CN111990147A - Method for planting tea trees by using film mulching method - Google Patents
Method for planting tea trees by using film mulching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111990147A CN111990147A CN202010905145.1A CN202010905145A CN111990147A CN 111990147 A CN111990147 A CN 111990147A CN 202010905145 A CN202010905145 A CN 202010905145A CN 111990147 A CN111990147 A CN 111990147A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/09—Watering arrangements making use of movable installations on wheels or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/08—Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting tea trees by a film covering method, which discloses a film preparing and covering device.A film preparing mechanism deeply ploughs a tea tree planting field through a hoe cutter, a circular cutter and a rake cutter, mechanically ploughs the tea tree planting field, reduces the difficulty of tea tree planting, manufactures a pH adjusting solution through a watering and fertilizing mechanism, improves the pH value of soil so as to achieve the planting environment of the tea trees, manufactures a granular organic fertilizer, reduces and homogenizes the volume of the organic fertilizer, homogenizes the fertilizer, improves the nutrient content of the soil, promotes the growth of the tea trees, is provided with a film covering roller, and covers a degradable biological agricultural film on the watered and fertilized tea tree planting field so as to ensure that the soil of the tea tree planting field is sufficient in moisture and nutrition and reduce the death rate of tea tree seedlings; this soil preparation laminating equipment can accomplish soil preparation, water, fertilize, tectorial membrane process simultaneously, and degree of automation is high, has improved the planting efficiency of tea tree effectively, has reduced the input of manpower, time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a method for planting tea trees by a film mulching method.
Background
Tea trees are common plants with high added value in China, and are popular among people all the time. Tea is one of four major drinks in the world and is a daily indispensable drink for Chinese people. Modern science proves that the tea contains more than 600 chemical components, twenty-eight elements necessary for human bodies, a plurality of vitamins and rich glucose, and is a health-care food with high economic value.
However, the planting requirement of tea trees is high, tea tree seedlings are easy to die when being planted, and the death reason is mainly that the tea tree seedlings die due to the fact that moisture preservation of water and soil is insufficient, the external temperature cannot reach the condition for enabling the seedlings to grow fast, and weeds absorb fertilizers. And the tea trees grow slowly, and the tea seedlings can produce tea in about 3 years, so that more time and labor are spent, and the economic benefit of the tea trees is seriously influenced.
Therefore, the problems to be solved by the invention are how to improve the problems that the planting difficulty of tea trees is high, the time and labor are more, the water and soil moisture preservation of the tea tree planting field is insufficient, and the tea trees are not easy to survive.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for planting tea trees by a film covering method, thereby reducing the planting difficulty of the tea trees and improving the survival rate of the planted tea tree seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a method for planting tea trees by a film covering method, which comprises the following steps: hanging the end part of a tripod of land preparation and film covering equipment on a carrier, adding clear water into a water storage tank from a water feeding port, adding a pH regulator into the clear water, adding an organic fertilizer into the fertilizer storage tank from a fertilizer feeding port, installing a film covering roller wound with a degradable biological agricultural film on a film covering installation shaft, retracting a moving wheel through contraction of a movable rod of a fourth cylinder, lowering the position of a circular cutter through driving of a second cylinder, lowering the position of a rake cutter through driving of a third cylinder, enabling the hoe cutter, the circular cutter and the rake cutter to be in contact with the ground of a tea tree planting field, driving the land preparation and film covering equipment to move on the tea tree planting field through the carrier, deeply ploughing the tea tree planting field through the hoe cutter, the circular cutter and the rake cutter in the moving process of the land preparation and film covering equipment, and driving a spiral stirring blade to rotate through operation of a stirring motor to disperse the pH regulator into the clear water to obtain a, pH adjusting solution sprays to the ground of tea tree planting ground through the shower, make the compression roller that revolves through the operation of granulation motor and remove on the granulation inslot wall, extrude the granulation with the fertilizer from the shaping hole, divide material passageway through a plurality of and get into in the soil, fertilize the tea tree planting ground, then degradable biological agricultural film covers on the soil surface of exerting granular organic fertilizer, it is big to have solved current tea tree planting degree of difficulty, the time and the manpower of cost are more, and the water and soil moisturizing in tea tree planting ground is not enough, the difficult problem of surviving of tea tree.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for planting the tea trees by the film mulching method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: hanging the end part of a tripod of land preparation and film covering equipment on a carrier, adding clear water into a water storage tank from a water feeding port, adding a pH regulator into the clear water, adding an organic fertilizer into the fertilizer storage tank from a fertilizer feeding port, installing a film covering roller wound with a degradable biological agricultural film on a film covering installation shaft, retracting a moving wheel through contraction of a movable rod of a fourth cylinder, lowering the position of a circular cutter through driving of a second cylinder, lowering the position of a rake cutter through driving of a third cylinder, enabling the hoe cutter, the circular cutter and the rake cutter to be in contact with the ground of a tea tree planting field, driving the land preparation and film covering equipment to move on the tea tree planting field through the carrier, deeply ploughing the tea tree planting field through the hoe cutter, the circular cutter and the rake cutter in the moving process of the land preparation and film covering equipment, and driving a spiral stirring blade to rotate through operation of a stirring motor to disperse the pH regulator into the clear water to obtain a, spraying the pH adjusting solution to the ground of the tea tree planting land through a spraying pipe, adjusting the pH value of soil to 4.5-6.5, enabling a spinning roller to move on the inner wall of a granulation groove through the operation of a granulation motor, extruding organic fertilizer into granules from a forming hole, entering the soil through a plurality of material distribution channels, fertilizing the tea tree planting land, and then covering a degradable biological agricultural film on the surface of the soil applied with the granular organic fertilizer;
step two: after covering the ground surface of the tea tree planting with the degradable biological agricultural film for one week, pricking and transplanting tea tree seedlings, keeping the planting temperature under the degradable biological agricultural film at 20-25 ℃, and keeping the water content of the soil at 20-30%;
step three: after the transplanted tea tree seedlings grow for 1 year, the degradable biological agricultural film is degraded, and the tea tree seedlings grow into tea trees in the tea production initial stage.
As a further scheme of the invention: the depth of the deep ploughing is 30-40 cm; the application amount is 500-900 kg per mu.
As a further scheme of the invention: the pH regulator is lime, aluminum sulfate and ferrous sulfate, and is used for regulating the pH value of the soil to 4.5-6.5 according to the soil condition; the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 30-50 parts of silkworm excrement, 50-80 parts of tea, 40-70 parts of straw and 20-50 parts of peanut bran; the organic fertilizer is fermented in advance, and the fermentation time is 3-6 months.
As a further scheme of the invention: the thickness of the degradable biological agricultural film is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the degradable biological agricultural film is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of straw fiber, 30-40 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 6-12 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of white mineral oil, 2-4 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorbent and 5-10 parts of degrading agent; wherein the degrading agent is starch grafted SBS or starch grafted PMMA.
As a further scheme of the invention: the working process of the land preparation laminating equipment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the end part of a tripod of the land preparation and film covering equipment is hung on a carrier, clear water is added into a water storage tank from a water adding port, a pH regulator is added into the clear water, an organic fertilizer is added into a fertilizer storage tank from a fertilizer adding port, and a film covering roller wound with a degradable biological agricultural film is arranged on a film covering installation shaft;
step two: the land preparation and film covering equipment is moved to a tea tree planting field through a carrier, a fourth cylinder is started, a movable rod of the fourth cylinder contracts to drive a second mounting rod to turn over through a third connecting plate, the height of a movable wheel is increased, the movable wheel is folded, the second cylinder is started, the movable rod of the second cylinder extends to drive the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate to descend, the position of a circular cutter is driven to descend, the third cylinder is started, the movable rod of the third cylinder extends to drive the supporting frame to descend, the position of a rake cutter is driven to descend, and the hoe cutter, the circular cutter and the rake cutter are made to contact with the ground of the tea tree planting field;
step three: the end part of the degradable biological agricultural film is drawn out and fixed on the ground of the tea plant planting field, the land preparation and film covering equipment is driven by the carrier to move on the tea plant planting field, in the moving process of the land preparation and film covering equipment, the tea tree planting land is deeply ploughed through the hoe knife, the circular cutter and the rake knife, the stirring motor is started, the stirring motor operates to drive the spiral stirring blade to rotate so as to disperse the pH regulator in clear water to obtain a pH regulating solution, the pH regulating solution is sprayed to the ground of the tea tree planting land through the spraying pipe, the granulation motor is started, the granulation motor operates to drive the triangular plate to rotate, thereby driving the spinning roller to move on the inner wall of the granulation tank, extruding the organic fertilizer falling into the inner cavity of the granulation tank into granules from the forming holes to obtain granular organic fertilizer, feeding the granular organic fertilizer into the fertilizing pipe, enters the soil through a plurality of material distributing channels, and then the degradable biological agricultural film is covered on the surface of the soil applied with the granular organic fertilizer.
As a further scheme of the invention: the land preparation and film covering equipment comprises a land preparation mechanism, a watering and fertilizing mechanism and supporting plates, wherein the supporting plates are arranged on two sides of the top of the land preparation mechanism, and the watering and fertilizing mechanisms are arranged on the tops of the supporting plates on two sides;
the land preparation mechanism comprises an installation frame, a longitudinal support rod, a hoe blade, a circular cutter, a rake blade and a film coating roller, wherein the longitudinal support rod is installed on a longitudinal central line inside the installation frame, a transverse support rod is installed at the bottom of the longitudinal support rod, a hanging frame is installed at one end of the installation frame, a plurality of hoe blades are installed at the other end of the installation frame and on the transverse support rod, two ends of the transverse support rod are respectively connected to two second clamping plates, the two second clamping plates are respectively installed on two sides of the installation frame, a first clamping plate and a third clamping plate are installed on the longitudinal support rod, and the first clamping plate and the third clamping plate are respectively located on two sides of the transverse support;
one end of the hanging frame is rotatably connected with a tripod, the top of the tripod is rotatably connected to a movable rod of a first cylinder, one end, far away from the tripod, of the first cylinder is rotatably connected to an installation frame, the top of the first clamping plate is rotatably connected with one end of a second cylinder, the movable rod of the second cylinder is rotatably connected to the top of a first connecting plate, linkage rods are rotatably mounted on two sides of the top of the first connecting plate, one end, far away from the first connecting plate, of each linkage rod is rotatably connected to the top of a second connecting plate, first installation rods are mounted at the bottoms of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, a plurality of U-shaped elastic plates are equidistantly mounted on the first installation rods, and a hoe blade is mounted at one end of the bottoms of the U-;
one end of the top of each of the two second clamping plates is rotatably connected with a third cylinder, a movable rod of each third cylinder is rotatably connected to the top end of one side of each T-shaped plate, the bottom ends of one sides of the two T-shaped plates are respectively rotatably connected to two ends of the supporting frame, the other ends of the two T-shaped plates are rotatably connected to two sides of the mounting frame, L-shaped plates are rotatably mounted on the tops of two ends of the supporting frame, the tops of the two L-shaped plates are respectively rotatably connected to two sides of the mounting frame, and a plurality of raking knives are mounted on the supporting frame;
a fourth cylinder is rotatably connected to the top of the third clamping plate, an output shaft of the fourth cylinder is rotatably connected with a third connecting plate, the third connecting plate is sleeved and mounted in the middle of the second mounting rod, fourth connecting plates are sleeved and mounted at two ends of the second mounting rod, and a moving wheel is mounted at one end of each fourth connecting plate through a rotating shaft;
both sides the inside third installation pole that all installs of second splint, the third installation pole outside is provided with spacing splint, two spacing splint are installed respectively on the installation frame both sides, two the third installation pole is kept away from second splint one end and is connected to respectively on the fixed plate top both ends, the tectorial membrane mounting panel is all installed, two at the fixed plate both ends the tectorial membrane mounting panel cup joints respectively on the both ends of tectorial membrane installation axle, the both ends screw thread of tectorial membrane installation axle has cup jointed screw thread locating plate, two the screw thread locating plate is located the outside of tectorial membrane mounting panel respectively, the tectorial membrane roller has been cup jointed on the installation axle of tectorial membrane.
As a further scheme of the invention: the watering and fertilizing mechanism comprises a water storage tank, a fertilizer storage tank, a stirring motor and a granulation motor, wherein the water storage tank and the fertilizer storage tank are connected, a water filling port is formed in one side of the top of the water storage tank, the stirring motor is installed in the circle center of the top of the water storage tank, a spiral stirring blade is installed on an output shaft of the stirring motor and located in an inner cavity of the water storage tank, a drain pipe is installed at the bottom of the water storage tank and communicated to the middle of one side of a spray pipe, and a plurality of spray holes are formed in the other side of the spray pipe at equal intervals;
a fertilizer adding opening is formed in one side of the top of the fertilizer storage box, a granulation motor is installed in the circle center of the top of the fertilizer storage box, two triangular plates are sleeved at the bottom end of an output shaft of the granulation motor, rotary compression rollers are rotatably installed between three corners of the two triangular plates through rotating shafts, the three rotary compression rollers are connected to the inner wall of a granulation groove in a rolling mode, a plurality of forming holes are formed in the side face of the granulation groove, the forming holes and the rotary compression rollers are matched components, the top of the granulation groove is installed at the bottom of a flow guide sleeve, the flow guide sleeve is installed on the inner wall of the fertilizer storage box, a material receiving hopper is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer storage box, and a fertilizer applying;
the fertilizing tube comprises a first distributing tube, a second distributing tube, a clamping and connecting plate and distributing channels, the first distributing tube and the second distributing tube are connected through the clamping and connecting plate, a plurality of distributing channels are arranged in inner cavities of the first distributing tube and the second distributing tube, and the clamping and connecting plate is installed on the longitudinal supporting rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a method for planting tea trees by a film covering method, which comprises the steps of hanging the end part of a tripod of land preparation and film covering equipment on a carrier, adding clear water into a water storage tank from a water adding port, adding a pH regulator into the clear water, adding an organic fertilizer into a fertilizer storage tank from a fertilizer adding port, mounting a film covering roller wound with a degradable biological agricultural film on a film covering mounting shaft, moving the land preparation and film covering equipment to a tea tree planting field by the carrier, starting a fourth air cylinder, enabling a movable rod of the fourth air cylinder to contract to drive a second mounting rod to turn over through a third connecting plate, increasing the height of a movable wheel, retracting the movable wheel, starting a second air cylinder, enabling the movable rod of the second air cylinder to extend to drive the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate to descend, driving the position of a circular cutter to descend, starting the third air cylinder, enabling the movable rod of the third air cylinder to extend to drive the height of a supporting frame to, the hoe knife, the circular cutter and the rake knife are contacted with the ground of a tea tree planting field, the end part of the degradable biological agricultural film is pulled out and fixed on the ground of the tea tree planting field, the land preparation film covering equipment is driven to move on the tea tree planting field through the carrier, the land preparation film covering equipment carries out deep ploughing on the tea tree planting field through the hoe knife, the circular cutter and the rake knife in the moving process, the stirring motor is started, the stirring motor operates to drive the spiral stirring blade to rotate to disperse the pH regulator in clear water to obtain a pH regulating solution, the pH regulating solution is sprayed to the ground of the tea tree planting field through the spraying pipe, the granulation motor is started, the granulation motor operates to drive the triangular plate to rotate, so as to drive the rotary pressing roller to move on the inner wall of the granulation groove, organic fertilizer falling into the inner cavity of the granulation groove is extruded into granules from the forming holes to obtain granular organic fertilizer, the granular organic fertilizer enters the, then covering the degradable biological agricultural film on the surface of the soil applied with the granular organic fertilizer; the soil preparation mechanism of the soil preparation laminating equipment deeply ploughs a tea tree planting field through the hoe blade, the circular cutter and the rake blade, mechanically ploughs the tea tree planting field, reduces the difficulty of tea tree planting, manufactures a pH adjusting solution through the watering and fertilizing mechanism, improves the pH value of soil, achieves the planting environment of the tea tree, manufactures a granular organic fertilizer, reduces and homogenizes the volume of the organic fertilizer, homogenizes the fertilizer, improves the nutrient content of the soil, promotes the growth of the tea tree, is provided with the laminating roller, and ensures that the soil moisture and the nutrition of the tea tree planting field are sufficient by covering the watered and fertilized tea tree planting field with a degradable biological agricultural film, thereby reducing the death rate of tea tree seedlings; this soil preparation laminating equipment can accomplish soil preparation, water, fertilize, tectorial membrane process simultaneously, and degree of automation is high, has improved the planting efficiency of tea tree effectively, has reduced the input of manpower, time.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a land preparation mulching apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the soil preparation mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a connection view of a first cylinder and a tripod in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of the circular cutter of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the raking blade of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the assembly of the moving wheel of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an assembled view of the mounting shaft for the covering membrane of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a connection view of the mounting shaft for film coating, the threaded positioning plate and the film coating roller in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a watering and fertilizing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the watering and fertilizing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a view showing the connection of a set square, a granulation tank and a spinning roller according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a granulation tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a view showing the connection of a set square and a spinning roller according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a view of the connection of the drain pipe and the shower pipe in the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a top plan view of the receiving hopper of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the fertilizing tube of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a soil preparation mechanism; 200. a watering and fertilizing mechanism; 300. a support plate; 101. a mounting frame; 102. a longitudinal support bar; 103. hanging a rack; 104. a first splint; 105. a second splint; 106. a third splint; 107. hoeing; 108. a transverse support bar; 109. a first cylinder; 110. a tripod; 111. a second cylinder; 112. a first connecting plate; 113. a linkage rod; 114. a second connecting plate; 115. a first mounting bar; 116. a U-shaped springboard; 117. a circular cutter; 118. a third cylinder; 119. a T-shaped plate; 120. a support frame; 121. an L-shaped plate; 122. raking a cutter; 123. a fourth cylinder; 124. a third connecting plate; 125. a second mounting bar; 126. a fourth connecting plate; 127. a moving wheel; 128. a third mounting bar; 129. a limiting clamp plate; 130. a fixing plate; 131. laminating a mounting plate; 132. film covering installation shafts; 133. a threaded positioning plate; 134. a film coating roller; 201. a water storage tank; 202. a fertilizer storage box; 203. a water filling port; 204. adding fertilizer; 205. a stirring motor; 206. a granulation motor; 207. a drain pipe; 208. a shower pipe; 209. fertilizing a pipe; 210. a receiving hopper; 211. a spiral stirring blade; 212. a flow guide sleeve; 213. a set square; 214. a granulation tank; 215. forming holes; 216. a spinning roller; 2091. a first material dividing pipe; 2092. a second material dividing pipe; 2093. a clamping and connecting plate; 2094. a material distributing channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 16, the present embodiment is a method for planting tea trees by using a film covering method, including the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: hanging the end of a tripod 110 of soil preparation and film covering equipment on a carrier, adding clear water into a water storage tank 201 from a water adding port 203, adding a pH regulator into the clear water, adding an organic fertilizer into a fertilizer storage tank 202 from a fertilizer adding port 204, installing a film covering roller 134 wound with a degradable biological agricultural film on a film covering installation shaft 132, retracting a moving wheel 127 through contraction of a moving rod of a fourth air cylinder 123, driving the position of a circular cutter 117 to descend through a second air cylinder 111, driving the position of a rake blade 122 to descend through a third air cylinder 118, enabling a hoe blade 107, the circular cutter 117 and the rake blade 122 to contact with the ground of a planting field, driving the soil preparation and film covering equipment to move on the tea tree planting field through the carrier, deeply ploughing the tea tree planting field through the hoe blade 107, the circular cutter 117 and the rake blade 122 during the movement of the soil preparation and film covering equipment, driving a spiral stirring blade 211 to rotate through operation of a stirring motor 205 to disperse the pH regulator into the clear water, obtaining a pH adjusting solution, spraying the pH adjusting solution to the ground of the tea tree planting land through a spraying pipe 208, adjusting the pH value of soil to 4.5-6.5, enabling a spinning roller 216 to move on the inner wall of a granulating groove 214 through the operation of a granulating motor 206, extruding organic fertilizer into granules from a forming hole 215, entering the soil through a plurality of material distributing channels 2094, fertilizing the tea tree planting land, and then covering a degradable biological agricultural film on the surface of the soil applied with the granular organic fertilizer;
step two: after covering the ground surface of the tea tree planting with the degradable biological agricultural film for one week, pricking and transplanting tea tree seedlings, keeping the planting temperature under the degradable biological agricultural film at 20-25 ℃, and keeping the water content of the soil at 20-30%;
step three: after the transplanted tea tree seedlings grow for 1 year, the degradable biological agricultural film is degraded, and the tea tree seedlings grow into tea trees in the tea production initial stage.
The depth of the deep ploughing is 30-40 cm; the application amount is 500-900 kg per mu.
The pH regulator is lime, aluminum sulfate and ferrous sulfate, and is used for regulating the pH value of the soil to 4.5-6.5 according to the soil condition; the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 50 parts of silkworm excrement, 80 parts of tea, 70 parts of straw and 50 parts of peanut bran; the organic fertilizer is fermented in advance, and the fermentation time is 4 months.
The thickness of the degradable biological agricultural film is 0.6mm, and the degradable biological agricultural film is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of straw fiber, 40 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of white mineral oil, 4 parts of antioxidant, 2 parts of ultraviolet absorbent and 10 parts of degradation agent; wherein the degrading agent is starch grafted SBS.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1 to 16, the land preparation and film covering device in the present embodiment includes a land preparation mechanism 100, a watering and fertilizing mechanism 200, and support plates 300, wherein the support plates 300 are installed on both sides of the top of the land preparation mechanism 100, and the watering and fertilizing mechanisms 200 are installed on the tops of the support plates 300 on both sides;
the soil preparation mechanism 100 comprises a mounting frame 101, a longitudinal support rod 102, hoes 107, a circular cutter 117, a rake 122 and a film coating roller 134, wherein the longitudinal support rod 102 is mounted on a longitudinal center line inside the mounting frame 101, a transverse support rod 108 is mounted at the bottom of the longitudinal support rod 102, a hanging frame 103 is mounted at one end of the mounting frame 101, a plurality of hoes 107 are mounted at the other end of the mounting frame 101 and on the transverse support rod 108, two ends of the transverse support rod 108 are respectively connected to two second clamping plates 105, the two second clamping plates 105 are respectively mounted on two sides of the mounting frame 101, a first clamping plate 104 and a third clamping plate 106 are mounted on the longitudinal support rod 102, and the first clamping plate 104 and the third clamping plate 106 are respectively located on two sides of the transverse support rod 108;
one end of the hanging frame 103 is rotatably connected with a tripod 110, the top of the tripod 110 is rotatably connected to a movable rod of a first cylinder 109, one end of the first cylinder 109, which is far away from the tripod 110, is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 101, the top of the first clamping plate 104 is rotatably connected to one end of a second cylinder 111, the movable rod of the second cylinder 111 is rotatably connected to the top of a first connecting plate 112, linkage rods 113 are rotatably mounted on both sides of the top of the first connecting plate 112, one end of the linkage rod 113, which is far away from the first connecting plate 112, is rotatably connected to the top of a second connecting plate 114, first mounting rods 115 are mounted at the bottoms of the first connecting plate 112 and the second connecting plate 114, a plurality of U-shaped elastic plates 116 are equidistantly mounted on the first mounting rods 115, and a hoe blade 107 is mounted at one end of the bottoms of;
one end of the top of each of the two second clamping plates 105 is rotatably connected with a third air cylinder 118, a movable rod of the third air cylinder 118 is rotatably connected to the top end of one side of a T-shaped plate 119, the bottom ends of one side of the two T-shaped plates 119 are respectively rotatably connected to two ends of a supporting frame 120, the other ends of the two T-shaped plates 119 are rotatably connected to two sides of the mounting frame 101, the tops of two ends of the supporting frame 120 are rotatably provided with L-shaped plates 121, the top ends of the two L-shaped plates 121 are respectively rotatably connected to two sides of the mounting frame 101, and the supporting frame 120 is provided with a plurality of;
a fourth cylinder 123 is rotatably connected to the top of the third clamping plate 106, an output shaft of the fourth cylinder 123 is rotatably connected to a third connecting plate 124, the third connecting plate 124 is sleeved and mounted in the middle of a second mounting rod 125, both ends of the second mounting rod 125 are sleeved and mounted with a fourth connecting plate 126, and one end of the fourth connecting plate 126 is mounted with a movable wheel 127 through a rotating shaft;
third mounting rods 128 are mounted inside the second clamping plates 105 on two sides, limiting clamping plates 129 are arranged on the outer sides of the third mounting rods 128, the two limiting clamping plates 129 are respectively mounted on two sides of the mounting frame 101, one ends, far away from the second clamping plates 105, of the two third mounting rods 128 are respectively connected to two ends of the top of a fixing plate 130, film covering mounting plates 131 are mounted at two ends of the fixing plate 130, the two film covering mounting plates 131 are respectively sleeved on two ends of a film covering mounting shaft 132, thread positioning plates 133 are sleeved at two ends of the film covering mounting shaft 132 in a threaded manner, the two thread positioning plates 133 are respectively located on the outer sides of the film covering mounting plates 131, and a film covering roller 134 is sleeved on the film covering mounting shaft;
the watering and fertilizing mechanism 200 comprises a water storage tank 201, a fertilizer storage tank 202, a stirring motor 205 and a granulation motor 206, wherein the water storage tank 201 and the fertilizer storage tank 202 are connected, a water adding port 203 is arranged on one side of the top of the water storage tank 201, the stirring motor 205 is installed at the circle center of the top of the water storage tank 201, a spiral stirring blade 211 is installed on an output shaft of the stirring motor 205, the spiral stirring blade 211 is located in an inner cavity of the water storage tank 201, a drain pipe 207 is installed at the bottom of the water storage tank 201, the drain pipe 207 is communicated to the middle of one side of a spraying pipe 208, and a plurality of spraying holes are equidistantly formed in the other side of the spraying;
a fertilizer adding opening 204 is formed in one side of the top of the fertilizer storage box 202, a granulation motor 206 is installed at the center of the circle of the top of the fertilizer storage box 202, two triangular plates 213 are sleeved at the bottom end of an output shaft of the granulation motor 206, spinning rollers 216 are rotatably installed between three corners of the two triangular plates 213 through rotating shafts, the three spinning rollers 216 are all connected to the inner wall of a granulation groove 214 in a rolling mode, a plurality of forming holes 215 are formed in the side face of the granulation groove 214, the forming holes 215 and the spinning rollers 216 are matched components, the top of the granulation groove 214 is installed at the bottom of a guide sleeve 212, the guide sleeve 212 is installed on the inner wall of the fertilizer storage box 202, a receiving hopper 210 is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer storage box 202, and a fertilizer applying pipe 209 is arranged;
the fertilizing tube 209 comprises a first distributing tube 2091, a second distributing tube 2092, a clamping plate 2093 and distributing channels 2094, the first distributing tube 2091 and the second distributing tube 2092 are connected through the clamping plate 2093, a plurality of distributing channels 2094 are arranged in inner cavities of the first distributing tube 2091 and the second distributing tube 2092, and the clamping plate 2093 is mounted on the longitudinal support rod 102.
Referring to fig. 1 to 16, the working process of the land preparation and film covering apparatus in this embodiment is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the end part of a tripod 110 of the land preparation and film covering equipment is hung on a carrier, clear water is added into a water storage tank 201 from a water adding port 203, a pH regulator is added into the clear water, organic fertilizer is added into a fertilizer storage tank 202 from a fertilizer adding port 204, and a film covering roller 134 wound with a degradable biological agricultural film is arranged on a film covering mounting shaft 132;
step two: the land preparation and film covering equipment is moved to a tea tree planting field through a carrier, a fourth air cylinder 123 is started, a movable rod of the fourth air cylinder 123 contracts to drive a second mounting rod 125 to overturn through a third connecting plate 124, the height of a movable wheel 127 is increased, the movable wheel 127 is retracted, a second air cylinder 111 is started, the movable rod of the second air cylinder 111 extends to drive the heights of a first connecting plate 112 and a second connecting plate 114 to descend, the position of a circular cutter 117 is driven to descend, a third air cylinder 118 is started, the movable rod of the third air cylinder 118 extends to drive the height of a supporting frame 120 to descend, and the position of a rake knife 122 is driven to descend, so that a hoe knife 107, the circular cutter 117 and the rake knife 122 are in contact with the ground of the tea tree planting;
step three: the end part of the degradable biological agricultural film is pulled out and fixed on the ground of the tea tree planting field, the soil preparation and film covering equipment is driven to move on the tea tree planting field through a carrier, the soil preparation and film covering equipment carries out deep ploughing on the tea tree planting field through a hoe blade 107, a circular cutter 117 and a rake blade 122 in the moving process, a stirring motor 205 is started, the stirring motor 205 runs to drive a spiral stirring blade 211 to rotate so as to disperse a pH regulator in clear water to obtain a pH regulating solution, the pH regulating solution is sprayed to the ground of the tea tree planting field through a spraying pipe 208, a granulation motor 206 is started, the granulation motor 206 runs to drive a triangular plate 213 to rotate, so as to drive a rotary pressing roller 216 to move on the inner wall of a granulation groove 214, organic fertilizer falling into the inner cavity of the granulation groove 214 is extruded into granules from a forming hole 215 to obtain granular organic fertilizer, the granular organic fertilizer enters the pipe 209 and enters soil through a, then the degradable biological agricultural film is covered on the soil surface which is applied with the granular organic fertilizer.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for planting the tea trees by the film mulching method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the end part of a tripod (110) of the land preparation and film covering equipment is hung on a carrier, clear water is added into a water storage tank (201) from a water adding port (203), a pH regulator is added into the clear water, an organic fertilizer is added into a fertilizer storage tank (202) from a fertilizer adding port (204), a film covering roller (134) wound with a degradable biological agricultural film is installed on a film covering installation shaft (132), a movable rod of a fourth cylinder (123) contracts to retract a movable wheel (127), a second cylinder (111) drives the position of a circular cutter (117) to descend, a third cylinder (118) drives the position of a rake cutter (122) to descend, so that a hoe cutter (107), a circular cutter (117) and the rake cutter (122) are in contact with the ground of a tea tree planting field, the land preparation and film covering equipment is driven to move on the tea tree planting field by the carrier, and the land preparation and film covering equipment is driven by the hoe cutter (107), the circular cutter (117) and the tea tree planting field (117) and the tea tree, Deep ploughing a tea tree planting field by a rake cutter (122), driving a spiral stirring blade (211) to rotate by the operation of a stirring motor (205) to disperse a pH regulator in clear water to obtain a pH regulating solution, spraying the pH regulating solution to the ground of the tea tree planting field through a spraying pipe (208), regulating the pH value of soil to 4.5-6.5, driving a spinning roller (216) to move on the inner wall of a granulation groove (214) by the operation of a granulation motor (206), extruding an organic fertilizer into granules from a forming hole (215), entering the soil through a plurality of material distribution channels (2094), fertilizing the tea tree planting field, and then covering a degradable biological agricultural film on the surface of the soil applied with the granular organic fertilizer;
step two: after covering the ground surface of the tea tree planting with the degradable biological agricultural film for one week, pricking and transplanting tea tree seedlings, keeping the planting temperature under the degradable biological agricultural film at 20-25 ℃, and keeping the water content of the soil at 20-30%;
step three: after the transplanted tea tree seedlings grow for 1 year, the degradable biological agricultural film is degraded, and the tea tree seedlings grow into tea trees in the tea production initial stage.
2. The method for planting tea trees by using the film mulching method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of the deep ploughing is 30-40 cm; the application amount is 500-900 kg per mu.
3. The method for planting tea trees by using the film covering method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH regulator is lime, aluminum sulfate and ferrous sulfate, and is used for adjusting the pH value of soil to 4.5-6.5 according to soil conditions; the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of poultry and livestock manure, 30-50 parts of silkworm excrement, 50-80 parts of tea, 40-70 parts of straw and 20-50 parts of peanut bran; the organic fertilizer is fermented in advance, and the fermentation time is 3-6 months.
4. The method for planting the tea trees by the film covering method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the degradable biological agricultural film is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the degradable biological agricultural film is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of straw fiber, 30-40 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 6-12 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of calcium carbonate, 1-3 parts of white mineral oil, 2-4 parts of antioxidant, 1-2 parts of ultraviolet absorbent and 5-10 parts of degrading agent; wherein the degrading agent is starch grafted SBS or starch grafted PMMA.
5. A method of tea tree planting by mulch overlay method according to claim 1 wherein the soil preparation mulch applicator is operated as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the end part of a tripod (110) of the land preparation and film covering equipment is hung on a carrier, clear water is added into a water storage tank (201) from a water adding port (203), a pH regulator is added into the clear water, organic fertilizer is added into a fertilizer storage tank (202) from a fertilizer adding port (204), and a film covering roller (134) wound with a degradable biological agricultural film is arranged on a film covering mounting shaft (132);
step two: the land preparation and film covering equipment is moved to a tea tree planting field through a carrier, a fourth air cylinder (123) is started, a movable rod of the fourth air cylinder (123) contracts to drive a second mounting rod (125) to overturn through a third connecting plate (124), the height of a movable wheel (127) is increased, the movable wheel (127) is packed up, a second air cylinder (111) is started, the movable rod of the second air cylinder (111) extends to drive a first connecting plate (112) and a second connecting plate (114) to descend, the position of a circular cutter (117) is driven to descend, a third air cylinder (118) is started, the movable rod of the third air cylinder (118) extends to drive the height of a supporting frame (120) to descend, the position of a rake cutter (122) is driven to descend, and a hoe cutter (107), the circular cutter (117) and the rake cutter (122) are made to contact with the ground of the tea tree planting;
step three: the end part of the degradable biological agricultural film is pulled out and fixed on the ground of a tea tree planting field, the soil preparation and film covering equipment is driven to move on the tea tree planting field through a carrier, the soil preparation and film covering equipment carries out deep ploughing on the tea tree planting field through a hoe blade (107), a circular cutter (117) and a rake blade (122) in the moving process, a stirring motor (205) is started, the stirring motor (205) operates to drive a spiral stirring blade (211) to rotate to disperse a pH regulator in clear water to obtain a pH regulating solution, the pH regulating solution is sprayed to the ground of the tea tree planting field through a spraying pipe (208), a granulation motor (206) is started, the granulation motor (206) operates to drive a triangular plate (213) to rotate, so as to drive a rotary pressing roller (216) to move on the inner wall of a granulation tank (214), organic fertilizer falling into the inner cavity of the granulation tank (214) is extruded into granules from a forming hole (215), and, the granular organic fertilizer enters the fertilizing pipe (209) and enters the soil through a plurality of material distributing channels (2094), and then the degradable biological agricultural film covers the surface of the soil where the granular organic fertilizer is applied.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010905145.1A CN111990147A (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | Method for planting tea trees by using film mulching method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010905145.1A CN111990147A (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | Method for planting tea trees by using film mulching method |
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| CN111990147A true CN111990147A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
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| CN202010905145.1A Pending CN111990147A (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | Method for planting tea trees by using film mulching method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115281023A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-04 | 孙海飞 | Forest pest control device |
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