CN111964590A - Method for installing laser scanner in tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning process - Google Patents
Method for installing laser scanner in tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111964590A CN111964590A CN202010858200.6A CN202010858200A CN111964590A CN 111964590 A CN111964590 A CN 111964590A CN 202010858200 A CN202010858200 A CN 202010858200A CN 111964590 A CN111964590 A CN 111964590A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for installing a laser scanner in the process of automatic monitoring and early warning of a tunnel, which comprises the steps of obtaining the mark position of a predetermined rock-entering deformed steel bar preformed hole; rotating the hole according to the marked position, and fixing the rock-entering threaded steel in the formed hole; fixing a laser scanner for carrying out automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning and a position adjusting device matched with the laser scanner on the entry-rock deformed steel bar; the laser scanner can rotate up and down and rotate left and right on the laser scanner lifting device. The laser scanner is arranged in the tunnel to collect tunnel intelligent monitoring data in real time, response time can be obtained in advance for tunnel geological disaster occurrence and engineering treatment, disaster accident loss is reduced to the maximum extent, safety of a construction tunnel and an operation tunnel is guaranteed, and the laser scanner has important engineering application value and great social and economic significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel monitoring, in particular to a method for installing a laser scanner in the process of automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning.
Background
The tunnel is used as a controlled project and a hidden project of a traffic line, the construction of the tunnel is mostly found in an area with large topographic relief in a mountainous area, the engineering geology and hydrogeology conditions of a site selection position are complex and variable, and more adverse geology problems are encountered in the construction and operation processes. Sudden accidents caused by unfavorable geological disasters in tunnel construction and tunnel operation become a potential safety hazard in the engineering field, and great economic loss and severe social influence are caused. Therefore, the tunnel needs to be monitored and measured in real time, stress states and stress distribution of the tunnel supporting structure under different working conditions are known, and dynamic conditions and stability conditions of surrounding rocks and structures are mastered. However, the traditional manual monitoring method has low field measurement frequency and complex operation, cannot realize all-weather monitoring and real-time discrimination and early warning, and particularly cannot meet the monitoring frequency requirement of the soft rock large deformation tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention is directed to a method for installing a laser scanner in a tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning process, which solves the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for installing a laser scanner in a tunnel automation monitoring and early warning process, comprising the following steps:
acquiring a predetermined marking position of the threaded steel hole for entering the rock;
rotating the hole according to the marked position, and fixing the rock-entering threaded steel in the formed hole;
fixing a laser scanner for carrying out automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning and a position adjusting device matched with the laser scanner on the entry deformed steel bar; the device comprises a rock entering deformed steel bar, a laser scanner lifting device and a position adjusting device, wherein the rock entering deformed steel bar is welded with the laser scanner lifting device which is used for fixing the laser scanner and fixing the position adjusting device; and laser scanner position adjustment device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device connects, makes laser scanner is in can carry out tilting and rotation about and on the laser scanner lifting device.
Optionally, if the tunnel is subjected to spot measurement, the method includes:
the vault sinking of the tunnel is monitored by enabling a laser measuring line of at least one laser scanner to be perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel by enabling the laser measuring line to face the vault position of the tunnel; the laser measuring points of at least one laser scanner are opposite to the horizontal position of the tunnel, so that the laser measuring lines are perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel and the axis of the tunnel, and the peripheral displacement of the tunnel is monitored;
and carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel according to the vault sinking and peripheral displacement.
Optionally, if the cross section of the tunnel is measured, the method includes:
adjusting the laser scanner to enable laser scanning points of laser measuring lines to be aligned to a certain measuring point position on a section, so that the included angle between the number of scanning points on a single section and the axis of the laser scanner and the axis of the tunnel is adjusted; collecting the section where the laser scanner is located and surrounding rock deformation data of adjacent sections;
and carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel according to the surrounding rock deformation data.
Optionally, the position adjusting device includes a "vertical adjustment" rotating shaft, a "horizontal movement" rotating disc, a "vertical adjustment" knob, and a laser scanner fixing device; wherein, laser scanner fixing device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device is connected.
Optionally, if the tunnel is subjected to spot measurement, after the first laser scanner is installed, adjusting a first "up-down adjustment" knob of the first laser scanner to keep the second laser scanner horizontal; then adjusting the first left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the second laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; finally, adjusting a first 'up-down adjustment' rotating shaft to enable a laser scanning point of the first laser scanner to be aligned with a vault measuring point of the tunnel, and monitoring vault sinking;
after the second laser scanner is installed, adjusting a second up-down adjusting knob of the second laser scanner to enable the second laser scanner to keep a horizontal position; then adjusting a second left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the second laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; and finally, adjusting a second vertical adjustment rotating shaft to enable the laser scanning point of the second laser scanner to be aligned to the horizontal position, and monitoring peripheral displacement.
Optionally, if the cross section of the tunnel is measured, after the third laser scanner is installed, a third "up-down adjustment" knob is adjusted first, so that the third laser scanner maintains a horizontal position; then adjusting a third left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the third laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; and finally, adjusting a third vertical adjustment device to enable the laser scanning point of the third laser scanner to be aligned to a certain measuring point position on the section, and monitoring the section where the third laser scanner is located and surrounding rock deformation data of the adjacent section.
As described above, the invention provides an installation method of a laser scanner in a tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning process, which has the following beneficial effects: obtaining a predetermined marking position of the threaded steel hole for entering the rock; rotating the hole according to the marked position, and fixing the rock-entering threaded steel in the formed hole; fixing a laser scanner for carrying out automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning and a position adjusting device matched with the laser scanner on the entry deformed steel bar; the device comprises a rock entering deformed steel bar, a laser scanner lifting device and a position adjusting device, wherein the rock entering deformed steel bar is welded with the laser scanner lifting device which is used for fixing the laser scanner and fixing the position adjusting device; and laser scanner position adjustment device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device connects, makes laser scanner is in can carry out tilting and rotation about and on the laser scanner lifting device. The laser scanner is arranged in the tunnel to collect tunnel intelligent monitoring data in real time, response time can be obtained in advance for tunnel geological disaster occurrence and engineering treatment, disaster accident loss is reduced to the maximum extent, safety of a construction tunnel and an operation tunnel is guaranteed, and the laser scanner has important engineering application value and great social and economic significance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating arrangement of tunnel automation monitoring and early warning points in point time measurement according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an arrangement of automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning points during point measurement according to an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural plan view of an automated tunnel monitoring and early warning system for spot measurement according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic side view of an automated tunnel monitoring and warning system for performing spot measurement according to an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating arrangement of tunnel automation monitoring and early warning points in a cross-sectional measurement according to an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating arrangement of automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning points during cross-sectional measurement according to an embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural plane view of an automated tunnel monitoring and early warning system for cross-sectional time measurement according to an embodiment;
fig. 8 is a schematic side view of an automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning system for performing cross-sectional measurement according to an embodiment.
Description of reference numerals: 1, measuring a first tunnel point; 2, measuring a peripheral displacement line of the first tunnel; 3, a first tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning system; 4, measuring a second tunnel point; 5, a second tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning system; 6 measuring the peripheral displacement of the second tunnel; 7 a first 'up-down adjustment' rotating shaft; 8 a first laser scanner; 9 a first monitoring system shield fixing bolt; 10 a first left-right moving turntable; 11 a first "up and down adjust" knob; 12 a first laser scanner fixture; 13 a first laser scanner lift; 14 a preformed hole for a first selected measurement parameter measuring line; 15 a first integrated tester; 16 a first monitoring system power supply; 17 a first shield; 18 a first bolt connector; 19 first rock-entering thread steel; 20, preparing a reserved hole for the first rock-entering threaded steel; 21 a first monitoring system data transmission device; 22 a second monitoring system shield fixing bolt; 23 a first bolt connector; 24 second rock-entering thread steel; 25 a first monitoring system power supply; 26 a preformed hole for a second selected measurement parameter measuring line; 27 a second shield; 28 first surrounding rock; 29 a second laser scanner; 30 second left-right movement turntable; 31 a second "adjust up and down" knob; 32 a second laser scanner fixture; 33 a second laser scanner lift; 34 a first movable guard;
100 a third tunnel measurement point; 200, a third tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning system; 300 a fourth tunnel measurement point; 400, a fourth tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning system; 500 third "adjust up and down" spindle; 600 a third laser scanner; 700 third monitoring system shield fixing bolt; 800 third right and left movement turntable; 900 third "adjust up and down" knob; 1000 third laser scanner lift; 1100 a second bolt connector; 1200 third rock-entering thread steel; 1300, a second reserved hole for rock-entering threaded steel; 1400 a preformed hole for a third selected measurement parameter line; 1500 second comprehensive tester; 1600 a second monitoring system data transmission device; 1700 third monitoring system protective cover; 1800 a second monitoring system power supply device; 1900 fourth monitoring system shield fixing bolt; 2000 second bolt connector; 2100 fourth entry thread steel; 2200 monitoring the system power supply; 2300, selecting a preformed hole for measuring a parameter line; 2400 a fourth monitoring system shield; 2500 second country rock; 2600 fourth laser scanner; 2700 fourth left-right movement of the turntable; 2800 a fourth "Up and Down" knob; 2900 fourth laser scanner fixing means; 3000 second movable guard plate.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a method for installing a laser scanner in a tunnel automation monitoring and early warning process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a predetermined marking position of the threaded steel hole for entering the rock;
rotating the hole according to the marked position, and fixing the rock-entering threaded steel in the formed hole;
fixing a laser scanner for carrying out automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning and a position adjusting device matched with the laser scanner on the entry deformed steel bar; the device comprises a rock entering deformed steel bar, a laser scanner lifting device and a position adjusting device, wherein the rock entering deformed steel bar is welded with the laser scanner lifting device which is used for fixing the laser scanner and fixing the position adjusting device; and laser scanner position adjustment device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device connects, makes laser scanner is in can carry out tilting and rotation about and on the laser scanner lifting device.
The laser scanner is arranged in the tunnel to collect tunnel intelligent monitoring data in real time, response time can be obtained in advance for tunnel geological disaster occurrence and engineering treatment, disaster accident loss is reduced to the maximum extent, safety of a construction tunnel and an operation tunnel is guaranteed, and the laser scanner has important engineering application value and great social and economic significance.
In an exemplary embodiment, if the tunnel is measured, the method includes:
the vault sinking of the tunnel is monitored by enabling a laser measuring line of at least one laser scanner to be perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel by enabling the laser measuring line to face the vault position of the tunnel; the laser measuring points of at least one laser scanner are opposite to the horizontal position of the tunnel, so that the laser measuring lines are perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel and the axis of the tunnel, and the peripheral displacement of the tunnel is monitored;
and carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel according to the vault sinking and peripheral displacement.
The position adjusting device comprises an up-down adjusting rotating shaft, a left-right moving turntable, an up-down adjusting knob and a laser scanner fixing device; wherein, laser scanner fixing device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device is connected.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, when the tunnel is spot-measured, after the first laser scanner is installed, the first "up-down adjustment" knob of the first laser scanner is adjusted to keep the second laser scanner horizontal; then adjusting the first left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the second laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; finally, adjusting a first 'up-down adjustment' rotating shaft to enable a laser scanning point of the first laser scanner to be aligned with a vault measuring point of the tunnel, and monitoring vault sinking;
after the second laser scanner is installed, adjusting a second up-down adjusting knob of the second laser scanner to enable the second laser scanner to keep a horizontal position; then adjusting a second left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the second laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; and finally, adjusting a second vertical adjustment rotating shaft to enable the laser scanning point of the second laser scanner to be aligned to the horizontal position, and monitoring peripheral displacement.
Based on the above description, a tunnel automation monitoring and early warning system is provided, specifically:
(1) according to the surrounding rock condition and the monitoring and measuring working scheme disclosed by the tunnel construction site, proper positions and set parameters are selected for arrangement of measuring points (a first tunnel measuring point 1 and a second tunnel measuring point 2). And carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel in the construction process, selecting and measuring parameters, carrying out the arrangement work of automatic monitoring measuring points before the primary support construction is finished, and carrying out the arrangement work of the automatic monitoring measuring points after the primary support construction is finished.
(2) When the field measuring points (the first tunnel measuring point 1 and the second tunnel measuring point 2) are arranged, monitoring protective covers (the first protective cover 17 and the second protective cover 27) are firstly installed, the monitoring protective covers can be processed and assembled by using wood boards, and 4 monitoring system protective cover fixing bolt holes, 1 reserved hole for selecting and measuring parameter measuring lines (the first reserved hole 14 for selecting and measuring parameter measuring lines, the second reserved hole 26 for selecting and measuring parameter measuring lines) and 2 first reserved holes 20 for entering rock threaded steel are reserved during processing. Before arranging the monitoring protective cover on the first surrounding rock body 28, the positions of all holes are marked by paint, and the first rock-entering threaded steel hole 20 and the fixed bolt hole which need to be drilled are drilled by drilling equipment. After the drilling is completed, the monitoring masks (the first mask 17 and the second mask 27) are mounted.
(3) The first movable protection plate 34 is arranged on the protection cover, the movable plate 34 can be made of a waterproof plate for a tunnel and fixed by iron nails, and the protection plate can be arranged to prevent the protection cover from being filled with concrete in the primary concrete spraying process to influence the use function of the monitoring protection cover; and after the primary concrete is sprayed, taking down the movable protection to install the monitoring equipment.
(4) The tunnel automation monitoring and early warning parameters which need to be measured include peripheral displacement and vault subsidence, and the two parameters can be completed by arranging two laser scanners (the first laser scanner 8 and the second laser scanner 29) at the side wall position of the tunnel.
In order to guarantee the accuracy and stability of tunnel peripheral displacement and vault subsidence data, tunnel laser scanning, and laser scanner's position adjustment device fix on going into rock screw steel (first income rock screw steel 19, the second goes into rock screw steel 24), make the data source that laser scanner monitored change from the displacement of surrounding rock, it has laser scanner lifting device (first laser scanner lifting device 13, the second laser scanner lifting device 33) to weld on going into rock screw steel, a position adjustment device for fixing laser scanner and laser scanner, connect through first bolted connection 18. The position adjusting device of the laser scanner comprises a rotating shaft for adjusting the laser scanner up and down, a rotating disc for moving the laser scanner left and right, a knob for adjusting the laser scanner up and down and a fixing device of the laser scanner. The 'up-down adjustment' rotating shaft of the laser scanner is used for adjusting the up-down rotation of the laser scanner, so that a laser measuring point can be adjusted to a horizontal position or a vault position; the laser scanner left-right moving turntable is used for adjusting the laser scanner to rotate left and right, so that a laser measuring line is perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel; the up-down adjusting knob of the laser scanner is used for adjusting the laser scanner to keep the laser scanner in a horizontal position; laser scanner fixing device passes through bolted connection ware and is connected with laser scanner lifting devices.
The method comprises the steps that a laser measuring point of a first laser scanner 8 faces the position of a vault and is used for monitoring the sinking of the vault, after the first laser scanner 8 is installed, a first up-and-down adjusting knob 11 is adjusted firstly to enable the first laser scanner to keep a horizontal position, then a first left-and-right moving rotary table 10 is adjusted to enable a laser measuring line to be perpendicular to the axis of a tunnel, and finally a first up-and-down adjusting rotary shaft 7 is adjusted to enable the laser scanning point to be aligned with the measuring point of the vault. The laser measuring points of the second laser scanner 29 face the horizontal position to monitor the peripheral displacement, after the second laser scanner 29 is installed, the second up-down adjusting knob 31 is adjusted to enable the laser scanner to keep the horizontal position, the second left-right moving rotary disc 30 is adjusted to enable the laser measuring lines to be perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel, and finally the laser scanner up-down adjusting rotary shaft is adjusted to enable the laser scanning points to be aligned with the horizontal position.
(5) The selected and measured parameters of the automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning comprise the internal force and external force of the anchor rod, the displacement in the surrounding rock body, the surrounding rock pressure, the axial force of the anchor rod under the pressure between two layers of supports, the support and the lining internal stress. The pre-burying of the selected parameter sensor is to connect the measuring point data line to the first comprehensive tester 15 through the reserved hole for the selected parameter measuring line (the first reserved hole 14 for the selected parameter measuring line and the first reserved hole 26 for the selected parameter measuring line) of the monitoring protective cover before the construction of the primary concrete and after the construction of the primary concrete is finished.
(6) The method further comprises the steps of respectively placing the monitoring system power supply device 25 and the monitoring system data transmission device at corresponding positions in the monitoring protective cover, and carrying out corresponding connection.
(7) Entering the system, and setting the data monitoring frequency. And adopting a single measurement mode, and automatically starting the laser scanning probe by the system according to the monitoring frequency set by the system when the set monitoring time is reached, transmitting laser and receiving laser beams to finish data acquisition of the necessary measurement parameters. Meanwhile, the system starts the comprehensive tester to complete the data acquisition of the selected testing parameters. And after the data acquisition work is finished, the data is automatically uploaded to the system through the data transmission device.
And for the necessary measurement parameters, if the actually measured peripheral displacement and vault subsidence displacement values are larger than the design reserved deformation or the displacement rate is larger than 1 mm/day specified by the specification, sending alarm information to the related responsible person in a short message pushing mode when one of the two values is met. And for the selected and measured parameters, if the ratio of the actually measured stress, strain and design allowable value is more than or equal to 0.8, automatically calculating, analyzing and judging through a program, and sending alarm information to related responsible persons in a short message pushing mode.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, in another exemplary embodiment, if the tunnel is measured in cross section, the method includes:
adjusting the laser scanner to enable laser scanning points of laser measuring lines to be aligned to a certain measuring point position on a section, so that the included angle between the number of scanning points on a single section and the axis of the laser scanner and the axis of the tunnel is adjusted; collecting the section where the laser scanner is located and surrounding rock deformation data of adjacent sections;
and carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel according to the surrounding rock deformation data.
The position adjusting device comprises an up-down adjusting rotating shaft, a left-right moving turntable, an up-down adjusting knob and a laser scanner fixing device; wherein, laser scanner fixing device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device is connected.
If the cross section of the tunnel is measured, after the third laser scanner is installed, a third up-down adjusting knob is adjusted to enable the third laser scanner to keep a horizontal position; then adjusting a third left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the third laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; and finally, adjusting a third vertical adjustment device to enable the laser scanning point of the third laser scanner to be aligned to a certain measuring point position on the section, and monitoring the section where the third laser scanner is located and surrounding rock deformation data of the adjacent section.
Based on the above description, a tunnel automation monitoring and early warning system is provided, specifically:
(1) according to the surrounding rock condition and the monitoring and measuring working scheme disclosed by the tunnel construction site, proper positions and set parameters are selected for arrangement of measuring points (a third tunnel measuring point 100 and a fourth tunnel measuring point 200). And carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel in the construction process, selecting and measuring parameters, carrying out the arrangement work of automatic monitoring measuring points before the primary support construction is finished, and carrying out the arrangement work of the automatic monitoring measuring points after the primary support construction is finished.
(2) When the field measuring points (the third tunnel measuring point 100 and the fourth tunnel measuring point 200) are arranged, monitoring protective covers (a third protective cover 1700 and a fourth protective cover 2400) are firstly installed, the monitoring protective covers can be processed and assembled by using wood boards, and 4 protective cover fixing bolt holes of a monitoring system, 1 preformed hole for selecting and measuring a parameter measuring line (a third preformed hole 1400 for selecting and measuring a parameter measuring line and a fourth preformed hole 2300 for selecting and measuring a parameter measuring line) and 2 preformed holes 1300 for second rock entering deformed steel bars are reserved during processing. Before the monitoring protective cover is arranged on the second surrounding rock 2500, the positions of all holes are marked by paint, and drilling equipment is used for drilling the positions of the second rock-entering threaded steel hole 1300 and the fixed bolt hole which need to be drilled. After the drilling is completed, the monitoring hoods (the third hood 1700 and the fourth hood 2400) are installed.
(3) The second movable protection plate 3000 is arranged on the protection cover, the movable plate 3000 can be made of a waterproof plate for a tunnel and is fixed by iron nails, and the protection cover 3000 is arranged to prevent the protection cover from being filled with concrete in the primary concrete spraying process to influence the use function of the monitoring protection cover; and after the primary concrete is sprayed, taking down the movable protection to install the monitoring equipment.
(4) The tunnel automation monitoring and early warning must survey the parameter and can arrange 1 laser scanner by tunnel side wall position, accomplish through the full section automatic scanning to each section.
In order to guarantee the accuracy and stability of tunnel peripheral displacement and vault subsidence data, tunnel laser scanner and laser scanner's position adjustment device are fixed on going into rock screw steel (third go into rock screw steel 1100, fourth go into rock screw steel 2100), make the data source that laser scanner monitored change from the displacement of surrounding rock, it has laser scanner lifting device (third laser scanner lifting device 1000) to weld on going into rock screw steel, a position adjustment device who is used for fixing laser scanner (third laser scanner 600, fourth laser scanner 2600) and laser scanner, connect through second bolted connection 2000. The position adjusting device of the laser scanner comprises a rotating shaft for adjusting the laser scanner up and down, a rotating disc for moving the laser scanner left and right, a knob for adjusting the laser scanner up and down and a fixing device of the laser scanner. The 'up-down adjustment' rotating shaft of the laser scanner is used for adjusting the up-down rotation of the laser scanner, so that a laser measuring point can be adjusted to a horizontal position or a vault position; the laser scanner left-right moving turntable is used for adjusting the laser scanner to rotate left and right, so that a laser measuring line is perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel; the up-down adjusting knob of the laser scanner is used for adjusting the laser scanner to keep the laser scanner in a horizontal position; laser scanner fixing device passes through bolted connection ware and is connected with laser scanner lifting devices.
After the third laser scanner 600 is installed, the third up-down adjustment knob 900 is adjusted to keep the third laser scanner 600 at a horizontal position, the third left-right movement turntable 800 is adjusted to make the laser measuring line perpendicular to the tunnel axis, and finally the third up-down adjustment rotating shaft 500 is adjusted to make the laser scanning point align at a measuring point on the cross section. Meanwhile, after the fourth laser scanner 2600 is installed, the fourth up-down adjusting knob 2800 is adjusted to keep the fourth laser scanner 2600 at a horizontal position, the fourth left-right moving turntable 2700 is adjusted to enable a laser measuring line to be perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel, and finally the fourth up-down adjusting rotating shaft is adjusted to enable a laser scanning point to be aligned with a certain measuring point on the cross section. A laser scanner measurement station, through the scanning point number of adjustment on single section and the contained angle of laser scanner and tunnel axis, not only can accomplish the sectional country rock deformation data of laser scanner position, can also accomplish the adjacent a plurality of sectional country rock deformation data of laser scanner.
(5) The selected and measured parameters of the automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning comprise the internal force and external force of the anchor rod, the displacement in the surrounding rock body, the surrounding rock pressure, the axial force of the anchor rod under the pressure between two layers of supports, the support and the lining internal stress. The pre-burying of the selected parameter sensor is to connect the measured point data line to the second comprehensive tester 1500 through the reserved holes for the selected parameter measuring line of the monitoring protective cover (the reserved hole 1300 for the third selected parameter measuring line and the reserved hole 2300 for the fourth selected parameter measuring line) before the construction of the primary concrete and after the construction of the primary concrete is finished.
(6) The monitoring system power supply device 2200 and the monitoring system data transmission device are respectively placed at corresponding positions in the monitoring protective cover and correspondingly connected.
(7) Entering the system, and setting the data monitoring frequency. And adopting a single measurement mode, and automatically starting the laser scanning probe by the system according to the monitoring frequency set by the system when the set monitoring time is reached, transmitting laser and receiving laser beams to finish the data acquisition of the surrounding rock deformation data. Meanwhile, the system starts the comprehensive tester to complete the data acquisition of the selected testing parameters. And after the data acquisition work is finished, the data is automatically uploaded to the system through the data transmission device.
And for the surrounding rock deformation data, if the displacement value of each actually measured surrounding rock deformation data of each point on the current moment section is larger than the reserved deformation or the displacement rate is larger than 1 mm/day specified by the specification, sending alarm information to the related responsible person in a short message pushing mode when one of the displacement value and the reserved deformation or the displacement rate is satisfied. And for the selected and measured parameters, if the ratio of the actually measured stress, strain and design allowable value is more than or equal to 0.8, automatically calculating, analyzing and judging through a program, and sending alarm information to related responsible persons in a short message pushing mode.
The invention provides a method for installing a laser scanner in the process of automatic monitoring and early warning of a tunnel, which comprises the steps of obtaining the mark position of a predetermined rock-entering deformed steel bar preformed hole; rotating the hole according to the marked position, and fixing the rock-entering threaded steel in the formed hole; fixing a laser scanner for carrying out automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning and a position adjusting device matched with the laser scanner on the entry deformed steel bar; the device comprises a rock entering deformed steel bar, a laser scanner lifting device and a position adjusting device, wherein the rock entering deformed steel bar is welded with the laser scanner lifting device which is used for fixing the laser scanner and fixing the position adjusting device; and laser scanner position adjustment device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device connects, makes laser scanner is in can carry out tilting and rotation about and on the laser scanner lifting device. The laser scanner is arranged in the tunnel to collect tunnel intelligent monitoring data in real time, response time can be obtained in advance for tunnel geological disaster occurrence and engineering treatment, disaster accident loss is reduced to the maximum extent, safety of a construction tunnel and an operation tunnel is guaranteed, and the laser scanner has important engineering application value and great social and economic significance.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for installing a laser scanner in a tunnel automatic monitoring and early warning process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a predetermined marking position of the threaded steel hole for entering the rock;
rotating the hole according to the marked position, and fixing the rock-entering threaded steel in the formed hole;
fixing a laser scanner for carrying out automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning and a position adjusting device matched with the laser scanner on the entry deformed steel bar; the device comprises a rock entering deformed steel bar, a laser scanner lifting device and a position adjusting device, wherein the rock entering deformed steel bar is welded with the laser scanner lifting device which is used for fixing the laser scanner and fixing the position adjusting device; and laser scanner position adjustment device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device connects, makes laser scanner is in can carry out tilting and rotation about and on the laser scanner lifting device.
2. The method for installing the laser scanner in the automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning process according to claim 1, wherein if the tunnel is subjected to spot measurement, the method comprises the following steps:
the vault sinking of the tunnel is monitored by enabling a laser measuring line of at least one laser scanner to be perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel by enabling the laser measuring line to face the vault position of the tunnel; the laser measuring points of at least one laser scanner are opposite to the horizontal position of the tunnel, so that the laser measuring lines are perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel and the axis of the tunnel, and the peripheral displacement of the tunnel is monitored;
and carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel according to the vault sinking and peripheral displacement.
3. The method for installing the laser scanner in the automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning process according to claim 1, wherein if the cross section of the tunnel is measured, the method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the laser scanner to enable laser scanning points of laser measuring lines to be aligned to a certain measuring point position on a section, so that the included angle between the number of scanning points on a single section and the axis of the laser scanner and the axis of the tunnel is adjusted; collecting the section where the laser scanner is located and surrounding rock deformation data of adjacent sections;
and carrying out automatic monitoring and early warning on the tunnel according to the surrounding rock deformation data.
4. The method for installing the laser scanner in the automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the position adjusting device comprises an up-down adjusting rotating shaft, a left-right moving turntable, an up-down adjusting knob and a laser scanner fixing device; wherein, laser scanner fixing device pass through bolted connection ware with laser scanner lifting device is connected.
5. The method for installing the laser scanner in the automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning process as claimed in claim 4, wherein if the tunnel is spot-measured, after the first laser scanner is installed, the first up-down adjustment knob of the first laser scanner is adjusted to keep the second laser scanner horizontal; then adjusting the first left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the second laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; finally, adjusting a first 'up-down adjustment' rotating shaft to enable a laser scanning point of the first laser scanner to be aligned with a vault measuring point of the tunnel, and monitoring vault sinking;
after the second laser scanner is installed, adjusting a second up-down adjusting knob of the second laser scanner to enable the second laser scanner to keep a horizontal position; then adjusting a second left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the second laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; and finally, adjusting a second vertical adjustment rotating shaft to enable the laser scanning point of the second laser scanner to be aligned to the horizontal position, and monitoring peripheral displacement.
6. The method for installing the laser scanner in the automatic tunnel monitoring and early warning process as claimed in claim 4, wherein if the cross section of the tunnel is measured, after the third laser scanner is installed, a third up-down adjusting knob is adjusted to keep the third laser scanner horizontal; then adjusting a third left-right moving turntable to enable the laser measuring line of the third laser scanner to be vertical to the axis of the tunnel; and finally, adjusting a third vertical adjustment device to enable the laser scanning point of the third laser scanner to be aligned to a certain measuring point position on the section, and monitoring the section where the third laser scanner is located and surrounding rock deformation data of the adjacent section.
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