CN111982369A - Output shaft torsion measuring method - Google Patents
Output shaft torsion measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111982369A CN111982369A CN202010731320.XA CN202010731320A CN111982369A CN 111982369 A CN111982369 A CN 111982369A CN 202010731320 A CN202010731320 A CN 202010731320A CN 111982369 A CN111982369 A CN 111982369A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
- G01L3/101—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses an output shaft torsion measuring method, which comprises the following steps: mounting a torque measuring device on an engine casing; dividing an output shaft into a front output shaft and a rear output shaft according to the position of a torque measuring mechanism arranged on an engine casing, wherein the front output shaft and the rear output shaft are both of hollow shaft structures; the fixed end of the reference shaft extends into the front output shaft from the connecting end of the front output shaft and is fixed, the free end of the reference shaft is positioned outside the connecting end of the front output shaft, a gap groove arranged along the radial direction is formed between the connecting positions of the front output shaft and the rear output shaft by connecting the connecting end of the rear output shaft with the connecting end of the front output shaft, and the free end of the reference shaft extends out of the gap groove to be matched with the torque measuring device; and connecting the rear output shaft with the power turbine rotor, connecting the front output shaft with the transmission system, and measuring the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft through the torque measuring device so as to determine the output torque and the output power of the output shaft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a method for measuring torsion of an output shaft.
Background
For an aircraft engine, particularly a turboshaft engine, the output power is a basic performance parameter, but the output power cannot be directly measured in a working state, but a torque measuring device is arranged in the engine to measure the real-time and real output torque of the engine, and the real-time output power can be obtained by combining a torsion angle. The torsion measuring method commonly used at present is to adopt a combination of a reference shaft and an output shaft to measure torsion, a fixed end of the reference shaft extends into the output shaft and is fixed at a first end of the output shaft, a free end of the reference shaft is positioned outside a second end of the output shaft, a torque measuring mechanism is installed on an engine casing and is positioned at one side of the free end of the reference shaft, when the torsion measuring mechanism works, the output shaft is twisted because of the need of power transmission, the reference shaft cannot be twisted, the relative twisting angle between the free end of the reference shaft and the output shaft is measured through the torque measuring mechanism, and the torque of the output shaft can be calculated by combining other data. However, in some conventional engines, due to structural limitations, if the free end of the reference shaft is disposed outside the second end of the output shaft, the torque measuring mechanism cannot be disposed on the side of the free end of the reference shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an output shaft torsion measuring method, which aims to solve the technical problem that a torque measuring mechanism cannot be arranged because the free end of an existing reference shaft is arranged outside the second end of an output shaft.
According to one aspect of the invention, an output shaft torque measuring method is provided for measuring output torque and output power of an output shaft of an engine, and specifically comprises the following steps: mounting a torque measuring device on an engine casing; dividing an output shaft into a front output shaft and a rear output shaft according to the position of a torque measuring mechanism arranged on an engine casing, wherein the front output shaft and the rear output shaft are both of hollow shaft structures; the fixed end of the reference shaft extends into the front output shaft from the connecting end of the front output shaft and is fixed, the free end of the reference shaft is positioned outside the connecting end of the front output shaft, a gap groove arranged along the radial direction is formed between the connecting positions of the front output shaft and the rear output shaft by connecting the connecting end of the rear output shaft with the connecting end of the front output shaft, and the free end of the reference shaft extends out of the gap groove to be matched with the torque measuring device; the rear output shaft is connected with the power turbine rotor, the front output shaft is connected with the transmission system, the power turbine rotor drives the output shaft to rotate, relative torsion occurs between the output shaft and the reference shaft, then the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft is measured through the torque measuring device, and then the output torque and the output power of the output shaft are determined according to the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft.
Furthermore, a first torque measuring tooth is arranged at the joint of the front output shaft and the rear output shaft along the radial direction, a second torque measuring tooth used for extending out of the clearance groove is arranged at the free end of the reference shaft, and the relative position change between the first torque measuring tooth and the second torque measuring tooth is measured through the torque measuring device, so that the relative torque angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft is measured.
Furthermore, a plurality of clearance grooves are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the output shaft, and the first torque measuring teeth, the clearance grooves and the second torque measuring teeth are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Furthermore, a front mounting disc is arranged at the connecting end of the front output shaft, a rear mounting disc is arranged at the connecting end of the rear output shaft, and a plurality of first torsion measuring teeth are uniformly distributed on the front mounting disc and/or the rear mounting disc along the circumferential direction; the front mounting disc and the rear mounting disc are connected through the connecting piece, so that a mounting cavity used for mounting the free end of the reference shaft is formed between the front mounting disc and the rear mounting disc, and a clearance groove is formed between two adjacent first torque measuring teeth.
Furthermore, the torque measuring device adopts a torque sensor, and the first torque measuring gear and the second torque measuring gear both adopt excitation gears.
Further, the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft is measured, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: recording an angle between the first torque measuring tooth and the second torque measuring tooth as an initial installation angle; the output shaft and the reference shaft are driven to rotate through the power turbine rotor, so that the first torque measuring tooth and the second torque measuring tooth cut magnetic lines to generate induced electric potential when passing through the torque sensor 12, and the angle between the first torque measuring tooth and the second torque measuring tooth in the rotation process of the output shaft and the reference shaft are measured according to the time interval between the period of generating electric potential when the first torque measuring tooth passes through and the period of generating electric potential when the second torque measuring tooth passes through; and the deviation angle between the first torsion measuring tooth and the second torsion measuring tooth and the initial installation angle in the rotation process of the output shaft and the reference shaft is the relative torsion angle generated between the reference shaft and the output shaft in the rotation process.
Furthermore, the fixed end of the reference shaft and the front output shaft are radially provided with matched positioning holes, and the fixed end of the reference shaft is fixedly connected with the front output shaft through the interference fit of the connecting piece and the positioning holes.
Furthermore, a first mounting edge is arranged on the front output shaft, an inner ring of the first bearing is axially compressed and fixed on the first mounting edge through a first compression nut, and an outer ring of the first bearing is fixed on an engine casing.
Furthermore, a second mounting edge is arranged on the rear output shaft, the inner ring of the second bearing is axially compressed and fixed on the second mounting edge through a second compression nut, and the outer ring of the second bearing is fixed on an engine casing.
Furthermore, the front output shaft is connected with the power turbine rotor through a spline structure transmission system, and the rear output shaft is connected with the power turbine rotor through a flange plate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the output shaft torque measuring method of the invention divides the output shaft into a front output shaft and a rear output shaft according to the position of the torque measuring mechanism arranged on the engine casing, the front output shaft and the rear output shaft are both of hollow shaft structures, the fixed end of the reference shaft extends into the front output shaft from the connecting end of the front output shaft and is fixed, the free end of the reference shaft is positioned outside the connecting end of the front output shaft, the connecting end of the rear output shaft is connected with the connecting end of the front output shaft, a clearance groove arranged along the radial direction is formed between the connecting positions of the front output shaft and the rear output shaft, and the free end of the reference shaft extends out to be matched with the torque measuring device, thereby the power turbine rotor drives the output shaft to rotate, relative torsion is generated between the output shaft and the reference shaft, the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft is measured by the torque measuring device, and determining the output torque and the output power of the output shaft according to the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an output shaft torque measuring structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a torque sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a front output shaft; 2. a rear output shaft; 3. a reference axis; 4. a first torque measuring tooth; 5. a second torque measuring tooth; 6. a clearance groove; 7. a fixing pin; 8. a first bearing; 9. a second bearing; 10. a spline structure; 11. a flange plate; 12. a torque sensor.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an output shaft torque measuring structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a torque sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the output shaft torque measuring structure of the present embodiment is used for measuring the output torque and the output power of the output shaft of the engine, and specifically includes the following steps: mounting a torque measuring device on an engine casing; dividing an output shaft into a front output shaft 1 and a rear output shaft 2 according to the position of a torque measuring mechanism arranged on an engine casing, wherein the front output shaft 1 and the rear output shaft 2 are both of hollow shaft structures; the fixed end of a reference shaft 3 extends into the front output shaft 1 from the connecting end of the front output shaft 1 and is fixed, the free end of the reference shaft 3 is positioned outside the connecting end of the front output shaft 1, a gap groove 6 which is arranged along the radial direction is formed between the connecting positions of the front output shaft 1 and the rear output shaft 2 by connecting the connecting end of the rear output shaft 2 with the connecting end of the front output shaft 1, and the free end of the reference shaft 3 extends out of the gap groove 6 to be matched with a torque measuring device; the rear output shaft 2 is connected with a power turbine rotor, the front output shaft 1 is connected with a transmission system, the power turbine rotor drives the output shaft to rotate, relative torsion occurs between the output shaft and a reference shaft 3, a relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft 3 is measured through a torque measuring device, and then the output torque and the output power of the output shaft are determined according to the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft 3. The output shaft torsion measuring method of the invention divides the output shaft into a front output shaft 1 and a rear output shaft 2 according to the position of a torque measuring mechanism arranged on an engine casing, the front output shaft 1 and the rear output shaft 2 are both in hollow shaft structures, the fixed end of a reference shaft 3 extends into the front output shaft 1 from the connecting end of the front output shaft 1 and is fixed, the free end of the reference shaft 3 is positioned outside the connecting end of the front output shaft 1, a clearance groove 6 arranged along the radial direction is formed between the connecting positions of the front output shaft 1 and the rear output shaft 2 by connecting the connecting end of the rear output shaft 2 with the connecting end of the front output shaft 1, the free end of the reference shaft 3 extends out to be matched with a torque measuring device, so that the output shaft is driven to rotate by a power turbine rotor, the output shaft and the reference shaft 3 are twisted relatively, and the relative twisting angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft 3, and further determines the output torque and the output power of the output shaft according to the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft 3.
As shown in fig. 1, a first torque measuring tooth 4 is arranged at the joint of the front output shaft 1 and the rear output shaft 2 along the radial direction, a second torque measuring tooth 5 extending out of a clearance groove 6 is arranged at the free end of the reference shaft 3, and the relative position change between the first torque measuring tooth 4 and the second torque measuring tooth 5 is measured by a torque measuring device, so that the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft 3 is measured.
As shown in fig. 1, the plurality of clearance slots 6 are equidistantly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the first torque measuring teeth 4, the clearance slots 6 and the second torque measuring teeth 5 are correspondingly arranged one by one. The connecting end of the front output shaft 1 is provided with a front mounting disc, the connecting end of the rear output shaft 2 is provided with a rear mounting disc, and the plurality of first torque measuring teeth 4 are uniformly distributed on the front mounting disc and/or the rear mounting disc along the circumferential direction; the front mounting disc and the rear mounting disc are connected through a connecting piece, a mounting cavity used for mounting the free end of the reference shaft 3 is formed between the front mounting disc and the rear mounting disc, and a clearance groove 6 is formed between two adjacent first torque measuring teeth 4, so that the free end of the reference shaft 3 extends out of the clearance groove 6. The radial cross-sectional shape of the clearance pocket 6 is a sector. Optionally, the first torque measuring teeth 4, the clearance slots 6 and the second torque measuring teeth 5 are each provided with two, three or four. Alternatively, the first torque measuring tooth 4 and the second torque measuring tooth 5 have a fan-shaped or rectangular radial cross-sectional shape. The curvature of the clearance groove 6 is larger than the maximum torsion angle of the reference shaft 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the torque measuring device uses a torque sensor 12, and the first torque measuring tooth 4 and the second torque measuring tooth 5 both use excitation teeth. The torque sensor 12 is a high-speed magnetoelectric sensor, before the output shaft and the reference shaft 3 rotate, the angle between the first torque measuring tooth 4 and the second torque measuring tooth 5 is an installation initial angle, when the power turbine rotor drives the output shaft and the reference shaft 3 to rotate, the first torque measuring tooth 4 and the second torque measuring tooth 5 cut magnetic lines of force when passing through the torque sensor 12 to generate induced electric potential, the angle between the first torque measuring tooth 4 and the second torque measuring tooth 5 in the rotation process of the output shaft and the reference shaft 3 is measured according to the time interval between the period of generating electric potential when the first torque measuring tooth 4 passes through and the period of generating electric potential when the second torque measuring tooth 5 passes through, the deviation angle between the first torque measuring tooth 4 and the second torque measuring tooth 5 in the rotation process of the output shaft and the reference shaft 3 and the installation initial angle is the relative torsion angle generated between the reference shaft 3 and the output shaft in the rotation process, and further determines the output torque and the output power of the output shaft according to the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft 3. In the embodiment, the two first torque measuring teeth 4 are arranged at 180 degrees, the two second torque measuring teeth 5 are arranged at 180 degrees, and the initial installation angle is 90 degrees. In the present exemplary embodiment, the torque sensor 12 is located above the first torsion measurement toothing 4 and the second torsion measurement toothing 5.
As shown in fig. 1, the fixed end of the reference shaft 3 and the front output shaft 1 are radially provided with matching positioning holes, and are in interference fit with the positioning holes through a connecting member, so as to fixedly connect the fixed end of the reference shaft 3 and the front output shaft 1. In the present embodiment, the fixed end of the reference shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the front output shaft 1 by one or more fixing pins 7.
As shown in fig. 1, a first bearing 8 is mounted on the front output shaft 1, a first mounting edge is arranged on the front output shaft 1, an inner ring of the first bearing 8 is axially compressed and fixed on the first mounting edge by a first compression nut, and an outer ring of the first bearing 8 is fixed on an engine casing. The rear output shaft 2 is provided with a second bearing 9, a second mounting edge is arranged on the rear output shaft 2, an inner ring of the second bearing 9 is axially compressed and fixed on the second mounting edge through a second compression nut, and an outer ring of the second bearing 9 is fixed on an engine casing. In the present embodiment, the first bearing 8 is a roller bearing. The second bearing 9 is a roller bearing. Alternatively, the front output shaft 1 is mounted to the engine case by a plurality of first bearings 8. The rear output shaft 2 is mounted to the engine case by a plurality of second bearings 9.
As shown in fig. 1, the front output shaft 1 is connected with the transmission system through a spline structure 10, and the rear output shaft 2 is connected with the power turbine rotor through a flange plate 11. The flange 11 is located between the first bearing 8 and the second bearing 9. Optionally, a membrane disc structure is arranged on the front output shaft 1, and the front output shaft 1 is connected with the transmission system through the membrane disc structure. Optionally, a spline structure 10 is arranged on the rear output shaft 2, and the rear output shaft 2 is connected with the power turbine rotor through the spline structure 10.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An output shaft torque measuring method is used for measuring output torque and output power of an output shaft of an engine, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mounting a torque measuring device on an engine casing;
the output shaft is divided into a front output shaft (1) and a rear output shaft (2) according to the position of a torque measuring mechanism arranged on an engine casing, and the front output shaft (1) and the rear output shaft (2) are both of hollow shaft structures;
the fixed end of a reference shaft (3) extends into the front output shaft (1) from the connecting end of the front output shaft (1) and is fixed, the free end of the reference shaft (3) is positioned outside the connecting end of the front output shaft (1), a clearance groove (6) which is distributed along the radial direction is formed between the connecting part of the front output shaft (1) and the rear output shaft (2) by connecting the connecting end of the rear output shaft (2) with the connecting end of the front output shaft (1), and the free end of the reference shaft (3) extends out of the clearance groove (6) to be matched with a torque measuring device;
the rear output shaft (2) is connected with the power turbine rotor, the front output shaft (1) is connected with the transmission system, the power turbine rotor drives the output shaft to rotate, relative torsion occurs between the output shaft and the reference shaft (3), a relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft (3) is measured through the torque measuring device, and then the output torque and the output power of the output shaft are determined according to the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft (3).
2. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 1,
a first torque measuring tooth (4) is arranged at the joint of the front output shaft (1) and the rear output shaft (2) along the radial direction, a second torque measuring tooth (5) extending out of the clearance groove (6) is arranged at the free end of the reference shaft (3),
the relative position change between the first torsion measuring tooth (4) and the second torsion measuring tooth (5) is measured through the torque measuring device, and therefore the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft (3) is measured.
3. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 2,
a plurality of clearance grooves (6) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the output shaft, and the first torque measuring teeth (4), the clearance grooves (6) and the second torque measuring teeth (5) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
4. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 2,
the connecting end of the front output shaft (1) is provided with a front mounting disc, the connecting end of the rear output shaft (2) is provided with a rear mounting disc, and the first torsion measuring teeth (4) are uniformly distributed on the front mounting disc and/or the rear mounting disc along the circumferential direction;
the front mounting disc and the rear mounting disc are connected through a connecting piece, so that a mounting cavity for mounting the free end of the reference shaft (3) is formed between the front mounting disc and the rear mounting disc, and a clearance groove (6) is formed between two adjacent first torque measuring teeth (4).
5. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 2,
the torque measuring device adopts a torque sensor (12), and the first torque measuring gear (4) and the second torque measuring gear (5) both adopt excitation gears.
6. Method for measuring the torque of an output shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that the relative torsion angle between the output shaft and the reference shaft (3) is measured, comprising the following steps:
recording an angle between the first torque measuring tooth (4) and the second torque measuring tooth (5) as an installation initial angle;
the output shaft and the reference shaft (3) are driven to rotate through the power turbine rotor, so that the first torque measuring tooth (4) and the second torque measuring tooth (5) cut magnetic lines to generate induced electric potential when passing through the torque sensor 12, and the angle between the first torque measuring tooth (4) and the second torque measuring tooth (5) in the rotation process of the output shaft and the reference shaft (3) are measured according to the time interval between the period of generating electric potential when the first torque measuring tooth (4) passes through and the period of generating electric potential when the second torque measuring tooth (5) passes through;
the deviation angle between the first torsion measuring tooth (4) and the second torsion measuring tooth (5) and the installation initial angle in the rotation process of the output shaft and the reference shaft (3) is the relative torsion angle generated between the reference shaft (3) and the output shaft in the rotation process.
7. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 1,
the fixed end of the reference shaft (3) and the front output shaft (1) are radially provided with matched positioning holes and are in interference fit with the positioning holes through connecting pieces so as to fixedly connect the fixed end of the reference shaft (3) with the front output shaft (1).
8. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 1,
the front output shaft (1) is provided with a first mounting edge, the inner ring of the first bearing (8) is axially compressed and fixed on the first mounting edge through a first compression nut, and the outer ring of the first bearing (8) is fixed on an engine casing.
9. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 1,
and a second mounting edge is arranged on the rear output shaft (2), the inner ring of the second bearing (9) is axially compressed and fixed on the second mounting edge through a second compression nut, and the outer ring of the second bearing (9) is fixed on an engine casing.
10. The output shaft torque measuring method according to claim 1,
the front output shaft (1) is connected with a transmission system through a spline structure (10), and the rear output shaft (2) is connected with a power turbine rotor through a flange plate (11).
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CN202010731320.XA CN111982369B (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Output shaft torsion measuring method |
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CN202010731320.XA CN111982369B (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Output shaft torsion measuring method |
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CN113153439A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-23 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Compact turbine shaft structure with torsion measuring function |
CN113670621A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-19 | 上海尚实能源科技有限公司 | Torque measuring device of turboprop engine |
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CN113670621A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-19 | 上海尚实能源科技有限公司 | Torque measuring device of turboprop engine |
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