CN111912296A - Composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls and application and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls and application and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111912296A CN111912296A CN202010893863.1A CN202010893863A CN111912296A CN 111912296 A CN111912296 A CN 111912296A CN 202010893863 A CN202010893863 A CN 202010893863A CN 111912296 A CN111912296 A CN 111912296A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/02—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C39/021—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps
- B29C39/025—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles by casting in several steps for making multilayered articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/26—Moulds or cores
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
- F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
- F41H7/04—Armour construction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls, which comprises panels arranged up and down and a whole core material filled between the panels and made of high molecular viscoelastic materials, wherein at least 2 layers of ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, the ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein the core material is internally provided with at least 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, and the ceramic balls which firstly resist penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls. According to the invention, the ceramic balls with different diameters are staggered in the protective plate, so that the projectile body can deflect when being immersed at any angle; through set up the not equidimension diameter ceramic ball in the guard plate is inside, after the projectile body striking, the ceramic ball transmits the impact force rapidly for ceramic ball on every side to drive whole protection structure board and participate in the anti projectile body, the apparent improvement plate body is whole to participate in anti penetration wholeness performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a protection plate suitable for armor protection and ship construction, in particular to a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls and an application and manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Military and civil engineers have conducted a great deal of research on the phenomenon of high-speed penetration over the past century, and engineers engaged in armor protection research have devised ways to reduce the damage to protected structures and resist penetration of high-speed projectiles. With the continuous development of science, the impact resistance of some traditional materials can not meet the required requirements, so that various novel composite materials are produced, and the composite protection plate is one of the novel composite materials.
The existing methods for improving penetration resistance of the protective structure mainly comprise the following 3 methods:
1. the high-strength panel resists the impact of an elastomer, for example, patent CN201510104925.5 discloses a steel plate for high-elasticity armor and a manufacturing method thereof, which improves the hardness of the armor steel plate by changing the chemical composition method, thereby improving the penetration resistance; but also has the problems of overweight armor plate and the like.
2. By utilizing the energy absorption principle, the energy absorption layer made of the high-molecular elastic material is arranged in the middle layer of the sandwich plate, and the elastic body impacts the sandwich plate, so that the energy absorption layer deforms to effectively absorb the energy generated by impact; for example, the sandwich panel is manufactured by a way of gluing plates with each other, after a high-speed projectile body invades, shock waves, transmitted waves and reflected waves are generated, the sandwich panel usually generates the phenomena of layering, panel falling and the like, and the damage process can dissipate more energy, but has the defect that the structural integrity is seriously damaged, so that the secondary striking resistance is sharply reduced and even lost.
3. If a ceramic plate is arranged on the outer layer of the protective structure, a high-hardness ceramic material protective layer is added, and the ceramic plate can utilize the high hardness of the ceramic to abrade the projectile and even force the projectile to be broken, so that a good protective effect is achieved. In addition, a novel armor plate made of 6061 aluminum alloy restrained Al2O3 ceramic ball composite material is adopted in the prior art, the ceramic ball is restrained by using a metal matrix, the advantages of high hardness and high temperature resistance of the ceramic material are fully exerted, but the toughness of the ceramic material is insufficient, and the ceramic material has the similar problem with the ceramic plate.
In summary, although the structure of the current protection plate has various functions, the protection structure body is still too heavy and the secondary striking resistance is weak.
Therefore, it is desired to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a composite protection plate which increases the transmission path of force after the ceramic ball body is impacted by the arrangement of non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, enlarges the stress area and ensures that the composite protection plate has better penetration resistance; meanwhile, the elasticity of the core material is utilized to enable the ceramic balls after being hit to return to the original position, so that the secondary hitting can be borne, and the hitting times of the protection plate can be improved.
A second object of the invention is to provide an application of a composite protection plate based on ceramic balls with non-equal diameters.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a manufacturing method of the first composite protection plate with the non-equal-diameter ceramic balls.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a manufacturing method of a second composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls, which comprises panels arranged up and down and a whole core material filled between the panels and made of high molecular viscoelastic materials, wherein at least 2 layers of ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, the ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered way, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein the core material is internally provided with at least 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, and the ceramic balls which firstly resist penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls.
Wherein, the core material is internally provided with 2 ceramic balls with different diameters.
Preferably, the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic balls to the small-diameter ceramic balls is 1.3-2.5.
Moreover, the number of layers of the small-diameter ceramic balls is greater than that of the large-diameter ceramic balls.
Further, the core material has 3 kinds of ceramic balls with different diameters therein.
Preferably, the large-diameter ceramic ball layer, the medium-diameter ceramic ball layer and the small-diameter ceramic ball layer are arranged in this order along the penetration resistance direction.
Furthermore, the penetration body is a bullet, and the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball is 0.8-1.
The invention discloses an application of a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls, which is used for manufacturing an external protection layer of armor equipment, wherein a panel close to a large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an outer side panel.
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, a first special mold is manufactured, the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, a middle panel used for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters is inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected;
(2) dividing the ceramic balls into m groups, wherein m is more than or equal to 2; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is m-1;
(3) placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing the 1 st group of ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring the materials, pouring the materials between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the 1 st group of ceramic ball layers; if the middle panel is completely drawn, turning to the step (6), and if the middle panel is not completely drawn, turning to the step (4);
(4) putting the ceramic balls in the group 2 into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed group 1 ceramic ball layer and an adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the group 2 ceramic ball layer;
(5) putting the rest groups of ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the adjacent groups of ceramic ball layers and the adjacent middle panel after molding, and removing the middle panel after cooling to finish the pouring molding of the groups of ceramic ball layers; until the middle panel is completely drawn out;
(6) and finally, putting the ceramic balls of the m group into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed ceramic ball layers of the adjacent groups and the other side panel, and cooling to finish processing.
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of another composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps: the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, and a second special mold is manufactured, wherein the second special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, and all panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; and placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special mould respectively, then placing all the ceramic balls in the second special mould in sequence, finally pouring the molten high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special mould, and removing the mould after cooling to finish the processing.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) according to the invention, the ceramic balls with different diameters are staggered in the protection plate, so that the projectile body can deflect when being immersed at any angle; ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the protection plate, and after the projectile body is impacted, impact force is rapidly transmitted to the peripheral ceramic balls by the ceramic balls, so that the whole protection structure plate is driven to participate in resisting the projectile body, and the integral performance of the whole penetration resistance of the plate body is obviously improved;
(2) the ceramic balls with different diameters in the protective structural plate deflect the projectile body and enlarge the stress area of the structural plate, so that when the speed of the projectile body is higher than the ballistic limit speed, after a panel of the projectile body penetrates through the protective structural plate, the movement track of the projectile body is changed due to the action of the large and small ceramic balls, the overall impact resistance is reduced, a large amount of energy is reduced, and the protective structural plate still plays an important role in protecting a protective object behind the protective plate;
(3) the ceramic balls in the protection plate are wrapped and fixed by the core material made of the high-molecular elastomer material, are flexible constraints, are different from rigid constraints wrapped by a metal matrix in the prior art, and cannot elastically deform and absorb energy when the metal matrix wraps the ceramic balls; flexible body constraint is better than rigid constraint: when the elastomer is immersed, the core material is subjected to elastic-plastic deformation and absorbs energy, so that the positions of all the ceramic balls are driven to change slightly, and the whole protection plate integrally consumes energy; according to the invention, the ceramic ball is wrapped by the core material of the high-molecular elastomer material, and after the projectile body impacts once, the core material of the high-molecular elastomer material deforms and absorbs energy, so that the ceramic ball generates fine displacement; on one hand, the displacement of the ceramic ball consumes a large amount of impact energy of the projectile body, and the 'movement' of the ceramic ball is utilized to consume the energy and kinetic energy of the projectile body, so that the method is different from the prior art; on the other hand, the stress point of the projectile body is changed, and the movement direction is changed; after the projectile body invades for a period of time, the residual ceramic balls after being hit return to the original position through the elasticity of the core material of the high polymer elastomer material; when the next projectile body is penetrated, if the position of the projectile body is the same as the position of the previous projectile body incidence point, the ceramic balls which are not broken are impacted, the yawing still occurs, and the anti-striking times of the protection structure are effectively improved;
(4) the invention can improve the rigidity of the protection plate by selecting a proper sphere diameter and a proper sphere layer, thereby meeting the requirements of resisting different penetration bullets;
(5) according to the invention, the ceramic balls, the core material and the panel are cast and molded, and the panel is integrated through the solidification force in the core material casting and molding process, so that the layering is effectively prevented, the penetration body energy is integrally absorbed, and the penetration resistance is effectively increased;
(6) the protection plate has lighter weight and stronger protection capability under the condition of the same volume; the protection plate is simple to manufacture and low in cost, and can be widely applied to the protection fields of ships, armored vehicles and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of example 10 of the present invention;
FIGS. 5 to 7 are schematic views showing the process of penetration of the projectile into the protective plate according to example 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a first exclusive use jig in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a front view of a first special fixture in embodiment 10 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a front view of a second specialized mold of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a force diagram of the ceramic ball according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of single-layer ceramic balls according to the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a sectional view of example 8 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
The invention relates to a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls, which comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval, the panel can be made of a steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate, the panel facing a bullet can be made of 603 armored steel, and the panel facing a bullet can be made of 7039 aluminum alloy, so that the composite protection plate has better bulletproof performance and higher cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to the actual engineering requirements.
As shown in fig. 15, the core material 2 is a whole core material 2 made of a high molecular viscoelastic material and filled between two panels, at least 2 ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, the ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered manner, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein, the core material is internally provided with at least 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, and the ceramic ball which resists penetration first is a large-diameter ceramic ball 3. The penetration body is a bullet, and the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8-1. Wherein each row of ceramic balls in each layer is horizontally arranged and is parallel to the edge of the panel, and the rows are arranged in a staggered way.
When 2 kinds of ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the core material 2, the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic balls 3 to the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 is 1.3-2.5, and the number of layers of the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 is larger than that of the large-diameter ceramic balls 3.
As shown in fig. 14, when 3 kinds of ceramic balls having different diameters are provided in the core material 2, a large-diameter ceramic ball layer, a medium-diameter ceramic ball layer, and a small-diameter ceramic ball layer are arranged in this order along the penetration resistance direction. The small-diameter ceramic ball layer arranged behind the bullet mainly consumes the micro energy left after the bullet body passes through the large-diameter ceramic ball, and when the small-diameter ceramic ball layer is stressed, the force can be quickly transmitted, so that the stress on the panel of the back bullet is minimum finally. If the penetration body just hits one ceramic ball and the ceramic ball can uniformly transmit the acting force of the penetration body, the vertical acting force is F, and the ceramic ball crushing energy absorption and the polyurethane plastic stretching energy absorption are omitted. Namely, the force of the ball on the first layer is F, the force of each ball transmitted to the second layer is F/3, and the like, and if 4 layers are totally arranged, the force of each ball is transmitted to the ball on the 4 th layer, and the force of each ball is only F/12.
An outer armor layer of an armor apparatus is made using a composite armor plate having non-isodiametric ceramic balls, wherein the face plate adjacent to the layer of large diameter ceramic balls is the outer face plate.
The ceramic balls have various diameters, and impurities are distributed between the panel of the head-on bullet and the panel of the back bullet. The panel of the bullet-facing and the panel of the bullet-backing can be made of metal plates or polymer material plates. The core material wraps and fixes the ceramic ball, and after the core material is impacted by the elastomer, the macromolecule elastomer material matrix deforms and absorbs energy through plastic deformation, so that the ceramic ball generates fine displacement; after the projectile body invades for a period of time, the ceramic balls left after being hit can bear secondary hitting by returning to the original positions by utilizing the elasticity of the core material.
According to the invention, the ceramic balls with different diameters are arranged in the protection plate, so that when penetrating bodies (such as the projectile body 6) vertically hit the protection plate and the center of the first layer of ceramic ball, the projectile body must hit the edge of the ceramic ball when hitting the next layer due to the staggered arrangement of the ceramic ball layers, and the projectile body can deflect at the moment; when the projectile body vertically hits the protection plate and hits the edge of the first layer of ceramic balls, the projectile body deflects; when the projectile body obliquely hits the protection plate, the projectile body deflects after hitting the ceramic ball; the projectile body can deflect after being hit into the protection plate, when the ceramic balls are broken and the core material deforms to absorb a large amount of energy, the force borne by the ceramic balls is transmitted to the surrounding ceramic balls, and along with the continuous movement of the projectile body in the protection plate, the more the ceramic balls are stressed, so that almost all the ceramic balls and the elastic core body in the protection plate are driven to move and deform, and more kinetic energy of the projectile body is consumed in a short time; when the projectile body impacts the ceramic balls with small diameters in the protection plate, the probability that the projectile body hits the center of the ceramic ball is reduced, so that the deflection of the projectile body is enhanced, the number of the ceramic balls hit is increased, and the number of the ceramic balls spread to the ceramic balls is obviously increased; the deeper the projectile body enters the protection plate, the more the projectile body hits the ceramic balls, the larger the deflection of the angle occurs, and the longer the projectile body moves in the protection plate until most or even all kinetic energy of the projectile body is consumed, so that the projectile body is forced to greatly reduce the residual speed and even stop moving in the protection plate.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, a first special mold is manufactured, the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, a middle panel used for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters is inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for facilitating dislocation sequencing of the ceramic balls are also arranged in the box-shaped structure.
(2) Dividing the ceramic balls into m groups, wherein m is more than or equal to 2; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is m-1;
(3) placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing the 1 st group of ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring the materials, pouring the materials between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the 1 st group of ceramic ball layers; if the middle panel is completely drawn, turning to the step (6), and if the middle panel is not completely drawn, turning to the step (4);
(4) putting the ceramic balls in the group 2 into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed group 1 ceramic ball layer and an adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the group 2 ceramic ball layer;
(5) putting the rest groups of ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the adjacent groups of ceramic ball layers and the adjacent middle panel after molding, and removing the middle panel after cooling to finish the pouring molding of the groups of ceramic ball layers; until the middle panel is completely drawn out;
(6) and finally, putting the ceramic balls of the m group into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed ceramic ball layers of the adjacent groups and the other side panel, and cooling to finish processing.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the invention discloses another method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls, which comprises the following steps: the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, a second special die is manufactured, the second special die is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, all panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected, and a positioning block 7 for positioning the panels and a sequencing block 8 for facilitating staggered sequencing of the ceramic balls are further arranged in the box-shaped structure; and placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special mould respectively, then placing all the ceramic balls in the second special mould in sequence, finally pouring the molten high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special mould, and removing the mould after cooling to finish the processing.
In the invention, the projectile body firstly invades into the large-diameter ceramic ball in the core material and is decomposed in the small-diameter ceramic ball layer through the multiple layers of large-diameter ceramic ball layers. Considering the crushing energy absorption of the ceramic balls and the plastic stretching energy absorption of the core material, on one hand, a large amount of energy is consumed by the movement of the ceramic balls. On the other hand, the acting force of the projectile body is dispersed layer by layer, so that the acting force per unit area is reduced. Besides the small straight-through ceramic balls, the ceramic balls also have the functions of changing paths and crushing and absorbing energy. The ceramic balls are arranged in a plurality of layers, and the balls are arranged in a staggered manner from ball to ball, column to column and layer to layer, so that the ceramic balls can be hit when the projectile body invades from any angle direction. When the projectile penetrates the core material, the projectile punctures the ceramic balls and deflects, and the ceramic balls on the next layer enable the projectile to change the path again. If the projectile has energy to break down the ceramic ball layer again, the ceramic ball will again change the path of the penetration body. After the repeated movement, the bullet moves in the protective plate for a longer time, the hit ceramic ball is broken more and more, and the energy of the bullet is consumed more and more. After the projectile body invades for a period of time, the residual ceramic balls after being hit are returned to the original position through the core material of the high molecular elastomer material. When the next projectile penetration is carried out, if the position of the projectile penetration point is the same as that of the previous projectile incidence point, the ceramic ball which is not broken is impacted, and the yawing still occurs; effectively improve the anti-hitting times of the protective structure.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment 1, a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls includes a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, the panel 1 is arranged at an upper and a lower interval, the panel facing a bullet is made of 603 armored steel, and the panel facing a bullet is made of 7039 aluminum alloy, so that the composite protection plate has good bulletproof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to the actual engineering requirements. The size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panel is 0.2 cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 filled between two panels and made of a high molecular viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, and the core material is internally provided with 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, namely a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 layers of ceramic ball layers are 3 layers of large-diameter ceramic ball layers and 4 layers of small-diameter ceramic ball layers in sequence, the ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor device is made using a composite protective plate with non-isodiametric ceramic balls, wherein the face plate adjacent to the layer of large diameter ceramic balls is the outer face plate and the first penetration resistant ceramic balls are large diameter ceramic balls 3.
When the penetrating body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 5mm, and the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 to the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 2.
In this embodiment 1, a method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls includes the following steps:
(1) the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, and as shown in fig. 8 and 9, a first special mold is manufactured, wherein the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, a middle panel used for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters is inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for facilitating dislocation sequencing of the ceramic balls are also arranged in the box-shaped structure.
(2) Dividing the ceramic balls into 2 groups, namely, a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is taken as one group, and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is taken as the other group; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is 1;
(3) placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly putting large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring the materials, pouring the materials between one side panel and an adjacent middle panel, and arranging the large-diameter ceramic balls between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel layer by layer; after cooling, the middle panel is drawn off, and the pouring molding of the large-diameter ceramic ball layer is completed;
(4) and finally, putting the small-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the adjacent groups of ceramic ball layers and the other side panel after molding, and cooling to finish processing.
4 groups of parallel tests are designed under the condition of consistent length and width dimensions, and the quality of 4 groups of protective plates is determined to be the same by changing the thickness.
Respectively penetrating 4 groups of protection plates by using round-head projectiles with the diameter of 8.08mm at an initial speed of 600m/s, analyzing the excellence of the protection plates according to whether the protection structure is penetrated, the depth of a crater, the height of a raised part of a back bullet plate after being shot and the damage degree of the back bullet plate, wherein under the condition that other parameters are not different, the larger the damage degree radius of the back bullet plate is, the smaller the stress of a single point is, the better the protection performance is; the penetration resistance data for 4 groups of protective panels are shown in table 1:
table 1: penetration resistance parameters of 4 groups of protection plates
From the data in table 1, under the condition that round-head projectiles with the diameter of 8.08mm intrude at the initial speed of 600m/s, compared with the first 3 groups, the composite protection plate in the embodiment 1 obviously has the advantages of shallow depth of a crater, low back bulge and proper damaged area in the penetration resistance process, and the penetration resistance of the armor structure is improved to a great extent.
Example 2
Round-head bullets are selected as bullets and are subjected to penetration at an initial speed of 600m/s, and penetration resistance data of 4 groups of composite protection plates under the condition of changing bullet diameters are shown in a table 2:
table 2: penetration resistance data of 4 groups of composite protection plates under bullet diameter change
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the protective plate has the best effect of resisting the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic balls to the diameter of the projectile body of 0.8-1 times under the condition of the initial penetration of the projectile body at the speed of 600 m/s.
Example 3
7 sets of parallel tests were designed, and the ratios of the diameters of the large-diameter ceramic balls 3 to the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 were 3.3, 2.5, 2, 1.6, 1.3, 1.0, and 0.7, respectively, as in example 1, except that
The bullets were each subjected to 7 parallel tests using flat-head projectiles of 8.08mm diameter at an initial velocity of 600 m/s. The performance of the protection plate will be analyzed from whether the protection plate is punctured, the depth of the crater and the damage degree of the back elastic plate, and the penetration resistance parameters of 7 groups of composite protection plates are shown in table 3:
table 3: penetration resistance parameters of 7 groups of composite protection plates
As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the penetration resistance is good when the ratio of the diameters of the large-diameter ceramic balls to the small-diameter ceramic balls is in the range of 1.3 to 2.5 under the condition that the bullet intrudes at the initial velocity of 600 m/s.
Example 4
Designing 3 groups of parallel tests, wherein the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball in the group 1 is 8mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball is 4 mm; the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball in the group 2 is 12mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball is 6 mm; the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball in the group 3 is 10mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball is 5 mm; the rest of the procedure is the same as in example 1
Three groups of protection plates are respectively penetrated by round-head bullets with the diameter of 8.08mm at an initial speed of 600m/s, the excellence of the protection plates is analyzed from whether the protection plates are penetrated, the depth of a crater, the height of a raised part of a back bullet plate after being shot and the damage degree of the back bullet plate, and specific data are shown in a table 4:
table 4: penetration resistance parameters of 3 groups of composite protection plates
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the round-headed pellets of 8.08mm diameter were penetrated at an initial speed of 600m/s, and the large-diameter ceramic balls in group 3 had a diameter of 10mm and the small-diameter ceramic balls had a pit depth of 5mm, which was the shallowest, and the effect was the best.
Example 5
The structure of example 5 is the same as that of example 1, except for the method of manufacturing the guard plate.
The method for manufacturing the composite protection plate with the non-isometric ceramic balls in the embodiment 5 includes the following steps: the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, a second special die is manufactured, the second special die is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, all panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected, and a positioning block 7 for positioning the panels and a sequencing block 8 for facilitating staggered sequencing of the ceramic balls are further arranged in the box-shaped structure; and placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special mould respectively, then placing all the ceramic balls in the second special mould in sequence, finally pouring the molten high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special mould, and removing the mould after cooling to finish the processing.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 16, embodiment 6 is a composite protection plate with ceramic balls having equal diameters, which includes a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at an upper and a lower interval, the panel of the bullet-facing panel is 603 armored steel, and the panel of the bullet-backing panel is 7039 aluminum alloy, so that the composite protection plate has good bulletproof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to the actual engineering requirements. The ceramic ball is made of Al2O3 ceramic, and the diameter of the ceramic ball is 10 mm; the size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.1cm, wherein the thickness of the panel is 0.2 cm. The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 filled between two panels and made of a high molecular viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are coated in the core material, and the core material is internally provided with 1 ceramic ball with different diameters. The ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode. The ceramic balls are filled between the bullet receiving plate and the bullet backing plate and are fixed through the polymer elastomer material core material.
In the embodiment, the projectile body penetrates into the protection plate, the projectile body is firstly consumed by the projectile body facing panel, the projectile body is abraded, then the projectile body impacts the ceramic ball, the ceramic ball not only crushes and absorbs a large amount of energy of the projectile body, but also the spherical structure of the ceramic ball can change the trajectory of the projectile body; the speed of the projectile body in the invasion direction is decomposed, and the generated transverse speed increases the projectile body path; simultaneously, the core material is subjected to elastic deformation and plastic deformation, and energy of the elastomer is consumed; when the core material body absorbs energy and is stretched and deformed, the ceramic balls are slightly displaced; the displacement of the ceramic ball consumes a large amount of impact energy of the projectile body, and the 'movement' of the ceramic ball is utilized to consume the energy and the kinetic energy of the projectile body; the projectile body continues to move forwards, the arranged multilayer ceramic balls continuously break and abrade the projectile body, the trajectory of the projectile body is continuously changed, and the speed of the projectile body in the invasion direction is decomposed, so that the moving time of the projectile body on the protective structure plate is prolonged; thus, the bullet is seriously abraded by the large ceramic ball layer, and the residual energy is not much.
Example 7
5 groups of parallel tests are designed under the condition of consistent length and width dimensions, and the quality of 5 groups of protection plates is determined to be the same by changing the thickness.
Using round-head projectiles with a diameter of 8.08mm to penetrate 5 groups of protective plates respectively at an initial speed of 600m/s, the excellence of the protective plates will be analyzed from whether the protective plates are punctured, the depth of the crater, the height of the raised portion of the back plate after being shot and the degree of damage of the back plate, and the specific data are shown in table 5:
table 5: penetration resistance parameters of 5 groups of composite protection plates
From the data in table 5, it can be seen that, in the case that round-head projectiles with a diameter of 8.08mm intrude at an initial velocity of 600m/s, compared with the first group 3, the protection plate in example 6 has the advantages of shallow depth of a crater, low back protrusion, appropriate damaged area and the like in the penetration resistance process, and the penetration resistance of the armor structure is improved to a great extent.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 17, in this embodiment 8, a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls includes a panel 1, a core material 2, and ceramic balls, the panel 1 is arranged at an upper and a lower interval, the panel facing the bullet is made of 603 armor steel, and the panel facing the back bullet is made of 7039 aluminum alloy, so that the composite protection plate has good bulletproof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to the actual engineering requirements. The size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panel is 0.2 cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 filled between two panels and made of a high molecular viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, and the core material is internally provided with 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, namely a large-diameter ceramic ball 3, a medium-diameter ceramic ball 5 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 layers of ceramic ball layers are 2 layers of large-diameter ceramic ball layers, 2 layers of middle-diameter ceramic ball layers and 3 layers of small-diameter ceramic ball layers in sequence, the ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor device is made using a composite protective plate with non-isodiametric ceramic balls, wherein the face plate adjacent to the layer of large diameter ceramic balls is the outer face plate and the first penetration resistant ceramic balls are large diameter ceramic balls 3.
The diameter of the large-diameter ceramic balls 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the medium-diameter ceramic balls 5 is 7.5mm, and the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic balls 4 is 5 mm.
In embodiment 8, a method for manufacturing a composite guard plate with non-isometric ceramic balls includes the following steps:
(1) the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, a first special mold is manufactured, the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, a middle panel used for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters is inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for facilitating dislocation sequencing of the ceramic balls are also arranged in the box-shaped structure.
(2) Dividing the ceramic balls into 3 groups, namely, one group is large-diameter ceramic balls 3, one group is medium-diameter ceramic balls 5, and the other group is small-diameter ceramic balls 4; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is 2;
(3) placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly putting the large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring the materials, pouring the materials between the one-side panel and the adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the large-diameter ceramic ball layer;
(4) placing the medium-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed large-diameter ceramic ball layer and the adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to complete the pouring forming of the medium-diameter ceramic ball layer;
(5) and finally, putting the small-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed medium-diameter ceramic ball layer and the other side panel, and cooling to finish processing.
Example 9
4 groups of parallel tests are designed under the condition of consistent length and width dimensions, and the quality of 4 groups of protective plates is determined to be the same by changing the thickness. Group 1 is the guard plate of example 6; the 2 nd group is that the diameter of the ceramic ball is 5mm, the size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.3cm, and the rest is the same as the structure in the embodiment 6; group 3 is the guard plate of example 8; group 4 is the guard plate of example 1.
Using round-head projectiles with a diameter of 8.08mm to penetrate 4 groups of protective plates respectively at an initial speed of 600m/s, the excellence of the protective plates will be analyzed from whether the protective plates are punctured, the depth of the crater, the height of the raised portion of the back plate after being shot and the degree of damage of the back plate, and the specific data are shown in table 6:
table 6: penetration resistance parameters of 4 groups of composite protection plates
From the data in table 6, it can be seen that under the condition that round-head projectiles with diameters of 8.08mm invade at an initial speed of 600m/s, the above 4 groups of tests are not punctured, wherein the craters of the two ceramic ball diameter test groups in the 4 th group are the shallowest in depth, and the difference between the protruding height and the stressed area of the back spring plate is not large; therefore, the combination mode of the two ceramic balls has the best effect.
Example 10
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, in this embodiment 10, a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls includes a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, the panel 1 is arranged at an upper and a lower interval, the panel facing a bullet is made of 603 armored steel, and the panel facing a bullet is made of 7039 aluminum alloy, so that the composite protection plate has good bulletproof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to the actual engineering requirements. The size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panel is 0.2 cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 filled between two panels and made of a high molecular viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, and the core material is internally provided with 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, namely a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. 7 layers of ceramic ball layer are 2 layers of major diameter ceramic ball layer, 2 layers of minor diameter ceramic ball layer, 1 layer of major diameter ceramic ball layer and 2 layers of minor diameter ceramic ball layer in proper order, and crisscross setting between the ceramic ball of adjacent layer, the ceramic ball diameter of same layer is the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor device is made using a composite protective plate with non-isodiametric ceramic balls, wherein the face plate adjacent to the layer of large diameter ceramic balls is the outer face plate and the first penetration resistant ceramic balls are large diameter ceramic balls 3.
When the penetrating body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 5mm, and the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 to the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 2.
In this embodiment 10, a method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-equal-diameter ceramic balls includes the following steps:
(1) the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, and as shown in fig. 10 and 11, a first special mold is manufactured, wherein the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, a middle panel used for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters is inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; a positioning block 7 for positioning the panel and a sequencing block 8 for facilitating dislocation sequencing of the ceramic balls are also arranged in the box-shaped structure.
(2) Dividing the ceramic balls into 4 groups, namely arranging 2 groups of large-diameter ceramic balls 3 and arranging 2 groups of small-diameter ceramic balls 4; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is 3;
(3) placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing a first group of large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring the materials, pouring the materials between one side panel and an adjacent middle panel, and arranging the large-diameter ceramic balls between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel layer by layer; after cooling, the middle panel is drawn off, and the pouring molding of the 1 st group of large-diameter ceramic ball layers is completed;
(4) placing the small-diameter ceramic balls of the group 1 into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed large-diameter ceramic ball layer of the group 1 and an adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then removing the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the small-diameter ceramic ball layer of the group 1;
(5) placing the 2 nd group of large-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed 1 st group of small-diameter ceramic ball layers and the adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the 2 nd group of large-diameter ceramic ball layers;
(6) and finally, putting the 2 nd group of small-diameter ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the 2 nd group of large-diameter ceramic ball layer and the other side panel, and cooling to finish processing.
Parallel tests were performed with example 1 and example 10, and the protective panels of example 1 and example 10 were individually pierced with round-head projectiles of 8.08mm diameter at an initial velocity of 600m/s and with flat-head projectiles of 8.08mm diameter at an initial velocity of 600m/s, and the protective panels were analyzed for their superiority from whether they were pierced, the depth of the crater, the height of the projection of the back panel after being struck, and the degree of damage to the back panel, as specified in Table 7:
table 7: penetration resistance parameters of 2 groups of composite protection plates
From the data in Table 7, it can be seen that the ballistic effect of the protective panel of example 1 is superior to that of the protective panel of example 10 in the case where round-headed pellets having a diameter of 8.08mm invade at an initial velocity of 600 m/s.
From the data in Table 7, it can be seen that the ballistic effect of the protective panel of example 10 is superior to that of the protective panel of example 1 in the case of a flat-head projectile having a diameter of 8.08mm intruding at an initial velocity of 600 m/s.
Example 11
The composite protection plate with the non-isometric ceramic balls comprises a panel 1, a core material 2 and the ceramic balls, wherein the panel 1 is arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval, the panel facing the bullet is made of 603 armored steel, and the panel facing the back bullet is made of 7039 aluminum alloy, so that the composite protection plate has good bulletproof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to the actual engineering requirements. The size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panel is 0.2 cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 filled between two panels and made of a high molecular viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, and the core material is internally provided with 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, namely a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. The 7 layers of ceramic ball layers are 2 layers of large-diameter ceramic ball layers, 3 layers of small-diameter ceramic ball layers and 2 layers of large-diameter ceramic ball layers in sequence, the ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same.
The composite protection plate with the non-equal-diameter ceramic balls is adopted to manufacture an external protection layer of the armor equipment, wherein a panel close to the large-diameter ceramic ball layer is an external side panel, and the ceramic balls resisting penetration are large-diameter ceramic balls 3, namely the two side panels in the embodiment can be used as external side panels.
When the penetrating body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 5mm, and the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 to the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 2.
Example 12
In this embodiment 12, a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls includes a panel 1, a core material 2 and ceramic balls, the panel 1 is arranged at an upper and a lower interval, a panel for a bullet facing is 603 armored steel, and a panel for a bullet backing is 7039 aluminum alloy, so that the composite protection plate has good bulletproof performance and high cost performance; wherein the size and shape of the panel are determined according to the actual engineering requirements. The size of the panel is 24cm multiplied by 4.2cm, wherein the thickness of the panel is 0.2 cm.
The core material 2 is a whole core material 2 filled between two panels and made of a high molecular viscoelastic material, 7 ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, and the core material is internally provided with 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, namely a large-diameter ceramic ball 3 and a small-diameter ceramic ball 4. 7 layers of ceramic ball layer are 1 layer major diameter ceramic ball layer, 2 layers of minor diameter ceramic ball layer, 1 layer major diameter ceramic ball layer, 2 layers of minor diameter ceramic ball layer and 1 layer major diameter ceramic ball layer in proper order, and crisscross setting between the ceramic ball of adjacent layer, the ceramic ball diameter of same layer is the same.
The outer protective layer of the armor device is made using a composite protective plate with non-isodiametric ceramic balls, wherein the face plate adjacent to the layer of large diameter ceramic balls is the outer face plate and the first penetration resistant ceramic balls are large diameter ceramic balls 3.
When the penetrating body is a bullet, the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 0.8.
The diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 is 10mm, the diameter of the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 5mm, and the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic ball 3 to the small-diameter ceramic ball 4 is 2.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "middle", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention usually place when using, which are only used for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications can be made within the technical spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a compound guard plate with ceramic ball of inequality footpath which characterized in that: the ceramic ball sandwich structure comprises panels (1) arranged up and down and a whole core material (2) filled between the panels and made of high molecular viscoelastic materials, wherein at least 2 layers of ceramic ball layers are wrapped in the core material, the ceramic balls of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode, and the diameters of the ceramic balls of the same layer are the same; wherein, the core material is internally provided with at least 2 ceramic balls with different diameters, and the ceramic ball which resists penetration first is a large-diameter ceramic ball (3).
2. The composite armor panel having non-isometric ceramic balls of claim 1, wherein: the core material (2) is internally provided with 2 ceramic balls with different diameters.
3. The composite armor panel having non-isometric ceramic balls of claim 2, wherein: the diameter ratio of the large-diameter ceramic balls (3) to the small-diameter ceramic balls (4) is 1.3-2.5.
4. The composite armor panel having non-isometric ceramic balls of claim 2, wherein: the number of layers of the small-diameter ceramic balls (4) is greater than that of the large-diameter ceramic balls (3).
5. The composite armor panel having non-isometric ceramic balls of claim 1, wherein: the core material (2) is internally provided with 3 ceramic balls with different diameters.
6. The composite armor panel having non-isometric ceramic balls of claim 5, wherein: the large-diameter ceramic ball layer, the medium-diameter ceramic ball layer and the small-diameter ceramic ball layer are sequentially arranged along the penetration resistance direction.
7. The composite armor panel having non-isometric ceramic balls of claim 1, wherein: the penetration body is a bullet, and the ratio of the diameter of the bullet to the diameter of the large-diameter ceramic ball (3) is 0.8-1.
8. Use of a composite fender having non-isometric ceramic balls according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: an outer armor layer of an armor apparatus is made using a composite armor plate having non-isodiametric ceramic balls, wherein the face plate adjacent to the layer of large diameter ceramic balls is the outer face plate.
9. A method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
(1) the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, a first special mold is manufactured, the first special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, a middle panel used for separating ceramic ball layers with different diameters is inserted into the box-shaped structure, and the panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected;
(2) dividing the ceramic balls into m groups, wherein m is more than or equal to 2; the diameters of the ceramic balls in each group are the same, the diameters of the ceramic balls in adjacent groups are different, and the number of the middle panels is m-1;
(3) placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special die respectively, firstly placing the 1 st group of ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring the materials, pouring the materials between one side panel and the adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the 1 st group of ceramic ball layers; if the middle panel is completely drawn, turning to the step (6), and if the middle panel is not completely drawn, turning to the step (4);
(4) putting the ceramic balls in the group 2 into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed group 1 ceramic ball layer and an adjacent middle panel, cooling, and then drawing off the middle panel to finish the pouring forming of the group 2 ceramic ball layer;
(5) putting the rest groups of ceramic balls into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the adjacent groups of ceramic ball layers and the adjacent middle panel after molding, and removing the middle panel after cooling to finish the pouring molding of the groups of ceramic ball layers; until the middle panel is completely drawn out;
(6) and finally, putting the ceramic balls of the m group into the melted high-molecular viscoelastic material, uniformly stirring, pouring the mixture between the formed ceramic ball layers of the adjacent groups and the other side panel, and cooling to finish processing.
10. A method for manufacturing a composite protection plate with non-isometric ceramic balls according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: the core material is made of a meltable high-molecular viscoelastic material, and a second special mold is manufactured, wherein the second special mold is of a box-shaped structure with an opening on one surface, and all panels of the box-shaped structure are detachably connected; and placing the panels on the inner sides of the left panel and the right panel of the first special mould respectively, then placing all the ceramic balls in the second special mould in sequence, finally pouring the molten high-molecular viscoelastic material into the second special mould, and removing the mould after cooling to finish the processing.
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| CN114111454A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏科技大学 | Composite armor structure with inverted cone, and method of making and installing |
| CN114543593A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-27 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Embedded hard rock matrix composite bullet-resistant plate |
| CN115143840A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-10-04 | 刘泽平 | Ceramic combined type antiknock protector |
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