CN111961260A - Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111961260A CN111961260A CN202010886719.5A CN202010886719A CN111961260A CN 111961260 A CN111961260 A CN 111961260A CN 202010886719 A CN202010886719 A CN 202010886719A CN 111961260 A CN111961260 A CN 111961260A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- plant fiber
- parts
- modifier
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
- C08B31/02—Esters
- C08B31/04—Esters of organic acids, e.g. alkenyl-succinated starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
- C08B31/18—Oxidised starch
- C08B31/185—Derivatives of oxidised starch, e.g. crosslinked oxidised starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
- D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/05—Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2303/04—Starch derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composition, a plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composition comprises the following components: 30-60 parts of plant fiber, 30-60 parts of lignin fiber, 50-100 parts of starch, 3-6 parts of plant fiber modifier A, 2-4 parts of plant fiber modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier A, 2-4 parts of starch modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier C, 5-6 parts of foaming agent, 50-55 parts of filler, 1-2 parts of release agent and 400 parts of water 300 and other materials; the plant fiber modifier A is urea; the plant fiber modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier A is glycerol; the starch modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier C is n-butyl acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate. By modifying the plant fiber, the good compatibility of the plant fiber and the starch is realized, and the bonding strength of the plant fiber and the starch is improved; through the cross modification treatment of the starch, the toughness of the starch is improved, and the mechanical property of the prepared plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of green environment-friendly application materials, and particularly relates to a formula of a plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The plastic products provide convenience for human life, but the plastic products are not biodegradable, and the use of a large number of plastic products brings serious harm to the environment. Alternatives to plastic materials are being sought worldwide in order to limit or reduce the use of plastics.
At present, materials capable of replacing plastics comprise biodegradable synthetic high-molecular polymers such as PLA, PHA, PBS, PBAT and the like, but the inventors find that the biodegradable synthetic high-molecular polymers have the problems of complex preparation process, high material production cost, long biodegradation period and the like. In addition, plant fiber/starch-based biomass composite materials have also been widely proposed, but these composite materials have high moisture content and high viscosity, and it is difficult to prepare biomass composite materials having a complicated shape, and the water resistance of the materials is insufficient, and the material performance after water absorption is drastically reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a formula of a plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material prepared by using the plant fiber and the lignin fiber as main raw materials, the modified starch as a binder, the eggshell powder and the like as fillers and other modifiers as auxiliary preparations has the advantages of low cost, high degradation speed, good water resistance, light weight and the like.
To solve the above technical problem, one or more of the following embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a composition, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-60 parts of plant fiber, 30-60 parts of lignin fiber, 50-100 parts of starch, 3-6 parts of plant fiber modifier A, 2-4 parts of plant fiber modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier A, 2-4 parts of starch modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier C, 5-6 parts of foaming agent, 50-55 parts of filler, 1-2 parts of release agent and 400 parts of water 300 and other materials;
the plant fiber modifier A is urea; the plant fiber modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier A is glycerol; the starch modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier C is n-butyl acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.
In a second aspect, a method for preparing a plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is provided, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out high-temperature steam explosion, crushing, hydrogen peroxide soaking and urea solution soaking on the plant fiber to obtain modified plant fiber;
gelatinizing, oxidizing, plasticizing and esterifying the starch to obtain plastic-oxygen ester cross modified starch;
adding a foaming agent into the cross-modified starch, stirring, then adding a filler, uniformly mixing, finally adding a release agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry;
and mixing the pulp with the lignin fiber and the modified plant fiber, and carrying out compression molding.
In a third aspect, the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material with an open cell structure prepared by the preparation method of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is provided.
In a fourth aspect, the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material with the open cell structure is provided for application in industrial packaging and disposable tableware.
Compared with the prior art, one or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
by modifying the plant fiber, the good compatibility of the plant fiber and the starch is realized, and the bonding strength of the plant fiber and the starch is improved; through the cross modification treatment of the starch, the toughness of the starch is improved, and the mechanical property of the prepared plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is improved.
The rheological property of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is improved by adding the lignin greatly, the preparation of products with complex structures is facilitated, and meanwhile, the water resistance of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material products is improved due to the fact that the lignin fiber contains the waterproof aromatic functional groups.
A large number of open type cell units are uniformly distributed in the material, so that the material is light, the material consumption of products is reduced, the material cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the cell structure is favorable for improving the performances of heat insulation, buffering and the like.
In the preparation method of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material, the cost of raw materials is low, no chemical polymerization reaction is carried out, no non-degradable high polymer material is added, no acid and alkali pollutant is discharged in the preparation process, and the product can be biodegraded in a natural environment in a short time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is an appearance view of a product prepared in example 1;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the product prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composition, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-60 parts of plant fiber, 30-60 parts of lignin fiber, 50-100 parts of starch, 3-6 parts of plant fiber modifier A, 2-4 parts of plant fiber modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier A, 2-4 parts of starch modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier C, 5-6 parts of foaming agent, 50-55 parts of filler, 1-2 parts of release agent and 400 parts of water 300 and other materials;
the plant fiber modifier A is urea; the plant fiber modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier A is glycerol; the starch modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier C is n-butyl acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.
In some embodiments, the plant fiber is sisal, wheat straw, corn straw, or rice straw fiber. The plant fiber has high yield, easy obtaining and low cost.
In some embodiments, the starch is tapioca starch or corn starch.
In some embodiments, the blowing agent is azodicarbonamide or sodium bicarbonate.
In some embodiments, the filler is ground eggshell or talc.
In some embodiments, the release agent is stearic acid.
In a second aspect, a method for preparing a plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is provided, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out high-temperature steam explosion, crushing, hydrogen peroxide soaking and urea solution soaking on the plant fiber to obtain modified plant fiber;
gelatinizing, oxidizing, plasticizing and esterifying the starch to obtain plastic-oxygen ester cross modified starch;
adding a foaming agent into the cross-modified starch, stirring, then adding a filler, uniformly mixing, finally adding a release agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry;
and mixing the pulp with the lignin fiber and the modified plant fiber, and carrying out compression molding.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the high-temperature steam explosion treatment of the plant fiber is 120-125 ℃, the pressure is 220-250Kpa, and the holding time is 15-20 min.
Further, the instant explosion time of the high-temperature steam explosion treatment of the plant fibers is 0.1 second.
Further, the plant fiber after steam explosion is cleaned for 2-4 times by clear water.
In some embodiments, the length of the comminuted plant fiber is 2-5 mm. Too long plant fibers can affect the rheological property of the material in the forming process, and the complete product is difficult to prepare; too short plant fibers can affect the mechanical properties of the biomass product, and the reinforcing effect is weakened.
In some embodiments, the plant fibers are soaked in the hydrogen peroxide solution for a period of 20-30min, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution being 10-12 wt%.
In some embodiments, the urea solution has a concentration of 6 to 8 wt% and the temperature of the urea solution is-10 ℃ to-8 ℃.
Further, the soaking time of the plant fiber in the urea solution is 20-30 min.
In some embodiments, the starch has a gelatinization temperature of 75-85 ℃ and a gelatinization time of 20-30 min.
In some embodiments, the oxidizing agent that oxidizes starch is hydrogen peroxide.
Furthermore, the temperature for oxidizing the starch is 20-25 ℃, and the oxidizing time is 30-45 min.
In some embodiments, the starch is plasticized at a temperature of 75-85 ℃ for 10-15min and the plasticizer is glycerol or ethylene glycol.
In some embodiments, the esterifying agent that esterifies the starch is n-butyl acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the system is maintained at 75-85 ℃ during the addition of the foaming agent, filler, and release agent to the cross-modified starch.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the upper mold and the lower mold for compression molding is 190-205 ℃, and the pressure after mold closing is 6-8 MPa.
Furthermore, in the molding process, the heating time of the mold is 60-90 s. So as to avoid the phenomenon that the mold is reopened to spray the slurry due to the overlarge air pressure in the slurry foaming process.
In a third aspect, the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material with an open cell structure prepared by the preparation method of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is provided.
In a fourth aspect, the application of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material with the open cell structure in industrial packaging materials and disposable tableware is provided.
Example 1
The preparation method of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting sisal fibers to carry out high-temperature steam explosion treatment, wherein the high-temperature is 125 ℃, the air pressure is 225KPa, the holding time is 18 minutes, the instant explosion time is 0.1 second, cleaning the steam exploded plant fibers for 3 times by using clear water, and drying for later use. 30g of the sisal fibers subjected to the blasting treatment are weighed according to the weight, the sisal fibers with the diameter of 2.5mm are obtained through mechanical crushing treatment, and then the plant fibers are soaked in hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes, wherein the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 5 wt%, and the mass of a hydrogen peroxide solution is 50 g. And then dissolving urea at the low temperature of-10 ℃, wherein the concentration of the urea solution is 8 wt%, the mass of the urea solution is 50g, and soaking the plant fiber subjected to hydrogen oxide treatment in the low-temperature urea solution for 25 minutes to obtain the modified sisal fiber.
2) Weighing 50g of cassava starch, putting the starch into 200g of water for gelatinization at 85 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature of 25 ℃ after gelatinization for 30 minutes, adding 10g (with the concentration of 10 wt%) of oxidant hydrogen peroxide, and uniformly stirring for 40 minutes; then, heating to 85 ℃ again, adding 4g of plasticizer glycerol, and rapidly stirring for plasticizing for 15 minutes; then keeping the temperature unchanged, adding 5g of n-butyl acetate serving as an esterifying agent, and uniformly stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the cross-modified starch.
3) Adding 1g of azodicarbonamide serving as a foaming agent into the cross-modified starch prepared in the step 2), uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 25g of talcum powder serving as a filler, uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 5g of stearic acid serving as a release agent, and uniformly stirring for 10 minutes, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the temperature of 75-85 ℃.
4) Weighing 30g of lignin fiber and 30g of modified plant fiber according to the weight, adding the lignin fiber and the modified plant fiber into the slurry obtained in the step 3), and stirring for 30 minutes to fully combine the components and keep the uniformity of the slurry, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the normal temperature of 20-25 ℃.
5) And (3) placing the mixed slurry in the step 4) into a mold, setting the temperature of an upper mold to be 200 ℃, the stability of a lower mold to be 200 ℃, keeping the pressure to be 6MPa after mold closing, avoiding the phenomenon that the mold is opened and sprayed due to overlarge air pressure in the slurry foaming process, and heating for 60 s.
6) And opening the upper die and the lower die, demolding and taking out the product.
The appearance of the obtained product is shown in fig. 1, and its partial enlarged view is shown in fig. 2.
The tensile strength of the product is 4.17MPa, which is stronger than that of corrugated paper (2.2MPa), polyethylene foam EPE material (0.34MPa) and polystyrene foam EPS (0.15 MPa); the compression strength is 5.32Mpa, which is higher than corrugated board (0.57Mpa), polyethylene foam EPE material (0.31Mpa) and polystyrene foam EPS (0.45 Mpa).
The product has a degradation rate of more than 70% in soil in natural environment within 30 days, and is substantially completely degraded within 40 days.
Compared with the pure starch/plant fiber base material, the water resistance of the lignin containing water-repellent group is obviously improved.
Example 2
The preparation method of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting wheat straw fibers to carry out high-temperature steam explosion treatment, keeping the high-temperature at 120 ℃, keeping the air pressure at 220KPa for 20 minutes, keeping the instant explosion time at 0.1 second, cleaning the steamed and exploded plant fibers for 3 times by using clear water, and drying for later use. Weighing 30g of wheat straw fiber subjected to blasting treatment according to the weight, mechanically crushing the wheat straw fiber to obtain 2mm of fiber, and soaking the plant fiber in hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes, wherein the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 5 wt%, and the mass of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 50 g. And then dissolving urea at the low temperature of-10 ℃, wherein the concentration of the urea solution is 8 wt%, the mass of the urea solution is 50g, and soaking the plant fiber subjected to hydrogen oxide treatment in the low-temperature urea solution for 25 minutes to obtain the modified sisal fiber.
2) Weighing 80g of cassava starch, putting the starch into 320g of water for gelatinization at 85 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature of 25 ℃ after gelatinization for 30 minutes, adding 10g (with the concentration of 10 wt%) of oxidant hydrogen peroxide, and uniformly stirring for 40 minutes; then, heating to 85 ℃ again, adding 4g of plasticizer glycerol, and rapidly stirring for plasticizing for 15 minutes; then keeping the temperature unchanged, adding 6g of esterifying agent propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and uniformly stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the cross-modified starch.
3) And (3) adding 1g of azodicarbonamide serving as a foaming agent into the cross-modified starch prepared in the step (2), uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 25g of talcum powder serving as a filler, uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 5g of stearic acid serving as a release agent, and uniformly stirring for 10 minutes, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the temperature of 75-85 ℃.
4) Weighing 30g of lignin fiber and 30g of modified plant fiber according to the weight, adding the lignin fiber and the modified plant fiber into the slurry obtained in the step (3), stirring for 30 minutes to fully combine the components and keep the uniformity of the slurry, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the normal temperature of 20-25 ℃.
5) And (3) placing the mixed slurry in the step 4) into a mold, setting the temperature of an upper mold to be 200 ℃, the stability of a lower mold to be 200 ℃, keeping the pressure of the mold after closing to be 6MPa, avoiding the phenomenon that the mold is opened and sprayed due to overlarge air pressure in the slurry foaming process, and heating for 90 s.
6) And opening the upper die and the lower die, demolding and taking out the product.
The tensile strength of the product is 4.11 MPa; its compressive strength is 5.28 MPa.
The product has a degradation rate of more than 70% in soil in natural environment within 30 days, and is substantially completely degraded within 40 days.
Example 3
The preparation method of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting rice straw fiber to carry out high-temperature steam explosion treatment, keeping the high-temperature at 120 ℃, keeping the air pressure at 220KPa for 20 minutes, keeping the instant explosion time at 0.1 second, cleaning the exploded plant fiber by clear water for 3 times, and drying for later use. Weighing 30g of the blast-treated straw stalk fiber according to the weight, carrying out mechanical crushing treatment to obtain 2mm fiber, and then soaking the plant fiber with hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes, wherein the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 5 wt%, and the mass of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 50 g. Then dissolving urea at the low temperature of-10 ℃, wherein the concentration of the urea solution is 8 wt%, the mass of the urea solution is 50g, and soaking the plant fiber after the hydrogen oxide treatment in the low-temperature urea solution for 25 minutes to obtain the modified straw fiber.
2) Weighing 100g of corn starch, putting the starch into 400g of water for gelatinization at 85 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature of 25 ℃ after gelatinization for 30 minutes, adding 10g (with the concentration of 10 wt%) of oxidant hydrogen peroxide, and uniformly stirring for 40 minutes; then, heating to 85 ℃ again, adding 4g of plasticizer glycerol, and rapidly stirring for plasticizing for 15 minutes; then keeping the temperature unchanged, adding 5g of n-butyl acetate serving as an esterifying agent, and uniformly stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the cross-modified starch.
3) Adding 1g of azodicarbonamide serving as a foaming agent into the cross-modified starch prepared in the step 2), uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 25g of talcum powder serving as a filler, uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 5g of stearic acid serving as a release agent, and uniformly stirring for 10 minutes, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the temperature of 75-85 ℃.
4) Weighing 30g of lignin fiber and 30g of modified plant fiber according to the weight, adding the lignin fiber and the modified plant fiber into the slurry obtained in the step 3), and stirring for 30 minutes to fully combine the components and keep the uniformity of the slurry, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the normal temperature of 20-25 ℃.
5) And (3) placing the mixed slurry in the step 4) into a mold, setting the temperature of an upper mold to be 200 ℃, the stability of a lower mold to be 200 ℃, keeping the pressure of the mold after closing to be 6MPa, avoiding the phenomenon that the mold is opened and sprayed due to overlarge air pressure in the slurry foaming process, and heating for 90 s.
6) And opening the upper die and the lower die, demolding and taking out the product.
The tensile strength of the product is 4.04 MPa; its compressive strength is 5.14 MPa.
The product has a degradation rate of more than 70% in soil in natural environment within 30 days, and is substantially completely degraded within 40 days.
Example 4
The preparation method of the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material product comprises the following steps:
1) selecting corn stalk fiber to carry out high-temperature steam explosion treatment, keeping the high-temperature at 120 ℃, keeping the air pressure at 220KPa for 20 minutes, keeping the instant explosion time at 0.1 second, cleaning the exploded plant fiber for 3 times by using clear water, and drying for later use. Weighing 30g of the corn straw fiber after blasting treatment according to the weight, mechanically crushing to obtain 2mm fiber, and soaking the plant fiber with hydrogen peroxide for 30 minutes, wherein the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 5 wt%, and the mass of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 50 g. And then dissolving urea at the low temperature of-10 ℃, wherein the concentration of the urea solution is 8 wt%, the mass of the urea solution is 50g, and soaking the plant fiber subjected to hydrogen oxide treatment in the low-temperature urea solution for 25 minutes to obtain the modified corn straw fiber.
2) Weighing 100g of corn starch, putting the starch into 400g of water for gelatinization at 85 ℃, cooling to the normal temperature of 25 ℃ after gelatinization for 30 minutes, adding 10g (with the concentration of 10 wt%) of oxidant hydrogen peroxide, and uniformly stirring for 40 minutes; then, heating to 85 ℃ again, adding 4g of plasticizer glycerol, and rapidly stirring for plasticizing for 15 minutes; then keeping the temperature unchanged, adding 6g of esterifying agent propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and uniformly stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the cross-modified starch.
3) Adding 1g of azodicarbonamide serving as a foaming agent into the cross-modified starch prepared in the step 2), uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 25g of talcum powder serving as a filler, uniformly stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 5g of stearic acid serving as a release agent, and uniformly stirring for 10 minutes, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the temperature of 75-85 ℃.
4) Weighing 30g of lignin fiber and 30g of modified plant fiber according to the weight, adding the lignin fiber and the modified plant fiber into the slurry obtained in the step 3), and stirring for 30 minutes to fully combine the components and keep the uniformity of the slurry, wherein the step needs to be carried out at the normal temperature of 20-25 ℃.
5) And (3) placing the mixed slurry in the step 4) into a mold, setting the temperature of an upper mold to be 200 ℃, the stability of a lower mold to be 200 ℃, keeping the pressure of the mold after closing to be 6MPa, avoiding the phenomenon that the mold is opened and sprayed due to overlarge air pressure in the slurry foaming process, and heating for 90 s.
6) And opening the upper die and the lower die, demolding and taking out the product.
The tensile strength of the product is 4.15 MPa; its compressive strength is 5.32 MPa.
The product has a degradation rate of more than 70% in soil in natural environment within 30 days, and is substantially completely degraded within 40 days.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composition characterized by: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-60 parts of plant fiber, 30-60 parts of lignin fiber, 50-100 parts of starch, 3-6 parts of plant fiber modifier A, 2-4 parts of plant fiber modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier A, 2-4 parts of starch modifier B, 4-8 parts of starch modifier C, 5-6 parts of foaming agent, 50-55 parts of filler, 1-2 parts of release agent and 400 parts of water 300 and other materials;
the plant fiber modifier A is urea; the plant fiber modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier A is glycerol; the starch modifier B is hydrogen peroxide; the starch modifier C is n-butyl acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein: the plant fiber is sisal fiber, wheat straw fiber, corn straw fiber or rice straw fiber; the plant fiber has high yield, easy obtaining and low cost.
Further, the starch is cassava starch or corn starch;
further, the foaming agent is azodicarbonamide or sodium bicarbonate;
further, the filler is egg shell powder or talcum powder;
further, the release agent is stearic acid.
3. A preparation method of a plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
carrying out high-temperature steam explosion, crushing, hydrogen peroxide soaking and urea solution soaking on the plant fiber to obtain modified plant fiber;
gelatinizing, oxidizing, plasticizing and esterifying starch to obtain cross-modified starch;
adding a foaming agent into the cross-modified starch, stirring, then adding a filler, uniformly mixing, finally adding a release agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry;
and mixing the pulp with the lignin fiber and the modified plant fiber, and carrying out compression molding.
4. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the temperature of the high-temperature steam explosion treatment of the plant fiber is 120-125 ℃, the pressure is 220-250Kpa, and the holding time is 15-20 min;
further, the instant explosion time of the high-temperature steam explosion treatment of the plant fibers is 0.1 second;
further, the plant fiber after steam explosion is cleaned for 2-4 times by clear water.
5. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the length of the crushed plant fiber is 2-5 mm; too long plant fibers can affect the rheological property of the material in the forming process, and the complete product is difficult to prepare; too short plant fibers can affect the mechanical properties of the biomass product, and the reinforcing effect is weakened.
Furthermore, the plant fiber is soaked in the hydrogen peroxide solution for 20-30min, and the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 10-12 wt%.
6. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the concentration of the urea solution is 6-8 wt%, and the temperature of the urea solution is-10 ℃ to-8 ℃;
further, the soaking time of the plant fiber in the urea solution is 20-30 min.
7. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: gelatinizing starch at 75-85 deg.C for 20-30 min;
further, the oxidant for oxidizing the starch is hydrogen peroxide;
further, the temperature for oxidizing the starch is 20-25 ℃, and the oxidizing time is 30-45 min;
further, plasticizing starch at 75-85 deg.C for 10-15min, wherein the plasticizer is glycerol or ethylene glycol;
further, the esterifying agent for esterifying the starch is n-butyl acetate or propylene glycol methyl ether acetate;
furthermore, in the process of adding a foaming agent, a filler and a release agent into the cross-modified starch, the temperature of the system is kept between 75 and 85 ℃.
8. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the temperature of the upper die and the lower die for compression molding is 190-205 ℃, and the pressure after die assembly is 6-8 MPa;
furthermore, in the molding process, the heating time of the mold is 60-90 s.
9. The plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material with an open cell structure prepared by the method for preparing the plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material according to any one of claims 3 to 8.
10. Use of the open cell structured plant fiber/lignin/starch composite of claim 9 in industrial packaging materials or disposable tableware.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010886719.5A CN111961260A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010886719.5A CN111961260A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111961260A true CN111961260A (en) | 2020-11-20 |
Family
ID=73399805
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010886719.5A Pending CN111961260A (en) | 2020-08-28 | 2020-08-28 | Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111961260A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114712060A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 和医世德(佛山)科技有限公司 | Chinese fir fiber bionic traditional Chinese medicine bonesetting splint and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115044222A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-09-13 | 广州至简通用设备制造有限公司 | Bio-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115724670A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-03 | 广州至简通用设备制造有限公司 | Gelatinized polymeric refractory material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115807354A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-17 | 湖南工业大学 | Efficient treatment mode for plant fiber and preparation process of molding material of efficient treatment mode |
| CN116479676A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-07-25 | 重庆植本环保科技有限公司 | Plant fiber material and preparation process thereof |
| CN117800637A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-02 | 浙江五龙新材股份有限公司 | Polycarboxylic acid pumping aid and preparation process thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101230144A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2008-07-30 | 刘俊松 | All-natural moisture-retention dust-proof insulation weeding multifunctional environmental material |
| CN101775225A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-14 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | Foaming body and production method thereof and buffer material comprising foaming body |
| TW201200551A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-01 | Tri Can Co Ltd | Production method of foam material containing plant fiber and plant powder |
| CN105542500A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-04 | 苏州法斯特信息科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly foamed buffer material and preparation method thereof |
| US20170190861A1 (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-06 | Sing Pong International Co., Ltd. | Material Composition for Making Exercise Mat and Manufacturing Method of Exercise Mat |
| CN107556773A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-09 | 河海大学 | A kind of degradable biological base foamed damping material and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-08-28 CN CN202010886719.5A patent/CN111961260A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101230144A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2008-07-30 | 刘俊松 | All-natural moisture-retention dust-proof insulation weeding multifunctional environmental material |
| CN101775225A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-14 | 纬创资通股份有限公司 | Foaming body and production method thereof and buffer material comprising foaming body |
| TW201200551A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-01-01 | Tri Can Co Ltd | Production method of foam material containing plant fiber and plant powder |
| US20170190861A1 (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-06 | Sing Pong International Co., Ltd. | Material Composition for Making Exercise Mat and Manufacturing Method of Exercise Mat |
| CN105542500A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-04 | 苏州法斯特信息科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly foamed buffer material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107556773A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-09 | 河海大学 | A kind of degradable biological base foamed damping material and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ZHANG, CHUAN-WEI ET AL: "Novel treatments for compatibility of plant fiber and starch by forming new hydrogen bonds", 《JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION》 * |
| ZHANG, CHUAN-WEI ET AL: "Thermally stable, enhanced water barrier, high strength starch bio-composite reinforced with lignin containing cellulose nanofibrils", 《CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115724670A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-03-03 | 广州至简通用设备制造有限公司 | Gelatinized polymeric refractory material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114712060A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-07-08 | 和医世德(佛山)科技有限公司 | Chinese fir fiber bionic traditional Chinese medicine bonesetting splint and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115044222A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-09-13 | 广州至简通用设备制造有限公司 | Bio-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115807354A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-17 | 湖南工业大学 | Efficient treatment mode for plant fiber and preparation process of molding material of efficient treatment mode |
| CN115807354B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-12-08 | 湖南工业大学 | Efficient treatment mode of plant fibers and preparation process of molded material of efficient treatment mode |
| CN116479676A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-07-25 | 重庆植本环保科技有限公司 | Plant fiber material and preparation process thereof |
| CN117800637A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-02 | 浙江五龙新材股份有限公司 | Polycarboxylic acid pumping aid and preparation process thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111961260A (en) | Formula of plant fiber/lignin/starch composite material and preparation method thereof | |
| EP2424937B1 (en) | Algae-blended compositions for thermoplastic articles | |
| JP4718760B2 (en) | Biodegradable or compostable containers | |
| US5288318A (en) | Cellulose acetate and starch based biodegradable injection molded plastics compositions and methods of manufacture | |
| EP1075188B1 (en) | Biodegradable protein/starch-based thermoplastic composition | |
| US5869647A (en) | Method of preparing biodegradable modified-starch moldable products and films | |
| JPH09500923A (en) | Biodegradable reinforced polymer | |
| EP1040127B1 (en) | Biodegradable mouldings | |
| CN107254095A (en) | Degradable Novel environment-friendlymaterial material of a kind of high mechanical strength and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107474570A (en) | A kind of degradable disponsable tableware and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107828195A (en) | A kind of PLA/bamboo powder/starch biological base alloy material and preparation method thereof entirely | |
| CN105713409B (en) | A kind of degradable cellulose foam material and preparation method thereof | |
| US7148272B2 (en) | Biodegradable material based on polymer and cereal flour, method for making same and uses | |
| CN117897450A (en) | Biodegradable polymer-based biocomposite material | |
| CN111690177A (en) | Preparation method of starch foaming disposable tableware and packaging product | |
| Willett | Starch in polymer compositions | |
| KR20020048353A (en) | Manufacturing Method of High Vegetable Composite Contented Biodegradable Block·Graft Copolymers Matrix Compound | |
| WO2003099539A1 (en) | Biodegradable compound and preparation method thereof, and molded material made of the same and molding method thereof | |
| CN108727849A (en) | A kind of water-resistant type plant fiber tableware | |
| Singh et al. | Green and sustainable packaging materials using thermoplastic starch | |
| CN112795056B (en) | Garlic skin starch environment-friendly straw and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114907680A (en) | Recyclable water-soluble degradable foam material and preparation method thereof | |
| Visakh et al. | Starch: state-of-the-art, new challenges and opportunities | |
| KR20020062867A (en) | High Vegetable Composite Contented Biodegradable Block·Graft Copolymers Matrix Compound and Forming Method | |
| KR20020062877A (en) | Forming Method of High Contented Biodegradable Steam Exploded Biomass Block·Graft Copolymers Matrix Compound |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20201120 |