CN117121414A

CN117121414A - Method and apparatus for transmitting reference signal

Info

Publication number: CN117121414A
Application number: CN202180096582.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曲秉玉; 高翔; 张哲宁; 刘鹍鹏
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2023-11-24
Also published as: WO2022205022A1

Abstract

A method and apparatus for transmitting a reference signal is provided, which are applicable to the field of wireless communication. The method may include: the check sequences with different lengths are designed to distinguish the original port from the newly added port, the DMRS ports with semi-orthogonal or low cross-correlation characteristics are multiplexed under the condition of not increasing time-frequency resources, the capacity expansion of the DMRS ports is realized, the interference between the original port and the newly added port in the protocol is reduced to the maximum extent, and the quality of channel estimation is ensured. The method and the device for transmitting the reference signals meet the requirement of the system on the number of ports when the number of the antennas is suddenly increased, and improve the flexibility and the high efficiency of information transmission.

Description

Method and apparatus for transmitting reference signal

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting a reference signal.

Background

The demodulation reference signals (DeModulation Reference Signal, DMRS) are used to estimate an equivalent channel matrix experienced by a data channel (e.g., physical downlink shared channel Physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH) or a control channel (e.g., physical downlink control channel Physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) for data detection and demodulation. At present, 5G NR supports 2 DMRS resource mapping types. For a Type 1 (Type 1) DMRS, a maximum of 8 orthogonal ports can be supported; for a Type 2 (Type 2) DMRS, a maximum of 12 orthogonal ports may be supported. With future wireless communication device deployment becoming denser, the number of terminal devices further increases, and with the subsequent continuous evolution of the MIMO system, the number of transmit/receive antennas will further increase (the number of network device transmit antennas supports 128T or 256T, and the number of terminal receive antennas supports 8R), and more DMRS ports will be needed to support higher transmission streams (greater than 12 streams).

Because different DMRS ports depend on time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing or code division multiplexing to achieve orthogonality, time-frequency resources and orthogonal codeword sets are limited, and the simplest method for expanding the number of the existing orthogonal DMRS ports is to increase the time-frequency resources occupied by the DMRS. The method can ensure that the number of resources occupied by the DMRS symbols corresponding to each DMRS port is unchanged, however, the increase of the overhead of the DMRS can reduce the frequency spectrum efficiency of the system. Another method is to multiplex more DMRS symbols corresponding to non-orthogonal DMRS ports while guaranteeing the same time-frequency resources (overhead). However, the superposition of non-orthogonal ports tends to introduce some interference, which results in a loss of system performance. Therefore, how to increase a certain number of DMRS ports without increasing additional time-frequency resource overhead and ensuring less damage to channel estimation performance is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a method and a device for transmitting reference signals, which can support more DMRS ports without increasing additional time-frequency resource expenditure, improve the system capacity and ensure less damage to channel estimation performance.

In a first aspect, a method of transmitting a reference signal is provided, the method may include: transmitting a first reference signal on a first resource; and transmitting a second reference signal on a second resource, wherein the first resource corresponds to a first time domain resource and a first frequency domain resource, the second resource corresponds to the first time domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, and the first frequency domain resource is smaller than the second frequency domain resource.

It should be understood that the first reference signal and the second reference signal may represent one or more reference signal symbols, where the one or more reference signal symbols are mapped on one or more time-frequency resources, and the reference signal may correspond to one or more ports, which is not limited in this disclosure. The first reference signal may correspond to an existing port and the second reference signal may correspond to an added port.

In one possible manner, the first reference signal corresponds to a first sequence, the second reference signal corresponds to a second sequence, and the number of elements included in the first sequence is smaller than the number of elements included in the second sequence.

In one possible manner, the first sequence belongs to a first sequence set, the second sequence belongs to a second sequence set, the first sequence set comprises at least one sequence, the second sequence set comprises at least one sequence, the first sequence set comprises the same number of elements included in the sequence, and the second sequence set comprises the same number of elements included in the sequence.

In one possible manner, an average value of a plurality of values formed by cross-correlation coefficients between any one sequence in the first sequence set and any one sequence in the second sequence set is smaller than or equal to a first threshold value.

In a possible way, the cross-correlation coefficient between any one of the first set of sequences and any one of the second set of sequences is less than or equal to a first threshold, i.e. each sequence of the first set of sequences and each sequence of the second set of sequences exhibits a low cross-correlation.

In a possible manner, the first threshold value may be

One possible way is to generate a first reference signal from the first sequence and the third sequence; a second reference signal is generated from the second sequence and the fourth sequence. The third sequence and the fourth sequence may be a base sequence of the reference signal, respectively. The base sequence of the reference signal may be a pseudo-random sequence, such as a gold sequence, etc.

According to the technical scheme, the sequences included in the two sequence sets are subjected to low cross correlation, namely, the DMRS signals corresponding to the existing ports and the DMRS signals corresponding to any newly added port are subjected to low cross correlation, so that reusability of the existing ports and the newly added ports is ensured, and interference between the DMRS signals corresponding to the existing DMRS ports and the DMRS signals corresponding to the newly added ports is minimized.

In one possible way, the first sequence and the second sequence may be mask sequences.

In one possible manner, the first sequence and the second sequence may be orthogonal mask sequences.

In one possible manner, the first sequence set includes a plurality of orthogonal mask sequences, the second sequence set includes a plurality of orthogonal mask sequences, the plurality of sequences included in the first sequence set are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of sequences included in the second sequence set are orthogonal to each other.

In one example, the first sequence and the second sequence exhibit low cross-correlation.

In one possible approach, low cross-correlation between sequences may be characterized by a cross-correlation coefficient, e.g., the cross-correlation coefficient between the first sequence and the second sequence is less than or equal to a first threshold.

As yet another example, the cross-correlation coefficient may be determined using a vector of elements of the sequence, e.g., the cross-correlation coefficient may be calculated by,

wherein ρ is a cross-correlation coefficient, L ₁ 、L ₂ May be a vector of sequence elements of two sequences to be calculated, H may represent a conjugate transpose representation pair matrix L ₂ Or vector L ₂ Conjugate transpose, L _1· L ₂ Representing vector L ₁ Sum vector L ₂ Multiplying.

As yet another example, the sequence length of the first sequence is different from the sequence length of the second sequence, and may be expressed as a multiple relationship. In yet another example, the second sequence may have a sequence length that is three times the sequence length of the first sequence. The sequence length may be determined according to the number of elements included in the sequence.

As yet another example, the first sequence may be a sequence corresponding to an existing port and the second sequence may be a sequence corresponding to a newly added port.

The technical scheme provides the representation of the cross correlation between the sequences, and provides a calculation mode thereof, in addition, sequences with different lengths are designed to generate different reference signals, the same block of resources are multiplexed, the number of ports is increased, and lower interference between ports is ensured.

In one possible manner, when the first sequence set includes at least two sequences, the sequences included in the first sequence set are orthogonal in pairs, and when the second sequence set includes at least two sequences, the sequences included in the second sequence set are orthogonal in pairs.

The technical scheme ensures orthogonality among sequences in each sequence set, namely, the DMRS signals corresponding to the existing ports are free from interference between every two, and the DMRS signals corresponding to the newly added ports are free from interference between every two.

In another possible manner, a cross-correlation coefficient between any sequence in the first sequence set and any sequence in the first subset of the second sequence set is zero, and an average value of a plurality of values formed by the cross-correlation coefficient between any sequence included in the second sequence set and other than the first subset is less than or equal to a second threshold.

It will be appreciated that a cross-correlation coefficient of zero between any sequence of the first set of sequences and any sequence of the first subset of the second set of sequences may also be understood as being orthogonal between any sequence of the first set of sequences and any sequence of the first subset of the second set of sequences.

In a possible manner, the cross-correlation coefficient between any sequence of the first set of sequences and any sequence of the second set of sequences other than the first subset is less than or equal to the second threshold, i.e. each sequence of the first set of sequences and any sequence of the second set of sequences other than the first subset exhibits a low cross-correlation.

In a possible manner, the second threshold value may be

It should be understood that the first threshold and the second threshold may be configured by a higher layer or may be predefined, and the present application is not limited in this respect.

As a possible example, the first subset may comprise half of the sequences of the second set of sequences, i.e. any sequence of the first set of sequences is mutually orthogonal to half of the sequences of the second set of sequences with low cross-correlation to the remaining half of the sequences.

According to the technical scheme, on the basis of ensuring low cross correlation between the existing port and the newly added port, the mutual orthogonality between the DMRS signal corresponding to the existing port and the DMRS signal corresponding to half of the newly added port is further realized, so that the minimum damage to the channel estimation performance is ensured.

In another possible manner, the reference signal sequence of the second reference signal may satisfy the following relationship:

reference signal sequence of second reference signalElements mapped on kth subcarrier and the ith symbolThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K isThe total number of subcarriers occupied in the frequency domain is 0 or 1, beta is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements included in the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is an element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, c (t) is a block sequence, and t satisfies t=floor (k/(I/2)).

In another possible manner, the sequences comprised by the second set of sequences may be generated from a first matrix and a second matrix. One possible way is to generate according to the following formula:

wherein,

an example of a length 12 mask sequence generated according to this formula is shown in Table 3 and may include

Or alternatively

As an example, a length 12 mask sequence generated according to the formula is shown in table 4, and may include:

or alternativelyAn example of a length 12 mask sequence generated according to this formula is shown in Table 5May include:

{1,j,1,j,1,j,1,j,1,j,1,j}，

{1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j}，

{1,j,1,j,1,j,-1,-j,-1,-j,-1,-j}，

{1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,-1,j,-1,j,-1,j}，

in another possible way, the generation is according to the following formula:

As an example, a length 12 mask sequence generated according to the formula is shown in table 10, and may include:

or,

as an example, a length 12 mask sequence generated according to the formula is shown in table 11, and may include:

in another possible way, a mask sequence of length 8 is generated as shown in tables 14, 15, 16.

The technical scheme provides a generation mode of the mask sequence and elements specifically contained in the mask sequence, and provides a basis for application of the mask sequence.

In a possible manner, when the length of the mask sequence is 12, the first resource includes 4 resource elements REs, the first time domain resource includes 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource includes 2 continuous subcarriers, the second resource includes 12 REs, the second resource includes the 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource includes 6 continuous subcarriers, and the first frequency domain resource is a subset of the second frequency domain resource, that is, when the DMRS sequence corresponding to the existing port and the DMRS sequence corresponding to the newly added port are mapped, a part of the frequency domain resources are multiplexed.

In another possible manner, the first resource includes 4 resource elements REs, the first time domain resource includes 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource includes 2 consecutive subcarriers, the second resource includes 8 REs, the second time domain resource includes 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource includes 4 consecutive subcarriers, and the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is null, that is, when the DMRS sequence corresponding to the existing port and the DMRS sequence corresponding to the newly added port are mapped, the frequency domain resource is not multiplexed.

The time domain resource may be a first symbol, which may include one symbol or a plurality of symbols.

The frequency domain resource may be a subcarrier.

That is, the sequence element corresponding to the newly added port may or may not multiplex the resource mapped by the sequence element corresponding to the existing port.

The technical scheme provides the use mode of the existing port and the newly added port for the resource, and the resources can be separated and multiplexed, so that the flexibility of the resource use is improved.

In a possible manner, elements included in any sequence in the first sequence set are in one-to-one correspondence with resource elements RE included in the first resource, elements included in any sequence in the second sequence set are in one-to-one correspondence with REs included in the second resource,

that is, taking 12 REs consisting of 6 continuous subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols as an example of resources to be mapped, taking a sequence with a length of 12 as an example, 12 elements included in any sequence are mapped on 12 REs in turn; taking a sequence with length of 8 as an example, 8 elements included in any sequence are mapped onto 8 REs out of 4 REs occupied by the existing port in turn.

The technical scheme provides the mapping method of the elements on the resources, the elements included in one mask sequence are distributed on a plurality of REs, the joint noise reduction effect of the REs can be obtained, and the channel estimation accuracy is improved.

In a second aspect, a method of transmitting a reference signal is provided, the method may include: receiving a first reference signal on a first resource; and receiving a second reference signal on a second resource, wherein the first resource corresponds to a first time domain resource and a first frequency domain resource, the second resource corresponds to the first time domain resource and a second frequency domain resource, and the first frequency domain resource is smaller than the second frequency domain resource.

It should be understood that the first reference signal and the second reference signal may represent one or more reference signal symbols, where the one or more reference signal symbols are mapped on one or more time-frequency resources, and the reference signal may correspond to one or more ports, which is not limited in this disclosure.

In a possible manner, the first threshold value may be

In one possible way, the low cross-correlation may be characterized by a cross-correlation coefficient, e.g., the cross-correlation coefficient between the first sequence and the second sequence is less than or equal to a first threshold.

as yet another example, the sequence length of the first sequence is different from the sequence length of the second sequence, and may be expressed as a multiple relationship. As yet another example, the second sequence may have a sequence length that is three times the sequence length of the first sequence. The sequence length may be determined according to the number of elements included in the sequence.

The technical scheme provides the representation of the cross correlation between the sequences, and provides a calculation mode thereof, in addition, sequences with different lengths are designed to generate different reference signals, the same block of resources are multiplexed, the number of ports is increased, and lower interference between the ports is ensured.

In a possible manner, the second threshold value may be

It should be understood that the first threshold and the second threshold may be configured by a higher layer, or may be defined manually, which is not limited by the present application.

As a possible example, the first subset may comprise half of the sequences in the second set of sequences.

That is, any one sequence in the first set of sequences is orthogonal to one half of the sequences in the second set of sequences, with low cross-correlation with the remaining half of the sequences.

According to the technical scheme, on the basis of ensuring low cross correlation between the existing port and the newly added port, the mutual orthogonality between the DMRS signal corresponding to the existing port and the DMRS signal corresponding to half of the newly added port is further realized, so that the minimum loss of channel estimation performance is ensured.

In another possible manner, the reference signal sequences of the second reference signals may respectively satisfy the following relationships:

In another possible manner, when the second sequence set includes a sequence that is a mask sequence, the sequence may be generated according to a first matrix and a second matrix.

One possible way is to generate according to the following formula:

wherein,

Or alternatively

or alternativelyAs an example, a length 12 mask sequence generated according to the formula is shown in table 5, and may include:

{1,j,1,j,1,j,1,j,1,j,1,j}，

{1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j}，

{1,j,1,j,1,j,-1,-j,-1,-j,-1,-j}，

{1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,-1,j,-1,j,-1,j}，

in another possible way, the generation is according to the following formula:

or,

In another possible manner, the number of elements included in the second sequence is 8, the first resource includes 4 resource elements REs, the first time domain resource includes 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource includes 2 continuous subcarriers, the second resource includes 8 REs, the second time domain resource includes the 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource includes 4 continuous subcarriers, and the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is null, that is, when the DMRS sequence corresponding to the existing port and the DMRS sequence corresponding to the newly added port are mapped, the frequency domain resource is not multiplexed.

The frequency domain resource may be a subcarrier.

In a third aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, comprising a processing unit configured to determine a first resource and a second resource; and the receiving and transmitting unit is used for transmitting a first reference signal on a first resource and transmitting a second reference signal on a second resource, wherein the first resource comprises a first time domain resource on a time domain and a first frequency domain resource on a frequency domain, the second resource comprises the first time domain resource on the time domain and the second frequency domain resource on the frequency domain, and the first frequency domain resource is a part of the second frequency domain resource or the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is null. .

In one possible manner, the first sequence belongs to a first sequence set, the second sequence belongs to a second sequence set, the first sequence set comprises at least one sequence, the second sequence set comprises at least one sequence, the first sequence set comprises the same number of elements, and the second sequence set comprises the same number of elements.

In one possible manner, when the first sequence set includes at least two sequences and the second sequence set includes at least two sequences, the sequences included in the first sequence set are orthogonal in pairs, and the sequences included in the second sequence set are orthogonal in pairs.

In one possible manner, the second sequence includes 12 elements.

In a possible manner, the reference signal sequence of the second reference signalElements mapped on kth subcarrier and the ith symbolThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K is Subcarriers occupied in frequency domainThe sum, l is 0 or 1, β is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements comprised by the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is the element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, c (t) is the block sequence, t satisfies t=floor (k/(I/2)).

In one possible manner, any sequence included in the first sequence set is orthogonal to any sequence included in the first subset included in the second sequence set.

In one possible manner, the first subset includes sequences that are half of the sequences included in the second set of sequences.

In one possible manner, the sequences included in the second sequence set are used as a matrix formed by row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein w is _k For a row vector corresponding to a kth sequence contained in the second sequence set, k is an integer from 0 to N-1, and b satisfies the following relationship:

or,

wherein w is _k And k is an integer from 0 to N-1, which is a row vector corresponding to the kth sequence contained in the second sequence set.

In a possible manner, the first resource includes 4 resource elements REs, the first time domain resource includes 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource includes 2 consecutive subcarriers, the second resource includes 12 REs, the second resource includes the 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource includes 6 consecutive subcarriers, and the first frequency domain resource is a subset of the second frequency domain resource.

In one possible manner, the second sequence includes 8 elements.

In a possible manner, the first resource includes 4 resource elements REs, the first time domain resource includes 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource includes 2 consecutive subcarriers, the second resource includes 8 REs, the second resource corresponds to the 2 OFDM symbols, and the second frequency domain resource includes 4 consecutive subcarriers.

In a possible manner, elements included in any sequence in the first sequence set are in one-to-one correspondence with resource elements RE included in the first resource, and elements included in any sequence in the second sequence set are in one-to-one correspondence with REs included in the second resource.

In a fourth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, the apparatus may include a transceiver unit to receive a first reference signal on a first resource and a second reference signal on a second resource; and the processing unit is used for detecting the channel according to the reference signal, wherein the first resource comprises a first time domain resource in a time domain and a first frequency domain resource in a frequency domain, the second resource comprises the first time domain resource in the time domain and the second frequency domain resource in the frequency domain, and the first frequency domain resource is a part of the second frequency domain resource or the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is empty. .

In one possible manner, the second sequence includes 12 elements.

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K is The total number of subcarriers occupied in the frequency domain is 0 or 1, beta is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements included in the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is an element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, c (t) is a block sequence, and t satisfies t=floor (k/(I/2)).

In a possible manner, the first subset includes sequences that are half of the sequences included in the second set of sequences.

One possible way is characterized in that the matrix is formed by taking the sequences included in the second sequence set as row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

or,

In one possible manner, the second sequence includes 8 elements.

It should be appreciated that the extensions, limitations, explanations and illustrations of the related content in the first aspect described above also apply to the same content in the second, third and fourth aspects.

In a fifth aspect, an apparatus is provided that includes a processor. The processor is coupled to the memory and operable to execute instructions in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of the first aspect or, the second aspect or any of the first aspects or any of the second aspects or all of the first aspects or all of the possible implementations of the second aspect. Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a memory. Optionally, the apparatus further comprises an interface circuit, the processor being coupled to the interface circuit.

In a sixth aspect, there is provided a processor comprising: input circuit, output circuit and processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive a signal via the input circuit and to transmit a signal via the output circuit, such that the processor performs the method of the first aspect or, the second aspect, or any of the first aspects, or any of the second aspects, or all of the first aspects, or all of the possible implementations of the second aspect.

In a specific implementation process, the processor may be a chip, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a trigger, various logic circuits, and the like. The input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example and without limitation, a receiver, the output signal may be output by, for example and without limitation, a transmitter and transmitted by a transmitter, and the input circuit and the output circuit may be the same circuit, which functions as the input circuit and the output circuit, respectively, at different times. The embodiment of the application does not limit the specific implementation modes of the processor and various circuits.

In a seventh aspect, a processing apparatus is provided that includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory and is configured to receive a signal via the receiver and to transmit a signal via the transmitter to perform the method of the first aspect or, the second aspect or any of the first aspects or any of the second aspects or all of the first aspects or all of the possible implementations of the second aspect.

The processing means in the seventh aspect may be a chip, and the processor may be implemented by hardware or software, and when implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like; when implemented in software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, implemented by reading software code stored in a memory, which may be integrated in the processor, or may reside outside the processor, and exist separately.

In an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising: a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions) which, when executed, causes a computer to perform the method of the first aspect or the second aspect, or any of the first aspects, or any of the second aspects, or all of the first aspects, or all of the possible implementations of the second aspect, described above.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium storing a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions) which when run on a computer causes the computer to perform the method of the first aspect or, the second aspect, or any of the first aspects, or any of the second aspects, or all of the possible implementations of the first aspect, or all of the possible implementations of the second aspect, described above.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a pilot pattern of two configuration types in the current standard.

Fig. 3, fig. 5, and fig. 8 show several examples of DMRS patterns provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 4, 6 and 7 show several examples of sequence element mapping patterns provided by the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a reference signal transmission scheme according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of an interactive system suitable for a reference signal transmission scheme according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Wireless communication systems mentioned in embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to: global system for mobile communications (Global System of Mobile communication, GSM), code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA) system, wideband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) system, general packet radio service (General Packet Radio Service, GPRS), long Term Evolution (LTE) system, long term evolution-advanced (LTE-a) system, LTE frequency division duplex (Frequency Division Duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (Time Division Duplex, TDD), universal mobile communication system (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System, UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, wiMAX) communication system, fifth generation (5G) communication system, a convergence system of multiple access systems, or three major application scenarios of evolution system, 5G mobile communication system, embbb, URLLC, and eMTC or new communication systems in the future.

The network device according to the embodiment of the present application may be any device having a wireless transceiver function or a chip that may be disposed on the device, where the device includes, but is not limited to: an evolved Node B (eNB), a radio network controller (Radio Network Controller, RNC), a Node B (Node B, NB), a base station controller (Base Station Controller, BSC), a base transceiver station (Base Transceiver Station, BTS), a Home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or Home Node B, HNB), a Base Band Unit (BBU), an Access Point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WIFI) system, a wireless relay Node, a wireless backhaul Node, a transmission Point (transmission Point, TP), or a transmission reception Point (transmission and reception Point, TRP), or a remote radio head (remote radio head, RRH), etc., may also be 5G, e.g., an NR, a gNB in a system, or a transmission Point (TRP or TP), an antenna panel of a base station or a group (including multiple antenna panels) of base stations in a 5G system, or may also be a network Node, e.g., a Unit (BBU), or a distributed Unit (BBU), etc., a DU, constituting a gcb or a transmission Point.

In some deployments, the gNB may include a Centralized Unit (CU) and DUs. The gNB may also include an active antenna unit (active antenna unit, abbreviated as AAU). The CU implements part of the functionality of the gNB and the DU implements part of the functionality of the gNB. For example, the CU is responsible for handling non-real time protocols and services, implementing the functions of the radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC), packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer. The DUs are responsible for handling physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing the functions of the radio link control (radio link control, RLC), medium access control (media access control, MAC) and Physical (PHY) layers. The AAU realizes part of physical layer processing function, radio frequency processing and related functions of the active antenna. Since the information of the RRC layer may eventually become information of the PHY layer or be converted from the information of the PHY layer, under this architecture, higher layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, may also be considered to be transmitted by the DU or by the du+aau. It is understood that the network device may be a device comprising one or more of a CU node, a DU node, an AAU node. In addition, the CU may be divided into network devices in an access network (radio access network, RAN), or may be divided into network devices in a Core Network (CN), which the present application is not limited to.

The network device may illustratively be a scheduling device, in which case the network device may include, for example, but is not limited to: LTE base station eNB, NR base station gNB, operator, etc., the functions of which may include, for example: the uplink and downlink resources are arranged, and downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI) is transmitted in the base station scheduling mode. The network device may also serve as a transmitting device, for example, in which case the network device may include, but is not limited to: TRP, RRH, the functions of which may for example comprise: and performing downlink signal transmission and uplink signal reception.

The terminal device according to the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a User Equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user equipment. The terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiving function, a wearable device, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in unmanned driving (self driving), a wireless terminal in remote medical (remote medical), a wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transportation security (transportation safety), a wireless terminal in smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), or the like. The embodiment of the application does not limit the application scene. The terminal device and the chip which can be arranged on the terminal device are collectively called as a terminal device in the present application.

The functions of the terminal device may include, for example, but not limited to: the reception of the downlink/sidelink signal and/or the transmission of the uplink/sidelink signal are performed.

The application takes the physical downlink control channel PDCCH as an example to describe the downlink control channel, takes the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH as an example to describe the downlink data channel, takes the carrier as an example to describe the frequency domain unit, takes the time slot as an example to describe the time unit in the 5G system, and the time slot involved in the application can also be transmission time interval TTI and/or time unit and/or subframe and/or mini time slot.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system for transmitting information using the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the communication system 100 includes a network device 102, and the network device 102 may include multiple antennas, such as antennas 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, and 114. In addition, network device 102 may additionally include a transmitter chain and a receiver chain, each of which may include a number of components (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, antennas, etc.) related to signal transmission and reception, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art.

Network device 102 may communicate with a plurality of terminal devices (e.g., terminal device 116 and terminal device 122). However, it is to be appreciated that network device 102 can communicate with any number of terminal devices similar to terminal devices 116 or 122. Terminal devices 116 and 122 can be, for example, cellular telephones, smart phones, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radios, global positioning systems, PDAs, and/or any other suitable device for communicating over wireless communication system 100.

As shown in fig. 1, terminal device 116 is in communication with antennas 112 and 114, where antennas 112 and 114 transmit information to terminal device 116 over forward link 118 and receive information from terminal device 116 over reverse link 120. In addition, terminal device 122 is in communication with antennas 104 and 106, where antennas 104 and 106 transmit information to terminal device 122 over forward link 124 and receive information from terminal device 122 over reverse link 126.

For example, in a frequency division duplex (FDD, frequency Division Duplex) system, forward link 118 can use a different frequency band than reverse link 120, and forward link 124 can use a different frequency band than reverse link 126, for example.

As another example, in time division Duplex (TDD, time Division Duplex) and Full Duplex (Full Duplex) systems, forward link 118 and reverse link 120 can utilize a common frequency band and forward link 124 and reverse link 126 can utilize a common frequency band.

Each antenna (or group of antennas) and/or area designed for communication is referred to as a sector of network device 102. For example, antenna groups can be designed to communicate to terminal devices in a sector of the areas covered by network device 102. During communication of network device 102 with terminal devices 116 and 122 via forward links 118 and 124, respectively, the transmit antennas of network device 102 may utilize beamforming to improve signal-to-noise ratio of forward links 118 and 124. Furthermore, mobile devices in neighboring cells may experience less interference when network device 102 transmits signals to terminal devices 116 and 122 that are randomly dispersed throughout the area of the associated coverage using beamforming, than when the network device transmits signals to all its terminal devices through a single antenna.

At a given time, network device 102, terminal device 116, or terminal device 122 can be a wireless communication transmitting device and/or a wireless communication receiving device. When transmitting data, the wireless communication transmitting device may encode the data for transmission. Specifically, the wireless communication transmitting apparatus may acquire (e.g., generate, receive from other communication apparatuses, or save in memory, etc.) a number of data bits to be transmitted to the wireless communication receiving apparatus through the channel. Such data bits may be contained in a transport block (or multiple transport blocks) of data, which may be segmented to produce multiple code blocks.

In addition, the communication system 100 may be a public land mobile network (Public Land Mobile Network may be called in english, abbreviated as PLMN) network, a D2D network, an M2M network, or other networks, fig. 1 is merely a simplified schematic diagram, and other network devices may be included in the network, which are not shown in fig. 1.

In the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting device may be the above-mentioned network device 102 or a terminal device (for example, the terminal device 116 or the terminal device 122), and the corresponding receiving device may be the above-mentioned terminal device (for example, the terminal device 116 or the terminal device 122) or the network device 102.

It can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the DMRS is taken as an example for signal transmission, and other signal types suitable for the embodiment of the present application are all within the scope of protection of the present application, which is not particularly limited.

In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following description will first be made briefly with respect to terms and contexts involved in the present application.

1. Antenna port (antenna port)

The antenna ports are simply referred to as ports. It is understood as a transmitting antenna identified by the receiving end or a transmitting antenna that is spatially distinguishable. One antenna port may be configured for each virtual antenna, which may be a weighted combination of multiple physical antennas. The antenna ports may be divided into reference signal ports and data ports according to the difference of the carried signals. Among them, reference signal ports include, for example, but not limited to, demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference signal, DMRS) ports, channel state information reference signal (channel state information reference signal, CSI-RS) ports, and the like.

The application comprises the existing port and the newly added port, wherein the existing port refers to the port in the existing protocol or the port supporting the technical scheme in the existing protocol; the newly added port refers to a port capable of supporting the technical scheme of the application.

2. Time-frequency resource

In the embodiment of the application, the data or information can be carried by time-frequency resources, wherein the time-frequency resources can comprise resources on a time domain and resources on a frequency domain. Where in the time domain, the time-frequency resource may comprise one or more time-domain units (alternatively referred to as time units, time units), and in the frequency domain, the time-frequency resource may comprise one or more frequency-domain units.

Where a time domain unit may be one symbol or several symbols (e.g., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) symbols), or a mini-slot (mini-slot), or a slot (slot), or a subframe (subframe), where a subframe may have a duration of 1 millisecond (ms) in the time domain, a slot may be composed of 7 or 14 symbols, and a mini-slot may include at least one symbol (e.g., 2 symbols or 7 symbols or 14 symbols, or any number of symbols less than or equal to 14 symbols). The above-mentioned time domain unit sizes are merely for convenience of understanding the solution of the present application, and are not limited to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application, and it is understood that the above-mentioned time domain unit sizes may be other values, and the present application is not limited thereto.

A frequency domain unit may be a Resource Block (RB), or a subcarrier (subcarrier), or a resource block group (resource block group, RBG), or a predefined subband (subband), or a precoding resource block group (precoding resource block group, PRG), or a bandwidth part (BWP), or a Resource Element (RE), or a carrier, or a serving cell.

The transmission unit mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may include any one of the following: for example, the transmission unit mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be replaced by a time domain unit, a frequency domain unit, or a time-frequency unit, which may also be replaced by a frequency domain unit, or a time-frequency unit. As another example, the transmission unit may also be replaced with a transmission opportunity. Wherein the time domain unit may comprise one or more OFDM symbols, or the time domain unit may comprise one or more slots, etc. The frequency domain unit may include one or more RBs, or the frequency domain unit may include one or more subcarriers, or the like.

3. Space layer

For spatial multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output MIMO systems, multiple parallel data streams can be transmitted simultaneously on the same time-frequency resource, and each data stream is called a spatial layer or spatial stream.

4. Demodulation reference signal (DMRS)

The DMRS is used to estimate an equivalent channel matrix experienced by a data channel (e.g., PDSCH) or a control channel (e.g., PDCCH), thereby being used for detection and demodulation of data. Taking the data channel PDSCH as an example, the DMRS is usually precoded identically to the transmitted data signal, so as to ensure that the DMRS and the data experience the same equivalent channel. Assuming that the DMRS vector sent by the sending end is s, the sent data symbol vector is x, the DMRS performs the same precoding operation (multiplies by the same precoding matrix P) with the data, and the corresponding received signal vector of the receiving end can be expressed as

Data:

DMRS：

for both the data signal and the reference signal, the experienced equivalent channels areThe receiving end can obtain equivalent channels by utilizing channel estimation algorithm (such as least square LS channel estimation, minimum mean square error MMSE channel estimation and the like) based on the known DMRS vector sIs a function of the estimate of (2). MIMO equalization and subsequent demodulation of the data signal may be accomplished based on the equivalent channel.

Since DMRS is used to estimate equivalent channel Its dimension is N _R X R, where N _R For the number of receive antennas, R is the transport stream number (rank). Generally, one DMRS port corresponds to one spatial layer. For MIMO transmission with a number of transmission streams R, the number of DMRS ports required is R. To ensure the quality of the channel estimation, the different DMRS ports are typically orthogonal ports. DMRS symbols corresponding to different DMRS ports are orthogonal in the frequency domain, time-frequency domain or code domain. At present, 5G NR supports 2 DMRS resource mapping types. For a Type 1 (Type 1) DMRS, a maximum of 8 orthogonal ports can be supported; for a Type 2 (Type 2) DMRS, a maximum of 12 orthogonal ports may be supported. Thus, at present, NR can only support MIMO transmission of 12 streams at maximum.

DMRS is an important reference signal for detection by the receiving end. The DMRS is transmitted together with a data channel (PDSCH) of the transmission. The NR DMRS ports are orthogonal DMRS ports, i.e. the DMRS symbols corresponding to different DMRS ports are frequency division multiplexed and/or code division multiplexed. For one DMRS port, in order to perform channel estimation on different time-frequency resources, to ensure channel estimation quality, multiple DMRS symbols need to be sent in multiple time-frequency resources.

Next, a method for transmitting and receiving DMRS according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 9.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the sending device (for example, the first sending device) may be a network device (for example, an access network device) or a terminal device, and the present application is not particularly limited, and when the sending device is a network device, actions performed by the network device in the following description may be performed; when the transmitting device is a terminal device, actions performed by the terminal device in the following description may be performed.

Similarly, the receiving device (e.g., the first receiving device) may be a network device (e.g., an access network device) or a terminal device, and the present application is not particularly limited, and when the receiving device is a network device, actions performed by the network device in the following description may be performed; when the receiving device is a terminal device, actions performed by the terminal device in the following description may be performed.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic interaction diagram of a method 200 for transceiving reference signals according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, at S210, a transmitting apparatus #a (i.e., an example of a first transmitting apparatus) generates a DMRS #a (i.e., an example of a first DMRS). The process of generating dmrs#a may be similar to the prior art, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted herein to avoid redundancy.

It should be understood that the steps shown in fig. 9 are by way of example and not limitation.

In the embodiment of the present application, the dmrs#a is a DMRS of a type #a (i.e., an example of the first type).

Thereafter, the transmitting device #a may determine an antenna port of the DMRS #a, hereinafter, for ease of understanding and distinction, it is noted that: antenna port #a. The antenna port #a is only for corresponding to the DMRS #a, and the number of antenna ports is not limited, that is, the antenna port #a may represent one or more antenna ports.

By way of example, but not limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna port of the DMRS may be determined by the network device and issued to the terminal device by RRC signaling, MAC signaling, physical layer signaling (such as DCI signaling), or the like. Thus, when the transmitting device #a is a network device, the transmitting device #a can determine the antenna port #a by itself; when the transmitting device #a is a terminal device, the transmitting device #a may determine the antenna port #a according to an instruction of a network device to which it is connected.

The antenna port #a is an antenna port which can be supported by the transmitting apparatus #a, and includes an existing port and a newly added port. For the newly added port, the UE may report the capability of supporting the newly added port, and the network device may allocate a port to the UE based on the reported capability.

The antenna port of the first DMRS is determined from all antenna ports supported by the transmitting device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting device can support a plurality of antenna ports, specifically, can support transmitting signals (for example, DMRS) through each of the plurality of antenna ports.

In the prior art, each type of DMRS can only transmit through the antenna port corresponding to that type of DMRS. The antenna port of the DMRS may correspond to an antenna port index, and the antenna port corresponding to the DMRS may be 0,1,2, …..11, or may be 1000, 1001, 1002, …..1011. Or the antenna port index corresponding to the DMRS may be 0,1,2, …,11, or the antenna port index corresponding to the DMRS may be 1000, 1001, 1002, …,1011.

In contrast, in the embodiment of the present application, each type of DMRS can transmit through any one of all antenna ports supported by the transmitting apparatus.

That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna ports in the configuration pattern may not be bound to the type of DMRS, or, each type of DMRS may be transmitted through any antenna port in the configuration pattern.

It should be appreciated that the configuration pattern may be a formula, table, or illustration of a rule characterizing the sequence elements and the time-frequency resource mapping, as the application is not limited in this regard. It should also be appreciated that the configuration pattern may be indicated by the network device or may be predefined, as the application is not limited in this regard.

As an example and not by way of limitation, for example, assuming that the configuration pattern may include a time-frequency resource corresponding to each of 8 antenna ports with antenna port indexes a to h, the transmitting device #a may support all antenna ports in the configuration pattern. The transmitting apparatus #a may transmit the DMRS #a using the antenna ports a and b in one period and transmit the DMRS #a using the antenna ports e and f in another period.

Further, if the transmitting apparatus #a is a network apparatus, the transmitting apparatus #a may notify the receiving apparatus of the antenna port index and/or the number of antenna ports used by the DMRS #a through RRC signaling, MAC signaling, physical layer signaling, or the like.

If the transmitting device #a is a terminal device, the transmitting device #a may determine an antenna port index and/or the number of antenna ports used by the DMRS #a by receiving RRC signaling, MAC signaling, physical layer signaling, or the like, where the antenna port index and/or the number of antenna ports used by the DMRS #a are determined by the network device and notified to the terminal device. It should be noted that, the terminal device needs to report the maximum number of antenna ports or the maximum number of layers that can be supported by the device to the network device in advance, so that the network device can determine the number of antenna ports or the number of antenna ports that can be supported by the terminal device.

Also, in S210, the receiving device (i.e., an example of the first receiving device, hereinafter, for convenience of understanding and explanation, referred to as a receiving device #a) of the DMRS #a may determine the antenna port #a, and the process of determining the antenna port #a by the receiving device #a may be similar to the process of determining the antenna port #a by the transmitting device #a, i.e., when the receiving device #a is a network device, the receiving device #a may determine the antenna port #a by itself; when the receiving device #a is a terminal device, the receiving device #a may determine the antenna port #a according to an instruction of a network device to which it is connected.

At S220, the transmitting apparatus #a may search for a configuration pattern based on the antenna port #a, thereby determining a time-frequency resource (i.e., an example of a first time-frequency resource, hereinafter, for convenience of understanding and explanation, referred to as a time-frequency resource #a) corresponding to the antenna port #a, mapping the DMRS #a onto the time-frequency resource #a, and transmitting the DMRS #a through the antenna port #a.

As described above, the system time-frequency resource (or the time-frequency resource included in the configuration pattern) may be divided into a plurality of basic time-frequency resource units (for example, one or more RBs or one or more REs), and the time-frequency resource #a may be located on all basic time-frequency resource units in the system time-frequency resource or may be located on a part of basic time-frequency resource units in the system time-frequency resource, for example, the time-frequency resource #a may be located on one or more RBs in the system time-frequency resource.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, all or part of the time-frequency resources (for example, all or part of REs) having the time-frequency resource #a bear one or more other DMRSs (for example, DMRS #b and/or DMRS #c described later) in addition to the DMRS #a, hereinafter, for convenience of understanding and distinguishing, a part or all of the time-frequency resources bearing at least two types of DMRSs on the time-frequency resource #a are described as: time-frequency resource #a1.

In this case, the dmrs#a and the other one or more DMRS may use, for example, a code division multiplexing method to multiplex the time-frequency resource #a1.

Thus, in the embodiment of the present application, the transmitting apparatus #a may determine a code resource (e.g., CDM code, hereinafter, for ease of understanding and distinction, referred to as code resource #a) corresponding to the DMRS #a. The "code resource corresponding to dmrs#a" may be understood as that dmrs#a is multiplexed on time-frequency resource #a1 based on the code resource #a.

By way of example, and not limitation, in an embodiment of the present application, the maximum number of DMRS ports multiplexed on the same time-frequency resource may be determined based on the length of the code resource, for example, if the length of the code resource is 4, the maximum may support 4 DMRS multiplexing in the same time-frequency resource, and if the length of the code resource is 8, the maximum may support 8 DMRS multiplexing in the same time-frequency resource.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the code resource corresponding to each DMRS may be determined by the network device (which may be a transmitting device or a receiving device of the DMRS) and notified to the terminal device (which may be a transmitting device or a receiving device of the DMRS). Alternatively, the code resource corresponding to each DMRS may be preset, and the code resource corresponding to each DMRS corresponds to the DMRS port index.

For another example, in the embodiment of the present application, the code resource corresponding to each type of DMRS may be specified by the communication system or the communication protocol, so that the code resource corresponding to the DMRS may be determined according to the type of the DMRS actually transmitted and/or the port index corresponding to the DMRS actually transmitted.

It should be understood that the above-listed method for determining the code resource is only exemplary, and the present application is not limited thereto, and the method for determining the code resource according to the embodiment of the present application may be similar to the prior art, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted for avoiding redundancy.

The code resource #a is orthogonal to code resources (e.g., CDM codes) corresponding to other DMRSs (e.g., DMRS #b and/or DMRS #c described below) carried on the time-frequency resource #a1. Thus, the transmitting apparatus #a may further reuse the DMRS #a on the time-frequency resource #a1 based on the code resource #a.

Also, in S220, the receiving device #a may search for a configuration pattern based on the antenna port #a, thereby determining a time-frequency resource #a corresponding to the antenna port #a, and receive the DMRS #a through the time-frequency resource #a, and a process of determining the time-frequency resource #a by the receiving device #a may be similar to a process of determining the time-frequency resource #a by the transmitting device #a, and herein, a detailed description thereof is omitted for avoiding redundancy.

In addition, the receiving device #a may determine the code resource #a and acquire the DMRS #a from the time-frequency resource #a1 based on the code resource #a, and the process of determining the code resource #a by the receiving device #a may be similar to the process of determining the code resource #a by the transmitting device #a, and detailed description thereof is omitted for avoiding redundancy.

If the code resource #a is used for the time-frequency resource #a1, the same code resource #a may be used for other time-frequency resources than the time-frequency resource #a1 in the time-frequency resource #a.

It should be understood that the sequences in the present application may be used for DMRS, and may also be used for other reference signals, such as CSI-RS, CRS, SRS, etc., which is not limited in this respect.

The DMRS may occupy at least 1 OFDM symbol in the time domain, and the bandwidth occupied in the frequency domain is the same as the scheduling bandwidth of the scheduled data signal. The plurality of DMRS symbols corresponding to one port correspond to one DMRS base sequence, and one DMRS base sequence includes a plurality of DMRS base sequence elements. Taking the DMRS base sequence corresponding to the existing port as an example, the nth element in the DMRS base sequence may be generated by the following formula:

The DMRS base sequence r (n) generated based on the gold sequence may satisfy the following formula:

wherein c (n) is a pseudo-random sequence, and the generation formula is:

wherein N is _C ＝1600，x ₁ (n) can be initialized to x ₁ (0)＝1,x ₁ (n)＝0,n＝1,2,...,30，x ₂ The initialization of (n) satisfies:ci _n i _t defined as the following form:

where l is an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) symbol index within one slot,for a slot index within one system frame,n is the number of OFDM symbols in one time slot _ID ⁰ ,N _ID ¹ E {0,1,2,3,4,5,6, … … }, the values are integers, and can be configured by high-layer signaling.In connection with cell ID (identification), may be generally equal to the cell ID.To initialize the parameters, the values may be 0 or 1. Lambda represents a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group index corresponding to the DMRS port.

In the embodiment of the present application, the OFDM symbol may also be simply referred to as a symbol, and the symbol hereinafter refers to an OFDM symbol if not specifically described.

And after the DMRS base sequence corresponding to one port is multiplied by the corresponding mask sequence, mapping the DMRS base sequence to the corresponding time-frequency resource through a preset time-frequency resource mapping rule. In the current NR protocol, a 2-class DMRS configuration mode is defined, including a Type1DMRS and a Type 2 DMRS.

Illustratively, for an existing port p, the mth element r (m) in the corresponding DMRS base sequence is mapped to an index (k, l) according to the following rule _p,μ Resource Element (RE). Wherein the index is (k, l) _p,μ The RE of (2) corresponds to an OFDM symbol with an index of l in a time slot in the time domain, corresponds to a subcarrier with an index of k in the frequency domain, and the mapping rule satisfies:

p is the index of the DMRS port,is the symbol index of the starting OFDM symbol occupied by the DMRS modulation symbol or the symbol index of the reference OFDM symbol, w _f (k') is a frequency domain mask sequence element, w, corresponding to a subcarrier with index k _t And (l ') is a time domain mask sequence element corresponding to the OFDM symbol with index of l'. μ represents a subcarrier spacing parameter,for the power scaling factor, m=2n+k', Δ is the subcarrier offset factor.

In the application, the reference signal sequence corresponding to the newly added portElements mapped on kth subcarrier and the ith symbolThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K isThe total number of subcarriers occupied in the frequency domain is 0 or 1, beta is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements included in the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is an element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, and the generating method of the base sequence r can be shown as formula (1). c (t) is a block sequence, t satisfying t=floor (k/(I/2)).

Wherein A mod B represents a modulo operation, which is used for representing the remainder obtained by dividing A by B, and can be also denoted as A% B or mod (A, B), and floor (A) represents a rounding-down operation on A, which is used for representing the maximum integer not greater than A.

Each element in the block sequence corresponds to a sequence block formed by a mask sequence with a length of I, as shown in formula (5), and each of I time-frequency resource elements corresponding to consecutive I/2 subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols corresponds to one element in the block sequence. Or the mask sequence w (I) contains I elements, each corresponding to an element in the block sequence. For different sequence blocks, different elements in the sequence of blocks are corresponding. This ensures that the cross-correlation between long sequences of blocks of sequences is low, thereby reducing interference.

In the mapping rule of configuration Type 1 (Type 1 DMRS), w corresponding to the existing DMRS port p _f (k′)、w _t The values of (l') and Δ can be determined from table 1.

Table 1 Type 1DMRS parameter values

It should be understood that table 1 is for illustration only and not limiting.

In a configuration Type 2 (Type 2 DMRS) mapping rule, w corresponding to an existing DMRS port p _f (k′)、w _t The values of (l') and Δ can be determined from Table 2.

Table 2 Type 2 DMRS parameter values

It is to be understood that table 2 is for illustration only and not for limitation.

Wherein λ is an index of a code division multiplexing group (CDM group) to which the existing port p belongs, and time-frequency resources occupied by DMRS ports in the same CDM group are the same.

According to equation (4), the Type1DMRS time-frequency resource mapping manner is shown in fig. 2 (a).

For single symbol DMRS (corresponding to l' =0), a maximum of 4 ports is supported, and the DMRS resource occupies one OFDM symbol. The 4 DMRS ports are divided into 2 code division multiplexing groups, wherein CDM group 0 includes port 0 and port 1; CDM group 1 contains port 2 and port 3.CDM group 0 and CDM group 1 are frequency division multiplexed (mapped on different frequency domain resources). DMRS ports contained within CDM group are mapped on the same time-frequency resource. The reference signal sequences corresponding to the DMRS ports contained in the CDM group are distinguished through the mask sequences, so that orthogonality of the DMRS ports in the CDM group is guaranteed, and interference among the DMRS transmitted on different antenna ports is further suppressed.

Specifically, port 0 and port 1 are located in the same Resource Element (RE), and resource mapping is performed in a comb-tooth manner in the frequency domain. I.e., a subcarrier spacing between adjacent frequency domain resources occupied by port 0 and port 1. For one DMRS port, 2 adjacent REs occupied correspond to one mask sequence of length 2. For example, for subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 2, port 0 and port 1 employ a set of mask sequences (+1+1 and +1-1) of length 2. Similarly, port 2 and port 3 are located within the same RE, and are mapped in comb-teeth fashion in the frequency domain on unoccupied REs for port 0 and port 1. For subcarrier 1 and subcarrier 3, port 2 and port 3 employ a set of mask sequences (+1+1 and +1-1) of length 2.

It should be understood that p in the table of the present application is a port index, a port with a port index of 1000 may be port 0 or port 0, a port with a port index of 1001 may be port 1 or port 1, … …, and a port with a port index of 100X may be port X or port X.

For a dual symbol DMRS (corresponding to l' =0 or 1), a maximum of 8 ports is supported, and the DMRS resource occupies two OFDM symbols. The 8 DMRS ports are divided into 2 CDM groups, where CDM group 0 includes port 0, port 1, port4, and port 5; CDM group1 contains port 2, port 3, port 6, and port 7.CDM group 0 and CDM group1 are frequency division multiplexed. DMRS ports contained within CDM group are mapped on the same time-frequency resource. The reference signal sequences corresponding to DMRS ports contained in CDM group are distinguished by a mask sequence.

Specifically, port 0, port 1, port4 and port 5 are located in the same RE, and resource mapping is performed in a comb-tooth manner in the frequency domain, that is, adjacent frequency domain resources occupied by port 0, port 1, port4 and port 5 are separated by one subcarrier. For one DMRS port, 2 adjacent subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols occupied correspond to a mask sequence of length 4. For example, for subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 2 corresponding to OFDM symbol 0 and OFDM symbol 1, port 0, port 1, port4, and port 5 employ a set of mask sequences of length 4 (+1+1+1+1/+1+1-1/+1-1/+1+1-1/+1-1+1-1+1+1-1+1. Similarly, port 2, port 3, port 6 and port 7 are located within the same RE and are mapped in comb-teeth fashion in the frequency domain on the unoccupied subcarriers of port 0, port 1, port4 and port 5. For subcarrier 1 and subcarrier 3 corresponding to OFDM symbol 0 and OFDM symbol 1, port 2, port 3, port 6, and port 7 employ a set of mask sequences of length 4 (+1+1+1+1/+1+1-1/+1-1+1/+1-1+1+1.

For the Type 2 DMRS, the time-frequency resource mapping manner is shown in fig. 2 (b).

For single symbol DMRS, a maximum of 6 ports is supported, and the DMRS resource occupies one OFDM symbol. The 6 DMRS ports are divided into 3 CDM groups, where CDM group 0 includes port 0 and port 1; CDM group 1 contains port2 and port 3; CDM group 2 contains port 4 and port 5. The CDM groups are frequency division multiplexed, and DMRS corresponding to the DMRS ports contained in the CDM groups are mapped on the same time-frequency resource. The reference signal sequences corresponding to DMRS ports contained in CDM group are distinguished by a mask sequence. For one DMRS port, the corresponding DMRS reference signal is mapped in a plurality of resource sub-blocks containing 2 continuous sub-carriers in the frequency domain, and 4 sub-carriers are separated between adjacent resource sub-blocks in the frequency domain.

Specifically, port 0 and port 1 are located in the same RE, and resource mapping is performed in a comb-tooth manner in the frequency domain. Taking frequency domain resource granularity of 1RB as an example, port 0 and port 1 occupy subcarrier 0, subcarrier 1, subcarrier 6 and subcarrier 7.port 2 and port 3 occupy subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3, subcarrier 8 and subcarrier 9.port 4 and port 5 occupy subcarrier 4, subcarrier 5, subcarrier 10 and subcarrier 11. For 2 DMRS ports contained within one CDM group, it corresponds to a masking sequence of length 2 (+1+1 and +1-1) within 2 adjacent subcarriers.

For a dual symbol DMRS, a maximum of 12 ports is supported, with DMRS resources occupying two OFDM symbols. The 12 DMRS ports are divided into 3 CDM groups, where CDM group 0 includes port 0, port 1, port 6, and port 7; CDM group 1 includes port 2, port 3, port 8, and port 9; CDM group 2 contains port 4, port 5, port 10, and port 11. The CDM groups are frequency division multiplexed, and DMRS corresponding to the DMRS ports contained in the CDM groups are mapped on the same time-frequency resource. The reference signal sequences corresponding to DMRS ports contained in CDM group are distinguished by a mask sequence. For one DMRS port, the corresponding DMRS reference signal is mapped in a plurality of resource sub-blocks containing 2 continuous sub-carriers in the frequency domain, and 4 sub-carriers are separated between adjacent resource sub-blocks in the frequency domain.

Specifically, port 0, port 1, port 6 and port 7 are located in the same RE, and resource mapping is performed in a comb-tooth manner in the frequency domain. Taking frequency domain resource granularity of 1RB as an example, port 0, port 1, port 6 and port 7 occupy subcarrier 0, subcarrier 1, subcarrier 6 and subcarrier 7 corresponding to OFDM symbol 0 and OFDM symbol 1. port 2, port 3, port 8 and port 9 occupy subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3, subcarrier 8 and subcarrier 9 corresponding to OFDM symbol 1 and OFDM symbol 2. port 4, port 5, port 10 and port 11 occupy sub-carrier 4, sub-carrier 5, sub-carrier 10 and sub-carrier 11 corresponding to OFDM symbol 1 and OFDM symbol 2. For 4 DMRS ports included in one CDM group, it corresponds to a masking sequence of length 4 (+1+1+1+1/+1+1-1/+1-1+1+1-1/+1-1+1) in 2 adjacent subcarriers to which 2 OFDM symbols correspond.

Hereinafter, a method of DMRS transmission according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the mask sequence is taken as an example of the code for characterizing the orthogonality of the transmission data, and other applicable codes are also within the protection scope of the present application, which is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present application, a transmitting end device transmits a reference signal (i.e., a first reference signal) of an existing port and a reference signal (i.e., a second reference signal) of an added port on the same resource, and a receiving end device receives the reference signal of the existing port and the reference signal of the added port on the same block resource, and performs channel estimation according to a reference signal sequence corresponding to each reference signal.

For example, for Type 2 DMRS,12 DMRS ports are divided into 3 CDM groups. For each DMRS port, the basic frequency domain granularity of its time-frequency resource map is 6 consecutive subcarriers. The consecutive 6 subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols are divided into 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks, each time-frequency resource sub-block containing consecutive 2 subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols. The 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks are frequency division multiplexed. As shown in fig. 3, reference signal sequences corresponding to 4 DMRS ports included in each CDM group are multiplied by a mask sequence with a length of 4 and then mapped to all REs included in the same resource sub-block. For example, for DMRS port 1, in the time-frequency resource block composed of 12 REs shown in fig. 3, 4 REs corresponding to 2 continuous subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols are occupied, and a mask sequence with a corresponding length of 4 is +1, -1, +1, -1.

In order to multiplex the same time-frequency resource for more DMRS ports, the application designs a set of mask sequences with the length of 12, wherein one mask sequence set comprises 12 mask sequences. Each mask sequence contains 12 elements. Each mask sequence corresponds to a newly added DMRS port, so that at least 12 DMRS ports can be added.

In one implementation, the set of mask sequences may contain 12 mask sequences, each mask sequence may contain 12 elements. Representing a mask sequence as a row vector, 12 mask sequences forming a matrix in the form of row vectorsThe following relationship may be satisfied:

wherein the method comprises the steps of

Or,

or,

here, theRepresenting the Kronecker product, B is a matrix of 12 x 12, where each row vector w _k ＝[w _k(0) w _k(1) ... w _k(11) ](k=1, 2, … …, N, a positive integer) corresponds to a mask sequence of length 12, the length representing the number of mask sequence elements. Matrix B corresponds to a set of mask sequences, wherein the 12 mask sequences contained in the set of mask sequences correspond one-to-one with the 12 row vectors in matrix B. Any two mask sequences contained in the mask sequence set B are orthogonal. DMRS mask sequences of length 12 generated according to formulas (6. A), (6. B) and (6. C) are shown in tables 3, 4 and 5, respectively.

It should be understood that the table in the present application is only used as an example and not limited thereto, for example, the correspondence between the index and the element in the table may be other correspondence, the correspondence between the sequence index and the row vector corresponding to a certain row in the table may be other correspondence, the correspondence between the sequence index and the mask sequence in the table may be other correspondence, the elements listed in the table may be some, all, etc.

TABLE 3 masking sequence of length 12 (based on formula 6. A)

As shown in Table 3, the mask sequence may include

TABLE 4 masking sequence of length 12 (based on formula 6. B)

As shown in Table 4, the mask sequence may include

TABLE 5 masking sequence of length 12 (based on formula 6. C)

As shown in Table 5, the mask sequence may include {1, j,1, j },

{1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,1,-j}，

{1,j,1,j,1,j,-1,-j,-1,-j,-1,-j}，

{1,-j,1,-j,1,-j,-1,j,-1,j,-1,j}，

in the new mask sequences of length 12 shown in table 3, table 4 or table 5, each mask sequence corresponds to one DMRS port, and thus 12 DMRS ports (hereinafter referred to as newly added ports) are newly added in total. One element included in each sequence corresponds to one RE included in the time-frequency resource block shown in fig. 4.

Specifically, one DMRS port corresponds to a mask sequence with length of 12 in table 3, table 4 or table 5, and the corresponding rule of the mask sequence element index and the time-frequency resource RE is shown in fig. 4. One mask sequence contains 12 elements, corresponding to mask sequence element indices 0-11, with the digits noted in each RE in FIG. 4 representing the index of the mask sequence element. Wherein the mask sequence elements corresponding to the mask sequence element indexes 0-5 in table 3, table 4 or table 5 respectively correspond to 6 subcarriers of the first OFDM symbol; the mask sequence elements corresponding to the mask sequence element indexes 6 to 11 in tables 3 and 4 correspond to 6 subcarriers of the second OFDM symbol, respectively.

It should be understood that fig. 4 is only an example and not limited to fig. 4, and that fig. 4 may be a partial RE or full RE diagram, that is, subcarriers 0 to 5 may represent any group of resource blocks, and symbols 0 to 1 may be other consecutive 2 OFDM symbols, which is not limited in this aspect of the present application. For example, subcarriers 0 to 5 may be subcarriers with indexes 6q+0 to 6q+5, where q=0, 1,2 … ….

The multiplexing relationship between the newly added DMRS port and the existing NR Type 2 DMRS port in the time-frequency resource blocks of the 12 REs according to the existing NR Type 2 DMRS port time-frequency resource mapping rule shown in fig. 3 is shown in fig. 5. The existing NR Type 2 DMRS 12 ports are mapped according to the existing protocol time-frequency resource mapping mode, one DMRS port corresponds to a mask sequence with the length of 4, and the mask sequence is mapped on two continuous subcarriers. For the newly added 12 DMRS ports, corresponding to port indexes 12-23, different 12 long code mask sequences are adopted to multiplex on all 12 REs.

Taking DMRS port 0 and DMRS port 12 as examples, DMRS port 0 adopts a mask sequence with length of 4, and maps on subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1 corresponding to 2 OFDM symbols. The DMRS port 12 uses a mask sequence with a length of 12, and maps on subcarriers 0 to 5 corresponding to 2 OFDM symbols. For example, taking fig. 4 as an example, the first element in the sequence corresponds to an RE with index 0, the second element corresponds to an RE with index 1, the third element corresponds to an RE with index 2, and so on.

Of the new length 12 mask sequences shown in table 3, table 4 or table 5, any two mask sequences are orthogonal, i.e., the 12 long code mask sequences corresponding to any two ports of the newly added ports are orthogonal. In addition, the mask sequences corresponding to any 1 of the existing Type 2 DMRS ports are orthogonal to 6 mask sequences of the new 12 mask sequences shown in table 3, table 4 or table 5, and the cross-correlation coefficient between the mask sequences and any one of the remaining 6 mask sequences isSpecifically, the existing NR Type 2 DMRS ports are arranged in the time-frequency resource block formed by the 12 REs according to the mask sequence element index and the time-frequency resource correspondence rule shown in fig. 4, and a mask sequence corresponding to the existing NR Type 2 DMRS ports may be expressed as:

TABLE 6 NR Type 2 DMRS mask sequence

Illustratively, the existing NR Type 2 DMRS port 0, according to the rule shown in FIG. 4, the corresponding DMRS mask sequence length is extended to12 may be denoted as { +1+ 1 0 0 0 0 +1+ 1 0 0 0 0}. The sequences are orthogonal to the new mask sequences with sequence indexes of 6-11 in Table 3, table 4 or Table 5, and the cross-correlation coefficients of the sequences with the new mask sequences with sequence indexes of 0-5 in Table 3, table 4 or Table 5 are Taking the new mask sequence with the sequence index of 0 in table 3 as an example, the cross-correlation coefficient of the DMRS mask sequence corresponding to the existing NR Type 2 DMRS port 0 is:

it should be appreciated that the threshold value of the cross-correlation coefficient may be here

Therefore, for the mask sequences corresponding to the newly designed DMRS ports, half of the mask sequences corresponding to the existing DMRS ports are orthogonal, and the other half of the mask sequences corresponding to the existing DMRS ports keep low cross-correlation properties, so that the quality of channel estimation can be guaranteed to the maximum extent.

Taking fig. 4 as an example, the mth element r (m) in the DMRS base sequence corresponding to the port p in the 12 DMRS ports is mapped to the index (k, l) according to the following rule _p,μ RE of (c). Wherein the index is (k, l) _p,μ The RE of (2) corresponds to an OFDM symbol with an index of l in a time slot in the time domain, corresponds to a subcarrier with an index of k in the frequency domain, and the mapping rule satisfies:

p is the index of the DMRS port,is the symbol index of the starting OFDM symbol occupied by the DMRS modulation symbol or the symbol index of the reference OFDM symbol, w _f (k') is a frequency domain mask sequence element, w, corresponding to a subcarrier with index k _t (l ') is a time domain mask sequence element corresponding to an OFDM symbol with index l', and c (n) is an element of the block sequence mapped on the kth subcarrier and the ith symbol. μ represents a subcarrier spacing parameter, For the power scaling factor, m=2n+k'.

Corresponding to the mask sequence shown in Table 3, w corresponding to DMRS port p _f (k') and w _t The value of (l') can be determined from Table 7.

TABLE 7 New design Length 12 mask sequence mapping rules (Table 3)

Corresponding to the mask sequence shown in Table 4, w corresponding to DMRS port p _f (k') and w _t The value of (l') can be determined from Table 8.

Table 8 New design Length 12 mask sequence mapping rules (Table 4)

Corresponding to the mask sequence shown in Table 5, w corresponding to DMRS port p _f (k') and w _t The value of (l') can be determined from Table 9.

Table 9 New design Length 12 mask sequence mapping rules (Table 5)

The values of the block sequence element c (n) may satisfy the following relationship:

wherein N is 2 times of the number of RBs contained in the bandwidth occupied by the DMRS signal in the frequency domain, and v may be a number that is mutually equal to N.

According to the embodiment of the application, capacity expansion is carried out on the ports of the NR Type 2 DMRS, and in the same time-frequency resource block, the existing NR Type 2 DMRS ports and the newly added DMRS ports respectively adopt a mask sequence with the length of 4 and a mask sequence with the length of 12. By design, any two of the 12 length 12 mask sequences are orthogonal. Any one of the length-4 masking sequences is orthogonal to half of the set of length-12 masking sequences, ensuring a lower cross-correlation with the remaining other half. Therefore, the double capacity expansion of the DMRS port can be realized under the condition of not increasing time-frequency resources, the interference between the original port and the newly-added port of the protocol is reduced to the maximum extent, and the quality of channel estimation is ensured.

In another implementation, a set of length 12 mask sequences is designed, the set of mask sequences comprising a matrix of mask sequences in the form of row vectorsThe following relationship may be satisfied:

or,

here, theRepresenting the Kronecker product, B is a matrix of 12 x 12, where each row vector w _k ＝[w _k(0) w _k(1) ... w _k(11) ](k=1, 2, …, N, positive integer) corresponds to a mask sequence of length 12. Any two mask sequences contained in the mask sequence set B are orthogonal. DMRS mask sequences of length 12 generated according to formulas (9.A) and (9.B) are shown in tables 10 and 11, respectively.

Table 10 length 12 mask sequence (based on equation 9.A)

As shown in table 10, the mask sequence may include:

TABLE 11 Length 12 mask sequence (based on equation 9.B)

As shown in table 11, the mask sequence may include:

it should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, j in the table is an imaginary unit, j ² ＝-1。

In the new mask sequences of length 12 shown in table 10 or 11, each mask sequence corresponds to one DMRS port, and thus 12 DMRS ports (hereinafter referred to as "newly added ports") are newly added in total. One element included in each sequence corresponds to one RE included in the time-frequency resource block shown in fig. 4.

Specifically, for a DMRS port, a mask sequence with length of 12 in table 10 or table 11 is corresponding, and the corresponding rule of the mask sequence element index and the time-frequency resource RE is shown in fig. 6. One mask sequence contains 12 elements, corresponding to mask sequence element indices 0-11, with the digits noted in each RE in FIG. 6 representing the index of the mask sequence element. Wherein the mask sequence elements corresponding to the mask sequence element indexes 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 in table 10 or 11 correspond to the subcarriers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 of the first OFDM symbol, respectively; mask sequence elements corresponding to mask sequence element indexes 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 in table 10 or table 11 correspond to subcarriers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 of the second OFDM symbol, respectively.

Taking DMRS port 0 and DMRS port 12 as examples, DMRS port 0 adopts a mask sequence with length of 4, and maps on subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1 corresponding to 2 OFDM symbols. The DMRS port 12 uses a mask sequence with a length of 12, and maps on subcarriers 0 to 5 corresponding to 2 OFDM symbols.

Of the new length 12 mask sequences shown in table 10 or 11, any two mask sequences are orthogonal, i.e., the 12 long code mask sequences corresponding to any two ports of the newly added ports are orthogonal. In addition, the cross-correlation coefficient between the mask sequence corresponding to any 1 of the existing Type 2 DMRS ports and any one of the new 12 mask sequences shown in table 10 or 11 is

Specifically, the existing NR Type 2 DMRS port 0, according to the rule shown in fig. 4, the corresponding DMRS mask sequence is extended to a length 12, which may be expressed as { +1+ 10 0 0 0 +1+ 10 0 0 0}. The cross-correlation coefficient of this sequence with the new mask sequence of either Table 8 or Table 11 isTherefore, for the mask sequences corresponding to the newly designed DMRS ports, the mask sequences corresponding to the existing DMRS ports keep extremely low cross-correlation characteristics, so that the quality of channel estimation can be ensured to the greatest extent.

Taking fig. 6 as an example, the mth element r (m) in the DMRS sequence corresponding to the port p in the 12 DMRS ports is mapped to the index (k, l) according to the following rule _p,μ Resource elements RE of (a). Wherein the index is (k, l) _p,μ The RE of (2) corresponds to an OFDM symbol with an index of l in a time slot in the time domain, corresponds to a subcarrier with an index of k in the frequency domain, and the mapping rule satisfies:

p is the index of the DMRS port,is the symbol index of the starting OFDM symbol occupied by the DMRS modulation symbol or the symbol index of the reference OFDM symbol, w (k ', l') is the frequency domain mask element corresponding to the subcarrier with the index of k 'and the time domain mask element corresponding to the OFDM symbol with the index of l'. μ represents a subcarrier spacing parameter,is a power scaling factor.

The value of w (k ', l') corresponding to DMRS port p can be determined according to table 12, corresponding to the mask sequence shown in table 10.

Table 12 New design Length 12 mask sequence mapping rules (corresponding to Table 10)

The value of w (k ', l') corresponding to DMRS port p can be determined according to table 13, corresponding to the mask sequence shown in table 11.

Table 13 New design Length 12 mask sequence mapping rules (Table 11)

The application aims at a port capacity expansion method of an NR Type 2 DMRS, and in the same time-frequency resource block, the existing NR Type 2 DMRS port and the newly added DMRS port respectively adopt a mask sequence with the length of 4 and a mask sequence with the length of 12. By design, any two of the 12 length 12 mask sequences are orthogonal. Any one of the length-4 mask sequences ensures very low cross-correlation with any one of the length-12 set of mask sequences. Therefore, the double capacity expansion of the DMRS port can be realized under the condition of not increasing time-frequency resources, the interference between the original port and the newly-added port of the protocol is reduced to the maximum extent, and the quality of channel estimation is ensured.

In another implementation manner, in order to multiplex more DMRS ports in the same time-frequency resource and ensure that the newly added DMRS port does not affect the channel estimation performance of the existing DMRS port, the existing port and the newly added port may be multiplexed in a frequency division manner. For example, for Type 2 DMRS,12 DMRS ports are divided into 3 CDM groups. Within the consecutive 6 subcarriers, 2 OFDM symbols, are divided into 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks, each time-frequency resource sub-block containing the consecutive 2 subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols. In one implementation, one time-frequency resource sub-block corresponds to one CDM group. As shown in fig. 3, DMRS signals corresponding to 4 DMRS ports included in each CDM group are mapped on all REs included in the same resource sub-block. In one implementation, the existing DMRS ports belong to 4 DMRS ports included in 1 CDM group of the 3 CDM groups, the existing ports occupy one of the 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks, and the newly added ports may occupy the remaining 2 of the 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks. As shown in fig. 8, the conventional ports 0 to 3 correspond to CDM group 0, and are mapped on 4 REs corresponding to consecutive 2 subcarriers (subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1) and consecutive 2 OFDM symbols (symbol 0 and symbol 1) based on an orthogonal mask sequence of length 4. To ensure compatibility, existing ports 0-3 may be allocated to existing devices (existing devices cannot learn the newly added port and do not have the detection capability of the newly added port). The newly added ports 4 to 19 correspond to CDM group 1, and are mapped on 8 REs corresponding to 4 consecutive subcarriers (subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3, subcarrier 4, subcarrier 5) and 2 consecutive OFDM symbols (symbol 0 and symbol 1) based on an orthogonal mask sequence of length 8. The newly added ports 4 to 19 can be allocated to new devices (the newly added ports can be known and have the detection capability of the newly added ports).

In another implementation, the existing ports are mapped on 4 REs corresponding to consecutive 2 subcarriers (subcarrier 4 and subcarrier 5) and consecutive 2 OFDM symbols (symbol 0 and symbol 1) based on an orthogonal mask sequence of length 4. To ensure compatibility, existing ports may be allocated to existing devices (existing devices cannot learn the newly added ports and do not have the detection capability of the newly added ports). The newly added port is mapped on 8 REs corresponding to 4 consecutive subcarriers (subcarrier 0, subcarrier 1, subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3) and 2 consecutive OFDM symbols (symbol 0 and symbol 1) based on an orthogonal mask sequence of length 8. The newly added port can be allocated to a new device (the newly added port can be known and has the detection capability of the newly added port).

In another implementation, the existing DMRS ports belong to 8 DMRS ports included in 2 CDM groups of the 3 CDM groups, the existing ports may occupy 2 sub-blocks of the 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks, and the newly added ports may occupy the remaining 1 sub-block of the 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks. Specifically, the existing DMRS ports occupy CDM group 0 and CDM group 1, i.e., the existing DMRS ports are mapped on consecutive 4 subcarriers (subcarrier 0, subcarrier 1, subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3). The newly added DMRS port occupies CDM group 2, i.e., the existing DMRS port is mapped on 2 consecutive subcarriers (subcarrier 4, subcarrier 5). Or the existing DMRS ports occupy CDM group 1 and CDM group 2, i.e., the existing DMRS ports are mapped on consecutive 4 subcarriers (subcarrier 2, subcarrier 3, subcarrier 4, subcarrier 5). The newly added DMRS port occupies CDM group 0, i.e., the existing DMRS port is mapped on 2 consecutive subcarriers (subcarrier 0, subcarrier 1).

Taking the case that the existing DMRS port belongs to 4 DMRS ports contained in 1 CDM group of 3 CDM groups, the existing port occupies one sub-block of 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks, and the newly added port can occupy the remaining 2 sub-blocks of 3 time-frequency resource sub-blocks as an example, a plurality of mask sequence sets with the length of 8 can be designed, wherein one mask sequence set contains 8 mask sequences. Each mask sequence corresponds to a newly added DMRS port.

Taking 2 mask sequence sets with length of 8 as an example, a new 8 DMRS ports can be implemented. Taking 3 mask sequence sets with length of 8 as an example, a new 16 DMRS ports can be implemented.

The set of length 8 mask sequences illustratively includes orthogonal mask sequences as shown in tables 14-16.

Table 14 Length 8 mask sequence set 1

Table 15 Length 8 mask sequence set 2

Table 16 length 8 mask sequence set 3

Each of the new sets of mask sequences of length 8 shown in tables 14 to 16 corresponds to one DMRS port (hereinafter referred to as an added port). One element included in each sequence corresponds to one RE included in the time-frequency resource block shown in fig. 7.

Specifically, for a DMRS port, a mask sequence with length of 8 in tables 14 to 16 is corresponding, and the rule of correspondence between the mask sequence element index and the time-frequency resource RE is shown in fig. 8. Wherein the mask sequence elements corresponding to the mask sequence element indexes 0-3 in tables 14-16 respectively correspond to 4 subcarriers of the first OFDM symbol; the mask sequence elements corresponding to the mask sequence element indices 4-7 in tables 14-16 correspond to the 4 subcarriers of the second OFDM symbol, respectively.

It should be understood that fig. 8 is an example and not limited to fig. 8, and the mask sequence elements may also follow other mapping rules, for example, 8 elements included in a sequence with a length of 8 may be mapped on subcarriers 0 to 3, and 4 elements included in a sequence with a length of 4 corresponding to an existing port may be mapped on subcarriers 4 to 5, which is not limited in this application.

DMRS ports corresponding to a mask sequence of length 8 (newly designed mask sequence) and DMRS ports corresponding to a mask sequence of length 4 (existing mask sequence of NR length 4) are mapped in a time-frequency resource block of 12 REs in a frequency-division multiplexing manner. Taking an example of adding 8 DMRS ports to 2 mask sequence sets with length of 8, the correspondence between DMRS ports and REs contained in the mask sequence sets and the time resource blocks is shown in fig. 8. For 4 REs composed of subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1 corresponding to OFDM symbol 0 and symbol 1, DMRS symbols corresponding to 4 DMRS ports are mapped, and the 4 REs respectively correspond to mask sequences with the existing NR length of 4. For 8 REs formed by subcarriers 2 to 5 corresponding to OFDM symbol 0 and symbol 1, mapping DMRS symbols corresponding to 16 DMRS ports, and corresponding port indexes 4 to 19, and multiplexing all 8 REs by adopting different 8 long code mask sequences.

Taking DMRS port 0 and DMRS port 4 as examples, DMRS port 0 adopts a mask sequence with length of 4, and maps on subcarrier 0 and subcarrier 1 corresponding to 2 OFDM symbols. The DMRS port 4 adopts a mask sequence with a length of 8, and maps on the subcarriers 2 to 5 corresponding to 2 OFDM symbols.

Of the three sets of mask sequence sets of length 8 shown in tables 12 to 14, any two mask sequences of each set of mask sequences are orthogonal. In addition, if one mask sequence is selected from any two mask sequence sets, the cross-correlation coefficient between the two mask sequences is

Therefore, as shown in fig. 8, the DMRS resource mapping method reserves a mask sequence group with a length of 4, and can be used for being compatible with the existing NR Type 2 DMRS. In addition, a mask sequence group with the length of 8 is added, and the cross correlation between mask sequences in the sequence group is low, so that the channel estimation performance can be ensured while multiplexing more DMRS ports in fixed time-frequency resources.

Taking fig. 8 as an example, port p in 20 DMRS ports, the mth r (m) in the corresponding DMRS sequence is mapped to index (k, l) according to the following rule _p,μ RE of (c). Wherein the index is (k, l) _p,μ The RE of (2) corresponds to an OFDM symbol with an index of l in a time slot in the time domain, corresponds to a subcarrier with an index of k in the frequency domain, and the mapping rule satisfies:

p is the index of the DMRS port,for mapping to index (k, l) _p,μ DMRS modulation symbol corresponding to port p on RE,is the symbol index of the starting OFDM symbol occupied by the DMRS modulation symbol or the symbol index of the reference OFDM symbol, w (k ', l') is the mask sequence element corresponding to the OFDM symbol with index of l 'and the subcarrier with index of k'. μ represents a subcarrier spacing parameter,is a power scaling factor.

The values of w (k ', l') corresponding to DMRS port p can be determined according to table 17, corresponding to the mask sequences shown in tables 14 and 15.

Table 17 New design mask sequence mapping rules (Table 14 and Table 15)

In the port capacity expansion method for the NR Type 2 DMRS, 6 subcarriers are divided into 2 time-frequency resource subgroups in a frequency division mode in the same time-frequency resource block, one subgroup comprises 4 REs, and the other subgroup comprises the rest 8 REs. For a subgroup containing 4 REs, 4 DMRS ports are mapped using a mask sequence of length 4. For a subgroup containing 8 REs, 16 DMRS ports are mapped with 2 sets of mask sequences of length 8, or 24 DMRS ports are mapped with 3 sets of mask sequences of length 8. By design, any two sequences in each set of length 8 mask sequences are orthogonal. Extremely low cross-correlation is ensured between any two length 8 mask sequences belonging to different groups. Therefore, under the condition of not increasing time-frequency resources, 0.6 times or 1.3 times capacity expansion of the DMRS ports can be realized while the compatibility with the existing DMRS ports is ensured, interference between newly added ports is reduced to the greatest extent, and the quality of channel estimation is ensured.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, the communication apparatus 2000 may include a receiving unit 2100 and a transmitting unit 2200. Optionally, the communication device may further comprise a processing unit 2200.

The receiving unit 2100 may be a receiver, an input interface, pins or circuitry, etc. The receiving unit 2100 may be adapted to perform the steps of the reception in the method embodiments described above.

The transmitting unit 2200 may be a transmitter, an output interface, pins or circuits, etc. The sending unit 2200 may be adapted to perform the steps of the receiving in the method embodiments described above.

It is to be understood that the receiving unit 2100 and the transmitting unit 2200 may be collectively referred to as a transmitting-receiving unit. The transceiver unit may comprise a transmitting unit and/or a receiving unit. The transceiver unit may be a transceiver (including a transmitter and/or a receiver), an input/output interface (including an input and/or output interface), pins or circuitry, etc.

The processing unit 2300 may be a processor (may include one or more), a processing circuit with a processor function, etc., and may be configured to perform steps other than transmission and reception in the above-described method embodiments.

Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage unit, which may be a memory, an internal storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.), an external storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.), and so on. The storage unit is configured to store instructions, and the processing unit 530 executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the communication device performs the above method.

In one possible design, the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the receiving device in the above method embodiment, and may perform the operations performed by the receiving device in the above method.

In one example, the receiving unit 2100 is configured to receive a reference signal, decode the reference signal, and perform channel estimation.

In another possible design, the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the transmitting device in the above method embodiment, and may perform the operations performed by the transmitting device in the above method.

In one example, the processing unit 2300 generates a check sequence, maps the root sequence and the check sequence onto corresponding time-frequency resources, and generates a reference signal. The sequence is generated in the same manner as above, and will not be described here again.

The transmission unit 2200 transmits the reference signal.

In one possible design, the processing unit generates a check sequence with length of 12, maps to 6 consecutive subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols, where any sequence contains 12 elements, and any element maps on a single RE, and REs mapped by elements inside the same sequence are different from each other.

In another possible design, the processing unit generates a check sequence with length of 8, maps to 6 consecutive subcarriers and 2 OFDM symbols, where any sequence contains 8 elements, any element maps on a single RE, REs mapped by elements inside the same sequence are different from each other, and REs mapped by elements inside the same sequence are also different from those mapped by four ports. I.e. RE is not multiplexed any more.

It should be understood that the above division of the units is only a functional division, and other division methods are possible in practical implementation.

It should also be understood that the processing unit may be implemented by hardware, may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software.

It should also be appreciated that when the communication apparatus 2000 is a network device, the receiving unit 2100 and the transmitting unit 2200 in the communication apparatus may correspond to the RRU 3100 in the network device 2000 illustrated in fig. 12, and the processing unit 2300 in the communication apparatus may correspond to the BBU 3200 in the network device 2000 illustrated in fig. 28. When the communication device 2000 is a chip configured in a network apparatus, the transceiver 2100 in the communication device may be an input/output interface.

It should also be understood that when the communication apparatus 2000 is a terminal device, the receiving unit 2100 and the transmitting unit 2200 in the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the transceiver 4002 in the terminal device 4000 shown in fig. 13, and the processing unit 2300 in the communication apparatus 2000 may correspond to the processor 4001 in the terminal device 4000 shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device, which may be, for example, a base station according to an embodiment of the present application. The network device 3000 may perform the functions of the network device in the above-described method embodiments.

As shown, the network device 3000 may include one or more radio frequency units, such as a remote radio frequency unit (remote radio unit, RRU) 3100 and one or more baseband units (BBUs) (also referred to as Distributed Units (DUs)) 3200. The RRU 3100 may be referred to as a transceiver unit or a communication unit, and corresponds to the transceiver unit 2100 in fig. 11.

Alternatively, the transceiver unit 3100 may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., which may include at least one antenna 3101 and a radio frequency unit 3102. Alternatively, the transceiving unit 3100 may include a receiving unit, which may correspond to a receiver (or receiver, receiving circuit), and a transmitting unit, which may correspond to a transmitter (or transmitter, transmitting circuit). The RRU 3100 part is mainly used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals and baseband signals. The BBU 3200 portion is mainly used for performing baseband processing, controlling a base station, and the like. The RRU 3100 and BBU 3200 may be physically disposed together, or may be physically disposed separately, i.e. a distributed base station.

The BBU 3200 is a control center of the base station, and may also be referred to as a processing unit, and may correspond to the processing unit 2200 in fig. 11, and is mainly used for performing baseband processing functions, such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, spreading, and so on. For example, the BBU (processing unit) may be configured to control the base station to perform the operation procedures described in the above method embodiments with respect to the network device.

In one example, the BBU 3200 may be configured by one or more single boards, where the multiple single boards may support a single access radio access network (such as an LTE network) together, or may support radio access networks of different access systems (such as an LTE network, a 5G network, or other networks) respectively. The BBU 3200 also includes a memory 3201 and a processor 3202. The memory 3201 is used to store necessary instructions and data. The processor 3202 is configured to control the base station to perform necessary actions, for example, to control the base station to perform the operation procedure related to the network device in the above method embodiment. The memory 3201 and processor 3202 may serve one or more boards. That is, the memory and the processor may be separately provided on each board. It is also possible that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, each single board can be provided with necessary circuits.

It should be appreciated that the network device 3000 shown in fig. 12 is capable of implementing the various processes described in the foregoing method embodiments involving the network device. The operations or functions of the respective modules in the network device 3000 are respectively for implementing the corresponding flows in the above-described method embodiments. Reference is specifically made to the description in the above method embodiments, and detailed descriptions are omitted here as appropriate to avoid repetition.

The BBU 3200 described above may be used to perform the actions described in the method embodiments described above as being implemented internally by the network device, while the RRU 3100 may be used to perform the actions described in the method embodiments described above as being sent and received by the network device. Please refer to the description of the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 4000 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the terminal device 4000 includes a processor 4001 and a transceiver 4002. Optionally, the terminal device 4000 may further comprise a memory 4003. Wherein the processor 4001, the transceiver 4002 and the memory 4003 can communicate with each other through an internal connection path, control and/or data signals are transferred, the memory 4003 is used for storing a computer program, and the processor 4001 is used for calling and running the computer program from the memory 4003 to control the transceiver 4002 to transmit and receive signals.

The processor 4001 and the memory 4003 may be combined into one processing apparatus 4004, and the processor 4001 is configured to execute program codes stored in the memory 4003 to realize the functions. It should be understood that the processing device 4004 shown in the figures is only an example. In particular implementations, the memory 4003 may also be integrated within the processor 4001 or separate from the processor 4001. The application is not limited in this regard.

The terminal device 4000 may further include an antenna 4010 for transmitting uplink data or uplink control signaling output from the transceiver 4002 via a wireless signal.

It should be understood that the terminal device 4000 shown in fig. 13 can implement the respective processes related to the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiment. The operations or functions of the respective modules in the terminal device 4000 are respectively for realizing the corresponding flows in the above-described method embodiments. Reference is specifically made to the description in the above method embodiments, and detailed descriptions are omitted here as appropriate to avoid repetition.

Optionally, the terminal device 4000 may further include a power source 4005 for providing power to various devices or circuits in the terminal device.

In addition to this, in order to make the functions of the terminal device more complete, the terminal device 4000 may further include one or more of an input unit 4006, a display unit 4007, an audio circuit 4008, a camera 4009, a sensor 4011, and the like, and the audio circuit may further include a speaker 40081, a microphone 40082, and the like.

It is to be appreciated that the processing device 4004 or the processor 4001 may be one chip. For example, the processing device 4004 or the processor 4001 may be a field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA), a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, a system on chip (SoC), a central processor (central processor unit, CPU), a network processor (network processor, NP), a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), a programmable controller (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chip. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or in the execution of a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.

The memory in the present application (such as memory 4003) may be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (random access memory, RAM) which acts as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DR RAM).

According to a method provided by an embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, including: computer program code which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method performed by the terminal device as described above.

According to a method provided by an embodiment of the present application, the present application also provides a computer program product, including: computer program code which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method performed by the network device as described above.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the application further provides a computer readable medium, wherein the computer readable medium stores program codes, and when the program codes run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method executed by the terminal device.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the application further provides a computer readable medium, wherein the computer readable medium stores program codes, and when the program codes run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method executed by the network device.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the application also provides a system which comprises the network equipment. Optionally, the system may further comprise a terminal device.

The embodiment of the application also provides a processing device, which comprises a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to perform the method of any of the method embodiments described above.

It should be understood that the processing means may be a chip. For example, the processing means may be a field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA), a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware components, a system on chip (SoC), a central processor (central processor unit, CPU), a network processor (network processor, NP), a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), a programmable controller (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chip. The disclosed methods, steps, and logic blocks in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or in the execution of a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoding processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present application are produced in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid State Disk (SSD)), or the like.

As used in this specification, the terms "component," "module," "system," and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, either hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components may reside within a process or thread of execution and a component may be localized on one computer or distributed between 2 or more computers. Furthermore, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The components may communicate by way of local or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from two components interacting with one another in a local system, distributed system, or across a network such as the internet with other systems by way of the signal).

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, various embodiments are not necessarily referring to the same embodiments throughout the specification. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the numbers "first" and "second" … are merely for distinguishing different objects, for example, for distinguishing different network devices, and are not limited to the scope of the embodiment of the present application, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

It should also be understood that, in the present application, "when …", "if" and "if" all refer to the corresponding processing that the network element will make under some objective condition, and are not limited in time, nor do they require that the network element must have a judging action when implemented, nor are other limitations meant to be present.

It should also be understood that in the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more.

It should also be understood that in embodiments of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A from which B may be determined. It should also be understood that determining B from a does not mean determining B from a alone, but may also determine B from a and/or other information.

It should also be understood that the term "and/or" is merely one association relationship describing the associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

Items appearing in the present application that are similar to "include one or more of the following: the meaning of the expressions a, B, and C "generally means that the item may be any one of the following unless otherwise specified: a, A is as follows; b, a step of preparing a composite material; c, performing operation; a and B; a and C; b and C; a, B and C; a and A; a, A and A; a, A and B; a, a and C, a, B and B; a, C and C; b and B, B and C, C and C; c, C and C, and other combinations of a, B and C. The above is an optional entry for the item exemplified by 3 elements a, B and C, when expressed as "the item includes at least one of the following: a, B, … …, and X ", i.e. when there are more elements in the expression, then the entry to which the item is applicable can also be obtained according to the rules described above.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the elements is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A method of transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

transmitting a first reference signal on a first resource;

a second reference signal is transmitted on a second resource,

the first resource comprises a first time domain resource in a time domain, the second resource comprises a first frequency domain resource in a frequency domain, the second resource comprises a second time domain resource in a frequency domain, the first frequency domain resource is a part of the second frequency domain resource, or the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is null.
The method of claim 1, wherein the first reference signal corresponds to a first sequence and the second reference signal corresponds to a second sequence, the first sequence comprising a smaller number of elements than the second sequence.
The method of claim 2, wherein the first sequence belongs to a first set of sequences and the second sequence belongs to a second set of sequences, the first set of sequences including at least one sequence, the second set of sequences including at least one sequence, the first set of sequences including the same number of elements and the second set of sequences including the same number of elements.
The method of claim 3, wherein when the first set of sequences comprises at least two sequences and the second set of sequences comprises at least two sequences,

the first set of sequences comprises sequences that are orthogonal in pairs,

the second sequence set includes sequences that are orthogonal in pairs.
The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 12.
The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized by a reference signal sequence of the second reference signalElements mapped on kth subcarrier and the ith symbolThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K isThe total number of subcarriers occupied in the frequency domain is 0 or 1, beta is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements included in the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is an element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, c (t) is a block sequence, and t satisfies t=floor (k/(I/2)).
The method of any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein any one sequence included in the first set of sequences is orthogonal to any one sequence included in the first subset of sequences included in the second set of sequences.
The method of claim 7, wherein the first subset comprises sequences that are half of the sequences comprised by the second set of sequences.
The method of claim 8, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein w is _k For a row vector corresponding to a kth sequence contained in the second sequence set, k is an integer from 0 to N-1, and b satisfies the following relationship:

or,

or,
the method of claim 6, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

or,

wherein w is _k And k is an integer from 0 to N-1, which is a row vector corresponding to the kth sequence contained in the second sequence set.
The method according to any of claims 5 to 10, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource elements, the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 consecutive subcarriers, the second resource comprises 12 REs, the second resource comprises the 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource comprises 6 consecutive subcarriers, and the first frequency domain resource is a subset of the second frequency domain resource.
The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 8.
The method of claim 12, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource element REs, the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 contiguous subcarriers, the second resource comprises 8 REs, the second resource corresponds to the 2 OFDM symbols, and the second frequency domain resource comprises 4 contiguous subcarriers.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein elements comprised by any one of the first set of sequences are in one-to-one correspondence with resource elements RE comprised by the first resource, and elements comprised by any one of the second set of sequences are in one-to-one correspondence with REs comprised by the second resource.
A method of transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

receiving a first reference signal on a first resource;

a second reference signal is received on a second resource,

wherein the first resource includes a first time domain resource in a time domain, includes a first frequency domain resource in a frequency domain, the second resource includes the first time domain resource in the time domain, includes the second frequency domain resource in the frequency domain, and the first frequency domain resource is a part of the second frequency domain resource, or the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is null;

The channel is detected from the reference signal.
The method of claim 15, wherein the first reference signal corresponds to a first sequence and the second reference signal corresponds to a second sequence, the first sequence comprising a fewer number of elements than the second sequence comprising a fewer number of elements.
The method of claim 16, wherein the first sequence belongs to a first set of sequences and the second sequence belongs to a second set of sequences, the first set of sequences including at least one sequence, the second set of sequences including at least one sequence, the first set of sequences including the same number of elements and the second set of sequences including the same number of elements.
The method of claim 17, wherein when the first set of sequences comprises at least two sequences and the second set of sequences comprises at least two sequences,

the first set of sequences comprises sequences that are orthogonal in pairs,

the second sequence set includes sequences that are orthogonal in pairs.
The method of any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 12.
The method according to any of claims 16 to 19, characterized by a reference signal sequence of the second reference signalElements mapped on kth subcarrier and the ith symbolThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K isThe total number of subcarriers occupied in the frequency domain is 0 or 1, beta is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements included in the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is an element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, c (t) is a block sequence, and t satisfies t=floor (k/(I/2)).
The method of any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein any one sequence included in the first set of sequences is orthogonal to any one sequence included in the first subset of sequences included in the second set of sequences.
The method of claim 21, wherein the first subset comprises sequences that are half of the sequences comprised by the second set of sequences.
The method of claim 22, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein w is _k For a row vector corresponding to a kth sequence contained in the second sequence set, k is an integer from 0 to N-1, and b satisfies the following relationship:

or,

or,
the method of claim 20, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

or,
the method according to any of claims 19 to 24, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource elements, the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 consecutive subcarriers, the second resource comprises 12 REs, the second resource corresponds to the 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource comprises 6 consecutive subcarriers, and the first frequency domain resource is a subset of the second frequency domain resource.
A method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 8.
The method of claim 26, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource element REs, the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 contiguous subcarriers, the second resource comprises 8 REs, the second resource corresponds to the 2 OFDM symbols, and the second frequency domain resource comprises 4 contiguous subcarriers.
The method according to any one of claims 15 to 27, wherein any element included in any one sequence of the first set of sequences is in one-to-one correspondence with a resource element RE included in the first resource, and any element included in any one sequence of the second set of sequences is in one-to-one correspondence with a RE included in the second resource.
An apparatus for transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

a processing unit for determining a first resource and a second resource;

a transceiver unit for transmitting a first reference signal on a first resource, transmitting a second reference signal on a second resource,

the first resource comprises a first time domain resource in a time domain, the second resource comprises a first frequency domain resource in a frequency domain, the second resource comprises a second time domain resource in a frequency domain, the first frequency domain resource is a part of the second frequency domain resource, or the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is null.
The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the first reference signal corresponds to a first sequence and the second reference signal corresponds to a second sequence, the first sequence comprising a fewer number of elements than the second sequence comprises a fewer number of elements.
The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the first sequence belongs to a first set of sequences and the second sequence belongs to a second set of sequences, the first set of sequences comprising at least one sequence, the second set of sequences comprising at least one sequence, the first set of sequences comprising a same number of elements, the second set of sequences comprising a same number of elements.
The apparatus of claim 31, wherein when the first set of sequences comprises at least two sequences and the second set of sequences comprises at least two sequences,

the first set of sequences comprises sequences that are orthogonal in pairs,

the second sequence set includes sequences that are orthogonal in pairs.
The apparatus of any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 12.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 29 to 33, wherein the reference signal sequence of the second reference signalElements mapped on kth subcarrier and the ith symbolThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K isThe total number of subcarriers occupied in the frequency domain is 0 or 1, beta is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements included in the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is an element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, c (t) is a block sequence, and t satisfies t=floor (k/(I/2)).
The apparatus of any one of claims 31 to 34, wherein any one sequence included in the first set of sequences is orthogonal to any one sequence included in the first subset of sequences included in the second set of sequences.
The method of claim 35, wherein the first subset comprises sequences that are half of the sequences comprised by the second set of sequences.
The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein the method comprises the steps ofw _k For the row vector corresponding to the kth sequence contained in the second sequence set, k is an integer from 0 to N-1, and b satisfies the following relationship:

or,

or,
the apparatus of claim 34, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

or,

wherein w is _k And k is an integer from 0 to N-1, which is a row vector corresponding to the kth sequence contained in the second sequence set.
The apparatus of any of claims 33-38, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource element REs, the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 contiguous subcarriers, the second resource comprises 12 REs, the second resource comprises the 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource comprises 6 contiguous subcarriers, and the first frequency domain resource is a subset of the second frequency domain resource.
The apparatus of any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 8.
The apparatus of claim 40, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource elements, wherein the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, wherein the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 contiguous subcarriers, wherein the second resource comprises 8 REs, wherein the second resource corresponds to the 2 OFDM symbols, and wherein the second frequency domain resource comprises 4 contiguous subcarriers.
The method of any one of claims 29 to 41, wherein elements included in any one of the first set of sequences are in one-to-one correspondence with resource elements REs included in the first resource, and wherein elements included in any one of the second set of sequences are in one-to-one correspondence with REs included in the second resource.
An apparatus for transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

a transceiver unit for receiving a first reference signal on a first resource, receiving a second reference signal on a second resource,

a processing unit for detecting the channel according to the reference signal,

the first resource comprises a first time domain resource in a time domain, the second resource comprises a first frequency domain resource in a frequency domain, the second resource comprises a second time domain resource in a frequency domain, the first frequency domain resource is a part of the second frequency domain resource, or the intersection of the first frequency domain resource and the second frequency domain resource is null.
The apparatus of claim 43, wherein the first reference signal corresponds to a first sequence and the second reference signal corresponds to a second sequence, the first sequence comprising a fewer number of elements than the second sequence comprising a fewer number of elements.
The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the first sequence belongs to a first set of sequences and the second sequence belongs to a second set of sequences, the first set of sequences including at least one sequence, the second set of sequences including at least one sequence, the first set of sequences including the same number of elements, the second set of sequences including the same number of elements.
The apparatus of claim 45, wherein when the first set of sequences comprises at least two sequences and the second set of sequences comprises at least two sequences,

the first set of sequences comprises sequences that are orthogonal in pairs,

the second sequence set includes sequences that are orthogonal in pairs.
The apparatus of any one of claims 44 to 46, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 12.
The apparatus of any one of claims 43-47, wherein the reference signal sequence of the second reference signal Mapping between the kth subcarrier and the ith subcarrierElements on symbolsThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein K is an integer from 0 to K-1, K isThe total number of subcarriers occupied in the frequency domain is 0 or 1, beta is a non-zero complex number, the number of elements included in the mask sequence w is I, I satisfies i=k mod (I/2) +l· (I/2) or i= (k mod (I/2)) ·2+l, r (k, l) is an element of the base sequence r mapped on the kth subcarrier and the first symbol, c (t) is a block sequence, and t satisfies t=floor (k/(I/2)).
The apparatus of any one of claims 45 to 48, wherein any one sequence included in the first set of sequences is orthogonal to any one sequence included in the first subset of sequences included in the second set of sequences.
The method of claim 49, wherein the first subset comprises sequences that are half of the sequences comprised by the second set of sequences.
The apparatus of claim 50, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

wherein w is _k For a row vector corresponding to a kth sequence contained in the second sequence set, k is an integer from 0 to N-1, and b satisfies the following relationship:

or,

Or,
the apparatus of claim 48, wherein the second set of sequences comprises sequences as a matrix of row vectorsThe following relationship is satisfied:

or,

wherein w is _k And k is an integer from 0 to N-1, which is a row vector corresponding to the kth sequence contained in the second sequence set.
The apparatus of any one of claims 47-52, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource element REs, the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 contiguous subcarriers, the second resource comprises 12 REs, the second resource comprises the 2 OFDM symbols, the second frequency domain resource comprises 6 contiguous subcarriers, and the first frequency domain resource is a subset of the second frequency domain resource.
The apparatus of any one of claims 44 to 46, wherein the second sequence comprises a number of elements of 8.
The apparatus of claim 54, wherein the first resource comprises 4 resource element REs, the first time domain resource comprises 2 OFDM symbols, the first frequency domain resource comprises 2 contiguous subcarriers, the second resource comprises 8 REs, the second resource corresponds to the 2 OFDM symbols, and the second frequency domain resource comprises 4 contiguous subcarriers.
The method of any one of claims 43 to 55, wherein elements included in any one of the first set of sequences are in one-to-one correspondence with resource elements REs included in the first resource, and wherein elements included in any one of the second set of sequences are in one-to-one correspondence with REs included in the second resource.
A communication device, comprising: a processor coupled to a memory for storing a program or instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 14 or 15 to 28.
A readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program or instructions, which when executed cause a computer to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 28.
A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to perform: the method of any one of claims 1 to 28.