CN111974856A - Vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace, hot stamping production line thereof and hot stamping method - Google Patents
Vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace, hot stamping production line thereof and hot stamping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111974856A CN111974856A CN201910435435.1A CN201910435435A CN111974856A CN 111974856 A CN111974856 A CN 111974856A CN 201910435435 A CN201910435435 A CN 201910435435A CN 111974856 A CN111974856 A CN 111974856A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace, which is characterized in that: including hot area, cold district, first closing mechanism, second closing mechanism, conveying mechanism, first closing mechanism sets up the hot area with between the cold district, conveying mechanism is used for making the work piece be in when first closing mechanism is in the open mode the cold district with carry between the hot area, second closing mechanism sets up on the cold district, second closing mechanism is in be in closed condition when first closing mechanism is in the open mode, the hot area with the cold district corresponds respectively to be equipped with and enables the hot area with the cold district is in the pressure regulating system of vacuum anaerobic environment. The vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace ensures that the material sheet is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment in the heating process, avoids oxide skin generation and galling of a bare plate during molding, prolongs the service life of the die, cancels the original shot blasting procedure, shortens the production period, saves the cost and improves the quality of bare plate parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace, a hot stamping production line and a hot stamping method using the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace.
Background
At present, high-strength steel materials in the automobile hot stamping industry are generally two types, namely a 22MnB5 coating plate and a bare plate, the bare plate is applied more and more due to low price, and because the bare plate can generate oxide skin after being heated, the oxide skin mainly comprises ferrous oxide, ferroferric oxide and ferric oxide, is crisp in texture and free of extensibility, and can easily crack and separate under the mechanical action and the hot processing action, so that when the bare plate is formed on a die, the oxide skin on the bare plate can increase the friction between the steel plate and the die, the abrasion of the die is increased, the service life of the die is reduced, and meanwhile, the generation of the oxide skin can reduce the forming performance of the steel plate and generate strain; and the thermal conductivity of the oxide scale is very low, thus seriously influencing the heat transfer between the steel plate and the die.
In order to inhibit the oxidation of the bare plate, the existing production process method is to introduce inert gas into a radiation heating furnace to reduce the oxygen content, but the industrial hearth space is large, the atmosphere establishment period is long, the furnace door can be opened and closed on line, the oxygen content in furnace gas can not be reduced to be infinitely low, the low-oxygen environment can only slow down the oxidation speed of the bare plate at high temperature, and can not avoid the generation of oxide skin, especially when the furnace gas is mixed unevenly, the oxidation of the bare plate is aggravated, and the surface quality of the bare plate after thermal forming can not reach the surface quality effect of the coated plate after thermal forming, so a shot blasting oil spraying process is carried out after the thermal forming of the bare plate, and the purpose is to remove the oxide skin generated during the thermal forming.
Most of vacuum heating furnaces in the current market are cold furnace charging/cold furnace discharging, and the heating furnace cannot meet industrial continuous production in the mode; when using continuous vacuum furnace, because during the high temperature ejection of compact, a plurality of positions all are in high temperature state in the stove, and the cold tablet of going into the stove can be heated in the twinkling of an eye, and the stove air is not taken away this moment in, and the risk that the tablet oxidized when this moment increases by a wide margin.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace, which ensures that a material sheet is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment in the heating process, avoids oxide skin generated during the forming of a bare plate, wears a galling die and prolongs the service life of the die.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a vacuum anaerobic heating furnace, includes hot area, cold area, first closing mechanism, second closing mechanism, conveying mechanism, first closing mechanism sets up the hot area with between the cold area, conveying mechanism is used for first closing mechanism makes the work piece be in when opening the state the cold area with carry between the hot area, second closing mechanism sets up on the cold area, second closing mechanism is in be in closed condition when first closing mechanism is in opening the state, the hot area with the cold area corresponds respectively and is equipped with the ability the hot area with the cold area is in the pressure regulating system of vacuum anaerobic environment.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of heat insulation pieces are arranged in the hot area, the upper side and the lower side of each heat insulation piece are provided with the reflecting plates, and the heat insulation pieces separate the hot area into a plurality of hearths.
In the technical scheme, each hearth is internally provided with a conveying mechanism and a heating element, the heating element is arranged above the conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism rotates forwards and backwards in the hearths, so that the workpieces move in a reciprocating manner.
In the above technical scheme, the pressure regulating system includes a vacuum unit for evacuation and an inflation unit for inflation of protective atmosphere, the evacuation unit includes a vacuum pipe communicated with the cold zone or the hot zone, and the inflation unit includes an inflation pipe communicated with the cold zone or the hot zone.
The other technical scheme is that the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises a hot area and a cold area, wherein the cold area comprises a feeding cold area arranged on a feeding side of the hot area, the first opening and closing mechanism comprises a first opening and closing door arranged between the feeding cold area and the hot area, the second opening and closing mechanism comprises a third opening and closing door arranged on the feeding cold area, and the feeding cold area can be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the first opening and closing door is in an opening state and the third opening and closing door is in a closing state.
The other technical scheme is that the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises a hot area and a cold area, wherein the cold area comprises a discharging cold area arranged on a discharging side of the hot area, the first opening and closing mechanism comprises a second opening and closing door arranged between the discharging cold area and the hot area, the second opening and closing mechanism comprises a fourth opening and closing door arranged on the discharging cold area, and the discharging cold area can be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the second opening and closing door is in an opening state and the fourth opening and closing door is in a closing state.
A hot stamping production line of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises an unstacking trolley for placing workpieces, a marking station for receiving the workpieces output by the unstacking trolley and marking the workpieces, a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace for receiving the workpieces output by the marking station and carrying out hot processing, a press for receiving the workpieces output by the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace and stamping the workpieces, and a conveying track for receiving the workpieces output by the press and conveying the workpieces.
A hot stamping method of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises the following steps:
opening the cold zone to receive the workpiece while the cold zone and the hot zone are in an isolated state;
closing the cold area and enabling the cold area to be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state and the cold area receives the workpiece;
When the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state, the hot area is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
after the cold area and the hot area are both in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, the cold area and the hot area are in a communicated state, and the workpiece is conveyed from the cold area to the hot area;
heating the workpiece in a vacuum oxygen-free environment in a hot zone;
and stamping the heated workpiece.
A hot stamping method of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises the following steps:
when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state, heating the workpiece in the hot area in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state, the cold area is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
when the cold area and the hot area are both in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, conveying the workpiece heated in the hot area to the cold area;
isolating the cold zone from the hot zone after the workpiece is conveyed to the cold zone;
outputting the workpiece from the cold area when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state;
and stamping the cooled workpiece.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises a hot area, a cold area, a first opening and closing mechanism, a second opening and closing mechanism and a conveying mechanism, wherein the first opening and closing mechanism and the second opening and closing mechanism are arranged to enable the hot area and the cold area to form independent spaces respectively, when the hot area of the heating furnace is in a feeding/discharging state, the hot area is ensured to be always in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, oxidation is avoided, a workpiece is prevented from generating oxide skin in the heating process, a galling die is prevented from being worn, meanwhile, the original shot blasting process can be cancelled by avoiding oxidation, the equipment investment is reduced, the production process is reduced, the production period is shortened.
2. The feeding cold area is arranged on the feeding side of the hot area, and the feeding cold area is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the first opening and closing door is in an opening state and the third opening and closing door is in a closing state, so that the workpiece is further ensured to be in the vacuum oxygen-free environment before and during heating, and oxidation is prevented.
3. The discharging cold area is arranged on the discharging side of the hot area, and the discharging cold area can be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the second opening and closing door is in an opening state and the fourth opening and closing door is in a closing state, so that oxygen does not enter the hot area when the second opening and closing door is opened, the service life of the structure is prolonged, and the time for vacuumizing in the hot area to reach the required vacuum degree is shortened.
4. The heat insulation pieces are arranged in the hot area, the hot area is divided into a plurality of hearths, each hearth can be independently controlled to heat, the requirement of the uniformity of the temperature in the furnace is met, and the reflecting plates are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of each heat insulation piece, so that the reflecting effect in the furnace is improved, and the radiation heat loss is reduced.
5. And a conveying mechanism and a heating element are arranged in each hearth, the heating element is arranged above the conveying mechanism, and the workpiece is arranged on the conveying mechanism, so that the heating element is positioned above the workpiece, the heating time of the workpiece is controlled within 3-4 min, the conveying mechanism can rotate forwards and backwards in the hearths, and the workpiece reciprocates in the hearths along with the conveying mechanism on the conveying mechanism, thereby further increasing the uniformity of workpiece heating.
6. The pressure regulating system comprises a vacuumizing unit and an inflating unit, the vacuumizing unit can be used for vacuumizing a cold area and a hot area in a sealed state, and the inflating unit can fill the hearth with a vacuum degree of 103~104The protective atmosphere of Pa ensures that the workpiece is heated in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, and the workpiece can be further uniformly heated due to the existence of the protective atmosphere in the hearth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hot stamping line according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a loading elevator of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the discharging elevator of the invention.
Wherein: 1. a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace; 2. a hot zone; 3. a feeding cold area; 4. a discharging cold area; 5. a conveying mechanism; 6. a first opening/closing door; 7. a second opening/closing door; 8. a third open/close door; 9. a fourth opening and closing door; 10. a thermal insulation member; 11. a reflective plate; 12. a hearth; 13. a heating element; 14. a destacking trolley; 15. a marking station; 16. a press; 17. a conveying track; 18. a steel structure; 19. a lifting platform; 20. a lift platform motor; 21. a conveying mechanism motor; 22. a centering mechanism; 23. a robot.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace includes a hot zone 2, a cold zone, a first opening and closing mechanism, a second opening and closing mechanism, and a conveying mechanism 5, wherein the first opening and closing mechanism is disposed between the hot zone 2 and the cold zone, the conveying mechanism 5 is configured to convey a workpiece between the cold zone and the hot zone 2 when the first opening and closing mechanism is in an open state, the second opening and closing mechanism is disposed on the cold zone, the second opening and closing mechanism is in a closed state when the first opening and closing mechanism is in an open state, and pressure regulating systems capable of making the hot zone 2 and the cold zone in a vacuum oxygen-free environment are respectively and correspondingly disposed in the hot zone 2 and the cold zone.
Referring to fig. 1, a feeding cold area 3 is arranged on a feeding side of the hot area 2, a discharging cold area 4 is arranged on a discharging side of the hot area 2, the first opening and closing mechanism includes a first opening and closing door 6 arranged between the feeding cold area 3 and the hot area 2, and a second opening and closing door 7 arranged between the discharging cold area 4 and the hot area 2, the second opening and closing mechanism includes a third opening and closing door 8 arranged on the feeding cold area 3 and a fourth opening and closing door 9 arranged on the discharging cold area 4, the feeding cold area 3 can be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the first opening and closing door 6 is in an opening state and the third opening and closing door 8 is in a closing state, and the discharging cold area 4 can be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the second opening and closing door 7 is in an opening state and the fourth opening and closing door 9 is in a closing state.
The hot area 2 both sides set up material loading cold zone 3 and ejection of compact cold zone 4, and hot area 2, material loading cold zone 3, ejection of compact cold zone 4 forms independent space respectively, oxygen can not get into hot area 2 when material loading cold zone 3 and ejection of compact cold zone 4 are opened, and when hot area 2 is opened, guarantee that material loading cold zone 3 and ejection of compact cold zone 4 are in vacuum anaerobic environment, therefore, material loading cold zone 3 and ejection of compact cold zone 4 set up and make hot area 2 keep vacuum anaerobic environment throughout, guarantee that the work piece heating process does not produce the cinder, the mould that draws hair is worn and torn, avoid the work piece to be by the oxidation simultaneously and can cancel former shot-blasting process, reduce equipment input, reduce the production process, shorten production cycle, guarantee part processingquality.
The cold zone can also be a feeding cold zone 3 which is separately arranged on the feeding side of the hot zone 2 or a discharging cold zone 4 which is separately arranged on the discharging side of the hot zone 2.
Referring to fig. 1, a plurality of heat insulation members 10 are arranged in the hot zone 2, the upper and lower sides of the heat insulation members 10 are provided with reflective plates 11, the heat insulation members 10 divide the hot zone 2 into a plurality of hearths 12, so that each hearth 12 can be independently controlled to heat, and the requirement of temperature uniformity in the furnace is met, and the upper and lower sides of the heat insulation members 10 are provided with the reflective plates 11, so that the reflection effect in the furnace is increased, and the radiation heat loss is reduced.
In order to further enable the workpieces to be uniformly heated, a conveying mechanism 5 and a heating element 13 are arranged in each hearth 12, the heating element 13 is arranged above the conveying mechanism 5, and the conveying mechanism 5 rotates forwards and backwards in the hearths 12, so that the workpieces are made to reciprocate.
The pressure regulating system is including the vacuum unit that is used for the evacuation and the unit of aerifing that is used for filling into protective atmosphere, the vacuum unit include with cold zone or evacuation pipeline, the vacuum degree detection pipeline of hot zone 2 intercommunication, aerify the unit include with the inflation pipeline, the safe pressure release pipeline of cold zone or hot zone 2 intercommunication.
A hot stamping production line utilizing a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises an unstacking trolley 14 for placing workpieces, a marking station 15 for receiving the workpieces output by the unstacking trolley 14 and marking, the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace 1 for receiving the workpieces output by the marking station 15 and carrying out hot processing, a press 16 for receiving the workpieces output by the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace 1 and stamping, and a conveying track 17 for receiving the workpieces output by the press 16 and conveying.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a feeding elevator is arranged between the marking station 15 and the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace 1, a discharging elevator is arranged between the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace 1 and the press 16, the feeding elevator and the discharging elevator comprise a steel structure 18, a lifting platform 19, a lifting platform motor 20, a conveying mechanism 5 and a conveying mechanism motor 21, the conveying mechanism 5 is arranged on the lifting platform 19 and moves up and down along with the lifting platform 19, so that the conveying mechanism 5 and the conveying mechanism 5 in the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace 1 are positioned on the same horizontal plane to facilitate conveying of workpieces, the discharging elevator further comprises a centering mechanism 22, the centering mechanism 22 is arranged below the conveying mechanism 5, and the centering mechanism 22 moves up and down along with the lifting platform 19.
The marking station 15 with the material loading elevator room, the ejection of compact elevator with between the press 16, the press 16 with be equipped with robot 23 between transfer orbit 17, robot 23 is used for the transport of tablet, improves work efficiency, alleviates workman's work load.
A hot stamping method of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises the following steps:
opening the cold zone to receive the workpiece while the cold zone and the hot zone 2 are in an isolated state;
when the cold area and the hot area 2 are in an isolated state and the cold area receives the workpiece, closing the cold area and enabling the cold area to be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
when the cold area and the hot area 2 are in an isolated state, the hot area 2 is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
after the cold area and the hot area 2 are both in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, the cold area and the hot area 2 are in a communicated state, and the workpiece is conveyed from the cold area to the hot area 2;
heating the workpiece in the hot zone 2 in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
and stamping the heated workpiece.
In the above steps, "when the cold area and the hot area 2 are in an isolated state, the hot area 2 is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment", which may be performed before the cold area receives the workpiece, or when the cold area receives the workpiece, or after the cold area receives the workpiece, without the requirement of sequence.
A hot stamping method of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises the following steps:
when the cold area and the hot area 2 are in an isolated state, heating the workpiece in the hot area 2 in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
when the cold area and the hot area 2 are in an isolated state, the cold area is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
when the cold area and the hot area 2 are both in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, conveying the workpiece heated in the hot area 2 to the cold area;
after the workpiece is conveyed to the cold area, the cold area is isolated from the hot area 2;
when the cold area and the hot area 2 are in an isolated state, outputting the workpiece from the cold area;
and stamping the cooled workpiece.
In the above steps, "when the cold zone and the hot zone 2 are in an isolated state, the vacuum oxygen-free environment of the cold zone" is not in a sequential relationship with "heating the workpiece in the hot zone 2".
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace is characterized in that: including hot area, cold district, first closing mechanism, second closing mechanism, conveying mechanism, first closing mechanism sets up the hot area with between the cold district, conveying mechanism is used for making the work piece be in when first closing mechanism is in the open mode the cold district with carry between the hot area, second closing mechanism sets up on the cold district, second closing mechanism is in be in closed condition when first closing mechanism is in the open mode, the hot area with the cold district corresponds respectively to be equipped with and enables the hot area with the cold district is in the pressure regulating system of vacuum anaerobic environment.
2. The vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cold area comprises a feeding cold area arranged on the feeding side of the hot area, the first opening and closing mechanism comprises a first opening and closing door arranged between the feeding cold area and the hot area, the second opening and closing mechanism comprises a third opening and closing door arranged on the feeding cold area, and the feeding cold area can be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the first opening and closing door is in an opening state and the third opening and closing door is in a closing state.
3. The vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the cold area comprises a discharge cold area arranged on the discharge side of the hot area, the first opening and closing mechanism comprises a second opening and closing door arranged between the discharge cold area and the hot area, the second opening and closing mechanism comprises a fourth opening and closing door arranged on the discharge cold area, and the discharge cold area can be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the second opening and closing door is in an open state and the fourth opening and closing door is in a closed state.
4. The vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hot area is internally provided with a plurality of heat insulation pieces, the upper side and the lower side of each heat insulation piece are provided with reflecting plates, and the heat insulation pieces separate the hot area to form a plurality of hearths.
5. The vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: and a conveying mechanism and a heating element are arranged in each hearth, the heating element is arranged above the conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism rotates forwards and backwards in the hearths, so that the workpieces move in a reciprocating manner.
6. The vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressure regulating system comprises a vacuum unit for vacuumizing and an inflation unit for inflating protective atmosphere, the vacuum unit comprises a vacuum pipeline communicated with the cold area or the hot area, and the inflation unit comprises an inflation pipeline communicated with the cold area or the hot area.
7. A hot stamping line using the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the device comprises an unstacking trolley for placing workpieces, a marking station for receiving the workpieces output by the unstacking trolley and marking the workpieces, a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace for receiving the workpieces output by the marking station and carrying out hot processing, a press for receiving the workpieces output by the vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace and carrying out stamping, and a conveying track for receiving the workpieces output by the press and conveying the workpieces.
8. A hot stamping method of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises the following steps:
opening the cold zone to receive the workpiece while the cold zone and the hot zone are in an isolated state;
closing the cold area and enabling the cold area to be in a vacuum oxygen-free environment when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state and the cold area receives the workpiece;
when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state, the hot area is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
after the cold area and the hot area are both in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, the cold area and the hot area are in a communicated state, and the workpiece is conveyed from the cold area to the hot area;
heating the workpiece in a vacuum oxygen-free environment in a hot zone;
and stamping the heated workpiece.
9. A hot stamping method of a vacuum oxygen-free heating furnace comprises the following steps:
when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state, heating the workpiece in the hot area in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state, the cold area is in a vacuum oxygen-free environment;
when the cold area and the hot area are both in a vacuum oxygen-free environment, conveying the workpiece heated in the hot area to the cold area;
isolating the cold zone from the hot zone after the workpiece is conveyed to the cold zone;
outputting the workpiece from the cold area when the cold area and the hot area are in an isolated state;
And stamping the cooled workpiece.
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Cited By (1)
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WO2024021560A1 (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-01 | 苏州普热斯勒先进成型技术有限公司 | Device and method for manufacturing hot-stamped part |
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WO2024021560A1 (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-01 | 苏州普热斯勒先进成型技术有限公司 | Device and method for manufacturing hot-stamped part |
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Application publication date: 20201124 |