CN112005831A - Cultivation method of dill drug - Google Patents
Cultivation method of dill drug Download PDFInfo
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- CN112005831A CN112005831A CN202010952333.XA CN202010952333A CN112005831A CN 112005831 A CN112005831 A CN 112005831A CN 202010952333 A CN202010952333 A CN 202010952333A CN 112005831 A CN112005831 A CN 112005831A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating dill (also called yam). The invention provides a dill cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: cutting seed potatoes with strong disease resistance into seed potato pieces, arranging the seed potato pieces on seedling growing ridges for seedling growing, covering the seed potato pieces with one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo shed or a mulching film by using a covering object during seedling growing, transplanting dill drug seedlings into transplanting holes of soil after seedling growing is finished, applying a nitrogen fertilizer 7-10 days after transplanting, putting up a bow-shaped frame when the dill drug seedlings are 20-30 cm long, guiding stems to the frame, applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 45-60 days after transplanting, and applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 90-100 days after transplanting. The cultivation method provided by the invention can effectively improve the yield of the dill, can also improve the marketability of the dill and increase the economic benefit of the dill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating dill medicament.
Background
Yam is generally known as Dioscorea opposita L, a plant of Dioscorea genus of Dioscoreaceae family, and is wound around rattan. Widely distributed in korea, japan and china. Has strong adaptability, and can grow in hillside, valley, irrigated cluster on stream side and roadside or weeds. The tuber is rich in starch, can be used for vegetable food, and can be used as a medicine for tonifying deficiency of spleen and stomach, and treating qi deficiency, asthenia, dyspepsia, spermatorrhea, enuresis, innominate toxic swelling, etc.
The Taizhou dill medicine is a local species of the yam, the high-quality Taizhou dill medicine is always popular with wide consumers, and is also popular not only in Taizhou but also in Hangzhou and Shanghai farmhouses even if the price per kilogram is 12 yuan (the highest price on the farmhouses is 16 yuan/kilogram). In recent years, the Taizhou dill drug is developed towards high-yield, high-efficiency and high-quality production. However, the yield and quality of dill in Taizhou is limited by the traditional dill cultivation technology, so that a method for effectively improving the yield and quality of the dill is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for cultivating dill drug. The cultivation method provided by the invention can effectively improve the yield of the dill, can also improve the marketability of the dill and increase the economic benefit of the dill.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a dill cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:
cutting seed potatoes with strong disease resistance into seed potato pieces, arranging the seed potato pieces on seedling growing ridges for seedling growing, covering the seed potato pieces with one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo shed or a mulching film by using a covering object during seedling growing, transplanting dill drug seedlings into transplanting holes of soil after seedling growing is finished, applying a nitrogen fertilizer 7-10 days after transplanting, putting up a bow-shaped frame when the dill drug seedlings are 20-30 cm long, guiding stems to the frame, applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 45-60 days after transplanting, and applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 90-100 days after transplanting.
Preferably, the seedling raising time is 3 to 4 ten days of the last month, and the daily average temperature is stable and is more than or equal to 10 ℃.
Preferably, before the seedling culture, ploughing the land blocks and leveling the land blocks for bed making; the width of each furrow is 1.2m, and the furrow distance between every two furrows is 0.4 m; seedling raising ditches are arranged on the ridges, the depth of each seedling raising ditch is 0.06-0.1 m, and the ditch distance of each seedling raising ditch is 0.2-0.3 m.
Preferably, during seedling raising, when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo greenhouse or a mulching film is covered.
Preferably, at least one surface of the seed potato block is provided with a skin; the grain size of the seed potato blocks is 3-5 cm.
Preferably, the seed potato blocks are disinfected before seeding; and the disinfection treatment comprises the step of soaking the potato seeds in a carbendazim diluent for 2-3 min.
Preferably, the cultivation method further comprises the steps of opening a fertilizing ditch before transplanting, applying base fertilizer in the fertilizing ditch, and ridging; the base fertilizer comprises 1500-2000 kg/667m of thoroughly decomposed breast fertilizer230-50 kg/667m potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer2。
Preferably, the ridging and ridging comprises ridging with the ridging height of 30-50 cm, and the width of a furrow is 15-20 cm.
Preferably, the transplanting holes are positioned on the ridges; the method for perforating the ridges comprises the following steps: and (3) drilling a transplanting hole with the depth of 30-40 cm, then filling perishable fillers into the transplanting hole to 5-8 cm above the transplanting hole, and then putting 2-3cm thick soil on the perishable fillers.
Preferably, the dosage of the potassium sulfate compound fertilizer applied 45-60 days after transplanting is 30-40 kg/667m2The using amount of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer applied for 90-100 days after transplanting is 20-30 kg/667m2。
The invention provides a dill cultivation method. The invention optimizes the technical scheme of the traditional dill cultivation by a 'five improvement' technology, changes the traditional potato seed cutting direct seeding method into seedling cultivation in a greenhouse, a small bamboo shed or a mulching film, and performs seedling transplantation, changes the traditional herringbone traction frame into a bow-shaped frame, changes the traditional dill cultivation variety into a good variety with stronger disease resistance, changes the traditional fertilizer application method before the cultivation into a balanced fertilizer application method, and also changes the traditional punching transplantation method, and the changes can effectively improve the yield and the commodity of the dill and remarkably improve the economic benefit of the dill.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for cultivating dill (also called yam), which comprises the following steps:
cutting seed potatoes with strong disease resistance into seed potato pieces, arranging the seed potato pieces on seedling growing ridges for seedling growing, covering the seed potato pieces with one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo shed or a mulching film by using a covering object during seedling growing, transplanting dill drug seedlings into transplanting holes of soil after seedling growing is finished, applying a nitrogen fertilizer 7-10 days after transplanting, putting up a bow-shaped frame when the dill drug seedlings are 20-30 cm long, guiding stems to the frame, applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 45-60 days after transplanting, and applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 90-100 days after transplanting. The cultivation method provided by the invention is preferably suitable for dill with the tuber shape of a nearly circular shape, an oval shape, a long oval shape or a short cylindrical shape, and further preferably with the tuber length of 20-40 cm. In the invention, the time for applying the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably 7-10 days after transplanting, and the nitrogen fertilizer is applied after the dill seedlings survive and recover to grow; the nitrogen fertilizer preferably comprises urea. The cultivation method provided by the invention optimizes the technical scheme of the traditional dill cultivation, can effectively improve the yield and commodity of the dill, and improves the economic benefit.
In the present invention, a good dill drug species having a strong disease resistance is preferably selected, and in the examples of the present invention, a variety of yam is preferably a dill drug. The invention uses the excellent dill drug variety with stronger disease resistance, can greatly reduce the times of drug application, effectively save labor and cost, and can also improve the quality safety of the product.
In the invention, the time for raising the seedlings is preferably 3 to 4 ten days of the last month, and the time for stabilizing the average daily temperature is more than or equal to 10 ℃. The present invention preferably starts to raise seedlings when the above conditions are met and the weather is clear.
In the invention, the seedling raising process is preferably carried out in a furrow on the seedbed, and the selection conditions of the plot where the seedbed is located are preferably that the plot is sheltered from wind and faces the sun, has a deep soil layer and rich organic matter content, and is convenient for management and seedling raising farm work operation.
In the invention, the bed is preferably made by ploughing a land block and leveling; the width of each furrow is 1.2m, and the furrow distance between every two furrows is 0.4 m; seedling raising ditches are arranged on the ridges, the depth of each seedling raising ditch is preferably 0.06-0.1 m, and the distance between every two adjacent seedling raising ditches is preferably 0.2-0.3 m. The invention is preferably carried out and completed in the morning of fine day when the seedbed is prepared, and can utilize sunlight to perform the functions of sterilizing the seedbed and increasing the ground temperature.
In the invention, the treatment of the seed potatoes preferably comprises the steps of selecting intact seed potatoes without damage and rot, spreading the selected seed potatoes on a sunning ground with sufficient sunlight for drying for 2 hours, and cutting the dried seed potatoes into seed potato blocks. In the present invention, the seed potato pieces preferably have at least one surface having a skin; the grain size of the seed potato blocks is preferably 3-5 cm. In the invention, the seed potato blocks are preferably disinfected before seeding; and the disinfection treatment comprises the steps of soaking potato seeds in a carbendazim diluent for 2-3 min, more preferably soaking the potato seeds in a carbendazim solution diluted to 1000 times for 2-3 min, and slightly airing and then seeding. The seed metering of the present invention preferably comprises: the distance between each kind of potato piece is preferably 3-5 cm, single row, and has a epidermis to upwards place, arranges to cover the hack of 2-3cm preferably after planting, covers to cover after the hack and adds the lid thing. The invention preferably shines the seed potatoes to kill germs, increase the temperature of the seed potatoes and improve the emergence rate of the seed potatoes and the health of seedlings.
In the invention, the covering object during covering comprises one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo greenhouse or a mulching film; when the temperature is lower than 13-15 ℃, one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo greenhouse or a mulching film is preferably covered. The small bamboo shed is preferably formed by building small bamboo arches and thin films, and the mulching films and the thin films are preferably nylon thin films. The invention preferably checks the seal daily after the lidding film is finished. In the invention, preferably after 15-20 days of seedling culture, more preferably 15 days, the film is lifted and the soil is dug, the germination condition of potato blocks is checked, and after 50-70% of the tender shoots of the potato blocks are pushed out of the soil surface, the covering material is removed; when the covering object is only the mulching film, removing the mulching film; when the covering object comprises a greenhouse or a small bamboo greenhouse, the ventilation or the film uncovering is carried out, and the maximum temperature in the greenhouse is not more than 30 ℃. In the present invention, artificial weeding is preferably included during seedling raising. The method can effectively protect the potato seeds by selecting various covers, can also achieve the technical effect of heat preservation, and improves the rate of emergence of the dill drug.
The method preferably begins to train seedlings when the dill medicine seedlings are about 3cm long, and lifts and transplants the seedlings when the dill medicine seedlings are preferably 5-10 cm long.
Soil preparation is preferably carried out before transplanting, a rotary cultivator is preferably used for deep ploughing during soil preparation, then leveling is carried out, and ridge forming is carried out according to the shape and the length of the land for transplanting. The dill cultivated by the method needs a deep planting land.
Preferably, fertilizing furrows are opened before transplanting, base fertilizer is applied in the fertilizing furrows, and ridging is carried out; the fertilizing ditch distance is preferably 90-100 cm, and more preferably 90 cm; the application method of the base fertilizer is preferably that the decomposed hurdle fertilizer is applied firstly, and then the potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer is applied to the decomposed hurdle fertilizer, wherein the usage amount of the decomposed hurdle fertilizer is preferably 1500-2000 kg/667m2The preferable dosage of the potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer is 30-50 kg/667m2More preferably 40kg/667m2Left and right. In the invention, the type of the potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer is preferably 15-15-15. In the invention, the ridging and ridging preferably comprises the steps of ridging at two sides of a fertilizing ditch, preferably building ridges with the height of 30-50 cm, more preferably ridges with the height of not less than 30cm and furrows with the height of 15-20 cm. In the invention, the fertilizer can effectively loosen soil, increase soil pores, improve soil ventilation conditions and the like, so that the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the effects of crop root systems and plant growth and development are facilitated, the shape of the dill drug tuber is optimized, and the commodity is improved. Meanwhile, the dill is cultivated on the ridges, so that the live soil layer can be effectively thickened, and the soil porosity is increased; the soil temperature is improved, the day and night temperature difference is increased, the respiration consumption is reduced, and the growth of tubers and overground stem leaves is facilitated; the relative height of the cultivation soil is increased, and drainage and waterlogging removal are facilitated; the soil on the ridges is loose, which is beneficial to preserving the soil moisture; the growing of the dill medicament is more suitable through ridge culture, the yield of the dill medicament is improved, and the quality of the product is effectively improved.
After seedling raising is finished, the dill drug seedlings are transplanted into the transplanting holes of the soil; in the invention, the position of the transplanting hole is preferably on the ridge back; the method for perforating the ridge back preferably comprises the following steps: and (3) drilling a transplanting hole with the depth of 30-40 cm, then filling perishable fillers into the transplanting hole to 5-8 cm above the transplanting hole, and then putting 2-3cm thick soil on the perishable fillers. The present invention preferably transplants dill-drug seedlings on soil filled in the transplantation holes. In the present invention, the perishable filling preferably comprises dry straw or other perishable crop stalks; the invention preferably transplants a dill seedling on the soil layer of each transplanting hole; the transplanting hole is preferably punched by a dill medicine transplanting soil taking puncher. The dill medicine transplanting soil taking puncher is used for punching, so that the technical problem that time and labor are wasted when a hoe is used for digging small pits in the ground during dill medicine sowing in the traditional method is solved, the stems of the harvested dill medicine blocks are regular in shape, the longitudinal length is longer, the dill medicine blocks are changed from a shape which is biased to be a lump into a short cylinder, the shapes are good, the commodity is good, the peeling is easy, the potato pulp rate is high, the commodity of the dill medicine is obviously improved due to the transplanting holes punched by the dill medicine transplanting soil taking puncher, and the economic benefit of the dill medicine is effectively improved.
In the invention, after the dill seedlings survive and grow again 7-10 days after the transplantation of the dill seedlings, nitrogen fertilizer is preferably applied. In the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably urea. In the invention, when the urea is applied, 300-400 kg/667m of urea aqueous solution containing 1-2% of urea by mass is preferably applied2And simultaneously, the operation of loosening the soil and weeding is preferably matched. The operation of the invention can promote the robust growth of the seedlings.
And when the dill seedlings grow to be 20-30 cm, and preferably 20cm, building a bow-shaped frame to guide the vines to the upper frame. The invention builds a bow rack for leading vines, wherein the bow rack is preferably a bamboo bow rack. A relatively low bow-shaped frame is built in a coastal area, and the influence of typhoon is small; when the dill seedlings are small and the length is about 20cm, the influence of the racks on the root systems of the dill seedlings is relatively small, the dill stems and tendrils begin to grow rapidly, the bows are timely erected to guide the stems and the tendrils to be placed on the racks, the stems and the leaves can be separated from the ground, a good growing environment and space are ensured, and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests of the overground parts of the dill seedlings is reduced.
Preferably applying a potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer 45-60 days after the dill seedlings are transplanted, wherein the type of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is preferably 15-15-15, and the using amount of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is preferably 30-40 kg/667m2The fertilizing part of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is preferably the periphery of the base of the overground part of the dill medicament. When the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is applied, the invention preferably combines weeding and ridging. And (3) forming and expanding the tubers of the dill seedlings 45-60 days after the dill seedlings are transplanted, wherein the yield of the tubers can be improved by setting the fertilizing amount.
Preferably applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer after 90-100 days of transplanting the dill seedlings, wherein the type and the fertilizing part of the potassium sulfate compound fertilizer are the same as those of the potassium sulfate compound fertilizer, and are not described again; the preferable dosage of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is 20-30 kg/667m2More preferably 20kg/667m2. After the dill seedlings are transplanted, the service life of the functional leaves can be effectively prolonged by topdressing for about 90 days, so that the expansion speed of tubers at the later stage is maintained.
In the invention, after the dill drug seedlings are transplanted, if the seedlings are dry in the weather, watering and seedling protection are preferably carried out, and if the seedlings are stormy in the weather such as typhoon, field accumulated water is preferably drained in time and disease control is carried out.
The method is preferably started in ten days of 10 months, and the potato blocks are harvested in time according to the weather condition and the sunny weather, so that the potato blocks are prevented from being frozen. According to the invention, after being dried properly, the potato blocks are classified and stored in a cellar with a relatively constant temperature, and preferably stored in a cave with a certain depth. The harvesting time and the storage method provided by the invention can ensure the storage time of the dill potato chips to the maximum extent.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the dill cultivation method provided by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Examples
In 2012-2015, the purified and rejuvenated dill drug (purple yam, local variety) is selected in the experimental prescription every year.
After ploughing, leveling and making ridges, wherein the width of the ridge surface is 1.2m, and the groove distance between every two ridges is 0.4 m. Shallow seedling raising ditches with the depth of 0.06-0.1 m are arranged on the ridge, and the distance between the seedling raising ditches is 0.2-0.3 m.
And (4) selecting intact and non-rotten seed potatoes, spreading the seed potatoes on a sunning ground with sufficient sunlight, and airing for 2 hours. And cutting the seed potatoes into seed potato blocks of 3-5 cm square by using a clean and sharp kitchen knife, wherein at least 1 surface of each seed potato block is provided with a skin. Soaking the potato seeds in a prepared carbendazim diluent (diluted to 1000 times) for 2-3 min, slightly drying the potato seeds, and then delivering the potato seeds to a seedbed for seeding.
And (3) seeding at the bottom of 3 months, wherein the distance between each potato seed block is 3-5 cm during seeding, the potato seeds are arranged in a single row, and the surface of each seed block with 1 surface faces upwards. After the arrangement, covering the bamboo chips with soil 2-3cm, and covering a mulching film and a small bamboo shed. After about 15 days, lifting the film and digging soil, growing the young shoots of the seed potatoes, after about 25 days, ejecting most of the young shoots of the seed potatoes out of the soil surface, removing the mulching film, after 9 am in sunny days, removing two films from the small bamboo shed for ventilation or removing the films, keeping the highest temperature in the shed (film) not more than 30 ℃, covering the film at about 3-4 pm and preserving the heat. Hardening seedlings when the seedlings are about 3cm long.
Deeply ploughing soil in a land block by using a rotary cultivator, then leveling, and transplanting the soil in ridges according to the characteristics of the land block, the length and the like. Fertilizing furrows are firstly opened before ridging, the furrow distance is about 90cm, and after furrows are opened, thoroughly decomposed seed manure which is prepared in advance is applied according to the weight of 1500-2000 kg/667m2The amount of the fertilizer is applied into the ditches, and then 40kg/667m is applied2The potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied to a breast fertilizer, then two sides are earthed up to form ridges, the height of each ridge is not less than 30cm, and the width of each ridge is 15-20 cm.
After the ridges are formed, a dill medicine soil taking puncher is used for punching holes with the depth of about 30cm in the ridge back according to the hole distance of about 45cm, after the holes are punched, prepared dry straws or other perishable crop straw fillers are filled into the holes, the upper parts of the holes are 5-8 cm empty, then 2-3cm of soil is placed in the empty parts, and then seedlings with the length of 5-10 cm are transplanted, wherein one hole is used for one seedling.
And 7-10 days after the transplanting is finished, pouring 1-2% urea solution after the dill seedlings survive and recover to grow, and simultaneously, loosening the soil and weeding to promote the robust growth of the seedlings. When the dill seedlings grow to about 20cm, putting an arched frame on the vine and guiding the vine to a shelf. 45-60% after transplantingd, applying 40kg/667m of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer (15-15-15)2Applying the mixture around the base, and then combining weeding and earthing up. 20kg/667m of potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied in late middle and late 8 months for seedling observation2。
And after the frost falls, selecting sunny weather to harvest the potato blocks. After being properly dried, the mixture is classified and stored in a cellar with a relatively constant temperature or a cave with a certain depth.
Comparative example
While dill was cultivated in the above examples, conventional planting techniques were used to cultivate dill outside the experimental side.
The cultivation method of the comparative example in 2012-2015 is different from the cultivation method provided by the example in that: digging small holes by using a hoe for direct seeding without seedling raising; the variety of the dill medicament is not selected, and the traditional variety with poor disease resistance is used; the total amount of fertilizer is insufficient, and the fertilizer application method is a pre-fertilization method, namely 1000-2000 kg/667m of the base fertilizer used breast fertilizer220-30 kg/667m of compound fertilizer2Applying 20kg/667m of compound fertilizer within 10-40 days after direct seeding cultivation and seedling emergence2Left and right, and no fertilizer is applied thereafter.
Application example
The yields and benefits of dill produced in the above examples and comparative examples were analyzed and compared, and are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of yield and benefit of dill produced in examples and comparative examples
Meanwhile, compared with the commercial property of the dill medicines provided by the embodiment in the comparative example, the embodiment uses the cultivation method provided by the invention, the harvested dill medicine blocks are regular in stem shape and longer in longitudinal length, namely, the dill medicine blocks are changed from a lump shape to a short cylindrical shape, the shape is good, the commercial property is improved, the dill medicine blocks are easy to peel, the potato pulp rate is high, and the selling price of the dill medicines can be obviously improved. As can be seen from Table 1, the cultivation method provided by the present invention can effectively improve the yield, shape and economic benefit of dill.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for cultivating dill comprises the following steps:
cutting seed potatoes with strong disease resistance into seed potato pieces, arranging the seed potato pieces on seedling growing ridges for seedling growing, covering the seed potato pieces with one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo shed or a mulching film by using a covering object during seedling growing, transplanting dill drug seedlings into transplanting holes of soil after seedling growing is finished, applying a nitrogen fertilizer 7-10 days after transplanting, putting up a bow-shaped frame when the dill drug seedlings are 20-30 cm long, guiding stems to the frame, applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 45-60 days after transplanting, and applying a potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 90-100 days after transplanting.
2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the seedling raising time is 3 to 4 last ten days of month and the daily average temperature is stabilized to be not less than 10 ℃.
3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein before the raising of the seedlings, the land is ploughed and leveled to form beds; the width of each furrow is 1.2m, and the furrow distance between every two furrows is 0.4 m; seedling raising ditches are arranged on the ridges, the depth of each seedling raising ditch is 0.06-0.1 m, and the ditch distance of each seedling raising ditch is 0.2-0.3 m.
4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein one or two of a greenhouse, a small bamboo greenhouse and a mulching film are covered when the temperature is lower than 13-15 ℃ during seedling cultivation.
5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the seed potato pieces have a skin on at least one side; the grain size of the seed potato blocks is 3-5 cm.
6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the seed potato pieces are sterilized before being seeded; and the disinfection treatment comprises the step of soaking the potato seeds in a carbendazim diluent for 2-3 min.
7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, further comprising opening a fertilizing ditch before transplanting, applying base fertilizer in the fertilizing ditch, and ridging the fertilizing ditch; the base fertilizer comprises 1500-2000 kg/667m of thoroughly decomposed breast fertilizer230-50 kg/667m potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer2。
8. The cultivation method according to claim 7, wherein the ridging comprises ridging with a ridging height of 30-50 cm and a furrow width of 15-20 cm.
9. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transplanting holes are positioned on the ridges; the method for perforating the ridges comprises the following steps: and (3) drilling a transplanting hole with the depth of 30-40 cm, then filling perishable fillers into the transplanting hole to 5-8 cm above the transplanting hole, and then putting 2-3cm thick soil on the perishable fillers.
10. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer applied 45-60 days after the transplanting is 30-40 kg/667m2The using amount of the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer applied for 90-100 days after transplanting is 20-30 kg/667m2。
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