CN112003808A

CN112003808A - Signal processing method and device

Info

Publication number: CN112003808A
Application number: CN201910446399.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马千里; 陈磊
Original assignee: Chengdu Huawei Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Huawei Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-27
Filing date: 2019-05-27
Publication date: 2020-11-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-27
Also published as: CN112003808B; WO2020238573A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a signal processing method and device. The signal processing method of the present application includes: a sending device acquires a pilot frequency sequence; the sending equipment maps a pilot frequency sequence to a pilot frequency area of a delay-Doppler domain, maps a cyclic prefix of the pilot frequency sequence to a guard interval of the delay-Doppler domain, maps a data signal to a data area of the delay-Doppler domain and acquires a delay-Doppler domain signal, wherein the pilot frequency sequence is positioned in all rows of the pilot frequency area; the sending equipment sends a transmission signal to the receiving equipment, and the transmission signal is obtained by processing the time delay-Doppler domain signal. According to the embodiment of the application, the peak-to-average ratio in the communication process can be reduced, the signal distortion is reduced, and the communication quality is improved.

Description

Signal processing method and device

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to communications technologies, and in particular, to a signal processing method and apparatus.

Background

An Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space (OTFS) technique is a new two-dimensional modulation technique, and the main technical feature is to place signals (e.g. constellation symbols) on a newly created Time delay-doppler domain, and perform equivalent transformation with a conventional Time domain-Frequency domain through two-dimensional dual fourier transform, so as to finally form common Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), or Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) waveforms for transmission. OTFS technology is particularly suitable for high-speed moving scenes due to its newly extended doppler domain. For example: an expressway scene with the vehicle speed of 120km/h, or a high-speed rail scene with the vehicle speed of 500km/h, and the like.

The transmitting device may perform delay-doppler domain signal mapping on the data information and the pilot information, map the data information and the pilot information to a delay-doppler domain, perform OTFS encoding operation, map the signal of the delay-doppler domain to a time-frequency domain, perform dimension change processing, generate a baseband waveform processing flow, and finally transmit the modulated waveform to the receiving device through the power amplifier. Namely, the OTFS technology moves the digital signal processing to the time delay-Doppler domain. The delay-doppler domain is a two-dimensional orthogonal mapping of the time-frequency domain. The time-frequency domain varying channel is energy averaged in the delay-doppler domain by two-dimensional orthogonal mapping. Therefore, the equivalent channel of the delay-doppler domain has stability, delay-doppler information resolution and orthogonality compared with the channel of the time-frequency domain.

However, after the sending device performs delay-doppler domain signal mapping and OTFS coding operations on the data information and the pilot information to obtain a time domain signal, the time domain signal has high impact, which causes an excessively high peak-to-average ratio and causes signal distortion.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a signal processing method and a signal processing device, which are used for reducing a peak-to-average ratio in a communication process, reducing signal distortion and improving communication quality.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal processing method, which may include: the method comprises the steps that a sending device obtains a pilot sequence, the sending device maps the pilot sequence to a pilot frequency area of a delay-Doppler domain, a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence is mapped to a guard interval of the delay-Doppler domain, a data signal is mapped to a data area of the delay-Doppler domain, and a delay-Doppler domain signal is obtained, wherein the pilot sequence is located in all rows of the pilot frequency area, the sending device sends a transmission signal to a receiving device, and the transmission signal is obtained by processing the delay-Doppler domain signal.

In the implementation manner, the sending device maps the pilot frequency sequence to all rows of the pilot frequency region of the delay-doppler domain, so that the energy of the pilot frequency sequence is dispersed on the delay domain of the whole pilot frequency region, thereby avoiding the existence of an impact signal with higher energy after the delay-doppler domain signal is subjected to OTFS coding operation, reducing the peak-to-average ratio of the sending device and the receiving device in the communication process, reducing signal distortion and improving the communication quality.

In one possible design, the guard interval is the same as the last L rows of the pilot region; l is greater than or equal to 1.

Optionally, the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource elements, wherein the pilot region may include k × M resource elements, and the guard interval is the same as the last L rows and M columns of the pilot region.

In one possible design, the pilot sequences are located in the same column or different columns of the pilot region.

Optionally, the pilot sequence may include k × n elements, n is any one of 2 to m, and the resource unit carrying the k × n elements in the pilot region is located in an adjacent or non-adjacent n column of the pilot region.

In one possible design, the pilot sequences are located in n columns of adjacent or non-adjacent pilot regions, where n is greater than 1.

In one possible design, the delay-doppler domain may further include a guard region, the guard region is located between the pilot region and the data region, and the signal mapped by the guard region is 0.

In this implementation, the pilot frequency region and the data region are separated by the protection region, so as to avoid the pilot frequency sequence in the pilot frequency region from leaking into the data region after experiencing the channel, and eliminate the interference of the leakage of the pilot frequency sequence in the data signal.

In one possible design, for uplink transmission, the method may further include: the sending equipment receives at least one of the following information: first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating the position of the pilot frequency area in the delay-Doppler domain; second indication information, the second indication information being used for indicating the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence; third indication information, the third indication information being used for indicating a pilot sequence; or, fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used for indicating the position of the protection area in the delay-doppler domain.

In this implementation manner, one or more of the position of the pilot frequency region in the delay-doppler domain, the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence, and the position of the guard region in the delay-doppler domain may be flexibly and dynamically indicated by the at least one indication information.

In one possible design, for downlink transmission, the method may further include: the sending device sends at least one of the following information: first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating the position of the pilot frequency area in the delay-Doppler domain; second indication information, the second indication information being used for indicating the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence; third indication information, the third indication information being used for indicating the pilot frequency sequence; or fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used for indicating the position of the protection area in the delay-doppler domain.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal processing method, which may include: the receiving device receives a transmission signal sent by the sending device, wherein the transmission signal is obtained by processing a delay-doppler domain signal, and the delay-doppler domain signal comprises: a pilot region for mapping a pilot sequence, a guard interval for mapping a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence, and a data region for mapping a data signal, the pilot sequence being located in all rows of the pilot region; the receiving device performs channel estimation based on the delay-doppler domain signal and the pilot sequence.

In one possible design, the pilot sequences are located in n columns of adjacent or non-adjacent pilot regions, n being greater than 1.

In one possible design, the delay-doppler domain signal further includes a guard region mapping the signal to 0, the guard region being located between the pilot region and the data region.

In one possible design, for uplink transmission, the method may further include: the receiving device sends at least one of the following information: first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating the position of the pilot frequency area in the delay-Doppler domain; second indication information, the second indication information being used for indicating the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence; third indication information, the third indication information being used for indicating a pilot sequence; or, fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used for indicating the position of the protection area in the delay-doppler domain.

In one possible design, for downlink transmission, the method may further include: the receiving device receives at least one of the following information: first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating the position of the pilot frequency area in the delay-Doppler domain; second indication information, the second indication information being used for indicating the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence; third indication information, the third indication information being used for indicating a pilot sequence; or fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being used for indicating the position of the protection area in the delay-doppler domain.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a wireless communication apparatus, which may be a sending device or a chip in the sending device. The apparatus has a function of implementing the above embodiments relating to the transmitting device. The functions can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above functions.

In one possible design, when the apparatus is a transmitting device, the apparatus may include: a processing module, which may be, for example, a processor, and a transceiver module, which may be, for example, a transceiver, which may include radio frequency circuitry and baseband circuitry.

Optionally, the apparatus may further comprise a storage unit, which may be a memory, for example. When the device comprises a storage unit, the storage unit is used for storing computer execution instructions, the processing module is connected with the storage unit, and the processing module executes the computer execution instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the sending equipment can execute the signal processing method related to the functions of the sending equipment.

In another possible design, when the apparatus is a chip in a transmitting device, the chip includes: a processing module, which may be, for example, a processor, and a transceiver module, which may be, for example, an input/output interface, pins, or circuits on the chip, etc. Optionally, the apparatus may further include a storage unit, and the processing module may execute computer-executable instructions stored in the storage unit to enable a chip in the sending device to perform the signal processing method related to the function of the sending device in any aspect.

Alternatively, the storage unit may be a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, and the like, and the storage unit may also be a storage unit located outside the chip in the sending device, such as a read-only memory (ROM) or another type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM), and the like.

The processor mentioned in any of the above mentioned embodiments may be a general Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs of the signal Processing methods in the above mentioned aspects.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a wireless communication apparatus, which may be a receiving device or a chip in the receiving device. The apparatus has the functionality to implement the embodiments of the aspects described above relating to the receiving device. The functions can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more units corresponding to the above functions.

In one possible design, when the apparatus is a receiving device, the apparatus may include: a processing module, which may be for example a processor, and a transceiver module, which may be for example a transceiver, which includes radio frequency circuitry, optionally the apparatus further comprises a storage unit, which may be for example a memory. When the apparatus comprises a storage unit, the storage unit is used for storing computer-executable instructions, the processing module is connected with the storage unit, and the processing module executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the apparatus executes the signal processing method related to the function of the receiving device in any aspect.

In another possible design, when the apparatus is a chip in a receiving device, the chip includes: a processing module, which may be, for example, a processor, and a transceiver module, which may be, for example, an input/output interface, pins, or circuitry on the chip, etc. The processing module may execute computer-executable instructions stored by the memory unit to cause a chip within the receiving device to perform the signal processing methods of the aspects described above with respect to the functions of the receiving device. Optionally, the storage unit is a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, and the like, and the storage unit may also be a storage unit located outside the chip in the access point, such as a ROM or another type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a RAM, and the like.

The processor mentioned in any of the above may be a CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the signal processing method.

In a fifth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided, in which program code is stored, the program code being indicative of instructions for carrying out the method of any one of the first to second aspects described above, or any possible implementation thereof.

A sixth aspect provides a processor, coupled to a memory, for performing the method of any of the first to the second aspects above or any possible implementation thereof.

In a seventh aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of the first to second aspects above, or any possible implementation thereof.

In an eighth aspect, there is provided a communication system comprising: the transmitting device of any possible implementation manner of the third aspect and the receiving device of any possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect.

The signal processing method and apparatus of the embodiment of the application, a sending device obtains a pilot sequence, the sending device maps the pilot sequence to a pilot region of a delay-doppler domain, maps a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain, maps a data signal to a data region of the delay-doppler domain, and obtains a signal of the delay-doppler domain, wherein the pilot sequence is located in all rows of the pilot region, the sending device sends a transmission signal to a receiving device, the transmission signal is obtained by processing the signal of the delay-doppler domain, the receiving device performs channel estimation according to the signal of the delay-doppler domain and the pilot sequence, thereby realizing communication between the sending device and the receiving device, the sending device maps the pilot sequence to all rows of the pilot region of the delay-doppler domain, the energy of the pilot frequency sequence is dispersed on the time delay domain of the whole pilot frequency region, so that the impact signal with higher energy after the time delay-Doppler domain signal is subjected to OTFS coding operation can be avoided, the peak-to-average ratio in the communication process can be reduced, the signal distortion is reduced, and the communication quality is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a mapping relationship between a time delay-Doppler domain and a time-frequency domain according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a delay-Doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of another delay-Doppler domain in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of another delay-Doppler domain in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a diagram of another delay-Doppler domain in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing method of a transmitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing method of a receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 20 is a flow chart of another signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of another wireless communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference to "first," "second," etc. (if any) in the embodiments of the application are for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.

The network device according to the present application refers to a device that can communicate with a terminal device. The network device may be an access network device, a relay station, or an access point. For example, the network device may be a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network, a Base Station (NodeB, NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), or an evolved Base Station (eNB or eNodeB) in a Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE). The network device may also be a wireless controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) scenario. The Network device may also be a Network device in a 5G Network or a Network device in a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) for future evolution. The network device may also be a wearable device or a vehicle mounted device, etc.

The terminal device according to the present application refers to a communication apparatus having a communication function. For example, it may be a wireless communication device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a wearable or in-vehicle device, a mobile terminal, a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), etc. The mobile terminal may also be referred to as a User Equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a User terminal, a wireless communication device, a User agent, or a User Equipment. The mobile terminal may be a smartphone, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a tablet, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, an IoT device with wireless communication functionality, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5G network or a terminal device in a future evolved PLMN network, etc.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the application scenario may include a sending device and a receiving device. The sending device may be any type of terminal device described above, and correspondingly, the receiving device may be any type of network device described above. Alternatively, the sending device may be any of the above forms of network devices, and correspondingly, the receiving device may be any of the above forms of terminal devices.

The sending equipment sends a transmission signal to the receiving equipment through the signal processing method, the transmission signal is obtained by processing a delay-Doppler domain signal, the receiving equipment receives the transmission signal, channel estimation is carried out according to the delay-Doppler signal and a pilot frequency sequence, and therefore communication between the sending equipment and the receiving equipment is achieved, the sending equipment maps the pilot frequency sequence to all rows of a pilot frequency region of a delay-Doppler domain, energy of the pilot frequency sequence is dispersed on the delay domain of the whole pilot frequency region, an impact signal with higher energy can be avoided after the delay-Doppler domain signal is subjected to OTFS coding operation, the peak-to-average ratio in the communication process can be reduced, signal distortion is reduced, and communication quality is improved. For a detailed explanation thereof, reference may be made to the following examples.

For example, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of the embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, the application scenario is exemplified by a Base Station (BS) and three UEs, wherein the three UEs are UE0, UE1 and UE2, for example, UE0 may communicate with the BS by using a modulation method of a DFT-S-OFDM waveform used in uplink transmission in an LTE system, UE0 may serve as a transmitting device, and the BS may serve as a receiving device. The UE1 may communicate with the BS using a modulation scheme of an OFDM waveform used for downlink transmission in the LTE system, and the UE1 may serve as a receiving device and the BS may serve as a transmitting device. The UE2 may communicate with the BS using a modulation of the CDMA waveform.

By way of example, the application scenarios may be a high-speed communication scenario, an MTC communication scenario, a high-frequency large-bandwidth communication scenario, and the like.

It should be noted that the waveform between the BS and the UE is only an example, the waveform may also be any other known waveform, different waveforms may be selected to perform different modulations, and the delay-doppler domain signal generated by the transmitting apparatus of the present application may be modulated by any waveform.

The delay-doppler domain referred to in this application refers to a two-dimensional domain different from the time-frequency domain, wherein one dimension represents the delay domain and the other dimension represents the doppler domain, which can be represented by a matrix of N × M D as an example. The delay-doppler domain may be formed of N x M resource elements, one resource element occupying one grid of the delay domain and one grid of the doppler domain. A grid of delay fields is a unit of delay fields, τ, which characterizes the spacing of the delay field signals,

the unit is seconds. And N is the number of the time delay domain grids. Δ f is the subcarrier spacing of frequencies. Thus, the delay domain trellis represents the interval of τ times to transmit a message. The physical meaning is that one message is sent at the time interval of a grid unit tau in the delay domain of a two-dimensional channel shown by the delay-Doppler domain. A grid of the doppler domain is a unit of the doppler domain, v, which characterizes the separation of the doppler domain signals,

the unit is Hz, which characterizes the separation of the doppler domain signals. I.e., the doppler grid, represents v frequency intervals apart, and one message is transmitted. The physical meaning is that the Doppler interval of a two-dimensional channel shown in a delay-Doppler domain sends information for v frequencies in a grid unit.

Note that, the above-mentioned τ_rAnd v_rThe following conditions are satisfied: tau is_r*v _r1. The delay-doppler domain has a mapping relationship with a time-frequency domain, and exemplarily, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between the delay-doppler domain and the time-frequency domain in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the delay domain may be mapped to the frequency domain, and the doppler domain may be mapped to the time domain, so that the signal in the delay-doppler domain in the embodiment of the present application may be converted into a signal in the time-frequency domain, and the signal in the time-frequency domain may also be converted into a signal in the delay-doppler domain. Here, the physical meaning of a signal at any point (e.g., (n, m)) in the time-frequency domain signal is a signal on the nth frequency domain at the mth unit time.

It should be noted that M and N may take any number, and for example, M may be a multiple of 2, and N may be a multiple of 14.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment relates to a sending device and a receiving device, and the method according to the present embodiment may include:

step 101, a sending device acquires a pilot sequence.

The pilot sequence is used for channel estimation by the receiving device. For example, the pilot sequence may include any one of a ZC sequence, an arbitrary column vector of a unitary matrix, a pi/2-BPSK sequence, or a pi/4-QPSK sequence, which may be other sequences, which is not illustrated herein.

The pilot sequence may be preset or configured by a network device, and may be flexibly set according to requirements. For example, for uplink transmission, the sending device is a terminal device, and the pilot sequence acquired by the terminal device may be preset or configured by a network device.

Step 102, the sending device maps the pilot frequency sequence to the pilot frequency region of the delay-doppler domain, maps the cyclic prefix of the pilot frequency sequence to the guard interval of the delay-doppler domain, maps the data signal to the data region of the delay-doppler domain, and obtains the signal of the delay-doppler domain.

The pilot sequence is located in all rows of the pilot region of the delay-doppler domain, so that the energy of the pilot sequence is dispersed over the delay domain of the whole pilot region.

For example, the transmitting device may map the pilot sequence, the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence, and the data signal into a delay-doppler domain as shown in fig. 3, where the delay-doppler domain is divided into a data region, a pilot region, and a guard interval, so as to map the data signal into the data region, map the pilot sequence into the pilot region, and map the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence into the guard interval. For example, the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 3 may be, from top to bottom, a data region, a guard interval, a pilot region, and a data region. The positions of the data area, the pilot frequency area and the guard interval in the delay-Doppler domain can be flexibly set as required. Wherein the guard interval may be set between the data region and the pilot region.

For example, the delay-doppler domain may include N × M resource elements, one dimension of the delay-doppler domain represents delay, another dimension of the delay-doppler domain represents doppler, the delay-doppler domain may include the data region, the guard interval, and the pilot region, N and M are positive integers, and the transmitting end may map different signals to different regions of the delay-doppler domain. For example, the pilot region includes K × M resource units, and the sending device may map the pilot sequence to K rows of the pilot region, for example, the pilot sequence may include K elements, and through the processing manner in this step, it is possible to implement one resource unit whose one element is located in one row of the pilot region, so that the pilot sequence is located in all rows of the pilot region.

The transmitting equipment maps the pilot frequency sequence, the cyclic prefix of the pilot frequency sequence and the data signal into a time delay-Doppler domain to obtain a time delay-Doppler signal. For example, for uplink transmission, the sending device is a terminal device, and the terminal device may map a pilot sequence, a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence, and a data signal into a delay-doppler domain to obtain a delay-doppler signal. For downlink transmission, the sending device is a network device, and the network device may map the pilot sequence, the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence, and the data signal into the delay-doppler domain to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal.

Step 103, the sending device sends a transmission signal to the receiving device, where the transmission signal is obtained by processing the delay-doppler domain signal.

The receiving device receives the transmission signal transmitted by the transmitting device.

For example, after acquiring the delay-doppler domain signal, the transmitting device may convert the delay-doppler domain signal, convert the delay-doppler domain signal into a time-frequency domain signal, perform dimension transformation on the time-frequency domain signal to obtain a time domain signal, perform waveform modulation and other processing on the time domain signal to obtain the transmission signal, and transmit the transmission signal to the receiving device. The receiving device receives the transmission signal, and can acquire a delay-doppler domain signal according to the transmission signal. For example, the receiving device may perform waveform demodulation, delay-doppler domain conversion, and the like on the received transmission signal to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal.

And step 104, the receiving equipment carries out channel estimation according to the delay-Doppler domain signal and the pilot frequency sequence.

The pilot sequence used by the receiving device for channel estimation is the same as the pilot sequence used by the sending device for signal processing, and the pilot sequence may be preset or configured by the network device, and may be flexibly set according to the requirement.

For example, the receiving device may perform channel estimation by using the delay-doppler domain signal and the pilot sequence, obtain an equivalent channel of the delay-doppler domain, and perform equalization, demodulation, and other processing on the data signal in the data region according to the equivalent channel to recover the data signal sent by the sending device.

In this embodiment, a sending device obtains a pilot sequence, the sending device maps the pilot sequence to a pilot region of a delay-doppler domain, maps a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain, maps a data signal to a data region of the delay-doppler domain, and obtains a delay-doppler domain signal, where the pilot sequence is located in all rows of the pilot region, the sending device sends a transmission signal to a receiving device, the transmission signal is obtained by processing the delay-doppler domain signal, the receiving device performs channel estimation according to the delay-doppler domain signal and the pilot sequence, so as to implement communication between the sending device and the receiving device, the sending device maps the pilot sequence to all rows of the pilot region of the delay-doppler domain, so that energy of the pilot sequence is dispersed over a delay domain of the entire pilot region, the method can avoid the impact signal with higher energy existing after the time delay-Doppler domain signal is subjected to OTFS coding operation, can reduce the peak-to-average ratio in the communication process, reduces signal distortion and improves the communication quality.

The time delay-doppler domain may have different setting modes of the pilot frequency region and the guard interval, and in some embodiments, the guard interval is the same as the last L rows of the pilot frequency region; l is greater than or equal to 1.

For example, the pilot region may include k × m resource elements, and the guard interval is the same as the last L rows and m columns of the pilot region. Wherein k is larger than L and smaller than N, and M is smaller than or equal to M. In some embodiments, L may be greater than or equal to the maximum multipath delay of the delay-doppler domain equivalent channel.

For example, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a delay-doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 5, the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource units, wherein the pilot region includes k × M resource units, and the guard interval includes L × M resource units, for example, as shown in fig. 5, the delay-doppler domain includes, from top to bottom, a data region, a guard interval, a pilot region, and a data region, and the number of resource units occupied by the guard interval and the pilot region is as described above. The transmitting device may map a pilot sequence to a pilot region as shown in fig. 5, map a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval as shown in fig. 5, and map a data signal to a data region as shown in fig. 5.

For example, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another delay-doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource units, wherein the pilot region includes k × M resource units, the guard interval includes L × M resource units, and M is smaller than M, for example, as shown in fig. 6, the delay-doppler domain includes, from top to bottom, a data region, a guard interval, a pilot region, and a data region, the number of resource units occupied by the guard interval and the pilot region is as described above, and since M is smaller than M, the data region surrounds around the guard interval and the pilot region. The transmitting device may map a pilot sequence to a pilot region as shown in fig. 6, map a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval as shown in fig. 6, and map a data signal to a data region as shown in fig. 6.

In some embodiments, the delay-doppler domain may further include a guard region, the guard region is located between the pilot region and the data region, signals mapped by the guard region are all 0, and it may also be understood that signals on resource units of the guard region are null.

For example, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another delay-doppler domain according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 7, the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource units, where the pilot region includes k × M resource units, the guard interval includes L × M resource units, and the guard region includes d × M resource units, for example, as shown in fig. 7, the delay-doppler domain sequentially includes, from top to bottom, a data region, a guard interval, a pilot region, a guard region, and a data region, and the number of resource units occupied by the guard interval, the guard region, and the pilot region is as described above. The transmitting device may map a pilot sequence to a pilot region as shown in fig. 7, map a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval as shown in fig. 7, and map a data signal to a data region as shown in fig. 7. By setting the guard region as shown in fig. 7, the guard region separates the pilot region from the data region to avoid the pilot sequence of the pilot region from leaking into the data region after experiencing the channel, and eliminate the interference of the pilot sequence leakage in the data signal.

For example, as shown in fig. 8, the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource units, wherein the pilot region includes k × M resource units, the guard interval includes L × M resource units, the guard region includes d × M resource units, and M is smaller than M, for example, as shown in fig. 8, the delay-doppler domain sequentially includes, from top to bottom, a data region, a guard interval, a pilot region, a guard region, and a data region, and the number of resource units occupied by the guard interval, the guard region, and the pilot region is as described above, and since M is smaller than M, the data region surrounds the periphery of the guard interval, the pilot region, and the guard region. The transmitting device may map a pilot sequence to a pilot region as shown in fig. 8, map a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval as shown in fig. 8, and map a data signal to a data region as shown in fig. 8. By setting the guard region as shown in fig. 8, the guard region separates the pilot region from the data region to avoid the pilot sequence of the pilot region from leaking into the data region after experiencing the channel, and eliminate the interference of the pilot sequence leakage in the data signal.

The pilot sequences may be arranged in different manners, and in some embodiments, the pilot sequences may be located in the same column or different columns of the pilot regions in the delay-doppler domain.

For example, the pilot sequence may include k elements, and the resource units carrying the k elements in the pilot region are located in the same row or different rows. If the number of rows of the pilot region in the delay-doppler domain of any of fig. 5-8 is k, a grid of each row of the pilot region carries an element, thereby dispersing the energy of the pilot sequence over the delay domain of the entire pilot region.

For example, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9, a delay-doppler domain for mapping a pilot sequence may employ the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 5, that is, the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource elements, where a pilot region includes k × M resource elements, and a guard interval includes L × M resource elements, and this embodiment may map the pilot sequence to a column of the pilot region, that is, k elements of the pilot sequence are located in the same column. In this embodiment, the pilot sequence shown in fig. 9 is taken as an example, and it can be understood that the pilot sequence may also be located in other columns, for example, any one of the 1 st column to the M th column.

Mapping the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to the guard interval, as shown in fig. 9, mapping the L-th to k-th elements of the pilot sequence to the guard interval, where the L-th to k-th elements of the pilot sequence in the guard interval are in the same column as the pilot sequence of the pilot region.

For example, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, a delay-doppler domain for mapping a delay-doppler domain of a pilot sequence may be the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 5, that is, the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource units, wherein a pilot region includes k × M resource units, and a guard interval includes L × M resource units, which is different from the pilot sequence placement manner shown in fig. 9 in that k elements of the pilot sequence are located in different columns, which is exemplified by the pattern shown in fig. 10, a first element is located in a first row and a first column of the pilot region, a second element is located in a second row and an eighth column of the pilot region, and positions of other elements are shown in fig. 10, which is not necessarily stated, that k elements of the pilot sequence are distributed in all rows of the pilot region, but are each located in a different column.

For example, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11, a delay-doppler domain for mapping a pilot sequence may employ the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 6, where the delay-doppler domain includes N × M resource units, a pilot region includes k × M resource units, a guard interval includes L × M resource units, and M is smaller than M. In this embodiment, the pilot sequence is taken as an example as shown in fig. 11, and it can be understood that the pilot sequence may be located in other columns, for example, any one of the (M-M)/2 th column to the (M + M)/2 th column.

Mapping the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to the guard interval, as shown in fig. 11, mapping the L-th to k-th elements of the pilot sequence to the guard interval, where the L-th to k-th elements of the pilot sequence in the guard interval are in the same column as the pilot sequence in the pilot region.

For example, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 12, a delay-doppler domain for mapping a pilot sequence may adopt the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 6, and a mapping manner of the pilot sequence in a pilot region and a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 6 is the same as the placement manner of the pilot sequence shown in fig. 10, which is not described herein again.

For example, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 13, a delay-doppler domain for mapping a pilot sequence may adopt the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 7, and a manner of mapping a pilot sequence in a pilot region and a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 7 is the same as the pilot sequence placement manner shown in fig. 9, which is not described herein again.

For example, fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 14, a delay-doppler domain for mapping a pilot sequence may adopt the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 7, and a manner of mapping a pilot sequence in a pilot region and a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 7 is the same as the pilot sequence placement manner shown in fig. 10, which is not described herein again.

For example, fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner in the embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 15, a delay-doppler domain as shown in fig. 8 may be used for setting a delay-doppler domain for mapping a pilot sequence, and a mapping manner of the pilot sequence in a pilot region and a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain as shown in fig. 8 is the same as the pilot sequence placement manner as shown in fig. 9, and is not described here again.

For example, fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 16, a delay-doppler domain for mapping a pilot sequence may adopt the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 8, and a mapping manner of the pilot sequence in a pilot region and a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 8 is the same as the placement manner of the pilot sequence shown in fig. 10, which is not described herein again.

In some embodiments, the pilot sequences may be located in adjacent or different adjacent n columns of the pilot region, n being greater than 1.

For example, the pilot sequence may include k × n elements, n is any one of 2 to m, and the resource units in the pilot region that carry the k × n elements are located in n adjacent or non-adjacent rows of the pilot region.

For example, taking n × M, the delay-doppler domain is exemplified by the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 5, and fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of another pilot sequence placement manner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 17, the delay-doppler domain for mapping the pilot sequence may adopt the delay-doppler domain shown in fig. 5, and k × M elements of the pilot sequence are distributed in the whole pilot region, where each column element of the k × M elements may be the same, so that the pilot sequence is distributed in the whole pilot region.

The cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence is mapped to the guard interval, and as shown in fig. 17, the distribution of the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence in the guard interval is the same as the distribution of the pilot sequence in the L-th to k-th rows of the pilot region.

The signal processing method according to the embodiment of the present application maps the data signal and the pilot sequence to the delay-doppler domain, and performs equivalent transformation on the pre-coding (for example, two-dimensional dual fourier transform) and the conventional time-frequency domain to form the above arbitrary waveform (for example, TDMA) for transmission. The following explains the signal processing method according to the embodiment of the present application in combination with the placement of the pilot sequence in the delay-doppler domain according to the above embodiment.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing method of a sending device in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 18, an OTFS preprocessing module in a modulation and demodulation module of the sending device in the embodiment of the present application maps a data signal and a pilot sequence to a delay-doppler domain to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal, performs OTFS coding on the delay-doppler domain signal to obtain a time-frequency domain signal, performs dimension conversion on the time-frequency domain signal to obtain a time domain signal, transfers the time domain signal to the modulation module, performs waveform modulation by the modulation module to generate a baseband waveform, and sends the baseband waveform through an antenna port after passing through a power amplifier, that is, sends a transmission signal.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing method of a receiving device in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 19, the receiving device in the embodiment of the present application receives a transmission signal through an antenna port, a demodulation module demodulates the transmission signal, a demodulated received symbol is transferred to an OTFS processing module of the receiving device, and the OTFS performs dimension transformation on consecutive M received symbols to generate a two-dimensional equivalent signal (which may also be referred to as a time-frequency domain signal) with a size of N × M. Then, OTFS decoding is performed on the time-frequency domain signal, and the decoding and encoding of the transmitting device are performed as an inverse transform. For example, the conjugate matrix of the orthogonal basis matrix U1 is multiplied by the left, and the conjugate matrix of the orthogonal basis matrix U2 is multiplied by the right, to obtain the delay-doppler domain signal, which is a two-dimensional signal with size N × M. And performing channel estimation on the equivalent channel of the time delay-Doppler domain according to the pilot frequency sequence and the placement mode of the pilot frequency sequence appointed by the sending equipment and the receiving equipment. And equalizing and demodulating the data signal on the time delay-Doppler domain by using the channel estimation result, and recovering the data signal of the sending equipment.

Illustratively, in the first mode, the sending device selects a pilot sequence with a length of k, and the pilot sequence itself has good autocorrelation properties, and has a property that the inner product of sequences after cyclic shifts with different lengths are performed on the pilot sequence is 0. For example, ZC sequences used for LTE pilot sequences, or arbitrary column vectors of unitary matrices of k × k dimensions, and the like. The Pilot sequence may be denoted as Pilot ═ P_1,a,P_2,a,……,P_k,a]^TWherein P is_1,a、P_2,a、……、P_k,aWhich may be referred to as individual elements of the pilot sequence.

Mapping pilot sequences to pilot regions 1: k rows, a column a. a can be any value of 1: M. I.e. 1 element per row and k elements per pilot region. The energy of the pilot sequence is equally distributed over the elements. And (3) dividing the K-L +1: k rows, column a, are placed into the guard interval, row K '-L +1: K', column a. a can be any value of 1: M. K' is the total number of rows of guard intervals. L is required to satisfy the maximum multipath time delay of the equivalent channel of the time delay Doppler domain or more. The placement of the mapped pilot sequences may be as shown in fig. 9.

In addition, the present application relates to the X: row Y specifically refers to the sequence from row X to row Y, for example, 1: the k rows and the a column specifically refer to the 1 st row to the k th row of the a column that maps the pilot sequence to the pilot region.

After mapping is completed, the sending device performs OTFS coding on the delay-doppler domain signal, a commonly used OTFS coding expression is U1DU2, an equivalent signal of a time-frequency domain is obtained, D is a matrix with dimension N × M representing the delay-doppler domain signal, U1 is an orthogonal basis matrix with dimension N × N, and U2 is an orthogonal basis matrix with dimension M × M. The orthogonal basis matrices may be arbitrarily chosen, with one of the most common orthogonal basis matrices being the DFT/IDFT matrix. The effect achieved by OTFS coding is that the delay-doppler domain signal of OTFS is mapped to the time-frequency domain.

The sending equipment selects the signal after OTFS coding to further generate a time domain signal according to the waveform of the sending equipment, performs processing such as waveform modulation and the like, and sends a transmission signal through an antenna port. For example, dimension transformation is performed on the signal after OTFS encoding, specifically, after OTFS encoding is completed, a two-dimensional time-frequency domain signal with a dimension of N × M is obtained, and the frequency domain signals of each unit time in the N × M time-frequency domain signal are sequentially arranged to generate a time domain signal before waveform modulation. The modulation module carries out waveform modulation to generate a baseband waveform, and the baseband waveform is sent out through an antenna port after passing through the power amplifier, namely transmission of a transmission signal is realized.

The receiving device receives the transmission signal, performs processing modes such as demodulation, dimension conversion, and OTFS decoding on the transmission signal as shown in fig. 19, to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal, based on a pilot sequence placement mode and a pilot sequence agreed by the sending device and the receiving device, the pilot sequence of this embodiment has autocorrelation properties (that is, an inner product of cyclic shift is 0), the receiving device may multiply a conjugate transpose matrix of the pilot cyclic shift matrix by the delay-doppler domain signal to obtain a channel estimation result of the a-th column, and balance and demodulate the data signal in the delay-doppler domain by using the channel estimation result of the a-th column to recover the data signal of the sending device.

The principle of channel estimation of the present embodiment is explained: after the pilot sequence placement method of this embodiment is adopted, after passing through the channel, the pilot region in the delay-doppler domain may be equivalent to the cyclic convolution of the pilot sequence in the pilot region and the two-dimensional channel impulse response in the delay-doppler domain. In the delay-doppler domain 1: line K, column a, for example, the mathematical expression is as follows:

wherein,

is the received vector of column a (i.e. column a of the delay-doppler domain signal described above),

for the a-th column in the two-dimensional channel matrix,

is a pilot matrix. It follows that the reception vector of the a-th column is related only to the a-th column in the two-dimensional channel matrix. This is because the pilot sequence is placed in only one of the columns. The column vector of each column of the pilot matrix is a cyclic shift of the column vector of the previous column shifted down by one bit. This is due to the effect of placing the Cyclic Prefix (CP) of the pilot sequence within the guard interval.

Based on the pilot sequence placement mode and the pilot sequence agreed by the sending device and the receiving device, the conjugate transpose matrix of the pilot cyclic shift matrix can be multiplied on the received signal to obtain the channel estimation of the a-th column, and the specific calculation process is as follows:

for example, the second mode is different from the first mode in that the selected pilot sequence is different, and the pilot sequence of this embodiment is another sequence without autocorrelation characteristics, for example, the pilot sequence is another pilot sequence with better peak-to-average power ratio suppression performance, such as a pi/2-BPSK sequence, a pi/4-QPSK sequence, and the like.

The transmitting device of this embodiment adopts a delay-doppler domain mapping processing mode that is the same as the first mode to obtain the delay-doppler domain signal, and the placement mode of the pilot sequence of the delay-doppler domain signal may be as shown in fig. 9.

After the mapping is completed, the sending device of this embodiment may adopt OTFS coding, dimension conversion, waveform modulation, and other processing similar to the above-described first method, and then send the transmission signal through the antenna port.

The receiving device receives the transmission signal, and performs processing modes such as demodulation, dimension conversion, and OTFS decoding on the transmission signal as shown in fig. 19 to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal, and based on a pilot sequence placement mode and a pilot sequence agreed by the sending device and the receiving device, the pilot sequence of this embodiment does not need to have good autocorrelation property, and can also obtain estimation on a channel, and only needs DFT conversion of the pilot sequence without a 0 value. The receiving device may obtain the channel estimation result of the a-th column through the following formula (3), and perform equalization and demodulation on the data signal in the delay-doppler domain by using the channel estimation result of the a-th column, thereby recovering the data signal of the transmitting device.

To pair

IDFT transformation is carried out to obtain a pair h_aEstimation of (2):

wherein,

is to Y_aPerforming DFT conversion, Y_aIs the received vector of column a (i.e. column a of the delay-doppler domain signal described above),

is a pair P_aPerforming DFT conversion, P_aIs a pilot matrix.

The principle of channel estimation of the present embodiment is explained: after the pilot frequency placement mode of this embodiment is adopted, after passing through the channel, the pilot frequency region of the delay-doppler domain may be equivalent to the cyclic convolution of the pilot frequency sequence of the pilot frequency region and the two-dimensional channel impulse response of the delay-doppler domain. In the delay-doppler domain 1: line K, column a, for example, the mathematical expression is as follows:

for the convenience of description, the expression is equivalent to a vector form:

wherein,

representing a cyclic convolution of the vector. DFT conversion is carried out on two sides of the equation to obtain:

the least squares estimation is carried out on the channel vector by the matrix, and the estimation after DFT on the column of channels can be obtained:

finally, to

IDFT transformation is carried out to obtain a pair h_aEstimation of (2):

as can be seen from the above derivation process, the processing method does not require that the pilot sequence itself has good autocorrelation properties to obtain the estimation of the channel. It is only necessary that the DFT transform of the pilot sequence has no 0 value.

For example, the third mode is different from the second mode in that the pilot sequence is placed differently, the transmitting device of this embodiment maps the data signal and the pilot sequence to the delay-doppler domain to obtain the delay-doppler domain signal, and the pilot sequence of the delay-doppler domain signal can be placed as shown in fig. 17, that is, this embodiment makes the user-specific pilot sequence occupy all the pilot regions.

The receiving device receives the transmission signal, performs processing modes such as demodulation, dimension conversion, and OTFS decoding on the transmission signal as shown in fig. 19 to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal, and based on a pilot sequence placement mode and a pilot sequence agreed by the sending device and the receiving device, the receiving device may use the following formula (7) to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal

By the inverse of (1)

Each element of (1). Last pair of

IDFT transformation is carried out to obtain a pair h_aThe channel estimation result of the a-th column is obtained, and the data signal on the delay-Doppler domain is equalized and demodulated by using the channel estimation result of the a-th column, so that the data signal of the sending equipment is recovered.

The principle of channel estimation of the present embodiment is explained: after the pilot frequency placement mode of this embodiment is adopted, after passing through the channel, the pilot frequency region of the delay-doppler domain may be equivalent to the cyclic convolution of the pilot frequency sequence of the pilot frequency region and the two-dimensional channel impulse response of the delay-doppler domain. The pilot sequence of the pilot region is in any row and any column of the pilot region as shown in fig. 17, which represents the pilot matrix in the form of column vectors:

each element may be 0 or non-0. Similar to the processing method of the receiving device in the second mode, the delay-doppler domain is 1: line K, column a, for example, the mathematical expression is as follows:

the DFT conversion is performed on the equation to obtain:

the above formula expands the received signal vector and converts it into the expression form of the received signal in the row, and the equivalent expression of the received signal value in each row can be obtained as:

the above formula is for

Each element in (a) has a unique solution, i.e., is equivalent to each row of the cyclic shift matrix of the pilot pattern being invertible. Solving the matrix of the above formula

By the inverse of (1)

Each element of (1). Last pair of

IDFT transformation is carried out to obtain a pair h_aEstimation of (2):

the signal processing method of the embodiment of the application can be suitable for a communication scene of high-speed movement. For example: a communication scene on an expressway with a vehicle speed of 120km/h, a communication scene on a high-speed rail with a vehicle speed of 500km/h, and the like.

The signal processing method of the embodiment of the application can be used for moving the digital signal processing to the delay-Doppler domain. The delay-doppler domain and the time-frequency domain construct a bridge through a two-dimensional orthogonal transformation, and therefore, the delay-doppler domain is a two-dimensional orthogonal mapping of the time-frequency domain. Through two-dimensional orthogonal mapping, the time-frequency domain changing channel is subjected to energy averaging in a time delay-Doppler domain. Therefore, the equivalent channel of the delay-doppler domain exhibits the following three characteristics compared to the channel of the time-frequency domain: stability: that is, each signal in the delay-doppler domain experiences almost exactly the same channel; delay-doppler information resolvability: namely, in a delay-Doppler domain, a channel shows two-dimensional extension, in the delay domain, multipath information of the channel can be seen, and in the Doppler domain, Doppler extension of the channel can be seen; orthogonality: the delay-doppler channels are orthogonal, i.e., the information of each path of the channel is uncorrelated with the information of the other paths.

Due to the resolvability of the Doppler spread (the traditional transmission method can only show resolvable multipath information), in a high-speed mobile scene, the resolvable Doppler spread can be eliminated or reduced as much as possible by an equalization method, the interference between signals is suppressed, and the system performance is improved.

One or more of a pilot frequency region, a placement mode of the pilot frequency sequence, or a protection region related to the signal processing method in the embodiment of the present application may be preset, and additional signaling is not required, and the method may also be adopted by a sending device and a receiving device through a signaling convention.

Fig. 20 is a flowchart of another signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application, where this embodiment is directed to uplink transmission, that is, a sending device is a terminal device, and a receiving device is a network device, as shown in fig. 20, the method according to this embodiment may include:

step 201, the network device sends at least one indication information of the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information or the fourth indication information to the terminal device.

The terminal equipment receives at least one of first indication information, second indication information, third indication information or fourth indication information sent by the network equipment.

The first indication information is used for indicating the position of the pilot frequency area in the delay-Doppler domain. For example, the first indication information may indicate a delay-doppler domain as any one of fig. 5-8. For example, the first indication information may include the number of grids occupied by the pilot region in the delay domain, the starting position in the delay domain, the number of grids occupied by the doppler domain, and the starting position in the doppler domain.

The second indication information is used for indicating the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence. For example, the second indication information may indicate a pilot sequence setting manner as shown in fig. 9. For example, the second indication information may include a column index indicating on which column the terminal device places the pilot sequence, e.g., the a-th column. Alternatively, the second indication information may include a pattern initial value for instructing the terminal device to determine a start position of a pattern of the pilot sequence from the pattern initial value. The patterns of the pilot sequences can be made orthogonal for different initial values of the patterns. For example, the second indication information may indicate a pilot sequence setting manner as shown in fig. 10, which is presented in a pattern as shown in fig. 10, a pattern initial value 1 may indicate a pattern of a pilot sequence as shown in fig. 10, and a pattern initial value 2 may indicate that the pattern of the pilot sequence as shown in fig. 10 is shifted right by one grid throughout a cycle.

The third indication information is used for indicating a pilot sequence. For example, the third indication information may indicate a pilot sequence orthogonal to other terminal devices. For example, the third indication information may include an initial value, which is used to instruct the terminal device to generate a pilot sequence orthogonal to other terminal devices according to the initial value.

The fourth indication information is used for indicating the position of the protection area in the delay-doppler domain. For example, when the delay-doppler domain further includes a guard region, the location of the guard region may be preset or may be indicated through signaling. For example, the network device may transmit the fourth indication information to the terminal device.

It should be noted that, for example, the network device may send at least one of the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, or the fourth indication information to the terminal device through at least one of the following signaling; the signaling may include Downlink Control Information (DCI), Radio Resource Control (RRC), or Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE).

Step 202, the terminal device maps the pilot sequence to the pilot region of the delay-doppler domain according to at least one indication information of the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information or the fourth indication information, maps the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to the guard interval of the delay-doppler domain, maps the data signal to the data region of the delay-doppler domain, and obtains the delay-doppler domain signal.

The position of the pilot frequency region in the delay-doppler domain, the position of the pilot frequency sequence in the pilot frequency region, the position of the pilot frequency sequence, the position of the guard interval, and the size of the region may be preset, or may be indicated by the indication information in step 201. The terminal device maps the pilot sequence, the cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence, and the data signal to the corresponding delay-doppler domain in step 202, and obtains a delay-doppler domain signal.

Step 203, the terminal device processes the delay-doppler domain signal to obtain a transmission signal.

After the terminal device obtains the delay-doppler domain signal, it can convert the delay-doppler domain signal, convert the delay-doppler domain signal into a time-frequency domain signal, then perform dimension transformation on the time-frequency domain signal to obtain a time domain signal, perform waveform modulation and other processing on the time domain signal to obtain a transmission signal,

step 204, the terminal device sends a transmission signal to the network device.

And the network equipment receives the transmission signal sent by the terminal equipment.

Step 205, the network device processes the transmission signal to obtain a delay-doppler domain signal, and performs channel estimation according to the delay-doppler domain signal and the pilot frequency sequence to obtain an equivalent channel of the delay-doppler domain.

Step 206, the network device performs equalization processing on the data signal in the data area according to the equivalent channel.

For example, the network device performs equalization, demodulation, and other processing on the data signal in the data region according to the equivalent channel, and recovers the data signal transmitted by the transmitting device.

In this embodiment, a network device sends at least one of first indication information, second indication information, third indication information, or fourth indication information to a terminal device, the terminal device maps a pilot sequence to a pilot region of a delay-doppler domain according to the at least one indication information, maps a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain, maps a data signal to a data region of the delay-doppler domain, obtains a delay-doppler domain signal, the terminal device processes the delay-doppler domain signal to obtain a transmission signal, the terminal device sends the transmission signal to the network device, the network device processes the transmission signal to obtain the delay-doppler domain signal, performs channel estimation according to the delay-doppler domain signal and the pilot sequence, the method comprises the steps of obtaining an equivalent channel of a delay-Doppler domain, carrying out equalization processing on a data signal of a data area by network equipment according to the equivalent channel, and recovering the data signal of the network equipment, so that communication between sending equipment and receiving equipment is realized, mapping a pilot frequency sequence to all rows of the pilot frequency area of the delay-Doppler domain by the sending equipment, and dispersing energy of the pilot frequency sequence on the delay domain of the whole pilot frequency area, so that an impact signal with higher energy can be avoided after the signal of the delay-Doppler domain is subjected to OTFS coding operation, the peak-to-average ratio in the communication process can be reduced, signal distortion is reduced, and the communication quality is improved.

And the network device can flexibly and dynamically indicate one or more of the position of the pilot frequency region in the delay-doppler domain, the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence, the pilot frequency sequence and the position of the protection region in the delay-doppler domain to the terminal device.

For downlink transmission, the sending device is a network device, the receiving device is a terminal device, and similar to the uplink transmission in the embodiment shown in fig. 20, the network device may send any one or more of the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, or the fourth indication information to the terminal device, so as to agree with the terminal device about one or more of a position of the pilot region in the delay-doppler domain, a position of a resource unit carrying the pilot sequence, and a position of the protection region in the delay-doppler domain.

Having described the signal processing method according to the embodiment of the present application in detail above, the wireless communication apparatus of the embodiment of the present application will be described below.

The embodiment of the application describes the schematic structure of the wireless communication device in detail.

In one example, fig. 21 illustrates a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication apparatus 2100 of an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 2100 in this embodiment of the present application may be the sending device in the foregoing method embodiment, or may be one or more chips in the sending device. The apparatus 2100 may be configured to perform some or all of the functions of the transmitting device in the above-described method embodiments. The apparatus 2100 may include a first transceiver module 2110 and a second processing module 2120, and optionally, the apparatus 2100 may further include a first storage module 2130.

For example, the first transceiver module 2110 may be configured to execute the acquiring of the pilot sequence in step S101 in the foregoing method embodiment, and send the transmission signal in step S103, or be configured to receive at least one of the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, or the fourth indication information from the network device in step S201, and send the transmission signal in step S204.

The first processing module 2120 may be configured to execute step S102 in the foregoing method embodiment, or configured to execute step S202 and step 203.

Alternatively, the apparatus 2100 may be configured as a general purpose processing system, such as that commonly referred to as a chip, and the first processing module 2120 may include: one or more processors providing processing functionality; the first transceiver module 2110 may be, for example, an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, and the input/output interface may be used to take charge of information interaction between the chip system and the outside, for example, the input/output interface may output a transmission signal of the sending device to other modules outside the chip for processing. The processing module can execute computer execution instructions stored in the storage module to realize the functions of the sending device in the method embodiment. In an example, the first storage module 2130 optionally included in the apparatus 2100 may be a storage unit in a chip, such as a register, a cache, and the like, and the first storage module 2130 may also be a storage unit located outside the chip in the sending device, such as a read-only memory (ROM) or another type of static storage device that may store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM), and the like.

In another example, fig. 22 shows a schematic block diagram of another wireless communication apparatus 2200 of an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 2200 in this embodiment may be the sending device in the above method embodiment, and the apparatus 2200 may be configured to perform part or all of the functions of the sending device in the above method embodiment. The apparatus 2200 may comprise: processor 2210, baseband circuitry 2230, rf circuitry 2240, and antenna 2250, optionally, the apparatus 2200 may also include a memory 2220. The various components of the device 2200 are coupled together by a bus 2260, where the bus system 2260 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus, in addition to a data bus. For clarity of illustration, the various buses are designated in the figure as the bus system 2260.

Processor 2210 may be used to implement control of the transmitting device, to perform processing by the transmitting device in the above-described embodiments, to perform processing procedures involving the transmitting device in the above-described method embodiments and/or other procedures for the techniques described herein, and may also run an operating system, be responsible for managing the bus, and may execute programs or instructions stored in memory.

The baseband circuit 2230, the rf circuit 2240 and the antenna 2250 may be used to support information transceiving between the transmitting device and the receiving device in the above embodiments, so as to support wireless communication between the transmitting device and the receiving device. In one example, the first indication information sent from the receiving device in uplink transmission is received through the antenna 2250, is processed by the rf circuit 2240 through filtering, amplification, down-conversion, and digitization, and then is decoded by the baseband circuit 2230, and is processed by the processor 2210 after baseband processing such as decapsulating data according to a protocol, so as to recover the signaling information sent by the receiving device in uplink transmission; in yet another example, a transmission signal of a transmitting device may be processed by processor 2210, processed by baseband circuitry 2230, processed by baseband, e.g., protocol packets, encoded, etc., further processed by rf circuitry 2240, e.g., analog converted, filtered, amplified, and upconverted, and transmitted via antenna 2250.

The memory 2220 may be used for storing program codes and data of the transmitting device, and the memory 2220 may be the first storage module 2130 in fig. 21. It will be appreciated that the baseband circuitry 2230, the radio frequency circuitry 2240 and the antenna 2250 may also be configured to support the sending device to communicate with other network entities, for example, to support the sending device to communicate with a network element on the core network side. The memory 2220 is shown separate from the processor 2210 in fig. 22, however, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the memory 2220, or any portion thereof, may be located external to the wireless communication device 2200. For example, memory 2220 may comprise a transmission line, and/or a computer article separate from the wireless node, which may be accessed by processor 2210 through bus interface 2260. Alternatively, memory 2220, or any portion thereof, may be integrated into processor 2210, e.g., may be a cache and/or general purpose registers.

It will be appreciated that fig. 22 only shows a simplified design of the transmitting device. For example, in practical applications, the sending device may comprise any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, memories, etc., and all sending devices that can implement the present application are within the scope of the present application.

In one possible implementation, the wireless communication device may also be implemented using: one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuitry, or any combination of circuitry capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application. In yet another example, the present application further provides a computer storage medium, which can store program instructions for instructing any one of the above methods, so that a processor executes the program instructions to implement the method and the functions related to the sending device in the above method embodiments.

The exemplary structure of the wireless communication device is described in detail in the embodiments of the present application. In one example, fig. 23 illustrates a schematic block diagram of a wireless communication device 2300 of an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 2300 of the embodiment of the present application may be the receiving device in the above method embodiment, or may be one or more chips in the receiving device. The apparatus 2300 may be used to perform some or all of the functionality of the receiving device in the method embodiments described above. The apparatus 2300 may include a second processing module 2310 and a second transceiver module 2320, and optionally, the apparatus 2300 may further include a second storage module 2330.

For example, the second transceiver module 2320 may be configured to receive the transmission signal in step S103 in the foregoing method embodiment, or to receive the transmission signal from the sending device in step S204, or to send at least one of the first indication information, the second indication information, the third indication information, or the fourth indication information in step S201;

the second processing module 2310 may be configured to execute step S104 in the foregoing method embodiment, or to execute step S205 and step S206;

alternatively, the apparatus 2300 may be configured as a general purpose processing system, such as that commonly referred to as a chip, and the second processing module 2310 may include: one or more processors providing processing functionality; the second transceiver module may be, for example, an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, and the input/output interface may be used to take charge of information interaction between the chip system and the outside, for example, the input/output interface may output the first indication information to other modules outside the chip for processing. The one or more processors may execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory module to implement the functionality of the receiving device in the above-described method embodiments. In an example, the second storage module 2330 optionally included in the apparatus 2300 may be a storage unit inside a chip, such as a register, a cache, or the like, and the storage module 2330 may also be a storage unit outside the chip inside the receiving device, such as a read-only memory (ROM) or another type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.

In another example, fig. 24 shows a schematic block diagram of another wireless communication device 2400 of an embodiment of the present application. The apparatus 2400 of the embodiment of the present application may be a receiving device in the foregoing method embodiment, and the apparatus 2400 may be configured to perform part or all of the functions of the receiving device in the foregoing method embodiment. The apparatus 2400 may include: a processor 2410, a baseband circuit 2430, a radio frequency circuit 2440, and an antenna 2450, and optionally, the device 2400 can also include a memory 2420. The various components of device 2400 are coupled together by a bus 2460, where bus system 2460 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to a data bus. For clarity of illustration, however, the various buses are designated in the figure as bus system 2460.

The processor 2410 may be used to implement control of the receiving device, to perform processing by the receiving device in the embodiments described above, to perform processes involving the receiving device in the method embodiments described above and/or other processes for the techniques described herein, to run an operating system, to manage the bus, and to execute programs or instructions stored in memory.

The baseband circuit 2430, the radio frequency circuit 2440, and the antenna 2450 may be used to support transceiving information between a receiving device and a transmitting device as referred to in the above embodiments to support wireless communication between the receiving device and the transmitting device. In one example, a transmission signal transmitted from a transmitting device for uplink transmission is received by the antenna 2450, is filtered, amplified, down-converted, digitized, and the like by the rf circuit, and is then decoded by the baseband circuit, decapsulated according to a protocol, and the like by the baseband circuit, and then is processed by the processor 2410 to recover service data transmitted by the transmitting device; in yet another example, the first indication information of the receiving device for uplink transmission may be processed by the processor 2410, processed by the baseband circuit 2430 for baseband processing such as protocol packaging, encoding, etc., further processed by the rf circuit 2440 for rf processing such as analog conversion, filtering, amplification, and frequency upconversion, and then transmitted via the antenna 2450, the memory 2420 may be used for storing program codes and data of the receiving device, and the memory 2420 may be the storage module 2330 in fig. 23. It will be appreciated that the baseband circuitry 2430, the radio frequency circuitry 2440, and the antenna 2450 may also be used to support the receiving device in communication with other network entities, e.g., to support the receiving device in communication with core network devices.

It will be appreciated that fig. 24 only shows a simplified design of the receiving device. For example, in practical applications, the receiving device may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, memories, etc., and all receiving devices that can implement the present application are within the scope of the present application.

In one possible implementation, the wireless communication device may also be implemented using: one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuitry, or any combination of circuitry capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.

In yet another example, the present application further provides a computer storage medium, which may store program instructions for instructing any one of the above methods, so that a processor executing the program instructions implements the method and the functions related to the receiving device in the above method embodiments.

The processors related to the apparatus 2200 and the apparatus 2400 may be general-purpose processors, such as a general-purpose Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), a microprocessor, and the like, or may be application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program according to the present application. The device can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The controller/processor can also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors, DSPs, and microprocessors, among others. Processors typically perform logical and arithmetic operations based on program instructions stored within memory.

The memories of device 2200 and device 2400 described above may also store an operating system and other application programs. In particular, the program may include program code including computer operating instructions. More specifically, the memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), other types of static storage devices that store static information and instructions, a Random Access Memory (RAM), other types of dynamic storage devices that store information and instructions, a disk memory, and so forth. The memory may be a combination of the above memory types. And the computer-readable storage medium/memory described above may be in the processor, may be external to the processor, or distributed across multiple entities including the processor or processing circuitry. The computer-readable storage medium/memory described above may be embodied in a computer program product. By way of example, a computer program product may include a computer-readable medium in packaging material.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the procedures or functions described in the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk), among others.

Claims

1. A signal processing method, comprising:

a sending device acquires a pilot frequency sequence;

the sending equipment maps the pilot frequency sequence to a pilot frequency area of a delay-Doppler domain, maps a cyclic prefix of the pilot frequency sequence to a guard interval of the delay-Doppler domain, maps a data signal to a data area of the delay-Doppler domain and obtains a delay-Doppler domain signal; wherein the pilot sequence is located in all rows of the pilot region;

and the sending equipment sends a transmission signal to the receiving equipment, wherein the transmission signal is obtained by processing the time delay-Doppler domain signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the guard interval is the same as the last L rows of the pilot region; l is greater than or equal to 1.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the pilot sequences are located in the same column or different columns of the pilot region.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pilot sequences are located in n adjacent or non-adjacent columns of the pilot region, and n is greater than 1.

5. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the delay-Doppler domain further comprises a guard region, wherein the guard region is located between the pilot region and the data region, and wherein a signal mapped to the guard region is 0.

6. The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein for uplink transmission, the method further comprises:

the sending equipment receives at least one of the following information:

first indication information for indicating a position of the pilot region in the delay-doppler domain;

second indication information, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating the position of the resource unit carrying the pilot frequency sequence;

third indication information, wherein the third indication information is used for indicating the pilot frequency sequence; or,

fourth indication information for indicating a location of the guard region in the delay-Doppler domain.

7. The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein for downlink transmission, the method further comprises:

the sending device sends at least one of the following information:

8. A signal processing method, comprising:

the receiving device receives a transmission signal sent by the sending device, wherein the transmission signal is obtained by processing a delay-doppler domain signal, and the delay-doppler domain signal includes: mapping a pilot frequency region of a pilot frequency sequence, mapping a guard interval of a cyclic prefix of the pilot frequency sequence, and mapping a data region of a data signal, wherein the pilot frequency sequence is positioned in all rows of the pilot frequency region;

and the receiving equipment carries out channel estimation according to the time delay-Doppler domain signal and the pilot frequency sequence.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the guard interval is the same as the last L rows of the pilot region; l is greater than or equal to 1.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the pilot sequences are located in the same column or different columns of the pilot region.

11. The method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the pilot sequences are located in n adjacent or non-adjacent columns of the pilot region, and n is greater than 1.

12. The method according to any of claims 8 to 11, wherein the delay-doppler domain signal further comprises a guard region with a mapping signal of 0, the guard region being located between the pilot region and the data region.

13. The method according to any of claims 8 to 12, wherein for uplink transmission, the method further comprises:

the receiving device sends at least one of the following information:

14. The method according to any of claims 8 to 12, wherein for downlink transmission, the method further comprises:

the receiving device receives at least one of the following information:

15. A wireless communications apparatus, comprising:

the first transceiver module is used for acquiring a pilot frequency sequence;

a first processing module, configured to map the pilot sequence to a pilot region of a delay-doppler domain, map a cyclic prefix of the pilot sequence to a guard interval of the delay-doppler domain, map a data signal to a data region of the delay-doppler domain, and obtain a delay-doppler domain signal; wherein the pilot sequence is located in all rows of the pilot region;

the first transceiver module is further configured to send a transmission signal to a receiving device, where the transmission signal is obtained by processing the delay-doppler domain signal.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the guard interval is the same as the last L rows of the pilot region; l is greater than or equal to 1.

17. The apparatus of claim 15 or 16, wherein the pilot sequences are located in the same column or different columns of the pilot region.

18. The apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the pilot sequences are located in n adjacent or non-adjacent columns of the pilot region, and n is greater than 1.

19. The apparatus of any of claims 15-18, wherein the delay-doppler domain further comprises a guard region, wherein the guard region is located between the pilot region and the data region, and wherein a signal mapped to the guard region is 0.

20. The apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 19, wherein for uplink transmission, the first transceiver module is further configured to receive at least one of the following information:

21. The apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 19, wherein for the downlink transmission, the first transceiver module is further configured to send at least one of the following information:

22. A wireless communications apparatus, comprising:

a second transceiver module, configured to receive a transmission signal sent by a sending device, where the transmission signal is obtained by processing a delay-doppler domain signal, and the delay-doppler domain signal includes: mapping a pilot frequency region of a pilot frequency sequence, mapping a guard interval of a cyclic prefix of the pilot frequency sequence, and mapping a data region of a data signal, wherein the pilot frequency sequence is positioned in all rows of the pilot frequency region;

and the second processing module is used for carrying out channel estimation according to the time delay-Doppler domain signal and the pilot frequency sequence.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the guard interval is the same as the last L rows of the pilot region; l is greater than or equal to 1.

24. The apparatus of claim 22 or 23, wherein the pilot sequences are located in the same column or different columns of the pilot region.

25. The apparatus according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the pilot sequences are located in n adjacent or non-adjacent columns of the pilot region, and n is greater than 1.

26. The apparatus of any of claims 22 to 25, wherein the delay-doppler domain signal further comprises a guard region with a mapping signal of 0, the guard region being located between the pilot region and the data region.

27. The apparatus according to any of claims 22 to 26, wherein for uplink transmission, the second transceiver module is further configured to send at least one of the following information:

28. The apparatus according to any of claims 22 to 26, wherein for the downlink transmission, the second transceiver module is further configured to receive at least one of the following information:

29. A wireless communications apparatus, comprising: a processor, a memory, a transceiver; the transceiver is coupled to the processor, and the processor controls transceiving action of the transceiver;

wherein the memory is to store computer-executable program code, the program code comprising instructions; the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the wireless communication device to perform the method of any of claims 1-14.

30. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 14.