CN111943573A - Method for preparing lightweight concrete aerated building block from lithium slag - Google Patents
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- CN111943573A CN111943573A CN202010684173.5A CN202010684173A CN111943573A CN 111943573 A CN111943573 A CN 111943573A CN 202010684173 A CN202010684173 A CN 202010684173A CN 111943573 A CN111943573 A CN 111943573A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a lightweight concrete aerated building block from lithium slag. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated building block from the lithium slag comprises the following steps of (1) drying the lithium slag at normal temperature to obtain dry lithium slag; (2) grinding the dried lithium slag to obtain ground lithium slag; (3) mixing the ground lithium slag, aluminum powder paste and quicklime, and adding an additive to obtain a concrete admixture; (4) introducing low-pressure saturated steam into the concrete admixture, heating and stirring the concrete admixture to obtain a stirred condensed soil admixture; (5) and placing the stirred condensed soil admixture into a mould for forming to obtain the formed condensed soil admixture. The building block of the method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated building block by using the lithium slag mainly comprises the materials such as the lithium slag, the quicklime, the foaming agent and the like, has the advantages of low dry density, high compressive strength, low heat conductivity coefficient, convenience in transportation and the like, and can be widely used as building materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of concrete preparation and solid waste resource application, in particular to a method for preparing a lightweight concrete aerated block from lithium slag.
Background
The lithium slag is a by-product from the processing of spodumene (lepidolite) to produce lithium salts. And (2) carrying out high-temperature transformation roasting on spodumene (lepidolite) at 1100-1200 ℃, then carrying out acidification roasting on the spodumene by concentrated sulfuric acid, neutralizing and leaching, and the like, so as to convert lithium in the spodumene into a soluble lithium sulfate solution, and drying the separated insoluble slag to obtain the lithium slag. The process and technical conditions for extracting lithium from the lithium ore by the sulfuric acid method are relatively mature and stable, so that the chemical components and properties of the lithium slag are basically uniform and stable, the lithium slag mainly comprises SiO2, Al2O3, CaO and the like (shown in the following table), and the chemical components of the lithium slag are basically similar to those of clay. And most of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the lithium slag exist in an amorphous form, so that the slag has high volcanic ash activity and is an ideal building material. Because the lithium content in the lithium ore is very low, a large amount of lithium slag is generated after processing treatment, and 8-10 tons of lithium slag are generated every 1 ton of lithium salt is produced.
The most serious problem of the existing spodumene slag which is mainly used as a building material and a ceramic raw material and used for preparing a ceramic material is that the alkalinity is too strong, and the acidified spodumene needs to be neutralized by adding excessive soda ash in the process of extracting lithium, so the spodumene slag generally has strong alkalinity which can influence the ceramic performance, and the spodumene slag contains more impurities such as Fe2O3, Li2O and the like which can influence the whiteness of the ceramic, and the dosage of the spodumene slag is low, and the spodumene slag can only be used as an additive to be doped into the ceramic in a small amount. The lithium slag can replace cement to prepare concrete due to the volcanic ash activity, but needs to be mixed with other materials, so that the consumption is less and the economic benefit is low. A large amount of lithium slag can only be accumulated and treated, and the environment is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for preparing lightweight concrete aerated concrete blocks from lithium slag.
A method for preparing a lightweight concrete aerated building block from lithium slag comprises the following steps: (1) drying the lithium slag at normal temperature to obtain dry lithium slag; (2) grinding the dried lithium slag to obtain ground lithium slag; (3) mixing the ground lithium slag, aluminum powder paste and quicklime, and adding an additive to obtain a concrete admixture; (4) introducing low-pressure saturated steam into the concrete admixture, heating and stirring the concrete admixture to obtain a stirred condensed soil admixture; (5) placing the stirred condensed soil admixture into a mould for forming to obtain a formed condensed soil admixture; (6) standing the formed condensed soil admixture to obtain a solidified condensed soil admixture; (7) cutting the solidified clotted-soil admixture to obtain a cut clotted-soil admixture; (8) and putting the cut condensed soil admixture into a reaction kettle for autoclaving to obtain the lithium slag lightweight concrete aerated building block.
Further, the ground lithium slag, the aluminum powder paste and the quick lime are mixed in a ratio of 1:1: 1.
Further, the specific surface area of the ground lithium slag is 800 to 1200kg/m 2.
Further, the additive is at least one of a slurry stabilizer, a cement coagulant, a water repellent agent and a bubble regulator.
Further, the pressure of the low pressure saturated steam is 0.1 to 0.5Mpa, and the temperature of the low pressure saturated steam is 100 to 200 ℃.
Further, introducing the low-pressure saturated steam into the concrete admixture, heating to 40-60 ℃, and stirring.
And further, adding the formed condensed soil admixture into the aerated concrete block, and standing for 2 to 20 hours.
Further, steaming and pressing the cut condensed soil admixture in a vacuumizing, heating, constant temperature and cooling mode, wherein the steaming and pressing time is 8-12 hours.
The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated building block by using the lithium slag takes the lithium slag as a raw material, has heat preservation and heat insulation performance, mainly comprises the lithium slag, the quicklime, the foaming agent and other materials, has the advantages of low dry density, high compressive strength, low heat conductivity coefficient, convenience in transportation and the like, and can be widely used for building materials.
According to the method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated building block by using the lithium slag, the lightweight concrete aerated building block takes the industrial waste lithium slag as a raw material, so that the environmental pollution can be reduced, the resource recycling is realized, and meanwhile, the building block can be adjusted in size and shape, can be made of local materials, and is low in cost and good in flexibility.
Furthermore, the lithium slag can be improved by physical excitation through the grinding of the ball mill, the fineness of the lithium slag particles can be improved through the grinding, and dislocation, defects, recrystallization and the like of crystal lattices in the minerals can be generated to different degrees, so that an amorphous structure which is easy to dissolve in water is formed on the surface of the minerals. The grinding treatment increases the contact area of the mineral particles and water, enhances the acting force of the mineral particles and water, accelerates the hydration reaction degree in the mineral particles and improves the activity of the mineral particles.
Furthermore, the lightweight concrete aerated block raw material consists of four parts of a gel material (such as cement), a foaming agent, aggregates (waste residues, silt and the like), and additives (a stabilizing agent, a water repellent agent and the like). The lithium slag in the lightweight concrete aerated building block prepared from the lithium slag is used as a gel material and an aggregate. Considering that the poor stability of the concrete caused by the high content of S03 in the lithium slag, the quick lime with low price is added for blending. The method has the advantages of large lithium slag consumption, cost saving, good gel performance of the lightweight concrete aerated block, high strength and good stability.
Furthermore, the lightweight concrete aerated block belongs to a porous material and has a lower elastic modulus, so that the lightweight concrete aerated block has good absorption and dispersion effects on vibration impact load, and meanwhile, the environment-friendly lightweight concrete aerated block has lighter weight and can effectively reduce the load of a building. Not easy to crack, long service life and good heat and sound insulation performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of a method for preparing lightweight concrete aerated concrete blocks by using lithium slag.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a method for preparing a lightweight concrete aerated building block from lithium slag, and with reference to a figure 1, the method comprises the following steps: (1) drying the lithium slag at normal temperature to obtain dry lithium slag; (2) grinding the dried lithium slag to obtain ground lithium slag; (3) mixing the ground lithium slag, aluminum powder paste and quicklime, and adding an additive to obtain a concrete admixture; (4) introducing low-pressure saturated steam into the concrete admixture, heating and stirring the concrete admixture to obtain a stirred condensed soil admixture; (5) placing the stirred condensed soil admixture into a mold for molding, and scraping the surface after pouring to ensure that the surface is smooth to obtain the molded condensed soil admixture; (6) standing the formed condensed soil admixture to obtain a solidified condensed soil admixture; (7) cutting the solidified clotted-soil admixture to obtain a cut clotted-soil admixture; (8) and putting the cut condensed soil admixture into a reaction kettle for steam pressure curing to obtain the lithium slag lightweight concrete aerated building block.
Wherein the ground lithium slag, the aluminum powder paste and the quicklime are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:1, and a small amount of additive is added. The lithium slag is a gel material and an aggregate, and the aluminum powder paste is added as a foaming agent to generate fine uniform foam. Because S03 content in the lithium slag is higher, S03 can cause the problem of poor stability of concrete, so that the lithium slag can be mixed with cheap quicklime and other industrial wastes.
Wherein the specific surface area of the ground lithium slag is 800 to 1200kg/m 2.
Wherein the additive is at least one of a slurry stabilizer, a cement coagulant, a water repellent agent and a bubble regulator. That is, the additive may be any one of a slurry stabilizer, a cement accelerator, a water repellent agent, and a bubble controlling agent, or may be a combination of two or more of the above agents.
Wherein the pressure of the low pressure saturated steam is 0.1 to 0.5Mpa, and the temperature of the low pressure saturated steam is 100 to 200 ℃.
Wherein the low-pressure saturated steam is introduced into the concrete admixture and is stirred after being heated to 40-60 ℃.
Wherein, the formed condensed soil admixture is added into the aerated block and then is kept stand for 2 to 20 hours, and then the demoulding can be carried out.
And autoclaving the cut condensed soil admixture in a vacuum-pumping, heating, constant-temperature and cooling curing manner, wherein the duration of the curing process is 8-12 hours.
According to the method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated building block by using the lithium slag, the lightweight concrete aerated building block takes the industrial waste lithium slag as a raw material, so that the environmental pollution can be reduced, the resource recycling is realized, and meanwhile, the building block can be adjusted in size and shape, can be made of local materials, and is low in cost and good in flexibility.
Furthermore, the lithium slag can be improved by physical excitation through the grinding of the ball mill, the fineness of the lithium slag particles can be improved through the grinding, and dislocation, defects, recrystallization and the like of crystal lattices in the minerals can be generated to different degrees, so that an amorphous structure which is easy to dissolve in water is formed on the surface of the minerals. The grinding treatment increases the contact area of the mineral particles and water, enhances the acting force of the mineral particles and water, accelerates the hydration reaction degree in the mineral particles and improves the activity of the mineral particles.
Furthermore, the lightweight concrete aerated block raw material consists of four parts of a gel material (such as cement), a foaming agent, aggregates (waste residues, silt and the like), and additives (a stabilizing agent, a water repellent agent and the like). The lithium slag in the lightweight concrete aerated building block prepared from the lithium slag is used as a gel material and an aggregate. Considering that the poor stability of the concrete caused by the high content of S03 in the lithium slag, the quick lime with low price is added for blending. The method has the advantages of large lithium slag consumption, cost saving, good gel performance of the lightweight concrete aerated block, high strength and good stability.
Furthermore, the lightweight concrete aerated block belongs to a porous material and has a lower elastic modulus, so that the lightweight concrete aerated block has good absorption and dispersion effects on vibration impact load, and meanwhile, the environment-friendly lightweight concrete aerated block has lighter weight and can effectively reduce the load of a building. Not easy to crack, long service life and good heat and sound insulation performance.
Example one
And grinding 10kg of lithium slag by a ball mill for 2 hours, uniformly mixing the ground materials with 10kg of aluminum powder paste and 10kg of quicklime, adding 20L of water and 80g of stabilizer to prepare slurry, heating the slurry to 45 ℃ under low-pressure saturated steam, pouring the slurry into 600mm square blocks of 250mm x 200mm, standing the slurry for 5 hours, and demolding and maintaining the slurry to obtain the lightweight concrete aerated block sample 1.
Example two
And grinding 50kg of lithium slag by using a ball mill for 3 hours, uniformly mixing the ground materials with 50kg of aluminum powder paste and 50kg of quick lime, adding 120L of water, 250g of stabilizer and 100g of water repellent agent to prepare slurry, heating the slurry to 55 ℃ under low-pressure saturated steam, pouring the slurry into 600mm square blocks with the thickness of 250mm x 200mm, standing the square blocks for 3 hours, and demolding and maintaining the square blocks to obtain the lightweight concrete aerated block sample 2.
EXAMPLE III
And grinding 100kg of lithium slag by a ball mill until the specific surface area is 1200kg/m2, uniformly mixing the lithium slag with 100kg of aluminum powder paste and 100kg of quicklime, adding 250L of water and 500g of stabilizer to prepare slurry, heating the slurry to 60 ℃ under low-pressure saturated steam, pouring the slurry into a square block, standing the square block for 3 hours, and demolding and maintaining the square block to obtain a light concrete aerated block sample 3.
Example four
And grinding 10kg of lithium slag by using a ball mill for 2 hours, uniformly mixing the ground lithium slag with 10kg of aluminum powder paste and 10kg of quicklime/10 kg of fly ash, adding 30L of water and 60g of stabilizer to prepare slurry, heating the slurry to 45 ℃ under low-pressure saturated steam, pouring the slurry into 600mm250mm x 200mm square blocks, standing the square blocks for 4 hours, and demolding and maintaining the square blocks to obtain a light concrete aerated block sample 4.
EXAMPLE five
And grinding 100kg of lithium slag by a ball mill until the specific surface area is 1000 kg/m2, uniformly mixing the ground materials with 100kg of aluminum powder paste, 100kg of quicklime and 20kg of gypsum, adding 300L of water and 400g of bubble regulator to prepare slurry, heating the slurry to 50 ℃ under low-pressure saturated steam, pouring the slurry into 600mm square blocks of 250mm mm and 200mm square blocks, standing the slurry for 4.5 hours, and demolding and maintaining the square blocks to obtain the lightweight concrete aerated block sample 5.
The measurement results of the performance parameters of the lithium slag lightweight concrete aerated block samples prepared in the embodiment examples 1 to 5 are shown in the following table:
name (R) | Dry density/kg/m3 | Compressive strength/Mpa | Dry shrinkage value | Freezing resistance/MPa | Thermal conductivity/W/(m X K) |
Sample 1 | 565 | 5.2 | 0.47 | 4.17 | 0.12 |
Sample 2 | 544 | 5.4 | 0.49 | 4.65 | 0.12 |
Sample 3 | 547 | 5.9 | 0.47 | 4.33 | 0.13 |
Sample No. 4 | 552 | 5.7 | 0.46 | 4.22 | 0.12 |
Sample No. 5 | 533 | 5.5 | 0.45 | 4.45 | 0.14 |
The experiment prepares the building block into 600mm250mm x 200mm square building block, actually makes arbitrary shape according to the demand. According to the standards of the strength grade division and the density grade division of the lightweight concrete, the lithium slag lightweight concrete aerated building block prepared by the method can meet the A5.0 and B06 grades. The product has small volume weight and higher compressive strength, and is a qualified concrete material.
Environment-friendly lightweight concrete aerated block strength grade
Grade | A0.5 | A1.0 | A1.5 | A2.5 | A3.5 | A5.0 | A7.5 |
Compressive strength | ≥0.5 | ≥1.0 | ≥1.5 | ≥2.5 | ≥3.5 | ≥5.0 | ≥7.5 |
Environmental protection lightweight concrete aerated block density grade
Grade | B03 | B04 | B05 | B06 | B07 | B08 | B09 | B10 |
Density/kg/m3 | ≤330 | ≤430 | ≤530 | ≤630 | ≤730 | ≤830 | ≤930 | ≤1030 |
Coefficient of thermal conductivity w/m.k | ≤0.08 | ≤0.10 | ≤0.12 | ≤0.14 | ≤0.18 | ≤0.21 | ≤0.24 | ≤0.27 |
The experimental detection result shows that the method for extracting lithium has high lithium recovery rate, and the lithium recovery rate is over 90 percent and can reach 95 percent at most. Meanwhile, the content of lithium oxide in the filter residue is lower than 0.2%, and the content of soluble lithium can be ignored. However, clay leachate contains more Na and K ions, and other lithium compounds need to be prepared by further removing impurities.
The above examples only express embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated building block by using the lithium slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) drying the lithium slag at normal temperature to obtain dry lithium slag;
(2) grinding the dried lithium slag to obtain ground lithium slag;
(3) mixing the ground lithium slag, aluminum powder paste and quicklime, and adding an additive to obtain a concrete admixture;
(4) introducing low-pressure saturated steam into the concrete admixture, heating and stirring the concrete admixture to obtain a stirred condensed soil admixture;
(5) placing the stirred condensed soil admixture into a mould for forming to obtain a formed condensed soil admixture;
(6) standing the formed condensed soil admixture to obtain a solidified condensed soil admixture;
(7) cutting the solidified clotted-soil admixture to obtain a cut clotted-soil admixture;
(8) and putting the cut condensed soil admixture into a reaction kettle for autoclaving to obtain the lithium slag lightweight concrete aerated building block.
2. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated concrete block by using the lithium slag as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and mixing the ground lithium slag, the aluminum powder paste and the quicklime in a ratio of 1:1: 1.
3. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated concrete block by using the lithium slag as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the specific surface area of the ground lithium slag is 800 to 1200kg/m 2.
4. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated concrete block by using the lithium slag as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the additive is at least one of a slurry stabilizer, a cement coagulant, a water repellent agent and a bubble regulator.
5. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated concrete block by using the lithium slag as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the pressure of the low-pressure saturated steam is 0.1 to 0.5Mpa, and the temperature of the low-pressure saturated steam is 100 to 200 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated concrete block by using the lithium slag as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and introducing the low-pressure saturated steam into the concrete admixture, heating to 40-60 ℃, and stirring.
7. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated concrete block by using the lithium slag as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and adding the formed condensed soil admixture into the air building block, and standing for 2 to 20 hours.
8. The method for preparing the lightweight concrete aerated concrete block by using the lithium slag as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: and (3) autoclaving the cut condensed soil admixture in a vacuumizing, heating, constant temperature and cooling manner, wherein the autoclaving time is 8-12 hours.
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CN117263641A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-12-22 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Autoclaved aerated concrete material prepared by efficiently utilizing sulfur-alkali component in reprocessed lithium slag and preparation method thereof |
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