CN113959722B - Torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measurement device and method based on tone wheel - Google Patents
Torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measurement device and method based on tone wheel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measurement device and method based on a tone wheel, and belongs to the field of measurement and control of aeroengines. The device disclosed by the invention comprises: torsion spring axle (10), tone wheel component, magnetism sense probe (11), signal processing module (12) and data display module (13). The sound wheel component is arranged on the torsion spring shaft with a non-circular section, one end face of the sound wheel component is fixedly connected with the beta feedback rod of the propeller, and the sound wheel component can rotate and axially slide on the torsion spring shaft. The signal processing module (12) is capable of determining the torque, pitch, phase angle and rotational speed of the propeller, respectively, based on the long delay, short delay, specific interval and expected delay of the response signal of the magnetic induction probe (11). The invention adopts U-shaped torque teeth and splayed sign teeth, the torsion angle of the torque teeth reflects the torque, the distance between the two sign teeth reflects the pitch, and the two pairs of symmetrical teeth have the functions of complementarily correcting magneto-electric detection signals and reducing unbalance degree, so that the double-sensitivity rotor dynamic balance device has double sensitivity and good rotor dynamic balance characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measurement device and method based on a sound wheel, belonging to the field of measurement and control of aeroengines, in particular to the field of measurement and control of turboprop engines and turboshaft engines.
Background
Aeroengine control systems are moving from univariate control to multivariate control, and how to increase the number of sensor measurement parameters without increasing the number of sensors to increase the safety of the aircraft control system and reduce the weight of the aircraft places high demands on the multiparameter measurement of the single sensors.
The torque of the shaft needs to be measured on the aero-engines with output power of the vortex shaft, the vortex propeller engine and the like so as to limit the torque and realize closed-loop control on the output power. Modern turboprop aircraft are developed towards synchronous noise reduction control of a propeller-engine and a plurality of propellers, namely, multi-match control of the turboprop engine, and torque, pitch, phase angle and rotating speed of the propellers need to be measured in real time. For single rotor turboshaft engine control, rotor-engine control requires measurement of three parameters, torque, pitch and rotational speed.
The torque is usually measured by measuring the degree of torsional deformation of the shaft, and for this purpose, a section of sensitive rotating shaft with a sensor is often required to be connected between the prime mover and the load, so as to measure the relative torsion angle of two sections with a certain length from the shaft, and obtain the torque. Because of the high-speed rotation characteristic of the engine shaft, a non-contact method is required to measure torque, two torque methods commonly used in the field of the engine at present are adopted, one method is a differential transformer method, a rotating iron core is adopted, three supporting clapboards are fixed on the shaft at a certain distance, a hollow cylinder is formed by encircling a special-shaped high-permeability metal sheet on the supporting clapboards, the supporting clapboards are divided into three parts A, B and C with inclined edges, four coils with static parts are sleeved outside the iron core, namely a secondary side A, a primary side B and a secondary side B, and when the supporting clapboards are twisted, the clearance between A and B is larger than the clearance between B and C, so that the electromotive forces on the two secondary sides are unequal, and differential output is formed; the other is to install two gears with a certain distance on the shaft, and to measure the pulse phase difference of the signals by two probes, thereby realizing the measurement of the torque, and the patent ZL105181195B is issued. In addition, some measuring methods (CN 113340500A) for measuring torque by using the oil pressure of the torque measuring cylinder piston have the problem that an oil way is polluted and fails.
For other parameter measurement, three-parameter integrated measurement schemes of pitch, phase angle and rotating speed exist in China at present, for example, a patent with publication number CN1126974311A adopts a combined mode of contactless measurement of a toothed wheel with a herringbone sign and a magnetic induction probe, realizes simultaneous measurement of pitch, phase angle and rotating speed, and solves the problems of rotor unbalance during installation control limitation and phase angle measurement of an engine. However, the herringbone sign teeth have serious deviation of tooth shape and waveform at the vertex angle of the herringbone, so that the pitch error is larger, and the measuring system has room for improvement in terms of increasing high-precision torque measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measuring device and method based on a tone wheel, and aims to improve the measuring precision of the pitch and increase the high-precision measuring scheme of the parameter of the pitch on the basis of the existing pitch, phase angle and rotating speed integrated measuring system and keep the good static and dynamic balance characteristic of the tone wheel structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measuring device based on the tone wheel comprises a torsion spring shaft, a tone wheel component, a magnetic induction probe, a signal processing module and a data display module, wherein a pair of 180-degree torque teeth, a first sign tooth, a second sign tooth and a plurality of circumferentially uniformly-spaced conventional teeth are arranged on the peripheral surface of the tone wheel component, the pair of torque teeth can transmit torsion deformation of the torsion spring shaft to generate position deflection, and the torsion angle of the pair of torque teeth is equal to that of the torsion spring shaft
Reflecting the torque, the first and second marking teeth are respectively closer to two adjacent regular teeth in the circumferential position, and the circumferential distance C between the first and second marking teeth Pitch Reflecting the pitch of the propeller, the tone wheel member being fixedly connected to a beta feedback rod, which is an element transmitting the pitch of the propeller, and being configured to rotate in the "M" direction and to move axially in the "N" direction together with the propeller during operation of the propeller engine;
the magnetic induction probe being secured to the engine stationary member at a spacing delta from the tone wheel mounting and configured to generate a plurality of signal pulses in response to passage of the pair of torque teeth, the two flag teeth and the plurality of conventional teeth, the timing of occurrence of the plurality of signal pulses corresponding to the timing of passage of the pair of torque teeth, the first flag tooth, the second flag tooth and the plurality of conventional teeth during rotation of the tone wheel member;
the signal processing module is connected to the magnetic induction probe for obtaining the signal and is configured for:
determining an expected delay between two consecutive signal pulses of the plurality of signals based on the plurality of signal pulses, the expected delay representing a time interval between the two normally adjacent regular teeth;
identifying a pulse time interval associated with the torque tooth from the plurality of signal pulse time intervals, the time interval being a long delay having a longer delay than the expected delay, the difference between the long delay and the expected delayThe size reflects the torsion angle
Because the propeller still has load under the condition of zero pitch, the long delay is a constant quantity larger than the expected delay in the measurable rotating speed range, and the long delay can be rapidly identified in a plurality of pulse time sequences, so that the conventional teeth near the torque teeth are used as the reference positions of the marked phase angles, and the real-time performance of phase angle measurement can be improved;
identifying a first specific pulse associated with the first marker tooth from within the plurality of signal pulses, the first specific pulse arriving at a time interval having a delay that is shorter than the expected delay, determining a short delay of a second specific pulse associated with the second marker tooth that occurs continuously thereto based on the first specific pulse, the short delay representing the time intervals of the first and second specific pulses;
determining the circumferential spacing C of the first and second index teeth of a propeller at an axial position based on a short delay Pitch The end face of the sound taking wheel with small space between the two marking teeth is zero pitch, the distance between the two marking teeth of the sound taking wheel is positive, and the minimum distance C between the two marking teeth is as follows Pitch It is not zero and the compensation value b needs to be subtracted, so the circumferential spacing C can be determined by using the bevel angle 2α and tangent function of two sign teeth Pitch Conversion to axial pitch D of propeller Pitch ；
Determining the phase angle of the magnetic induction probe at the current data acquisition time relative to the position of the conventional tooth based on the specific interval from the arrival time of the conventional tooth near the special tooth to the phase angle data acquisition time;
and performing a calculation of the propeller rotational speed based on the expected delay.
The structure of the tone wheel component comprises a first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring, a bolt, a first cushion block, a U-shaped torsion piece, a rotary fastener, a positioning buckle cylinder, a tone wheel, a second cushion block and a second double-countersunk-hole fixing ring;
the tooth structure of the tone wheel component is made of soft magnetic materials, the structure is cylindrical with shaft holes and bolt holes, the non-tooth structure is made of light metal, so that the weight of the sensor is reduced, the thickness of the tone wheel tooth is greater than or equal to the variation range of the pitch, the pair of torque teeth form 180 degrees, the mass of each torque tooth is identical to that of a conventional tooth, the conventional teeth are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction and are parallel to the axis of the tone wheel (7), the volumes and the masses of the first sign tooth and the second sign tooth are respectively set to be half of any conventional tooth, and the first sign tooth and the second sign tooth form the same alpha angle with the parallel line of the conventional tooth which is arranged in the circumferential direction;
the U-shaped torsion piece, the cushion block, the rotary fastener, the positioning buckle cylinder and the tone wheel are provided with two bolt holes and a round shaft hole, the first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring and the second double-countersunk-hole fixing ring are provided with two bolt holes and a shaft hole, the shaft hole is the same as the cross section of the torsion spring shaft in shape and is a non-round section and is used for transmitting the deformation of the torsion spring;
the positioning buckle cylinder is provided with a chute and a chute notch, wherein the chute is nested with a convex hook on the rotary buckle, and the chute notch is configured to be screwed into the rotary buckle;
the torsion spring shaft comprises a torsion spring and two hollow circular shafts with double tangent planes, the retaining length of the non-circular section is larger than the pitch measurement range, namely, the two ends of the torsion spring shaft can be circular shafts, so that the integrated design of a propeller and a shaft is facilitated, the hollow part of the shaft is used for accommodating a beta oil delivery pipe of a hydraulic pitch-variable actuating mechanism of the propeller, the torsion spring shaft can resist a small-range bending moment while delivering oil, the torsion spring needs to be reasonably designed with a deformation amount so as to prevent torque teeth and conventional teeth from collision with each other, and the waveform and the tooth form are relatively deviated due to the fact that the torsion spring is too close to each other, so that errors are caused;
the torsion spring shaft is connected with the turboprop engine or the driving motor at the left side and the variable pitch propeller at the right side, and as another option of the invention, the torsion spring shaft is connected with the turboprop engine or the driving motor at the left side and the variable pitch rotor at the right side, and the phase angle is not measured.
The tone wheel component comprises the following mounting methods: sequentially fixing the first double counter bore fixing ring, the first cushion block, the U-shaped torsion part and the rotary part from left to rightThe rotary fastener, the positioning buckle cylinder, the sound wheel, the second cushion block and the second double-countersunk-head hole fixing ring are sleeved on the torsion spring shaft, the rotary fastener is screwed in from a chute notch of the positioning buckle cylinder, and the sound wheel and the U-shaped torsion piece need to be rotated in opposite directions, so that the torsion angle is realized in a static state
The bolts at one end of the tone wheel component are placed on the bolt holes on the first double countersunk hole fixing ring, the first cushion block and the U-shaped torsion piece, the bolts at the other end of the tone wheel component are placed on the bolt holes on the tone wheel, the second cushion block and the second double countersunk hole fixing ring, and the bolts of the first double countersunk hole fixing ring and the second double countersunk hole fixing ring are screwed, so that the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tone wheel are not fixed, and the rotary sliding on the torsion spring shaft can be realized.
The signal processing module is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a filter circuit, a signal conditioning circuit and an embedded system; the filtering circuit is connected with the magnetic induction probe, then outputs the magnetic induction probe to the signal conditioning circuit, and finally is connected to the embedded system and sends data to the data display module through the bus interface; the data display module outputs the data sent by the signal processing module in a visible or readable form, and the data are in the forms of direct display of data values, display of data tables, display of various statistical figures and the like.
The torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measurement method based on the tone wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the tone wheel member and the propeller beta feedback rod are coupled together for operation with the engine, and the magnetic induction probe generates associated signal pulses in response to the passage of a pair of torque teeth, a first flag tooth, a second flag tooth, and a plurality of circumferentially evenly spaced conventional teeth on the outer circumferential surface of said tone wheel member and transmits to said signal processing module. The signal processing module carries out the processes of filtering, amplitude limiting, differential amplification and hysteresis comparison on the plurality of signal pulses acquired from the magnetic induction probe so as to obtain a positive square wave signal. The square wave signals are transmitted to the embedded system through the signals, the embedded system captures rising edge moments or falling edge moments of a plurality of square waves from the square wave signals by utilizing codes with specific functions written by software, data processing and storage are carried out on the rising edge moments or the falling edge moments, long delay, short delay, specific intervals and expected delay are read out, and then torque, pitch, phase angle and rotating speed at the current moment are calculated.
The code with specific functions comprises the following logic steps:
let t be i+k For the arrival time of the square wave corresponding to the torque tooth, t i 、t i+1 The moment of square wave coming from the first and second sign teeth respectively, the long delay is still larger than the expected delay under the zero pitch due to the load characteristic of the propeller itself, is not influenced by the measurement error,
step 1: a threshold value E capable of identifying a first specific pulse and a threshold value f capable of identifying a pulse associated with a torque tooth are initially set, wherein E is smaller than 1, f is larger than 1, the total number of teeth of a sound wheel component is Z, the radius of a tooth top circle is R, and a pitch compensation value b exists, wherein the compensation value is caused by the fact that a sign tooth adopts an eight shape instead of a herringbone shape, the elastic modulus of a torsion spring is E, the diameter of the torsion spring is D, the revolution diameter of the torsion spring is D, the effective number of turns is n, and the rigidity of the torsion spring is K=f (E, D, n and D);
step 2: capturing arrival time t of all square wave rising edges of one rotation of tone wheel member 0 ，…，t i ，…，t z Then, according to the equidistant characteristics of the conventional teeth, the expected delay t is obtained A ＝(t z -t 0 )/(Z-1)；
Step 3: capturing rising edge time t of three continuous square wave signals i+k 、t i+k+1 、t i+k+2 ；
Step 4: performing a logical operation (t) i+k+1 -t i+k )＞f·t A &&(2-f)·t A ＜(t i+k+2 -t i+k+1 )＜f·t A If true, store long delay t L1 ＝t i+k+1 -t i+k Because a pair of torque teeth form 180 degrees, the long delay average value of one rotation of the sound taking wheel component
And marks the phase angle reference position t i+k+2 If false, returning to the step 3;
step 5: capturing rising edge time t of five continuous square wave signals i-2 、t i-1 、t i 、t i+1 ，t i+2 ；
Step 6: performing logic operation f.t A ＜(t i-1 -t i-2 )&&(t i -t i-1 )＜e·t A &&(t i+2 -t i+1 )＜e·t A If true, a short delay t is stored S ＝t i+1 -t i If false, returning to the step 5;
step 7: whether to execute the data acquisition instruction, if true, acquiring the time t of the current execution instruction N And performs the following calculation with torque equal to
Pitch->
Phase angle->
Rotational speed->
And finally, if false, returning to the step 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method has the advantages that a pair of torque teeth, an 'splayed' sign tooth and a plurality of conventional teeth can be identified from a plurality of signal pulses responded by the magnetic induction probe by using only the magneto-electric sensor with the tone wheel, so that long delay, short delay, specific interval and expected delay are determined through the signal processing module, and finally four-parameter integrated measurement of torque, pitch, phase angle and rotating speed is realized. The cylindrical sound wheel structure with the pair of torque teeth and the eight-shaped sign teeth, which are approximately uniformly distributed in mass, has good rotor static and dynamic balance characteristics, reduces pitch errors at the small-spacing and large-spacing positions of the sign teeth, and the symmetrical pair of torque teeth and two sign teeth form complementary differential dual-gain sensitivity. Therefore, the device improves the pitch measurement precision and also increases a high-precision torque measurement parameter on the basis of maintaining the existing performance of a measurement system, thereby realizing simultaneous measurement of four parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded assembly view and an assembled perspective view of the present invention and a partial cross-sectional view of the torsion spring axle.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a data acquisition system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the relative magnetic probe positions of the tone wheel of the present invention at the high pitch and low pitch positions.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the torque measurement principle of the present invention, specifically including a front view in a stationary state and a torque tooth deflection schematic diagram in a rotating state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the timing correspondence of the tooth form spreading, the original signal and the conditioning signal according to the present invention, and the specific number of teeth is 9.
Fig. 6 is a logic flow diagram of specific functional code of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring, 2 parts of bolts, 3 parts of first cushion blocks, 4.U type torsion parts, 4-1 parts of torque teeth, 5 parts of rotary fasteners, 5-1 parts of convex hooks, 6 parts of positioning buckle cylinders, 6-1 parts of sliding grooves, 6-2 parts of sliding groove notches, 7 parts of sound wheels, and 7 parts of sound wheels 7-1 parts of conventional teeth, 7-2 parts of first marking teeth, 7-3 parts of second marking teeth, 8 parts of second cushion blocks, 9 parts of second double-countersunk hole fixing rings, 10 parts of torsion spring shafts, 10-1 parts of torsion springs, 11 parts of magnetic induction probes, 12 parts of signal processing modules and 13 parts of data display modules.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the embodiment of the present invention, a torque-pitch-phase angle-rotation speed integrated measuring device based on a tone wheel includes a torsion spring shaft 10, a tone wheel member, a magnetic induction probe 11, a signal processing module 12 and a data display module 13, wherein a pair of 180 ° torque teeth 4-1, a first index tooth 7-2, a second index tooth 7-3 and a plurality of regular teeth 7-1 uniformly spaced circumferentially are disposed on the peripheral surface of the tone wheel member, the pair of torque teeth 4-1 can transmit torsional deformation of the torsion spring shaft 10 to generate position deflection, and the torsion angle thereof
Reflecting the torque, the first and second marking teeth 7-2 and 7-3 are respectively closer to two adjacent regular teeth 7-1 in the circumferential position, and the circumferential distance C between the first and second marking teeth 7-2 and 7-3 Pitch Reflecting the pitch of the propeller, the tone wheel member being fixedly connected to a beta feedback rod, which is an element transmitting the pitch of the propeller, and being configured to rotate in the "M" direction and to move axially in the "N" direction together with the propeller during operation of the propeller engine;
referring to fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic induction probe 11 is fixed to the stationary part of the engine with a mounting clearance delta from the tone wheel and is configured to generate a plurality of signal pulses in response to the passage of the pair of torque teeth 4-1, the two index teeth and the plurality of normal teeth 7-1, the occurrence timings of the plurality of signal pulses corresponding to the passage timings of the pair of torque teeth 4-1, the first index teeth 7-2, the second index teeth 7-3 and the plurality of normal teeth 7-1 during the rotation of the tone wheel member;
the signal processing module 12 is connected to the magnetic induction probe 11 for obtaining the signal, and is configured for:
determining an expected delay between two consecutive signal pulses of said plurality of signals based on said plurality of signal pulses, said expected delay representing a time interval between said two normally adjacent regular teeth 7-1;
identifying a pulse time interval associated with the torque tooth 4-1 from the plurality of signal pulse time intervals, the time interval being a long delay having a delay longer than the expected delay, a difference magnitude of the long delay from the expected delay reflecting a torsion angle
Because the propeller still has load under the condition of zero pitch, the long delay is a constant quantity larger than the expected delay in the measurable rotating speed range, and the long delay can be rapidly identified in a plurality of pulse time sequences, so that the conventional teeth near the torque teeth are used as the reference positions of the marked phase angles, and the real-time performance of phase angle measurement can be improved;
identifying from within the plurality of signal pulses a first specific pulse associated with the first marker tooth 7-2, the time interval at which the first specific pulse arrives having a delay shorter than the expected delay, determining, based on the first specific pulse, a short delay of a second specific pulse associated with the second marker tooth 7-3, which appears consecutively therewith, the short delay representing the time intervals of the first and second specific pulses;
determining the circumferential spacing C of the first (7-2) and second (7-3) index teeth of a propeller at an axial position based on a short delay Pitch The end face of the sound taking wheel with small space between the two marking teeth is zero pitch, the distance between the two marking teeth of the sound taking wheel is positive, and the minimum distance C between the two marking teeth is as follows Pitch Instead of 0, the offset b is subtracted so that the circumferential spacing C can be determined by using the bevel angle 2α and tangent function of the two index teeth Pitch Conversion to axial pitch D of propeller Pitch ；
Determining the phase angle of the magnetic induction probe 11 at the current data acquisition time relative to the position of a conventional tooth near the particular tooth based on a particular interval from the arrival time to the phase angle data acquisition time of the conventional tooth, and selecting t of FIG. 5 in particular implementations i+5 The arrival time of the conventional tooth corresponding to the moment is used for determining the relative position of the magnetic induction probe 11 at the current data acquisition moment to the conventional toothThe placed phase angle, research shows that the inclined sign teeth can shift the waveform relative to the tooth shape, thereby reducing the measurement precision of the phase angle, so that the sign teeth are avoided to select the phase angle reference point when the method is implemented;
and performing a calculation of the propeller rotational speed based on the expected delay.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the tone wheel member structure includes a first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring 1, a bolt 2, a first pad 3, a U-shaped torsion member 4, a rotation fastener 5, a positioning buckle cylinder 6, a tone wheel 7, a second pad 8, and a second double-countersunk-hole fixing ring 9;
the tooth structure of the tone wheel member is made of soft magnetic materials, the structure is cylindrical with shaft holes and bolt holes, the non-tooth structure is made of light metal, so that the weight of the sensor is reduced, the thickness of the tone wheel teeth is larger than or equal to the variation range of pitch, the pair of torque teeth 4-1 form 180 degrees, the mass of each torque tooth 4-1 is identical to that of a conventional tooth, the conventional teeth 7-1 are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction and are parallel to the axis of the tone wheel 7, the volumes and the masses of the first sign tooth 7-2 and the second sign tooth 7-3 are respectively set to be half of any conventional tooth 7-1, and the first sign tooth 7-2 and the second sign tooth 7-3 form the same alpha angle with the parallel line of the conventional tooth 7-1 which is arranged in the circumferential direction;
the U-shaped torsion member 4, the cushion block, the rotary fastener 5, the positioning buckle cylinder 6 and the tone wheel 7 are provided with two bolt holes and a circular shaft hole, the first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring 1 and the second double-countersunk-hole fixing ring 9 are provided with two bolt holes and shaft holes, the shaft holes are the same as the cross section of the torsion spring shaft 10, and the shaft holes are circular sections with double cuts in specific implementation and are used for transmitting the deformation of the torsion spring;
the positioning buckle cylinder 6 is provided with a chute 6-1 and a chute notch 6-2, wherein the chute 6-1 is nested with a convex hook 5-1 on the rotary fastener 5, and the chute notch 6-2 is configured to be screwed into the rotary fastener 5;
the torsion spring shaft 10 comprises a torsion spring 10-1 and two hollow circular shafts with double tangent planes, the retaining length of the non-circular section is larger than the pitch measurement range, namely, the two ends of the torsion spring shaft 10 can be circular shafts, so that the integrated design of a propeller and the shaft is facilitated, and the hollow shaft part is used for accommodating a beta oil delivery pipe of a hydraulic pitch actuating mechanism of the propeller, so that the torsion spring shaft 10 can resist a small range of bending moment, the torsion spring 10-1 needs to reasonably design the deformation to prevent mutual collision of torque teeth and conventional teeth, and the relative deviation of waveforms and tooth shapes is caused by the fact that the torque teeth and the conventional teeth are too close to each other;
the torsion spring shaft 10 is connected with the turboprop engine or the driving motor at the left side and the variable pitch propeller at the right side, and as another alternative of the invention, the torsion spring shaft 10 is connected with the turboprop engine or the driving motor at the left side and the variable pitch rotor at the right side, and the phase angle is not measured.
The tone wheel component comprises the following mounting methods: from left to right, the first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring 1, the first cushion block 3, the U-shaped torsion part 4, the rotary fastener 5, the positioning buckle cylinder 6, the tone wheel 7, the second cushion block 8 and the second double-countersunk-hole fixing ring 9 are sleeved on the torsion spring shaft 10 in sequence, the rotary fastener 5 is screwed in from the chute notch 6-2 of the positioning buckle cylinder 6, the tone wheel 7 and the U-shaped torsion part 4 need to be screwed in opposite directions, and the torsion angle is in a static state
Bolts (2) at one end of the tone wheel member are placed on the bolt holes on the first double countersunk hole fixing ring (1), the first cushion block 3 and the U-shaped torsion piece 4, bolts at the other end of the tone wheel member are placed on the bolt holes on the tone wheel 7, the second cushion block 8 and the second double countersunk hole fixing ring 9, and by tightening the first and second double countersunk hole fixing ring bolts 2, circumferential and axial non-fixation of the tone wheel is realized, and rotary sliding on the torsion spring shaft 10 can be realized.
Referring to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, the signal processing module 12 is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a filter circuit, a signal conditioning circuit and an embedded system. The filtering circuit is used for connecting the magnetic induction probe 11, outputting the magnetic induction probe to the signal conditioning circuit, and finally connecting the magnetic induction probe to the embedded system and sending data to the data display module 13 through the bus interface; the data display module 13 outputs the data sent by the signal processing module 12 in a visible or readable form, and has the forms of direct display of data values, data table display, various statistical graphic display and the like.
The torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measurement method based on the tone wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the tone wheel member and the propeller beta feedback rod are coupled together for operation with the engine, and the magnetic induction probe 11 generates associated signal pulses in response to the passage of a pair of torque teeth 4-1, a first flag tooth 7-2, a second flag tooth 7-3 and a plurality of regular teeth 7-1 evenly circumferentially spaced on the outer circumferential surface of said tone wheel member and transmits to said signal processing module 12; the signal processing module 12 performs filtering, amplitude limiting, differential amplification and hysteresis comparison on the plurality of signal pulses acquired from the magnetic induction probe 11, so as to obtain a positive square wave signal. The square wave signals are transmitted to the embedded system through the signals, the embedded system captures the rising edge time or the falling edge time of a plurality of square waves from the square wave signals by utilizing codes with specific functions written by software, data processing and storage are carried out, in the embodiment, the rising edge is taken, the long delay, the short delay, the specific interval and the expected delay are read out, and then the torque, the pitch, the phase angle and the rotating speed at the current time are calculated.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific function code has the following logic steps: in specific implementation, a 9-tooth tone wheel is taken, and t is set i+k ＝t i+3 For the moment of arrival of the square wave corresponding to the torque tooth, i.e. k=3, t i 、t i+1 The moment of square wave coming from the first and second sign teeth respectively, the long delay is still larger than the expected delay under the zero pitch due to the load characteristic of the propeller itself, is not influenced by the measurement error,
step 1: a threshold value E capable of identifying a first specific pulse and a threshold value f capable of identifying a pulse associated with a torque tooth are initially set, wherein E is smaller than 1, f is larger than 1, the total number of teeth of a sound wheel component is Z=9, the radius of a tooth top circle is R, and a pitch compensation value b exists, wherein the compensation value is caused by the fact that a sign tooth adopts an eight shape instead of a herringbone shape, the elastic modulus of a torsion spring (10-1) is E, the diameter of the torsion spring is D, the revolution diameter of the torsion spring is D, the effective number of turns is n, and the rigidity of the torsion spring is K=f (E, D, n and D);
step 2: capturing arrival time t of all square wave rising edges of one rotation of tone wheel member 0 ，…，t i ，…，t z Then, according to the equidistant characteristics of the conventional teeth, the expected delay t is obtained A ＝(t z -t 0 )/(Z-1)＝(t i+5 -t i-4 )/(Z-1)＝(t 9 -t 0 )/(9-1)；
Step 3: capturing rising edge time t of three continuous square wave signals i+k 、t i+k+1 、t i+k+2 I.e. t i+3 、t i+4 、t i+5 ；
Step 4: performing a logical operation (t) i+4 -t i+3 )＞f·t A &&(2-f)·t A ＜(t i+5 -t i+4 )＜f·t A If true, store long delay t L1 ＝t i+4 -t i+3 Because a pair of torque teeth form 180 degrees, the long delay average value of one rotation of the sound taking wheel component
And marks the phase angle reference position t i+k+2 ＝t i+5 If false, returning to the step 3;
step 5: capturing rising edge time t of five continuous square wave signals i-2 、t i-1 、t i 、t i+1 ，t i+2 ；
Step 6: performing logic operation f.t A ＜(t i-1 -t i-2 )&&(t i -t i-1 )＜e·t A &&(t i+2 -t i+1 )＜e·t A If true, a short delay t is stored S ＝t i+1 -t i If false, returning to the step 5;
step 7: whether to execute the data acquisition instruction, if true, acquiring the time t of the current execution instruction N And performs the following calculation with torque equal to
Pitch->
Phase angle->
Rotational speed->
And finally, if false, returning to the step 2.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the magnetic induction probe 11 is composed of a magnetic induction coil, an iron core and a permanent magnetic material, the change of the gap delta between the sound wheel and the iron core is caused in the process of rotating the sound wheel, the magnetic resistance and the gap size are directly related, the alternating magnetic resistance change can excite induced voltage in the magnetic induction probe, the generation time of the voltage corresponds to the arrival time of teeth, so that the magnetic induction probe 11 can respond to the associated signal pulse generated by the passing of the torque tooth 4-1, the first sign tooth 7-2, the second sign tooth 7-3 and the plurality of conventional teeth 7-1 on the sound wheel, and after conditioning into square waves, the signal processing module 12 inputs and captures and acquires the rising edge time of each square wave to calculate the long delay average value t L Short delay pre-t S Specific interval, phase delay t A Further, torque, pitch, phase angle and rotational speed are calculated. For torque, the torsional deformation of the torsional spring shaft 10 is converted into the deflection of a pair of torque teeth through the U-shaped torsion member 4, and the torque T is calculated through mechanical conversion; for pitch, the tone wheel moves axially along with the beta feedback rod on the torsion spring shaft, and two sign teeth are isosceles trapezoids in the structure of the tone wheel, so that a tangent function and an oblique angle are needed to make the bottom (axial distance C Pitch ) Converted to high (axial pitch D Pitch )
The functions are as follows: the torque, pitch, phase angle and rotating speed of the propeller can be measured with high precision by only using the magneto-electric sensor with the tone wheel, and the measuring parameters of the sensor are provided for the control of the turboprop.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and based on the technical solution disclosed in the invention, those skilled in the art can make some simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical content, which all fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The torque-pitch-phase angle-rotating speed integrated measuring device based on the tone wheel comprises a torsion spring shaft (10), a tone wheel component, a magnetic induction probe (11), a signal processing module (12) and a data display module (13), wherein a pair of 180-degree torque teeth (4-1), a first sign tooth (7-2), a second sign tooth (7-3) and a plurality of regular teeth (7-1) which are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction are arranged on the peripheral surface of the tone wheel component, the pair of torque teeth (4-1) can transmit torsional deformation of the torsion spring shaft (10) to generate position deflection, and the torsion angle of the pair of torque teeth (4-1) can transmit torsional deformation of the torsion spring shaft (10)
Reflecting the torque magnitude, the first marking tooth (7-2) and the second marking tooth (7-3) are respectively closer to two adjacent regular teeth (7-1) in the circumferential position, and the circumferential distance C between the first marking tooth (7-2) and the second marking tooth (7-3) Pitch Reflecting the pitch of the propeller, the tone wheel member being fixedly connected to a beta feedback rod, wherein the beta feedback rod is an element transmitting the pitch of the propeller;
the magnetic induction probe (11) is fixed on an engine stationary part, the magnetic induction probe and the tone wheel mounting clearance is delta, and the magnetic induction probe is configured to be used for responding to a plurality of signal pulses generated by passing a pair of torque teeth (4-1), two sign teeth and a plurality of regular teeth (7-1), and the occurrence time sequence of the plurality of signal pulses corresponds to the passing time sequence of the pair of torque teeth (4-1), the first sign teeth (7-2), the second sign teeth (7-3) and the plurality of regular teeth (7-1) during the rotation of the tone wheel component;
-the signal processing module (12) connected to the magnetically susceptible probe (11) for obtaining signal pulses and configured for:
determining an expected delay based on the plurality of signal pulses, the expected delay representing a time interval between two normally adjacent regular teeth (7-1);
from multiple signal pulsesIdentifying within an interval a pulse time interval associated with said torque tooth (4-1), the time interval being a long delay having a delay longer than said expected delay, the difference between the long delay and the expected delay reflecting the torsion angle
Is of a size of (2);
identifying, from within a plurality of signal pulses, a first specific pulse associated with the first marker tooth (7-2), the time interval at which the first specific pulse arrives having a delay shorter than the expected delay, determining, based on the first specific pulse, a short delay of a second specific pulse associated with the second marker tooth (7-3) in which it appears consecutively, the short delay representing the time intervals of the first and second specific pulses;
determining the circumferential spacing C of the first (7-2) and second (7-3) index teeth of a propeller at an axial position based on a short delay Pitch The end face of the sound taking wheel with small space between the two marking teeth is zero pitch, the distance between the two marking teeth of the sound taking wheel is positive, and the minimum distance C between the two marking teeth is as follows Pitch It is not zero and the compensation value b needs to be subtracted, so the circumferential spacing C can be determined by using the bevel angle 2α and tangent function of two sign teeth Pitch Conversion to axial pitch D of propeller Pitch ；
Determining the phase angle of a magnetic induction probe (11) at the current data acquisition time relative to the position of a conventional tooth based on a specific interval from the arrival time of the conventional tooth to the phase angle data acquisition time near the special tooth, wherein the special tooth comprises a torque tooth (4-1) and a sign tooth;
and calculating a propeller rotational speed based on the expected delay;
the structure of the tone wheel component comprises a first double countersunk hole fixed ring (1), a bolt (2), a first cushion block (3), a U-shaped torsion piece (4), a rotary fastener (5), a positioning buckle cylinder (6), a tone wheel (7), a second cushion block (8) and a second double countersunk hole fixed ring (9);
the tooth structure of the tone wheel component is made of soft magnetic materials, the structure is cylindrical with a shaft hole and a bolt hole, the non-tooth structure is made of light metal, the thickness of the tone wheel tooth is larger than or equal to the variation range of the pitch, the pair of torque teeth (4-1) form 180 degrees, the mass of each torque tooth (4-1) is identical to that of a conventional tooth, the conventional teeth (7-1) are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction and are parallel to the axis of the tone wheel (7), the volumes and the masses of the first marking tooth (7-2) and the second marking tooth (7-3) are respectively set to be half of any conventional tooth (7-1), and the first marking tooth (7-2) and the second marking tooth (7-3) form the same alpha angle with the parallel line of the conventional tooth (7-1) arranged in the circumferential direction; the U-shaped torsion piece (4), the cushion block, the rotary fastener (5), the positioning buckle cylinder (6) and the tone wheel (7) are provided with two bolt holes and a round shaft hole, the first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring (1) and the second double-countersunk-hole fixing ring (9) are provided with two bolt holes and a shaft hole, and the shaft hole is the same as the cross section of the torsion spring shaft (10) in shape and is a non-round section; the positioning buckle cylinder (6) is provided with a chute (6-1) and a chute notch (6-2), wherein the chute (6-1) is nested with a convex hook (5-1) on the rotary buckle (5), and the chute notch (6-2) is configured to be screwed into the rotary buckle (5); the torsion spring shaft (10) comprises a torsion spring (10-1) and two hollow circular shafts with double tangent planes, the retaining length of the non-circular section is larger than the pitch measurement range, the two ends of the torsion spring shaft (10) are circular shafts, and the hollow parts of the shafts are used for placing beta oil delivery pipes of the hydraulic pitch-changing actuating mechanism of the propeller;
the torsion spring shaft (10) is connected with the turboprop engine or the driving motor at the left side and the variable pitch propeller at the right side, and as another option of the invention, the torsion spring shaft (10) is connected with the turboprop engine or the driving motor at the left side and the variable pitch rotor at the right side, and the phase angle is not measured.
2. The integrated measuring device for torque-pitch-phase angle-rotation speed based on tone wheel according to claim 1, wherein the method for mounting the tone wheel component comprises the following steps: from left to right, the first double-countersunk-hole fixing ring (1), the first cushion block (3), the U-shaped torsion piece (4), the rotary fastener (5), the positioning buckle cylinder (6), the sound wheel (7), the second cushion block (8) and the second double-countersunk-hole fixing ring (9) are sleeved on the torsion spring shaft (10), the rotary fastener (5) is screwed in from a chute notch (6-2) of the positioning buckle cylinder (6),the tone wheel (7) and the U-shaped torsion member (4) need to be rotationally aligned so that the torsion angle is in a static state
Bolts at one end of the tone wheel component are placed on the bolt holes on the first double countersunk hole fixing ring (1), the first cushion block (3) and the U-shaped torsion piece (4), bolts at the other end of the tone wheel component are placed on the bolt holes on the tone wheel (7), the second cushion block (8) and the second double countersunk hole fixing ring (9), and the double countersunk hole fixing ring bolts (2) are screwed down.
3. The tone wheel based torque-pitch-phase angle-rotational speed integrated measurement device of claim 1, the signal processing module (12) comprising: the system comprises a filter circuit, a signal conditioning circuit and an embedded system; the filtering circuit is connected with the magnetic induction probe (11), then outputs the magnetic induction probe to the signal conditioning circuit, is finally connected to the embedded system and sends data to the data display module (13) through the bus interface; the data display module (13) outputs the data sent by the signal processing module (12) in a visible or readable form.
4. The measuring method based on the integrated measuring device of torque-pitch-phase angle-rotation speed of the tone wheel according to claim 1, comprising the following procedures:
the tone wheel member and the propeller beta feedback rod are coupled together and work together with the engine, the magnetic induction probe (11) responds to the passing of a pair of torque teeth (4-1), a first sign tooth (7-2), a second sign tooth (7-3) and a plurality of regular teeth (7-1) which are uniformly spaced circumferentially on the peripheral surface of the tone wheel member to generate associated signal pulses, and the associated signal pulses are transmitted to the signal processing module (12), the signal processing module (12) carries out the processes of filtering, limiting, differential amplifying and hysteresis comparison on the plurality of signal pulses collected from the magnetic induction probe (11) so as to obtain positive square wave signals, the square wave signals are transmitted to the embedded system, the embedded system captures the rising edge time or the falling edge time of the square wave signals by utilizing codes of specific functions written by software, carries out data processing and storage, reads out the long delay, short delay, specific interval and expected delay, and further calculates the torque, pitch, phase angle and rotating speed at the current time.
5. The measuring method based on the integrated measuring device of torque-pitch-phase angle-rotation speed of the tone wheel according to claim 4, the code of the specific function has the following logic steps:
let t be i+k For the arrival time of the square wave corresponding to the torque tooth, t i 、t i+1 The moment of square wave coming from the first and second sign teeth respectively, the long delay is still larger than the expected delay under the zero pitch due to the load characteristic of the propeller itself, is not influenced by the measurement error,
step 1: a threshold value E capable of identifying a first specific pulse and a threshold value f capable of identifying a pulse associated with a torque tooth are initially set, wherein E is smaller than 1, f is larger than 1, the total number of teeth of a sound wheel component is Z, the radius of a tooth top circle is R, and a pitch compensation value b exists, wherein the compensation value is caused by the fact that a sign tooth adopts an eight shape instead of a herringbone shape, the elastic modulus of a torsion spring (10-1) is E, the diameter of the torsion spring is D, the revolution diameter of the torsion spring is D, the effective number of turns is n, and the rigidity of the torsion spring is K=f (E, D, n and D);
step 2: capturing arrival time t of all square wave rising edges of one rotation of tone wheel member 0 ，…，t i ，…，t z Then, according to the equidistant characteristics of the conventional teeth, the expected delay t is obtained A ＝(t z -t 0 )/(Z-1)；
Step 3: capturing rising edge time t of three continuous square wave signals i+k 、t i+k+1 、t i+k+2 ；
Step 4: performing a logical operation (t) i+k+1 -t i+k )＞f·t A &&(2-f)·t A ＜(t i+k+2 -t i+k+1 )＜f·t A If true, store long delay t L1 ＝t i+k+1 -t i+k Because a pair of torque teeth form 180 degrees, the long delay average value of one rotation of the sound taking wheel component
And marks the phase angle reference position t i+k+2 If false, returning to the step 3;
step 5: capturing rising edge time t of five continuous square wave signals i-2 、t i-1 、t i 、t i+1 ，t i+2 ；
Step 6: performing logic operation f.t A ＜(t i-1 -t i-2 )&&(t i -t i-1 )＜e·t A &&(t i+2 -t i+1 )＜e·t A If true, a short delay t is stored S ＝t i+1 -t i If false, returning to the step 5;
step 7: whether to execute the data acquisition instruction, if true, acquiring the time t of the current execution instruction N And performs the following calculation with torque equal to
Pitch->
Phase angle
Rotational speed->
And finally, if false, returning to the step 2./>
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