CN111912296B - Composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, application and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, application and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111912296B CN111912296B CN202010893863.1A CN202010893863A CN111912296B CN 111912296 B CN111912296 B CN 111912296B CN 202010893863 A CN202010893863 A CN 202010893863A CN 111912296 B CN111912296 B CN 111912296B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/021—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps
- B29C39/025—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps for making multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/26—Moulds or cores
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
- F41H7/04—Armour construction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which comprises upper and lower panels and a whole core material filled between the panels and made of a high polymer viscoelastic material, wherein at least 2 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein the core material is internally provided with at least 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, and the ceramic balls which are firstly resistant to penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls. According to the invention, ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the protective plate in a staggered array manner, so that the projectile body can deflect when penetrating at any angle; through setting up the ceramic ball of different diameters in the guard plate inside, after the projectile body striking, the ceramic ball is with the impact force rapid transfer for surrounding ceramic ball to drive whole protective structure board and participate in the anti projectile body, obvious improvement plate body is whole to participate in anti penetration integration performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a protection plate suitable for armor protection and ship construction, in particular to a composite protection plate with non-constant diameter ceramic balls, and an application and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
For the past century, military and civil engineers have conducted extensive research on the phenomenon of penetration at high speeds, and engineers engaged in armor protection research have sought to reduce the damage to the protected structure and resist penetration of elastomers. With the continuous development of science, the impact resistance of some traditional materials can not meet the required requirements, so various novel composite materials are generated, and the composite protection plate is one of the novel composite materials.
The existing method for improving the penetration resistance of the protective structure mainly comprises the following 3 steps:
1. the steel sheet for armor having high resistance to elastic force and a method for manufacturing the same, which improves the hardness of the armor plate by changing the chemical composition method, thereby improving the penetration resistance thereof, is disclosed by the patent CN201510104925.5, for example, by resisting the impact of an elastomer by a high-strength panel; but also has the problems of overweight armor plates and the like.
2. By utilizing the energy absorption principle, the energy absorption layer made of the high polymer elastomer material is arranged in the middle layer of the sandwich plate, and the elastomer impacts the sandwich plate, so that the energy absorption layer deforms at the moment to effectively absorb energy generated by impact; for example, the sandwich panel is manufactured by absorbing energy generated by impact by a buffer layer between high polymer polyethylene plates and adopting a bonding mode between the plates, after the invasion of the elastomer, shock waves, transmission waves and reflected wave energy are generated, the sandwich panel is generally layered, a panel falls off and the like, and the damage process can dissipate more energy, but has the defect that the structural integrity is seriously damaged, so that the secondary striking resistance is greatly reduced or even lost.
3. The ceramic material protective layer with high hardness is added, for example, the ceramic sheet is arranged on the outer layer of the protective structure, so that high-hardness abrasion pellets of the ceramic can be utilized, and even the pellets can be forced to be broken, thereby achieving a good protective effect, but after the ceramic is subjected to penetration of an elastomer, the ceramic is easy to break and splash, on one hand, secondary damage is easy to be caused, and on the other hand, the problem that secondary striking cannot be born is also existed. In the prior art, a novel armor plate adopting 6061 aluminum alloy to restrain Al2O3 ceramic ball composite material is adopted, and a metal matrix is utilized to restrain ceramic balls, so that the advantages of high hardness and high temperature resistance of the ceramic material are fully exerted, but the toughness is insufficient, and similar problems as the ceramic sheet exist.
In summary, although the protection plate has various functions, the protection structure body is too heavy and has weak secondary striking resistance.
Therefore, there is a need to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the first aim of the invention is to provide a composite protection plate which increases the transmission path of force after ceramic spheres are impacted by the arrangement of non-equal-diameter ceramic spheres, enlarges the stressed area and has better penetration resistance; and meanwhile, the elasticity of the core material is utilized to enable the ceramic ball after being hit to return to the original position, so that the composite protection plate with the ceramic ball with non-equal diameter can bear secondary hitting and improve the number of times of hitting resistance of the protection plate.
A second object of the invention is to provide an application of a composite protection plate based on ceramic balls with non-equal diameters.
The third object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the composite protection plate with the non-equal-diameter ceramic balls.
The fourth object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the second composite protection plate with the non-equal-diameter ceramic balls.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention discloses a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which comprises upper and lower panels and a whole core material filled between the panels and made of high polymer viscoelastic materials, wherein at least 2 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameters of ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein the core material is internally provided with at least 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, and the ceramic balls which are firstly resistant to penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls.
Wherein, 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material.
Preferably, the ratio of the diameters of the large-diameter ceramic balls to the small-diameter ceramic balls is 1.3-2.5.
Furthermore, the number of layers of the small-diameter ceramic balls is larger than that of the large-diameter ceramic balls.
Further, the core material has 3 kinds of ceramic balls with different diameters therein.
Preferably, the large diameter ceramic ball layer, the medium diameter ceramic ball layer and the small diameter ceramic ball layer are arranged in this order along the penetration-resistant direction.
Furthermore, the penetration body is a bullet, and the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball is 0.8-1.
The invention discloses an application of a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which adopts the composite protection plate with the non-equal-diameter ceramic balls to manufacture an external protection layer of armor equipment, wherein a panel close to a large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer side panel.
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps that a fusible high-molecular viscoelastic material is selected as a core material, a first special die is manufactured, the first special die is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, middle panels for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters are inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected;
(2) Dividing ceramic balls into m groups, wherein m is more than or equal to 2; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is m-1;
(3) Placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing the ceramic balls of the 1 st group into the melted high polymer viscoelastic material, pouring the ceramic balls between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel after uniformly stirring, and pumping out the middle panel after cooling to finish pouring molding of the ceramic ball layer of the 1 st group; turning to step (6) if the intermediate panel has been drawn out, and turning to step (4) if the intermediate panel has not been drawn out;
(4) Placing the ceramic balls of the group 2 into the melted polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed ceramic ball layer of the group 1 and an adjacent middle panel, and pumping out the middle panel after cooling to finish pouring and forming of the ceramic ball layer of the group 2;
(5) Placing the rest ceramic balls in the melted polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed adjacent ceramic ball layers and the adjacent middle panel, and after cooling, pumping out the middle panel to finish pouring forming of the ceramic ball layers; until the middle panel is completely drawn out;
(6) And finally, placing the ceramic balls in the m group into the melted high polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed adjacent group of ceramic ball layers and the other side panel, and finishing the processing after cooling.
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps: the core material is made of fusible high molecular viscoelastic material, and a second special mold is made, wherein the second special mold is of a box-shaped structure with one side open, and all panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; and respectively placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die, sequentially placing all ceramic balls in the second special die, finally pouring the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special die, and removing the die after cooling to finish processing.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) According to the invention, ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the protective plate in a staggered array manner, so that the projectile body can deflect when penetrating at any angle; the ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the protection plate, and after the impact of the projectile body, the ceramic balls rapidly transmit the impact force to surrounding ceramic balls, so that the whole protection structure plate is driven to participate in the projectile body resistance, and the integral penetration resistance of the plate body is obviously improved;
(2) The ceramic balls with different diameters in the protective structure plate deflect the projectile body and enlarge the stress area of the structural plate, so that when the projectile body speed is higher than the ballistic limit speed, after the faceplate facing the projectile penetrates, the movement track of the projectile body is changed and the whole impact is reduced by a large amount of energy due to the action of the large ceramic balls and the small ceramic balls, and the protective structure plate has an important protective effect on the protective object behind the protective plate;
(3) The ceramic balls in the protection plate are wrapped and fixed by the high polymer elastomer material core material, are in flexible constraint, and are different from the rigid constraint of the metal matrix wrapping in the prior art, and the metal matrix wrapping the ceramic balls cannot elastically deform and absorb energy; the flexible body constraint is better than the rigid constraint: when the elastomer invades, the core material elastically deforms to absorb energy, so that the positions of all ceramic balls are driven to change slightly, and the whole protection plate integrally consumes energy; according to the invention, the ceramic balls are wrapped by the high polymer elastomer material core material, and after the elastomer is impacted for one time, the high polymer elastomer material core material deforms to absorb energy, and the ceramic balls are slightly displaced; on one hand, the displacement of the ceramic ball consumes a great amount of impact energy of the projectile body, and the energy and kinetic energy of the projectile body are consumed by utilizing the movement of the ceramic ball, which is different from the prior art; on the other hand, the stress point of the projectile body is changed, and the movement direction is changed; after the elastomer invades for a period of time, the residual ceramic ball after being hit returns to the original position through the elasticity of the high polymer elastomer material core material; when the next elastomer penetration is carried out, if the incident point of the elastomer is the same as that of the previous elastomer, the ceramic ball which is not broken is impacted, yaw still occurs, and the anti-impact times of the protective structure are effectively improved;
(4) The rigidity of the protection plate can be improved by selecting the proper ball diameter and the proper ball layer so as to meet the requirements of resisting different penetration elastomers;
(5) According to the invention, the ceramic ball, the core material and the panel are cast and molded, the panel is integrated through the solidification force in the casting and molding process of the core material, so that layering is effectively prevented, penetration energy is absorbed integrally, and penetration resistance is effectively improved;
(6) The protection plate has lighter weight and stronger protection capability under the condition of the same volume; the protection plate provided by the invention is simple to manufacture and low in cost, and can be widely applied to the protection fields of ships, armored vehicles and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of embodiment 10 of the present invention;
FIGS. 5 to 7 are schematic views showing a process of penetration of an elastomer into a fender according to embodiment 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the first special fixture of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a front view of the first special fixture of embodiment 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B in FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a front view of a second dedicated mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the force applied to a ceramic ball according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an arrangement of single layer ceramic balls in the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of example 6 of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of example 8 in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at intervals up and down, the panel can be made of steel plates or aluminum alloy plates, a specific bullet-facing panel can be made of 603 armor steel, a back bullet panel can be made of 7039 aluminum alloy, and the composite protection plate has good bullet-proof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to actual engineering requirements.
As shown in fig. 15, the core material 2 is a whole core material 2 made of a polymer viscoelastic material and filled between two panels, and at least 2 ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are staggered, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein the core material is internally provided with at least 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, and the ceramic balls which are firstly penetration-resistant are ceramic balls 3 with large diameters. The penetration body is a bullet, and the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8-1. Wherein each row of ceramic balls in each layer is arranged horizontally, parallel to the edge of the panel, and is arranged in a staggered manner from row to row.
When 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material 2, the ratio of the diameters of the large-diameter ceramic balls 3 to the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 is 1.3-2.5, and the number of layers of the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 is larger than that of the large-diameter ceramic balls 3.
As shown in fig. 14, when 3 kinds of ceramic balls having different diameters are provided in the core material 2, the large diameter ceramic ball layer, the medium diameter ceramic ball layer and the small diameter ceramic ball layer are arranged in this order along the penetration-resistant direction. The small-diameter ceramic ball layer arranged at the back mainly consumes tiny energy left after the projectile body passes through the large-diameter ceramic ball, and when the small-diameter ceramic ball layer is subjected to force, the small-diameter ceramic ball layer can rapidly transfer the force, so that the stress on the panel of the back projectile is minimum. Assuming that the penetration body just impacts one ceramic ball and the ceramic ball can uniformly transfer the action force of the penetration body, the vertical action force is F, and the breaking energy absorption of the ceramic ball and the plastic stretching energy absorption of polyurethane are ignored. I.e. the force applied to the first layer of balls is F, the force applied to each ball transferred to the second layer is F/3, and so on, assuming a total of 4 layers, the force applied to each ball is only F/12.
And manufacturing an external protective layer of the armor equipment by adopting a composite protective plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, wherein a panel close to the large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer side panel.
The ceramic balls have various diameters, and the impurities are distributed between the face plate of the welcome bullet and the face plate of the back bullet. The face plate of the bullet and the face plate of the back bullet can be made of metal plates or polymer material plates. The core material wraps and fixes the ceramic ball, and after the ceramic ball is impacted by the elastomer, the high polymer elastomer material matrix deforms and the plastic deformation absorbs energy, so that the ceramic ball generates fine displacement; after the projectile invades for a period of time, the residual ceramic ball after being hit can bear secondary hit by utilizing the elasticity of the core material to return to the original position.
According to the invention, the ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the protection plate, so that when the penetration body (such as the projectile body 6) vertically hits the protection plate and the center of the first layer ceramic ball is centered, as the ceramic ball layers are arranged in a staggered manner, the projectile body is required to hit the edge of the ceramic ball when hitting the next layer, and the projectile body deflects at the moment; when the projectile body vertically hits the protection plate and hits the edge of the first layer ceramic ball, the projectile body deflects at the moment; when the projectile body is obliquely hit to the protection plate, the projectile body deflects after hitting the ceramic ball; the ceramic balls are transmitted to surrounding ceramic balls when the ceramic balls are broken and the core material deforms to absorb a large amount of energy, and the ceramic balls are stressed more along with continuous movement of the projectile in the protection plate, so that almost all the ceramic balls and the elastic core body in the protection plate are driven to move and deform, and more kinetic energy of the projectile is consumed in a short time; when the projectile body impacts the ceramic balls with small diameters in the protection plate, the probability that the projectile body hits the center of the ceramic balls is reduced, so that the deflection of the projectile body is enhanced, the number of the hit ceramic balls is increased, and the number of force spread to the ceramic balls is obviously increased; the deeper the projectile body enters the protection plate, the more the ceramic balls are hit, the larger the angle is deflected, the longer the movement track of the projectile body in the protection plate is, until most or all of the kinetic energy of the projectile body is consumed, the residual speed is forced to be greatly reduced, and the movement is stopped even in the protection plate.
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps that a fusible high-molecular viscoelastic material is selected as a core material, a first special die is manufactured, the first special die is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, middle panels for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters are inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; the box-shaped structure is also internally provided with a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for conveniently sequencing ceramic balls in a staggered way.
(2) Dividing ceramic balls into m groups, wherein m is more than or equal to 2; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is m-1;
(3) Placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing the ceramic balls of the 1 st group into the melted high polymer viscoelastic material, pouring the ceramic balls between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel after uniformly stirring, and pumping out the middle panel after cooling to finish pouring molding of the ceramic ball layer of the 1 st group; turning to step (6) if the intermediate panel has been drawn out, and turning to step (4) if the intermediate panel has not been drawn out;
(4) Placing the ceramic balls of the group 2 into the melted polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed ceramic ball layer of the group 1 and an adjacent middle panel, and pumping out the middle panel after cooling to finish pouring and forming of the ceramic ball layer of the group 2;
(5) Placing the rest ceramic balls in the melted polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed adjacent ceramic ball layers and the adjacent middle panel, and after cooling, pumping out the middle panel to finish pouring forming of the ceramic ball layers; until the middle panel is completely drawn out;
(6) And finally, placing the ceramic balls in the m group into the melted high polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed adjacent group of ceramic ball layers and the other side panel, and finishing the processing after cooling.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the invention discloses another manufacturing method of a composite protection plate with non-equal diameter ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps: the core material is made of fusible high molecular viscoelastic material, a second special mold is made, the second special mold is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, all panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected, and a positioning block 7 for positioning the panels and a sequencing block 8 for conveniently sequencing ceramic balls in a staggered manner are also arranged in the box-shaped structure; and respectively placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die, sequentially placing all ceramic balls in the second special die, finally pouring the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special die, and removing the die after cooling to finish processing.
In the invention, the elastomer firstly invades the large-diameter ceramic ball in the core material and is decomposed into small-diameter ceramic ball layers through a plurality of large-diameter ceramic ball layers. Considering the crushing energy absorption of the ceramic balls and the plastic stretching energy absorption of the core material, on one hand, a large amount of energy is consumed by the movement of the ceramic balls. On the other hand, the force of the projectile is dispersed layer by layer so that the force per unit area is reduced. Besides the small straight ceramic balls, the ceramic balls also play roles in changing paths and crushing and absorbing energy. The ceramic balls are arranged in multiple layers, and the balls are arranged in rows and columns and layers and layer positions in layers, so that the impact of the projectile body from any angle direction is ensured, and the ceramic balls can be hit. When the projectile penetrates the core material, the projectile breaks down the ceramic balls to deflect, and the next layer of ceramic balls can change the path of the projectile again. If the projectile also has energy to once again break through the ceramic ball layer, the ceramic ball will once again change the path of penetration through the body. After the repeated reverse movement, the movement time of the projectile body in the protection plate is longer and longer, the ceramic ball hit is more and more broken, and the consumed projectile body energy is more and more consumed. After the elastomer penetrates for a period of time, the ceramic balls remaining after being hit return to their original positions through the core material of the high molecular elastomer material. When the next projectile penetration is carried out, if the incident point of the projectile is the same as that of the last projectile, the ceramic balls which are not broken are impacted, and yaw still occurs; the anti-striking frequency of the protective structure is effectively improved.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the composite protection plate with the non-equal diameter ceramic balls in the embodiment 1 comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at intervals up and down, a bullet-facing panel is 603 armor steel, a bullet-backing panel is 7039 aluminum alloy, and the composite protection plate has good bullet-proof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to actual engineering requirements. The panels were 24cm by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panels was 0.2cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 which is filled between two panels and is made of a high polymer viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material, and the ceramic balls are respectively a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 ceramic ball layers are sequentially 3 large-diameter ceramic ball layers and 4 small-diameter ceramic ball layers, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor equipment is manufactured by adopting a composite protective plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, wherein a panel close to a large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer panel, and the ceramic balls which are firstly anti-penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls 3.
When the penetration body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 5mm, and the ratio of the diameters of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 and the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 2.
The method for manufacturing the composite protection plate with the non-constant diameter ceramic balls in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) The core material is made of fusible high molecular viscoelastic material, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, a first special mold is manufactured, the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, middle panels for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters are inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; the box-shaped structure is also internally provided with a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for conveniently sequencing ceramic balls in a staggered way.
(2) Dividing ceramic balls into 2 groups, namely, the large-diameter ceramic balls 3 are one group, and the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 are the other group; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is 1;
(3) Placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing the large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the large-diameter ceramic balls between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel, and arranging the large-diameter ceramic balls layer by layer between the one side panel and the adjacent middle panel; after cooling, the middle panel is drawn out to finish pouring molding of the large-diameter ceramic ball layer;
(4) And finally, placing the small-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed adjacent ceramic ball layers and the other side panel, and finishing the processing after cooling.
Under the condition of consistent length and width dimensions, 4 groups of parallel tests are designed, and the quality of the 4 groups of protection plates is determined to be the same by changing the thickness.
The 1 st group is a traditional armor-common sandwich protection plate, the size is 24cm multiplied by 4.5cm, the thickness of the upper panel and the lower panel is 0.2cm, and the upper panel and the lower panel are made of A3 steel plates; the group 2 is a sandwich plate with inclined rib plates, the size is 24cm multiplied by 3.8m, and the thicknesses of the upper panel, the lower panel, the upper rib plates and the lower rib plates are all 0.2cm; group 3 is a protection plate with ceramic ball particles on the surface, and the size is 24cm multiplied by 4.4cm; group 4 is the guard plate in example 1.
The round-head projectile with the diameter of 8.08mm is used for respectively penetrating 4 groups of protection plates at the initial speed of 600m/s, the excellent protection plates are analyzed from the condition that whether a protection structure is broken down, the depth of a pit, the height of a bulge of a back-spring plate after being shot and the damage degree of the back-spring plate, and under the condition that other parameters are not different, the larger the radius of the damage degree of the back-spring plate is, the smaller the single-point stress is, and the protection performance is about good; penetration resistance data for the 4 sets of shields are shown in table 1:
Table 1: penetration resistance parameter of 4 groups of protection plates
As can be seen from the data in table 1, in the case of a round-head projectile of 8.08mm diameter invading at an initial velocity of 600m/s, the composite protection plate in example 1 has the advantages of shallow pit depth, low back bulge and suitable damaged area during penetration resistance compared with the previous 3 groups, and the penetration resistance of the armor structure is improved to a great extent.
Example 2
4 sets of parallel tests were designed, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large diameter ceramic ball 3 being 0.67, 0.8, 1, 1.2, respectively, with the remainder being as in example 1
Round-head bullets are adopted as bullets, penetration is carried out at an initial speed of 600m/s, and penetration resistance data of 4 groups of composite protection plates under the change of the bullet diameter are shown in Table 2:
table 2: penetration resistance data of 4 groups of composite protection plates under change of bullet diameters
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the protection plate is most effective in resisting the ratio of the diameter of the projectile to the diameter of the ceramic ball with a large diameter of 0.8 to 1 times under the condition of the initial penetration speed of the projectile of 600 m/s.
Example 3
7 sets of parallel tests were designed, the ratio of the diameters of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 to the small diameter ceramic balls 4 being 3.3, 2.5, 2, 1.6, 1.3, 1.0, 0.7, respectively, the remainder being the same as in example 1
The cartridges were each run in 7 parallel groups using flat-end pellets 8.08mm in diameter at an initial velocity of 600 m/s. The performance of the guard plates will be analyzed from whether the guard plates are broken down, pit depth and degree of damage to the back spring plate, and the penetration resistance parameters of 7 sets of composite guard plates are shown in table 3:
Table 3: penetration resistance parameter of 7 groups of composite protection plates
As can be seen from the data in Table 3, in the case where the bullet invaded at an initial velocity of 600m/s, the penetration resistance was good in the range of 1.3 to 2.5 in which the ratio of the diameter of the large diameter ceramic ball to the small diameter ceramic ball was set.
Example 4
Designing 3 groups of parallel tests, wherein the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic balls in the 1 st group is 8mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic balls is 4mm; the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic balls in the group 2 is 12mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic balls is 6mm; the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic balls in the group 3 is 10mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic balls is 5mm; the rest is the same as in example 1
Three groups of protection plates were respectively penetrated at an initial speed of 600m/s using a round-head projectile with a diameter of 8.08mm, and the protection plates were analyzed for their excellent properties from whether they were broken down, pit depth, protrusion height after the back-spring plate was shot, and damage degree of the back-spring plate, and specific data are shown in table 4:
table 4: penetration resistance parameter of 3 groups of composite protection plates
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, in the case where a round-head projectile of 8.08mm diameter is advanced at an initial speed of 600m/s, the diameter of the large diameter ceramic ball in group 3 is 10mm, and the pit depth of the small diameter ceramic ball is 5mm, so that the effect is the best.
Example 5
The structure of example 5 is the same as that of example 1, except for the manufacturing method of the shield plate.
The method for manufacturing the composite protection plate with the non-constant diameter ceramic balls in the embodiment 5 comprises the following steps: the core material is made of fusible high molecular viscoelastic material, a second special mold is made, the second special mold is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, all panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected, and a positioning block 7 for positioning the panels and a sequencing block 8 for conveniently sequencing ceramic balls in a staggered manner are also arranged in the box-shaped structure; and respectively placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die, sequentially placing all ceramic balls in the second special die, finally pouring the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special die, and removing the die after cooling to finish processing.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 16, embodiment 6 is a composite protection plate with a ceramic ball having equal diameter, comprising a panel 1, a core material 2 and the ceramic ball, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at intervals up and down, the panel facing the bullet is 603 armor steel, the panel facing the bullet is 7039 aluminum alloy, and the composite protection plate has better anti-elastic performance and higher cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to actual engineering requirements. The ceramic balls are made of Al2O3 ceramic, and the diameter of each ceramic ball is 10mm; the panels were 24cm by 4.1cm, wherein the thickness of the panels was 0.2cm. The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 which is filled between two panels and made of high polymer viscoelasticity material, 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, and 1 ceramic ball with different diameters is arranged in the core material. The ceramic balls of adjacent layers are staggered. The ceramic balls are filled between the bulleting board and the back bulleting board and fixed through the high polymer elastomer material core material.
In the embodiment, the bullet body is inserted into the protection plate, firstly, the face plate of the bullet consumes energy and wears the bullet body, then the bullet body impacts the ceramic ball, and the spherical structure of the ceramic ball can change the bullet trajectory besides breaking and absorbing a large amount of energy of the bullet body; decomposing the velocity of the projectile body in the invasion direction, and generating transverse velocity to increase the projectile body path; simultaneously, the core material is elastically deformed and plastically deformed, and the energy of the elastomer part is consumed; when the core material body absorbs energy and stretches and deforms, the ceramic balls slightly displace; the displacement of the ceramic ball consumes a great amount of impact energy of the projectile body, and the energy and kinetic energy of the projectile body are consumed by utilizing the 'movement' of the ceramic ball; the projectile body continuously moves forwards, the multilayer ceramic balls are arranged to continuously crush and abrade the projectile body, the trajectory of the projectile body is continuously changed, and the speed of the projectile body in the invasion direction is decomposed, so that the movement time of the projectile body in the protective structure plate is prolonged; the elastomer is severely worn through the large ceramic ball layer, and the energy left is not much.
Example 7
Under the condition of consistent length and width dimensions, 5 groups of parallel tests are designed, and the mass of the 5 groups of protection plates is determined to be the same by changing the thickness.
The 1 st group is a traditional armor-common sandwich protection plate, the size is 24cm multiplied by 4.5cm, the thickness of the upper panel and the lower panel is 0.2cm, and the upper panel and the lower panel are made of A3 steel plates; the group 2 is a sandwich plate with inclined rib plates, the size is 24cm multiplied by 3.8m, and the thicknesses of the upper panel, the lower panel, the upper rib plates and the lower rib plates are all 0.2cm; group 3 is a protection plate with ceramic ball particles on the surface, and the size is 24cm multiplied by 4.4cm; group 4 is the guard plate in example 6; the 5 th group had ceramic balls with a diameter of 5mm, and the panels were 24 cm. Times.24 cm. Times.4.3 cm in size, with the remainder being the same as in example 6.
The protection plates of 5 groups were respectively penetrated at an initial speed of 600m/s using a round-head projectile with a diameter of 8.08mm, and the protection plates were analyzed for their excellent properties from whether they were broken down, pit depth, projection height after the back-spring plate was shot, and damage degree of the back-spring plate, and specific data are shown in table 5:
table 5: penetration resistance parameter of 5 groups of composite protection plates
As can be seen from the data in table 5, in the case of the round-head projectile with a diameter of 8.08mm invading at an initial velocity of 600m/s, the protection plate in example 6 has the advantages of shallow pit depth, low back bulge, proper damaged area and the like in the penetration resisting process, compared with the previous 3 groups, and the penetration resisting performance of the armor structure is improved to a great extent.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 17, the composite protection plate with non-equal diameter ceramic balls in embodiment 8 comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at intervals up and down, a bullet-facing panel is 603 armor steel, a bullet-backing panel is 7039 aluminum alloy, and the composite protection plate has good anti-elastic performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to actual engineering requirements. The panels were 24cm by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panels was 0.2cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 which is filled between two panels and is made of a high polymer viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material, and the ceramic balls are respectively a large-diameter ceramic ball 3, a medium-diameter ceramic ball 5 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 ceramic ball layers are sequentially 2 large-diameter ceramic ball layers, 2 medium-diameter ceramic ball layers and 3 small-diameter ceramic ball layers, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor equipment is manufactured by adopting a composite protective plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, wherein a panel close to a large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer panel, and the ceramic balls which are firstly anti-penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls 3.
The diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the medium-diameter ceramic ball 5 is 7.5mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 5mm.
In embodiment 8, a method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps that a fusible high-molecular viscoelastic material is selected as a core material, a first special die is manufactured, the first special die is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, middle panels for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters are inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; the box-shaped structure is also internally provided with a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for conveniently sequencing ceramic balls in a staggered way.
(2) Dividing ceramic balls into 3 groups, namely, the large-diameter ceramic balls 3 are one group, the medium-diameter ceramic balls 5 are one group, and the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 are the other group; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is 2;
(3) Placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing the large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic materials, uniformly stirring, pouring the large-diameter ceramic balls between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel, and after cooling, pumping out the middle panel to finish pouring molding of the large-diameter ceramic ball layer;
(4) Placing the middle-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed large-diameter ceramic ball layer and the adjacent middle panel, and pumping out the middle panel after cooling to finish pouring and forming of the middle-diameter ceramic ball layer;
(5) And finally, placing the small-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the small-diameter ceramic balls between the formed middle-diameter ceramic ball layer and the other side panel, and finishing the processing after cooling.
Example 9
Under the condition of consistent length and width dimensions, 4 groups of parallel tests are designed, and the quality of the 4 groups of protection plates is determined to be the same by changing the thickness. Group 1 is the guard plate in example 6; the group 2 is that the diameter of the ceramic ball is 5mm, the size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.3cm, and the rest is the structure in the example 6; group 3 is the guard plate in example 8; group 4 is the guard plate of example 1.
The protection plates of the 4 groups were respectively penetrated at an initial speed of 600m/s using a round-head projectile with a diameter of 8.08mm, and the protection plates were analyzed for their excellent properties from whether they were broken down, pit depth, projection height after the back-spring plate was shot, and damage degree of the back-spring plate, and specific data are shown in table 6:
table 6: penetration resistance parameter of 4 groups of composite protection plates
As can be seen from the data in table 6, in the case of a round-head projectile of 8.08mm diameter invading at an initial velocity of 600m/s, none of the above 4 sets of tests failed, wherein the two ceramic ball diameter test sets in the 4 th set had the shallowest pit depth, and the back-spring plate protrusion height and the force bearing area were not much different; therefore, the combination mode of the two ceramic balls has the best effect.
Example 10
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the composite protection plate with the non-equal diameter ceramic balls in the embodiment 10 comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at intervals up and down, a bullet-facing panel is 603 armor steel, a bullet-backing panel is 7039 aluminum alloy, and the composite protection plate has good bullet-proof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to actual engineering requirements. The panels were 24cm by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panels was 0.2cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 which is filled between two panels and is made of a high polymer viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material, and the ceramic balls are respectively a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 ceramic ball layers are sequentially 2 large-diameter ceramic ball layers, 2 small-diameter ceramic ball layers, 1 large-diameter ceramic ball layer and 2 small-diameter ceramic ball layers, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor equipment is manufactured by adopting a composite protective plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, wherein a panel close to a large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer panel, and the ceramic balls which are firstly anti-penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls 3.
When the penetration body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 5mm, and the ratio of the diameters of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 and the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 2.
In this embodiment 10, a method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-equal diameter ceramic balls includes the following steps:
(1) The core material is made of fusible high molecular viscoelastic material, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, a first special mold is manufactured, the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, middle panels for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters are inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; the box-shaped structure is also internally provided with a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for conveniently sequencing ceramic balls in a staggered way.
(2) Dividing ceramic balls into 4 groups, namely arranging 2 groups of large-diameter ceramic balls 3 and arranging 2 groups of small-diameter ceramic balls 4; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is 3;
(3) Placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of a first special die respectively, firstly placing a first group of large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel, and arranging the large-diameter ceramic balls layer by layer between the one side panel and the adjacent middle panel; after cooling, the middle panel is drawn out to finish pouring molding of the group 1 large-diameter ceramic ball layer;
(4) Placing the small-diameter ceramic balls of the 1 st group into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed large-diameter ceramic ball layer of the 1 st group and an adjacent middle panel, and after cooling, pumping out the middle panel to finish pouring forming of the small-diameter ceramic ball layer of the 1 st group;
(5) Placing the group 2 large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed group 1 small-diameter ceramic ball layer and the adjacent middle panel, and after cooling, pumping out the middle panel to finish pouring forming of the group 2 large-diameter ceramic ball layer;
(6) And finally, placing the group 2 small-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed group 2 large-diameter ceramic ball layer and the other side panel, and finishing processing after cooling.
In parallel tests conducted in example 1 and example 10, the protection plate of example 1 and example 10 was respectively penetrated with a round-head projectile having a diameter of 8.08mm at an initial velocity of 600m/s and with a flat-head projectile having a diameter of 8.08mm at an initial velocity of 600m/s, and the protection plate was analyzed for its excellent properties from whether the protection plate was broken down, the pit depth, the height of the projection after the back-spring plate was sprung and the degree of damage to the back-spring plate, and specific data are shown in Table 7:
table 7: penetration resistance parameter of 2 groups of composite protection plates
As can be seen from the data in table 7, the ballistic resistant effect of the panel of example 1 was superior to that of the panel of example 10 in the case of a round-head projectile of 8.08mm diameter invading at an initial velocity of 600 m/s.
As can be seen from the data in table 7, the ballistic resistant effect of the panel of example 10 was superior to that of the panel of example 1 in the case of a flat shot of 8.08mm diameter invading at an initial velocity of 600 m/s.
Example 11
The composite protection plate with the non-equal-diameter ceramic balls comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and the ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at intervals up and down, a bullet-facing panel is 603 armor steel, a bullet-backing panel is 7039 aluminum alloy, and the composite protection plate has good anti-elastic performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to actual engineering requirements. The panels were 24cm by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panels was 0.2cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 which is filled between two panels and is made of a high polymer viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material, and the ceramic balls are respectively a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 ceramic ball layers are sequentially 2 large-diameter ceramic ball layers, 3 small-diameter ceramic ball layers and 2 large-diameter ceramic ball layers, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The composite protection plate with non-equal diameter ceramic balls is adopted to manufacture the external protection layer of the armored equipment, wherein the panel close to the large diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer panel, the ceramic balls which are firstly anti-penetration are large diameter ceramic balls 3, namely, the two side panels can be used as the outer panels in the embodiment.
When the penetration body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 5mm, and the ratio of the diameters of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 and the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 2.
Example 12
The embodiment 12 of the composite protection plate with the non-equal-diameter ceramic balls comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and the ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at intervals up and down, a bullet-facing panel is 603 armor steel, a bullet-backing panel is 7039 aluminum alloy, and the composite protection plate has good anti-elastic performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to actual engineering requirements. The panels were 24cm by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panels was 0.2cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 which is filled between two panels and is made of a high polymer viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material, and the ceramic balls are respectively a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 ceramic ball layers are sequentially 1 large-diameter ceramic ball layer, 2 small-diameter ceramic ball layers, 1 large-diameter ceramic ball layer, 2 small-diameter ceramic ball layers and 1 large-diameter ceramic ball layer, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameters of ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor equipment is manufactured by adopting a composite protective plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, wherein a panel close to a large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer panel, and the ceramic balls which are firstly anti-penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls 3.
When the penetration body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 5mm, and the ratio of the diameters of the large diameter ceramic balls 3 and the small diameter ceramic balls 4 is 2.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various equivalent changes can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the equivalent changes belong to the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. The various possible combinations of the invention are not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a compound guard plate with non-constant diameter ceramic ball which characterized in that: the ceramic composite panel comprises upper and lower panels (1), a whole core material (2) filled between the panels and made of high polymer viscoelastic materials, wherein 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material, the ceramic balls which are firstly resistant to bullet penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls (3), the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic balls (3) is 10mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic balls (4) is 5mm; when the bullet is a round-head bullet, 3 layers of large-diameter ceramic balls and 4 layers of small-diameter ceramic balls are sequentially arranged along the penetration resisting direction, and the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic balls (3) is 0.8-1.
2. The utility model provides a compound guard plate with non-constant diameter ceramic ball which characterized in that: the ceramic composite panel comprises upper and lower panels (1), a whole core material (2) filled between the panels and made of high polymer viscoelastic materials, wherein 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein 2 ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material, the ceramic balls which are firstly resistant to bullet penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls (3), the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic balls (3) is 10mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic balls (4) is 5mm; when the bullet is a flat-head bullet, 2 layers of large-diameter ceramic ball layers, 2 layers of small-diameter ceramic ball layers, 1 layer of large-diameter ceramic ball layers and 2 layers of small-diameter ceramic ball layers are sequentially arranged along the penetration resisting direction, and the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball (3) is 0.8-1.
3. Use of a composite shield with non-constant diameter ceramic balls according to any of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: and manufacturing an external protective layer of the armor equipment by adopting a composite protective plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, wherein a panel close to the large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer side panel.
4. A method of manufacturing a composite shield plate with non-constant diameter ceramic balls according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) The method comprises the steps that a fusible high-molecular viscoelastic material is selected as a core material, a first special die is manufactured, the first special die is of a box-shaped structure with one surface open, middle panels for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters are inserted into the box-shaped structure, and all the middle panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected;
(2) Dividing ceramic balls into m groups, wherein m is more than or equal to 2; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is m-1;
(3) Respectively placing the middle panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die, firstly placing the 1 st group of ceramic balls into the melted high polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the panel on one side of the die and the adjacent middle panel, and after cooling, removing the middle panel to finish pouring molding of the 1 st group of ceramic ball layers; turning to step (6) if the intermediate panel has been drawn out, and turning to step (4) if the intermediate panel has not been drawn out;
(4) Placing the ceramic balls of the group 2 into the melted polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed ceramic ball layer of the group 1 and an adjacent middle panel, and pumping out the middle panel after cooling to finish pouring and forming of the ceramic ball layer of the group 2;
(5) Placing the rest ceramic balls in the melted polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed adjacent ceramic ball layers and the adjacent middle panel, and after cooling, pumping out the middle panel to finish pouring forming of the ceramic ball layers; until the middle panel is completely drawn out;
(6) And finally, placing the ceramic balls in the m group into the melted high polymer viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the ceramic balls between the formed adjacent group of ceramic ball layers and the other side panel, and finishing the processing after cooling.
5. A method of manufacturing a composite shield plate with non-constant diameter ceramic balls according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of: the core material is made of fusible high molecular viscoelastic material, and a second special mold is made, wherein the second special mold is of a box-shaped structure with one side open, and all middle panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; and respectively placing the middle panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the second special die, sequentially placing all ceramic balls in the second special die, finally pouring the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special die, and removing the die after cooling to finish processing.
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