CN111990189A - Mine broken stone slope ecological restoration method driven by vetiver grass - Google Patents
Mine broken stone slope ecological restoration method driven by vetiver grass Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/10—Pre-cultivated sod or turf; Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for a mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver as a drive, which comprises the following steps: carrying out slope reduction, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land; constructing concrete frames on the trimmed side slope; spraying a soil conditioner into the formed concrete lattice; planting vetiver grass in the treated concrete frame and on the tailing land; planting shrubs in gaps of the planted vetiver grass; planting slope protection turf in the gap between the planted vetiver grass and shrub; and carrying out artificial maintenance management on the planted plants. The repairing method can effectively solve the problems of poor repairing effect and short maintaining time of the existing repairing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for a mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as a drive.
Background
With the development of economic technology, the consumption of mineral resources is increased, more and more mineral resources are exploited, and the environmental problems caused by exploitation of the mineral resources are more and more prominent. A series of ecological environment problems such as land encroachment, soil pollution, water and soil loss, dust raising, sandy soil, landslide and continuous pollution caused by the mined waste tailings, particularly the harmfulness of the broken stone side slope of the mine is extremely high, so that surrounding ecological resources are degraded, and the surrounding production and living environment is seriously influenced.
The existing mine restoration method mainly restores the mine by covering green vegetation on the mine, but has the problems of poor restoration effect and short restoration retention time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the mine broken stone side slope ecological restoration method driven by vetiver grass, and the restoration method can effectively solve the problems of poor restoration effect and short retention time in the existing restoration method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope reduction, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land;
(2) constructing concrete frames on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2);
(4) planting vetiver grass in the concrete frame treated in the step (3) and on the tailing flat ground;
(5) planting shrubs in gaps of the vetiver grass planted in the step (4);
(6) planting slope protection turf in the gap between the vetiver grass and the shrub planted in the step (5);
(7) and carrying out artificial maintenance management on the planted plants.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: the mine broken stone side slope is trimmed to be step-shaped, the length and the gradient of the slope surface can be reduced, the risk of landslide is further reduced, a concrete frame is constructed on the broken stone side slope, soil of the side slope is preliminarily fixed through the concrete frame, and the subsequent landslide and other phenomena are prevented; spraying a soil regulator into the concrete frame, and improving the nutrition of the mine soil and the performance of the mine soil through the soil regulator, so that the survival and growth of subsequently planted plants are facilitated; the vetiver grass is a herbaceous plant which grows for many years and is high in adaptability, growth and propagation speed, the root system is developed, drought resistance, barren resistance, acid and alkali resistance, high resistance to heavy metals and the like, after the vetiver grass is planted and survived, the root system can be as deep as 2-3 meters, the purpose of fixing soil and water on a side slope can be achieved quickly, and water and soil loss is avoided; after a period of time, shrubs are planted among gaps of the vetiver grass, the fixation effect of soil is further improved through the shrubs, the vetiver grass and the shrubs can fix soil deep in the side slope, finally, slope protection turf is planted, soil and moisture on the surface layer of the side slope are fixed through the turf, and the treatment effect is further improved; the planting time of shrub, vetiver grass and slope protection turf is crisscross, and the plant height also has the difference, and the three forms in time and space and links up, and then forms the three-dimensional repair system of establishing ties, improves the repair effect to mine rubble slope.
Further, the size of the concrete frame in the step (2) is 2-4 multiplied by 2-4 m.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: the constructed concrete frame is too large, the fixing effect on soil is weakened, the frame is too small, and the constructed raw material cost and labor cost are increased.
Further, the spraying thickness of the soil conditioner in the step (3) is 15-30 cm.
Further, the spraying thickness of the soil conditioner in the step (3) is 15 cm.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: the method comprises the following steps of spraying a soil conditioner on a side slope in a dry spraying mode, planting vetiver grass on the side slope after spraying the soil conditioner with the thickness of 15cm, fully planting the vetiver grass, fully providing nutrients for the vetiver grass, promoting the vetiver grass to root, and fixing mine soil after the vetiver grass survives and the root system of the vetiver grass gradually deepens; the excessive spraying thickness of the soil conditioner causes the increase of the repair cost, and the time for the vetiver root system to extend into the mine soil is prolonged.
Further, the soil conditioner in the step (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of clay loam, 10-20 parts of straw residues, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 5-15 parts of expanded vermiculite, 5-15 parts of volcanic rock, 10-20 parts of animal wastes, 5-10 parts of compound fertilizer and 2-5 parts of microbial agent.
Further, the soil conditioner in the step (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of clay loam, 15 parts of straw residues, 6 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of expanded vermiculite, 7 parts of volcanic rock, 15 parts of animal wastes, 8 parts of compound fertilizer and 3 parts of microbial agent.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: the soil conditioner is mainly beneficial to repairing the survival of vetiver grass, shrub and slope protection turf planted in the initial stage, improving the survival rate of vegetation and laying a good foundation for the follow-up growth of vegetation.
The soil conditioner is specially designed for the growth characteristics of the vegetation such as vetiver grass and the like, improves the survival rate of the vegetation, and has a certain water-fixing and loss-preventing effect at the same time, wherein clay loam and bentonite have a certain viscosity effect, and can bond other components, reduce the fluidity of the soil conditioner, further improve the fixing effect of the soil conditioner on a mine side slope, and improve the field planting effect of plants; moreover, the clay loam accords with the growth habit of the vetiver grass and is beneficial to the survival of the vetiver grass; the granularity of the straw residues is generally 40-60 meshes, the straw residues contain a large amount of carbon sources and nitrogen sources, and the carbon sources and the nitrogen sources are added into the soil conditioner, so that the straw residues are loose in property at the initial use stage, the looseness of the soil conditioner can be improved, the oxygen content in the soil conditioner is increased, and the survival of plants is facilitated; in the later stage of use, the straw residues are gradually degraded to provide sufficient nutrition for plant growth, and meanwhile, the straw residues form a part of soil, so that the thickness of the mine soil is increased, and the plant planting growth can be promoted.
The expanded vermiculite and the volcanic rock are loose and porous, the particle size of the expanded vermiculite is generally 20-40 meshes, the particle size of the volcanic rock is 40-60 meshes, the microbial agent contains a large amount of probiotics which is beneficial to the growth and development of plant roots, nitrogen fixing bacteria and carbonate mineralization bacteria are also contained, the nitrogen fixing bacteria mainly have the function of fixing nitrogen with sea buckthorn, the carbonate mineralization bacteria can play a role in solidifying broken stones, the microbial agent is mixed with the expanded vermiculite and the volcanic rock, a large amount of probiotics are adhered to the expanded vermiculite and the volcanic rock, and the probiotics in gaps between the expanded vermiculite and the volcanic rock are continuously propagated and released to form a slow release effect as time goes on, so that sufficient probiotics are provided for the plant roots, and the growth and development speed of plants is accelerated; the animal wastes are organic fertilizers, have a certain slow release effect and provide sufficient nutrients for plants, the compound fertilizer contains a large amount of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, both of the nutrient elements can provide sufficient nutrients for the growth and development of the plants, the survival rate of the plants is improved, the planting speed of the plants is accelerated, and the components in the formula are mutually cooperated and promoted to increase the survival rate of the plants.
Further, the row spacing of the vetiver grass planted in the step (4) is 60-90cm multiplied by 60-90 cm.
Further, the row spacing of the vetiver grass planted in the step (4) is 70cm multiplied by 70 cm.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: the vetiver grass is planted according to the plant row spacing, ventilation and light transmission of the vetiver grass are facilitated, healthy growth of new tillering is promoted, and then the mine restoration effect is promoted.
Further, the root system of the vetiver grass planted in the step (4) is 5-10cm long, and the overground part is 15-20cm long.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: when the root system of the vetiver grass is 5-10cm long and the overground part is 15-20cm long, the survivability of the vetiver grass is strong, the tillering ability after planting is strong, and the rejuvenation and tillering are facilitated, and the survivability is improved.
Further, the plant spacing for planting shrubs in the step (5) is 150-.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: the proper plant spacing is beneficial to ventilation between shrubs, increases the survival rate of the shrubs, increases the coverage rate of the shrubs and improves the repairing effect of mines.
Further, in the step (5), shrubs are honeysuckle and sea buckthorn.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: firstly, the honeysuckle has strong adaptability, drought resistance and water-wet resistance, low requirement on soil, strong rooting property and developed root system, and is beneficial to survival; secondly, the honeysuckle is shrub which grows for many years, and the purpose of thoroughly treating and repairing the mine can be fully realized after the honeysuckle is planted and survived; thirdly, the honeysuckle has better economic value, and the economic value can be created while the mine is treated; and finally, the optimal planting time of the vetiver grass is 3-5 months, the growth cycle of the vetiver grass is 180-plus 250 days, the optimal planting time of the honeysuckle is 6-10 months, the planting time of the honeysuckle is coordinated with the growth cycle of the vetiver grass, when the vetiver grass is in a withered yellow period, the honeysuckle can play a role in fixing soil and water, and the honeysuckle and the vetiver grass are different in height, so that the combined repairing effect can be realized in time and space, the mine ground surface looks well-arranged, and the repairing effect is good. The sea-buckthorn is a positive tree species, is favored by light, can grow under sparse forests, but cannot adapt to forest regions with large canopy density. The sea buckthorn has low requirement on soil, is distributed on millettia, sierolime, brownish calcium, meadow and black soil, and can grow in gravelly soil, light saline-alkali soil, sandy soil and even arsenic sandstone and half-stone half-land areas but is not favored to be excessively heavy soil. Sea buckthorn, although not a leguminous plant, is also symbiotic with certain nitrogen-fixing bacteria that grow on the root system of sea buckthorn, forming nodules. The sea-buckthorn and the azotobacter interact with each other to fix nitrogen.
Further, the variety of the slope protection turf in the step (6) is bermuda grass, paspalum natatum, tall fescue or ryegrass.
The beneficial effect that above-mentioned scheme produced does: the planted turf can fix soil and moisture on the surface layer of the slope, so that water and soil loss is avoided, the coverage rate of the soil is improved, and the repairing effect is improved.
The beneficial effects produced by the invention are as follows:
according to the mine broken stone side slope restoration method, the existing side slope is adopted to construct the concrete frame, the initial fixation of the side slope soil is realized through the concrete frame, then the soil conditioner is sprayed on the side slope and the flat land, the nutrition condition of the mine soil is improved through the soil conditioner, and the survival of the following planted plants is facilitated; firstly planting vetiver grass, further fixing soil through root systems of the vetiver grass, then planting honeysuckle and sea buckthorn, improving the soil fixing effect of plants, finally planting turf on the surface layer, realizing full coverage of the soil, planting the vetiver grass, the honeysuckle, the sea buckthorn and the turf, and forming a series-connection three-dimensional repairing effect through alternation of time and space.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope descending, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope, and reducing the slope of the side slope to 40 degrees to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land;
(2) constructing concrete grids with the size of 2 multiplied by 2m on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) and (3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2) in a dry spraying manner, wherein the spraying thickness is 15-30cm, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of clay loam, 10 parts of straw residues, 5 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of expanded vermiculite, 5 parts of volcanic rock, 10 parts of animal manure, 5 parts of compound fertilizer and 2 parts of microbial agent;
(4) planting vetiver grass in the concrete frame and the tailing flat ground after treatment in the step (3), wherein the planting row spacing is 60cm multiplied by 60cm, the root system of the planted vetiver grass is 5cm, and the overground part is 15 cm;
(5) planting honeysuckle and sea buckthorn in the gaps among the vetiver grass planted in the step (4), wherein the planting row spacing is 150cm multiplied by 100 cm;
(6) planting ryegrass turf in the gap between the vetiver grass and the shrub planted in the step (5);
(7) the planted plants are maintained and managed manually, and are irrigated and fertilized in time, so that the nutrition and moisture of the plants are sufficient.
Example 2
An ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope descending, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope, and reducing the slope of the side slope to 50 degrees to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land;
(2) constructing a concrete frame with the size of 4 multiplied by 4m on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) and (3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2) in a dry spraying mode, wherein the spraying thickness is 30cm, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of clay loam, 20 parts of straw residues, 15 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of expanded vermiculite, 15 parts of volcanic rock, 20 parts of animal wastes, 10 parts of compound fertilizer and 5 parts of microbial agent;
(4) planting vetiver grass in the concrete frame and the tailing flat ground after treatment in the step (3), wherein the planting row spacing is 90cm multiplied by 90cm, the root system of the planted vetiver grass is 10cm, and the overground part is 20 cm;
(5) planting honeysuckle and sea buckthorn in the gaps among the vetiver grass planted in the step (4), wherein the planting row spacing is 180cm multiplied by 120 cm;
(6) planting tall fescue grass turf in the gap between the vetiver grass planted in the step (5) and shrubs;
(7) the planted plants are maintained and managed manually, and are irrigated and fertilized in time, so that the nutrition and moisture of the plants are sufficient.
Example 3
An ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope descending, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope, and reducing the slope of the side slope to 35 degrees to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land;
(2) constructing a concrete frame with the size of 3 multiplied by 3m on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) and (3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2) in a dry spraying mode, wherein the spraying thickness is 20cm, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of clay loam, 15 parts of straw residues, 10 parts of bentonite, 12 parts of expanded vermiculite, 10 parts of volcanic rock, 13 parts of animal wastes, 7 parts of compound fertilizer and 2 parts of microbial agent;
(4) planting vetiver grass in the concrete frame and the tailing flat ground after treatment in the step (3), wherein the planting row spacing is 70cm multiplied by 80cm, the root system of the planted vetiver grass is 6cm, and the overground part is 17 cm;
(5) planting honeysuckle and sea buckthorn in the gaps among the vetiver grass planted in the step (4), wherein the planting row spacing is 160cm multiplied by 110 cm;
(6) planting paspalum natatum in the gap between the vetiver grass planted in the step (5) and the shrub;
(7) the planted plants are maintained and managed manually, and are irrigated and fertilized in time, so that the nutrition and moisture of the plants are sufficient.
Example 4
An ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope descending, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope, and reducing the slope of the side slope to 45 degrees to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land;
(2) constructing a concrete frame with the size of 4 multiplied by 3m on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) and (3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2) in a dry spraying mode, wherein the spraying thickness is 25cm, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of clay loam, 15 parts of straw residues, 6 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of expanded vermiculite, 7 parts of volcanic rock, 15 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of compound fertilizer and 3 parts of microbial agent;
(4) planting vetiver grass in the concrete frame and the tailing flat ground after treatment in the step (3), wherein the planting row spacing is 75cm multiplied by 75cm, the root system of the planted vetiver grass is 6cm, and the overground part is 16 cm;
(5) planting honeysuckle and sea buckthorn in the gaps among the vetiver grass planted in the step (4), wherein the planting row spacing is 150cm multiplied by 110 cm;
(6) planting bermuda grass turf in the gap between the vetiver grass planted in the step (5) and the shrub;
(7) the planted plants are maintained and managed manually, and are irrigated and fertilized in time, so that the nutrition and moisture of the plants are sufficient.
Comparative example 1
An ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope descending, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope, and reducing the slope of the side slope to 45 degrees to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land;
(2) constructing concrete frames with the size of 5 multiplied by 5m on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) and (3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2) in a dry spraying mode, wherein the spraying thickness is 10cm, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of clay loam, 15 parts of straw residues, 6 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of expanded vermiculite, 7 parts of volcanic rock, 15 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of compound fertilizer and 3 parts of microbial agent;
(4) planting vetiver grass in the concrete frame and the tailing flat ground after treatment in the step (3), wherein the planting row spacing is 75cm multiplied by 75cm, the root system of the planted vetiver grass is 6cm, and the overground part is 16 cm;
(5) planting bermuda grass turf in gaps among the vetiver grass planted in the step (4);
(6) the planted plants are maintained and managed manually, and are irrigated and fertilized in time, so that the nutrition and moisture of the plants are sufficient.
Comparative example 2
An ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope descending, slope cutting and finishing on the mine broken stone side slope, and reducing the slope of the side slope to 45 degrees to form a step shape with the side slope alternating with the flat land;
(2) constructing a concrete frame with the size of 4 multiplied by 3m on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) and (3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2) in a dry spraying mode, wherein the spraying thickness is 25cm, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of clay loam, 7 parts of straw residues, 6 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of expanded vermiculite, 7 parts of volcanic rock, 15 parts of animal manure, 8 parts of compound fertilizer and 3 parts of microbial agent;
(4) planting wild cattle grass in the concrete frame treated in the step (3) and on the tailing flat ground, wherein the planting row spacing is 75cm multiplied by 75 cm;
(5) planting medlar in gaps among the wild cattle grass planted in the step (4), wherein the planting row spacing is 150cm multiplied by 110 cm;
(6) planting bermuda grass turf in the gaps among the Chinese wolfberry planted in the step (5);
(7) the planted plants are maintained and managed manually, and are irrigated and fertilized in time, so that the nutrition and moisture of the plants are sufficient.
Test examples
The mine slope surfaces in the same mine area are repaired by the methods in the examples 1-4 and the comparative example 1, the plant coverage rate of each slope surface is observed after one year of repair, and the specific results are shown in the table 1.
Table 1: statistical table of plant coverage
According to the table, the mine is repaired according to the method in the embodiments 1-4, the repairing effect is good, after one year of repair, the coverage rate of the mine vegetation is high, the repairing time is short, the root system of the plant extends into the mine soil after the plant survives, the mine soil is fully fixed, the water and soil loss is avoided, and the purpose of thorough treatment is achieved.
Comparing the data in the comparative example 1 with the data in the examples 1 to 4, it is known that the excessive concrete frame results in insufficient primary fixing effect on the mine broken stone slope soil, which easily causes soil loss, and meanwhile, the insufficient spraying thickness of the soil conditioner causes the planted vetiver grass not to survive easily, and the mine restoration effect is poor due to comprehensive reasons; moreover, after the growth cycle of the vetiver grass is finished, the condition of greening fault can occur, and the repairing effect is further reduced.
Comparing the data in comparative example 2 with the data in examples 1 to 4, it was found that replacing vetiver with nigella sativa and replacing honeysuckle with lycium barbarum resulted in poor repairing effect and reduced plant coverage due to the failure of mutual synergy between lycium barbarum and nigella sativa.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope by taking vetiver grass as drive is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out slope descending and slope cutting finishing on a broken stone type side slope formed in the mined mine to form a step shape with a side slope alternating with a flat land;
(2) constructing concrete frames on the side slope trimmed in the step (1);
(3) spraying a soil conditioner into the concrete frame formed in the step (2);
(4) planting vetiver grass in the concrete frame treated in the step (3) and on the tailing flat ground;
(5) planting shrubs in gaps of the vetiver grass planted in the step (4);
(6) planting slope protection turf in the gap between the vetiver grass and the shrub planted in the step (5);
(7) and carrying out artificial maintenance management on the planted plants.
2. The ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the size of the concrete frame in step (2) is 2-4 x 2-4 m.
3. The ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slopes driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying thickness of the soil conditioner in the step (3) is 15-30 cm.
4. The ecological restoration method for mine broken stone side slope driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the soil conditioner in step (3) is composed of the following components by weight: 30-50 parts of clay loam, 10-20 parts of straw residues, 5-15 parts of bentonite, 5-15 parts of expanded vermiculite, 5-15 parts of volcanic rock, 10-20 parts of animal wastes, 5-10 parts of compound fertilizer and 2-5 parts of microbial agent.
5. The mine broken stone slope ecological restoration method driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 4, wherein the soil conditioner in the step (3) is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of clay loam, 15 parts of straw residues, 6 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of expanded vermiculite, 7 parts of volcanic rock, 15 parts of animal wastes, 8 parts of compound fertilizer and 3 parts of microbial agent.
6. The ecological restoration method for mine broken stone slopes driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the row spacing of the vetiver grass when planted is 60-90cm x 60-90 cm.
7. The ecological restoration method for mine broken stone slopes driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein the root system of the vetiver grass planted in step (4) is 5-10cm long, and the overground part is 15-20cm long.
8. The ecological restoration method for mine broken stone slope driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting row spacing of shrubs in step (5) is 150-.
9. The method for restoring the ecology of the mine broken stone side slope driven by the vetiver grass according to the claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the shrubs in the step (5) are honeysuckle and sea buckthorn.
10. The method for ecologically restoring mine broken stone side slope driven by vetiver grass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grass variety of slope protection in step (6) is bermuda grass, paspalum natatum, tall fescue or ryegrass.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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