CN111934275A - Overcurrent protection circuit, control circuit, chip and control method - Google Patents
Overcurrent protection circuit, control circuit, chip and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111934275A CN111934275A CN201910394857.9A CN201910394857A CN111934275A CN 111934275 A CN111934275 A CN 111934275A CN 201910394857 A CN201910394857 A CN 201910394857A CN 111934275 A CN111934275 A CN 111934275A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 271
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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Abstract
The invention provides an overcurrent protection circuit, a control circuit, a chip and a control method, wherein an overcurrent protection circuit switch module is used for switching on or off a path between a power supply module and a load; the overcurrent detection module is used for converting overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; the control module is used for controlling the on or off of the circuit; the undervoltage detection module is used for sampling the voltage at the undervoltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the circuit output end is smaller than the voltage at the undervoltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of circuit application, relates to a circuit, and particularly relates to an overcurrent protection circuit, a control circuit, a chip and a control method.
Background
Existing stb (set top box) set-top boxes need to supply power to external devices, and need to provide circuit application technologies for overcurrent or short-circuit protection while supplying power, for example, T/T2 antenna power supply circuit, smc (smart card) power supply circuit, DVB-S LNB power supply circuit.
However, in the face of cost pressure in the set-top box industry, each unit circuit is made as compact as possible. In the prior T2 antenna protection circuit, some circuit protection has the advantages of quick response and single MCU PIN detection and control, but the overcurrent detection and self-locking circuit is complex and is in disadvantage on BOM; some circuits have a little advantage in cost, but the MCU needs to use 2 GPIOs for detection and control respectively, and has the characteristic of slow response speed.
Therefore, how to provide an overcurrent protection circuit, a control circuit, a chip and a control method to solve the defects that the circuit is complex and is in disadvantage on a BOM (Bill of material) and the like if the circuit protection response is rapid and a single MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) PIN is detected and controlled in the prior art; if the cost is slightly superior, the MCU needs to adopt 2 GPIOs, which results in the drawback of slow response speed, and the like, and thus the technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is really urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an overcurrent protection circuit, a control circuit, a chip and a control method, which are used to solve the problems of the prior art that if the circuit protection response is fast and the single MCU PIN detection and control are performed, the circuit is complicated and is disadvantageous in terms of BOM; if the cost is slightly superior, the MCU needs to adopt 2 GPIOs, which results in a slow response speed.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, an aspect of the present invention provides an overcurrent protection circuit, wherein an input terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit is electrically connected to a power supply module, and an output terminal of the overcurrent protection circuit is electrically connected to a load; the overcurrent protection circuit includes: the device comprises a switch module, an overcurrent detection module, a control module and/or an undervoltage detection module; the first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the power supply module and is used for switching on or off a path between the power supply module and the load; the overcurrent detection module is arranged between the switch module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and is used for converting overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the second end of the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; the first end of the control module is electrically connected with the third end of the switch module and is used for controlling the on/off of the overcurrent protection circuit; the first end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the control module, the second end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the over-current detection module, and the second end of the under-voltage detection module is used for sampling the voltage at the under-voltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load.
In an embodiment of the invention, the over-current protection circuit further includes: one end of the first filtering module is connected with the power supply module, and the other end of the first filtering module is grounded and is used for filtering voltage ripples input to the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit; and one end of the second filtering module is connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, and the other end of the second filtering module is grounded and is used for filtering voltage ripples input to the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first filtering module includes a first capacitor; the second filtering module comprises a second capacitor; one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power supply module, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded; and one end of the second capacitor is connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the under-voltage detection module is further configured to detect a voltage at the under-voltage protection point when a third end of the under-voltage detection module is in a high impedance state, so that the voltage at the under-voltage protection point is lower than a turn-on voltage of the switch module, and a path between the power supply module and the load is closed; or the undervoltage detection module is further used for detecting the working state of the overcurrent protection circuit, and the third end of the undervoltage detection module is electrically connected with a general input/output end port, so that the voltage of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the undervoltage protection point, the detection level of the general input/output end is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, and the overcurrent protection circuit is in a normal output state.
In an embodiment of the invention, one end of the over-current detection module is electrically connected to the second end of the switch module, and the second end of the over-current detection module is electrically connected to an under-voltage protection point at the output end of the over-current protection circuit, and is configured to detect a current of a path between the power supply module and the load, and convert an over-current into an under-voltage at the output end of the over-current protection circuit.
In an embodiment of the invention, the over-current detection module includes a first resistor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the switch module includes a semiconductor device having a switching function; when the switch module comprises a first transistor; the control module comprises a second resistor and a second crystal triode; an emitting electrode of the first transistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor, and a base electrode of the first transistor is connected with one end of the second resistor; the collector of the first transistor is connected with one end of the first resistor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor.
In an embodiment of the invention, the under-voltage detection module includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; one end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the other end of the first resistor, a base electrode of the second crystal triode is respectively connected with the other end of the fourth resistor and one end of the fifth resistor, a collector electrode of the second crystal triode is connected with the other end of the second resistor, an emitting electrode of the second crystal triode is grounded, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the switch module includes a MOS transistor and the control module includes a second resistor and a second transistor; the source electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the first capacitor, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the second resistor; the drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the first resistor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor; and a sixth resistor R6 is arranged between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the MOS tube.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a control circuit, wherein an input terminal of the control circuit is electrically connected to the power supply module, and an output terminal of the control circuit is electrically connected to a load; the control circuit includes: the device comprises a switch module, an overcurrent detection module, a control module, an undervoltage detection module and/or a processing module; the switch module, the overcurrent detection module, the control module and the undervoltage detection module form an overcurrent protection circuit; the first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the power supply module, and the second end of the switch module is electrically connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and used for switching on or off a path between the power supply module and the load; the overcurrent detection module is arranged between the switch module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and is used for converting overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the second end of the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; the first end of the control module is electrically connected with the third end of the switch module and is used for controlling the on/off of the overcurrent protection circuit; the first end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the control module, the second end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the over-current detection module, the third end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the processing module, and the second end of the under-voltage detection module is used for sampling the voltage at the under-voltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load; the third end of the undervoltage detection module provides circuit working state information for the processing module and is used as a control port of the processing module; the processing module is electrically connected with the third end of the undervoltage detection module and is used for reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module and controlling the overcurrent protection circuit according to the detection level; when the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state, the processing module sends out an excitation signal at regular time, and once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit automatically restores to a normal working state.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the processing module is in a non-operating state and the input/output port connected to the third terminal of the required under-voltage detection module is a high impedance, the over-current protection circuit is always maintained in a protection state when the over-current protection circuit enters the protection state.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the processing module configures a general input/output port connected to the third end of the under-voltage detection module as a general input port, and reads a detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module; when the detection level of the second end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state; and when the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is higher than or equal to the preset high-voltage minimum value, the overcurrent protection circuit is in a normal output state.
In an embodiment of the invention, when the detection level of the third terminal of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, the processing module configures the general-purpose input/output port connected to the third terminal of the under-voltage detection module as an output port, and outputs a high-level pulse within a preset time period; reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module after waiting for a preset waiting time, and if the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than a preset high-voltage minimum value, indicating that the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state; and after the overcurrent protection circuit is detected to be in a protection state and reaches the preset cycle number, the overcurrent protection circuit is cut off; or always circulating; once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit is recovered to a normal working state from a protection state or is cut off.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a chip, including: the overcurrent protection circuit.
Yet another aspect of the invention provides a chip comprising: the control circuit.
The last aspect of the invention provides a control method, which is applied to a control circuit comprising an overcurrent protection circuit and a processing module; the overcurrent protection circuit comprises a switch module, a control module, an overcurrent detection module and an undervoltage detection module; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; the control method comprises the following steps: configuring a third end of the undervoltage detection module as a general input end or a general output end; reading a detection level of a third end of the undervoltage detection module, and controlling the overcurrent protection circuit according to the detection level; when the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state, the processing module sends out an excitation signal at regular time, and once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit automatically restores to a normal working state
As described above, the overcurrent protection circuit, the control circuit, the chip and the control method of the invention have the following advantages:
the overcurrent protection circuit, the control circuit, the chip and the control method have the advantages that the overcurrent detection module is arranged at the output end of the switch tube, and the voltage of the switch tube and the voltage of the power output end after overcurrent sampling are utilized to provide self-bias for the control module, so that a self-locking circuit unit of the conventional similar circuit is omitted, the detection module is simplified, the whole circuit is simplified, and the aim of reducing the cost is fulfilled. The control circuit of the invention has rapid protection response, and the MCU only needs one GPIO for detection and control, and simplifies the circuit to the utmost, and reduces the BOM cost to the utmost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the overcurrent protection circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2A is a circuit diagram of the over-current protection circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2B is a circuit diagram of the over-current protection circuit according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3B is a circuit diagram of a control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a control method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
| 1 | Overcurrent protection circuit |
| 11 | |
| 12 | |
| 13 | |
| 14 | |
| 15 | |
| 16 | |
| 3 | |
| 31 | First filtering module |
| 32 | Switch module |
| 33 | |
| 34 | |
| 35 | |
| 36 | |
| 37 | Processing module |
| S41～S43 | Step (ii) of |
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Example one
The embodiment provides an overcurrent protection circuit, an input end of which is electrically connected with a power supply module, and an output end of which is electrically connected with a load; the overcurrent protection circuit includes: the device comprises a switch module, an overcurrent detection module, a control module and/or an undervoltage detection module;
the first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the power supply module and is used for switching on or off a path between the power supply module and the load;
the overcurrent detection module is arranged between the switch module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and is used for converting overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the second end of the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the control module is electrically connected with the third end of the switch module and is used for controlling the on/off of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the control module, and the second end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the over-current detection module and is used for sampling the voltage at the under-voltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the second end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the undervoltage protection point, the detection level of the second end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load.
The overcurrent protection circuit provided in the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The overcurrent protection circuit of the embodiment can be used for short-circuit protection and overcurrent protection of loads connected with the overcurrent protection circuit, such as DVB-T/T2, STB (set top box) SMC card, LNB of DVB-S and the like.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2A and fig. 2B, schematic structural diagrams of an embodiment of an overcurrent protection circuit, and circuit diagrams of an embodiment and another embodiment of the overcurrent protection circuit are respectively shown. As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2A, the over-current protection circuit 1 includes a first filtering module 11, a switching module 12, an over-current detection module 13, a second filtering module 14, a control module 15, and an under-voltage detection module 16.
In the embodiment, the input terminal Power _ In of the over-current protection circuit 1 is electrically connected to a Power supply module (not shown), and the output terminal Power _ Out is electrically connected to a load (not shown).
One end of the first filtering module 11 is connected to the power supply module, the other end of the first filtering module 11 is grounded (not shown in the figure), and the first filtering module 11 is configured to filter a voltage ripple input to the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit. As shown in fig. 2A, the first filter module 11 includes a first capacitor C1.
The first end of the switch module 12 is electrically connected to the power supply module, and the second end of the switch module 12 is electrically connected to the first end of the over-current detection module 13. The switch module 12 is used for switching on or off a path between the power supply module and the load. As shown in fig. 2A, the switching module 12 includes a first transistor Q1. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2B, the switch module 12 may also include a MOS transistor.
One end of the second filter module 14 is connected to the output terminal Power _ Out of the over-current protection circuit, and the other end of the second filter module 14 is grounded (not shown in the figure) and is configured to filter the voltage ripple input to the output terminal of the over-current protection circuit. As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the second filter module 14 includes a second capacitor C2.
The first end of the control module 15 is electrically connected to the third end of the switch module 12, and the other end of the control module 15 is electrically connected to the first end of the under-voltage detection module 16. The control module 15 is used for controlling the on/off of the overcurrent protection circuit. As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the control module 15 includes a second resistor R2 and a second transistor Q2.
The first end of the under-voltage detection module 16 is electrically connected to the second end of the control module, the second end is electrically connected to the second end of the over-current detection module 13, the third end is used for being electrically connected to a general input/output port (not shown), and the third end of the under-voltage detection module 16 is set as a general input/output port GPIO. In this embodiment, the second end of the under-voltage detection module 16 is used for sampling the voltage at the under-voltage protection point a; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module 16 is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load. As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the undervoltage detection module 16 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5. In this embodiment, the resistance ratio of (R3+ R4) to R5 in the under-voltage detection module 16 is adjusted to detect the voltage at the under-voltage protection point when the third end of the under-voltage detection module 16 is in a high resistance state, and the voltage at the under-voltage protection point is lower than the on-state voltage of the switch module 12, so as to close the path between the power supply module and the load; or under the condition that the sum of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 is kept unchanged, the detection level of the general input/output end is adjusted by adjusting the resistance ratio of R4 and R5 in the undervoltage detection module 16, so that the voltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage at the undervoltage protection point a, the detection level of the general input/output end GPIO is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value Vhmin, and the overcurrent protection circuit 1 is in a normal output state.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2A, the overcurrent protection circuit 1 has the following circuit connection relationship:
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the power supply module, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded; an emitter E of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and a base B of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2; a collector C of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 (one end of the second capacitor is also connected to the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit), and the other end is grounded. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the collector C of the second transistor Q2, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1, the base B of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, the emitter E of the second transistor Q2 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2B, the circuit connection relationship of the over-current protection circuit 1 is as follows:
one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the power supply module, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded; the source S of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the first capacitor C1, and the gate G of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the second resistor R2; the drain D of the MOS transistor Q1 is connected with one end of the first resistor R1; the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 (one end of the second capacitor is also connected to the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit), and the other end is grounded. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the collector C of the second transistor Q2, one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1, the base B of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor R4 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, the emitter E of the second transistor Q2 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded. Since the MOS transistor Q1 is a voltage control device, a sixth resistor R6 is provided between the source S and the gate G of the MOS transistor Q1 in order to balance the voltage across the MOS transistor Q1.
In this embodiment, when the third terminal (GPIO) of the under-voltage detection module 16 is in a high-impedance state, the output of the over-current protection circuit is 0V by default.
When the voltage of the output end Power _ Out of the over-current protection circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage at the under-voltage protection point a, the second transistor Q2 is turned on to control the first transistor Q1 or the MOS transistor Q1 to be turned on, and the GPIO outputs a high level for about several milliseconds (set at 2-5 ms in this embodiment) to enable the over-current protection circuit to recover to normal.
In the over-current protection circuit, the over-current detection module is arranged at the output end of the switch tube, and the voltage of the switch tube and the voltage of the power output end after over-current sampling are utilized to provide self-bias for the control module, so that a self-locking circuit unit of the conventional similar circuit is omitted, the detection module is simplified, the whole circuit is simplified, and the purpose of reducing the cost is achieved.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a control circuit, wherein an input terminal of the control circuit is electrically connected to a power supply module, and an output terminal of the control circuit is electrically connected to a load; the control circuit includes: the device comprises a switch module, an overcurrent detection module, a control module, an undervoltage detection module and/or a processing module; the switch module, the overcurrent detection module, the control module and the undervoltage detection module form an overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the power supply module and is used for switching on or off a path between the power supply module and the load;
the overcurrent detection module is arranged between the switch module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and is used for converting overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the second end of the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the control module is electrically connected with the third end of the switch module and is used for controlling the on/off of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the control module, the second end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the over-current detection module, the third end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the processing module, and the second end of the under-voltage detection module is used for sampling the voltage at the under-voltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load; the third end of the undervoltage detection module provides circuit working state information for the processing module and is used as a control port of the processing module;
the processing module is electrically connected with the third end of the undervoltage detection module and is used for reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module and controlling the overcurrent protection circuit according to the detection level; when the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state, the processing module sends out an excitation signal at regular time, and once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit automatically restores to a normal working state.
The control circuit of the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3A, the control circuit 3 includes a first filtering module 31, a switching module 32, an over-current detection module 33, a second filtering module 34, a control module 35, an under-voltage detection module 36, and a processing module 37. In this embodiment, the processing module 37 is a Microprocessor (MCU)
In the present embodiment, the input terminal Power _ In of the control circuit 3 is electrically connected to a Power supply module (not shown), and the output terminal Power _ Out is electrically connected to a load (not shown).
One end of the first filtering module 31 is connected to the power supply module, the other end of the first filtering module 31 is grounded (not shown in the figure), and the first filtering module 31 is configured to filter a current input to the input end of the over-current protection circuit.
A first end of the switch module 32 is electrically connected to the power supply module, a second end of the switch module 32 is electrically connected to a first end of the over-current detection module 33, and the switch module 32 is configured to turn on or off a path between the power supply module and the load. In this embodiment, the switch module 32 includes a first transistor or MOS transistor.
Overcurrent detection module 33 set up in switch module 32 with between overcurrent protection circuit's the output Power _ Out, overcurrent detection module 33's first end with switch module 32's second end electric connection, be provided with under-voltage protection point A between overcurrent protection circuit output Power _ Out and the second end of overcurrent detection module 33, in order to detect Power module with the electric current of route between the load to turn into the under-voltage of protection short-circuit output with overflowing.
One end of the second filter module 34 is connected to the output terminal Power _ Out of the over-current protection circuit, and the other end of the second filter module 34 is grounded (not shown in the figure) and is configured to filter the current input to the output terminal of the over-current protection circuit.
The first end of the control module 35 is electrically connected to the third end of the switch module 31, and the other end of the control module 35 is electrically connected to the first end of the under-voltage detection module 36. The control module 35 is configured to control the overcurrent protection circuit to be turned on or off.
A first end of the under-voltage detection module 36 is electrically connected to a second end of the control module, a second end of the under-voltage detection module 36 is electrically connected to a second end of the over-current detection module 33, a third end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected to the processing module 37, the third end of the under-voltage detection module 36 is set as a general purpose input/general purpose output GPIO, and the second end of the under-voltage detection module 36 is used for sampling a voltage at the under-voltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module 36 is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load.
Referring to fig. 3B, a circuit diagram of the control circuit in one embodiment is shown. As shown in FIG. 3B, the brown-out detection module 36 includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fifth resistor R5. In this embodiment, the resistance ratio between (R3+ R4) and R5 in the under-voltage detection module 36 is adjusted to detect the voltage at the under-voltage protection point when the third end of the under-voltage detection module 36 is in a high-resistance state, and the voltage at the under-voltage protection point is lower than the on-state voltage of the switch module 32, so as to close the path between the power supply module and the load; or under the condition that the sum of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 is kept unchanged, the detection level of the general input/output end is adjusted by adjusting the resistance ratio of R4 to R5 in the undervoltage detection module 36, so that the voltage at the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage at an undervoltage protection point, the detection level of the general input/output end GPIO is higher than a preset high-voltage minimum value Vhmin, and the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state.
In this embodiment, the under-voltage detection module 36 is further configured to detect a working state of the over-current protection circuit when the third terminal of the under-voltage detection module is in a high-impedance state, so that a voltage at the under-voltage protection point is lower than a conduction voltage of the switch module, and a path between the power supply module and the load is closed; or the undervoltage detection module 36 is further configured to detect a detection level of the general input/output end, so that the voltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the undervoltage protection point, the detection level of the general input/output end is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, and the overcurrent protection circuit is in a normal output state.
In this embodiment, when the third terminal (GPIO) of the under-voltage detection module 36 is in a high-impedance state, the output of the over-current protection circuit is 0V by default.
When the voltage of the output terminal Power _ Out of the over-current protection circuit is greater than or equal to the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the control module 35 is turned on, the control switch module 32 is turned on, and the GPIO outputs the high level for about several milliseconds (set at 2-5 ms in this embodiment) so that the over-current protection circuit recovers to normal.
In this embodiment, the processing module 37 in the control circuit 3 only configures the third terminal of the under-voltage detection module as a general-purpose input terminal or a general-purpose output terminal GPIO for short-circuit detection and control of the over-current protection circuit connected to the processing module 37. When the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state, the processing module sends out an excitation signal at regular time, and once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit automatically restores to a normal working state.
The processing module 37 electrically connected to the third end of the under-voltage detection module 36 is configured to configure the third end of the under-voltage detection module as a general input terminal or a general output terminal, read a detection level of the second end of the under-voltage detection module, and control the over-current protection circuit according to the detection level. In this embodiment, when the detection level of the second end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than or equal to the preset High-voltage minimum value, that is, when the read value is High, it indicates that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state.
Specifically, when the output voltage of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is 0, the processing module 37 is in a non-operating state, and the second end of the undervoltage detection module is in a high-impedance state.
When the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is 0, the processing module 37 is in a non-working state, and the general input/output port connected to the third end of the under-voltage detection module is in a high-impedance state, and when the over-current protection circuit enters a protection state, the over-current protection circuit is always maintained in the protection state.
The control circuit is powered on, the processing module 37 outputs a high level pulse (high) within a preset time period, and the overcurrent protection circuit is in a normal output state.
The processing module 37 configures a general input/output port connected to the third end of the under-voltage detection module as a general input port, and reads a detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module; when the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, namely when the reading value is Low, the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state. When the GPIO reads Low, the processing module 37 configures the third end of the under-voltage detection module as a general-purpose output, and outputs a high-level pulse within a preset time period (in this embodiment, the preset time period is 2 to 5 ms); and after waiting for a preset waiting time, reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module, detecting that the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state and reaches a preset cycle number, and then cutting off the overcurrent protection circuit.
For example, after a preset time period, the GPIO is configured as the general-purpose input terminal, 1s is waited to read the detection level of the second terminal of the under-voltage detection module, and the steps are repeated in sequence, or after the preset cycle number reaches 3, a short circuit is still detected, and the over-current protection circuit is switched off.
The control circuit has the advantages that the protection response is rapid, the MCU only needs one GPIO to be used for detection and control, the circuit is simplified to the utmost, and the BOM cost is reduced to the utmost.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a chip, which includes the over-current protection circuit 1 described in the first embodiment or includes the control circuit 3 described in the second embodiment.
Example four
The embodiment provides a control method, which is applied to a control circuit comprising an overcurrent protection circuit and a processing module; the overcurrent protection circuit comprises a switch module, a control module, an overcurrent detection module and an undervoltage detection module; and an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
Please refer to fig. 4, which is a flowchart illustrating a control method according to an embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the control method includes:
s41, electrifying, after electrifying is completed, outputting a high level by the third end of the undervoltage detection module within a preset time period, and outputting a voltage normally by the overcurrent protection circuit;
and S42, configuring the third end of the undervoltage detection module as a general-purpose input end or a general-purpose output end GPIO.
S42, reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module, and controlling the overcurrent protection circuit according to the detection level; when the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state, the processing module sends out an excitation signal at regular time, and once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit automatically restores to a normal working state.
Specifically, a third end of the under-voltage detection module is configured as a general input, and a detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is read; when the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, namely when the reading value is Low, the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state; when the GPIO reads Low, configuring the third end of the under-voltage detection module as a general-purpose output, and outputting a high-level pulse within a preset time period (in this embodiment, the preset time period is 2 to 5 ms); and after waiting for a preset waiting time, reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module, detecting that the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state and reaches a preset cycle number, and then cutting off the overcurrent protection circuit.
For example, after a preset time period, configuring the GPIO as a general-purpose input, waiting for 1s to read the detection level of the second end of the under-voltage detection module, and repeating the steps in sequence, or after a preset cycle number reaches 3, and detecting a short circuit, then switching off the over-current protection circuit.
In summary, in the overcurrent protection circuit, the control circuit, the chip and the control method of the invention, the overcurrent detection module is arranged at the output end of the switch tube, and the voltage of the switch tube and the voltage of the power output end after overcurrent sampling are used for providing self-bias for the control module, so that the self-locking circuit unit of the previous similar circuit is omitted, the detection unit is simplified, the whole circuit is simplified, and the purpose of reducing the cost is achieved. The control circuit of the invention has rapid protection response, and the MCU only needs one GPIO for detection and control, and simplifies the circuit to the utmost, and reduces the BOM cost to the utmost. The invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. An overcurrent protection circuit is characterized in that an input end of the overcurrent protection circuit is electrically connected with a power supply module, and an output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is electrically connected with a load; the overcurrent protection circuit includes: the device comprises a switch module, an overcurrent detection module, a control module and/or an undervoltage detection module;
the first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the power supply module and is used for switching on or off a path between the power supply module and the load;
the overcurrent detection module is arranged between the switch module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and is used for converting overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the second end of the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the control module is electrically connected with the third end of the switch module and is used for controlling the on/off of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the control module, the second end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the over-current detection module, and the second end of the under-voltage detection module is used for sampling the voltage at the under-voltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load.
2. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the overcurrent protection circuit further includes:
one end of the first filtering module is connected with the power supply module, and the other end of the first filtering module is grounded and is used for filtering voltage ripples input to the input end of the overcurrent protection circuit;
and one end of the second filtering module is connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, and the other end of the second filtering module is grounded and is used for filtering voltage ripples input to the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
3. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 2, wherein: the first filtering module comprises a first capacitor; the second filtering module comprises a second capacitor; one end of the first capacitor is connected with the power supply module, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded; and one end of the second capacitor is connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
4. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 1, wherein:
the undervoltage detection module is further configured to detect a voltage at the undervoltage protection point when the third end of the undervoltage detection module is in a high-impedance state, make the voltage at the undervoltage protection point lower than a turn-on voltage of the switch module, and close a path between the power supply module and the load; or
The undervoltage detection module is also used for detecting the working state of the overcurrent protection circuit, and the third end of the undervoltage detection module is electrically connected with a general input/output end port so that the voltage of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the undervoltage protection point, the detection level of the general input/output end is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, and the overcurrent protection circuit is in a normal output state.
5. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 1, wherein:
one end of the overcurrent detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the switch module, and the second end of the overcurrent detection module is electrically connected with an undervoltage protection point at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and is used for detecting the current of the passage between the power supply module and the load and converting the overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit.
6. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 5, wherein: the over-current detection module comprises a first resistor.
7. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 6, wherein: the switching module includes a semiconductor device having a switching function; when the switch module comprises a first transistor, the control module comprises a second resistor and a second transistor; an emitting electrode of the first transistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor, and a base electrode of the first transistor is connected with one end of the second resistor; the collector of the first transistor is connected with one end of the first resistor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor.
8. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 7, wherein: the undervoltage detection module comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a fifth resistor; one end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the other end of the first resistor, a base electrode of the second crystal triode is respectively connected with the other end of the fourth resistor and one end of the fifth resistor, a collector electrode of the second crystal triode is connected with the other end of the second resistor, an emitting electrode of the second crystal triode is grounded, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded.
9. The overcurrent protection circuit of claim 6, wherein: when the switch module comprises an MOS transistor and the control module comprises a second resistor and a second transistor; the source electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the first capacitor, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the second resistor; the drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with one end of the first resistor; the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second capacitor; and a sixth resistor R6 is arranged between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the MOS tube.
10. A control circuit is characterized in that an input end of the control circuit is electrically connected with a power supply module, and an output end of the control circuit is electrically connected with a load; the control circuit includes: the device comprises a switch module, an overcurrent detection module, a control module, an undervoltage detection module and/or a processing module; the switch module, the overcurrent detection module, the control module and the undervoltage detection module form an overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the switch module is electrically connected with the power supply module, and the second end of the switch module is electrically connected with the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and used for switching on or off a path between the power supply module and the load;
the overcurrent detection module is arranged between the switch module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit and is used for converting overcurrent into undervoltage at the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the second end of the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the control module is electrically connected with the third end of the switch module and is used for controlling the on/off of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the first end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the control module, the second end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the second end of the over-current detection module, the third end of the under-voltage detection module is electrically connected with the processing module, and the second end of the under-voltage detection module is used for sampling the voltage at the under-voltage protection point; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is greater than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is higher than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a normal output state; when the output voltage of the output end of the over-current protection circuit is smaller than the voltage at the under-voltage protection point, the detection level of the third end of the under-voltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, so that the over-current protection circuit is in a protection state for protecting the load; the third end of the undervoltage detection module provides circuit working state information for the processing module and is used as a control port of the processing module; the processing module is electrically connected with the third end of the undervoltage detection module and is used for reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module and controlling the overcurrent protection circuit according to the detection level; when the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state, the processing module sends out an excitation signal at regular time, and once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit automatically restores to a normal working state.
11. The control circuit of claim 10, wherein: when the processing module is in a non-working state and the general input/output port connected with the third end of the undervoltage detection module is in a high resistance state, the overcurrent protection circuit is always maintained in a protection state when the overcurrent protection circuit enters the protection state.
12. The control circuit of claim 11, wherein: the processing module configures a general input/output port connected with the third end of the undervoltage detection module as a general input end and reads the detection level of the second end of the undervoltage detection module; when the detection level of the second end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state; and when the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is higher than or equal to the preset high-voltage minimum value, the overcurrent protection circuit is in a normal output state.
13. The control circuit of claim 12, wherein: when the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than the preset high-voltage minimum value, the processing module configures a general input/output port connected with the third end of the undervoltage detection module as an output port, and outputs a high-level pulse within a preset time period; reading the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module after waiting for a preset waiting time, and if the detection level of the third end of the undervoltage detection module is lower than a preset high-voltage minimum value, indicating that the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state; and after the overcurrent protection circuit is detected to be in a protection state and reaches the preset cycle number, the overcurrent protection circuit is cut off; or always circulating; once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit is recovered to a normal working state from a protection state or is cut off.
14. A chip, comprising:
the overcurrent protection circuit as claimed in any one of claim 1 to claim 9.
15. A chip, comprising:
a control circuit as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 13.
16. A control method is characterized by being applied to a control circuit comprising an overcurrent protection circuit and a processing module; the overcurrent protection circuit comprises a switch module, a control module, an overcurrent detection module and an undervoltage detection module; an undervoltage protection point of the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit is arranged between the overcurrent detection module and the output end of the overcurrent protection circuit;
the control method comprises the following steps:
configuring a third end of the undervoltage detection module as a general input end or a general output end;
reading a detection level of a third end of the undervoltage detection module, and controlling the overcurrent protection circuit according to the detection level; when the overcurrent protection circuit is in a protection state, the processing module sends out an excitation signal at regular time, and once the load short-circuit fault is eliminated, the overcurrent protection circuit automatically restores to a normal working state.
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Denomination of invention: Overcurrent protection circuit, control circuit, chip and control method Granted publication date: 20221111 Pledgee: Renlai Electronic Technology (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Montage LZ Technologies (Chengdu) Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980016173 |