CN111910865A - Preparation method of capsule type high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decorative plate - Google Patents
Preparation method of capsule type high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decorative plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111910865A CN111910865A CN202010697335.9A CN202010697335A CN111910865A CN 111910865 A CN111910865 A CN 111910865A CN 202010697335 A CN202010697335 A CN 202010697335A CN 111910865 A CN111910865 A CN 111910865A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
- B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
- B29C67/242—Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete
- B29C67/243—Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete for making articles of definite length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
- E04F2290/045—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against fire
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
- E04F2290/045—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against fire
- E04F2290/046—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against fire with a facing or top layer for fire insulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a capsule-type high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decorative plate, which comprises the steps of preparing an inorganic composite heat-insulation fireproof filling layer and an inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, carrying out adhesive-pressing compounding on the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulation fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer in sequence to obtain a composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant, and naturally curing to obtain a final high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decorative plate; according to the invention, two inorganic composite material layers are superposed, inorganic glass fiber, wood fiber, a fire retardant and graphite powder are mixed in the external inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, glass fiber cloth is added in the middle of the board during pressing, the fire resistance and the strength of the decorative board are greatly improved, the internal inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer is mixed with magnesium oxide, iron oxide ore powder, mica powder, silicon ash powder, paraffin microcapsules and quartz sand, the hardness of the board is improved, the heat-insulating property is enhanced, and the decorative board has good wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building decoration plate preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a capsule type high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decoration plate.
Background
In recent years, the construction business of China is developed rapidly, and the living conditions and the working environment of urban and rural residents are greatly improved. However, most buildings in China have poor heat preservation and insulation and air tightness, and heating systems are backward, so that the energy consumption of the buildings in China is extremely high. According to statistics, the unit energy consumption of China is 4-5 times of the average level of the developed countries, the roof is 2.5-5.5 times, the external window is 1.5-2.5 times, and the air tightness of the door and window is 3-6 times, wherein the external wall energy consumption accounts for 50-60% of the total energy consumption, so that the building external wall heat insulation system has great significance for reducing the energy consumption of the building.
At present, the heat insulation structure of buildings in China mainly comprises an external heat insulation mode, an internal heat insulation mode and a sandwich heat insulation mode. Years of building energy-saving tests show that the advantages of the external heat-preservation mode are most obvious and gradually become the main form and development direction of wall heat preservation in China. The heat insulating material used in the present time is various, and mainly comprises rock wool, polystyrene foam plastics, foamed cement and the like. Among them, most of the heat insulating materials widely used in construction engineering are molded polystyrene boards (EPS), extruded polystyrene boards (XPS), polyurethane heat insulating systems (PU), and the like. As the market is sparsely managed, manufacturers have different qualities, and the heat preservation and fire prevention performance of most products can not reach the national standard. Especially, the fire caused by the substandard fire resistance of the heat-insulating material continuously occurs in China, which causes great damage to the life and property safety of people. The newly issued notice on further defining the requirements of fire-fighting supervision and management of the external thermal insulation material of the civil building by the ministry of public security further clearly specifies that the external thermal insulation material of the civil building must adopt a material with the combustion performance of A level. Although the EPS boards are flame-retardant to grade B2 by adding graphite to expanded polystyrene, the application requirements are still not met. Therefore, according to the fireproof and heat-preservation standard of buildings, the heat-preservation material meeting the integrated requirements of heat preservation, fire prevention and decoration is researched and developed by adopting corresponding process technology and is produced, so that the aims of low carbon, environmental protection, energy consumption reduction and life and property safety guarantee of people are fulfilled, and the method is imperative and urgent.
Patent application No. CN201210006484.1, the contents of which are: the invention relates to a fireproof flame-retardant composite heat-insulation decorative plate for an outer wall, which comprises a water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer, an organic-inorganic composite toughening layer and a flame-retardant heat-insulation layer, wherein the water-soluble non-combustible ceramic protective layer comprises the following components: slag micro powder, inorganic filler, redispersible latex powder, water glass, an auxiliary agent and gas-phase nano silicon dioxide; the organic-inorganic composite toughening layer is flame-retardant heat-preservation polymer mortar, and comprises the following components: the adhesive comprises a cementing material S, ceramic microspheres, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, redispersible latex powder, limestone powder and modified expandable graphite; the flame-retardant heat-insulating layer comprises the following components: modified expandable polystyrene and modified expandable graphite. The flame-retardant insulation board is installed on the wall surface in a mode of combining bonding and anchoring. The environment-friendly energy-saving type external wall flame-retardant heat-insulation board integrates various performances of controllable prefabrication and molding quality, construction assembly, heat insulation, fire prevention, water resistance, light weight, sound insulation, cracking resistance, hollowing resistance, falling resistance and the like.
Although the said patent can reach various performances, the hardness and strength of the decorative board are poor, and the decorative board is easy to wear and tear, and the worn decorative board is easy to damp and mildew, so that the internal performance of the decorative board is changed, and the service life is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the prior art proposed by the background technology is easy to wear, the worn decorative plate is easy to damp and mildew, the internal performance of the decorative plate is changed, and the service life is shortened, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a capsule type high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decorative plate comprises the following steps:
(a) heating PVC resin to 180-210 ℃ in a reaction kettle, keeping for 20-30 min until the PVC resin is melted, cooling to 60 ℃, adding magnesium oxide, iron oxide mineral powder, mica powder, silica fume powder and paraffin microcapsules, stirring until the mixture is completely mixed, adding ore sand or quartz sand, stirring until the mixture is colloidal, pouring the mixture into a mold for uniform paving and molding, pressing the mixture into a plate by a shaft roller, and demolding to obtain an inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer;
(b) heating PVC resin to 180-210 ℃ in a reaction kettle, continuing for 20-30 min until the PVC resin is molten, cooling to 60 ℃, adding inorganic glass fiber, wood fiber, flame retardant and graphite powder, continuing to stir for 20-35 min, adding defoaming agent, keeping the temperature to 60-65 ℃, continuing to stir for 15-25 min, adding pigment regulator, stirring uniformly, pouring into a mold to be tiled to half thickness, paving a layer of glass fiber cloth above, continuing to pour into the mixture to the required thickness, paving a layer of steel wire mesh on the surface, pressing the steel wire mesh into a plate by a shaft roller, demolding, placing the plate in a hot furnace, baking for curing, and cooling to obtain an inorganic composite fireproof surface layer;
(c) coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
(d) and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
Preferably, the raw materials in the step (a) are as follows according to weight fraction:
200 parts of PVC resin, 5-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-15 parts of iron oxide mineral powder, 10-20 parts of mica powder, 8-12 parts of silica fume powder, 5-8 parts of paraffin microcapsules and 50-68 parts of mineral sand or quartz sand.
Preferably, the raw materials in the step (b) are as follows according to weight fraction:
100-120 parts of PVC resin, 30-45 parts of inorganic glass fiber, 15-32 parts of wood fiber, 8-15 parts of flame retardant, 5-12 parts of graphite powder and 8-15 parts of defoaming agent.
Preferably, the pressure of the central roll in the (a) and the (b) is 8-10 Mpa, and the pressure of the die in the (c) is 15-20 Mpa.
Preferably, the diameter of the paraffin microcapsules in (a) is 2mm-5 mm.
Preferably, the average particle size of the ore sand or quartz sand in the step (a) is 15-18 meshes.
Preferably, the natural curing temperature in the step (d) is kept at 23-28 ℃, and the relative humidity of air is kept at 30-55%.
Preferably, the thickness of the inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer obtained in the step (a) is 10mm-15mm, the thickness of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer obtained in the step (b) is 4mm-6mm, and the thickness of the composite decorative plate obtained in the step (c) is 18mm-28 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects are obtained: the inorganic composite heat-insulation fireproof decorative plate is formed by superposing two inorganic composite material layers, inorganic glass fiber, wood fiber, a flame retardant and graphite powder are mixed in an external inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, glass fiber cloth is added in the middle of the plate when the plate is pressed, the flame retardance and the strength of the decorative plate are greatly improved, the internal inorganic composite heat-insulation fireproof filling layer is mixed with magnesium oxide, iron oxide mineral powder, mica powder, silica fume powder, paraffin microcapsules and quartz sand, the hardness of the plate is improved, the heat insulation performance is enhanced, the bonded and compacted decorative plate has good water resistance and wear resistance, the phenomenon that the filling layer of the decorative plate leaks outside after being worn for a long time is avoided, the flame retardance, the oxidation resistance and the service life are greatly reduced, and the decorative plate is easy to be.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of examples.
A preparation method of a capsule type high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decorative plate comprises the following steps:
(a) heating PVC resin to 180-210 ℃ in a reaction kettle, keeping for 20-30 min until the PVC resin is melted, cooling to 60 ℃, adding magnesium oxide, iron oxide mineral powder, mica powder, silica fume powder and paraffin microcapsules, stirring until the mixture is completely mixed, adding ore sand or quartz sand, stirring until the mixture is colloidal, pouring the mixture into a mold for uniform paving and molding, pressing the mixture into a plate by a shaft roller, and demolding to obtain an inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer;
(b) heating PVC resin to 180-210 ℃ in a reaction kettle, continuing for 20-30 min until the PVC resin is molten, cooling to 60 ℃, adding inorganic glass fiber, wood fiber, flame retardant and graphite powder, continuing to stir for 20-35 min, adding defoaming agent, keeping the temperature to 60-65 ℃, continuing to stir for 15-25 min, adding pigment regulator, stirring uniformly, pouring into a mold to be tiled to half thickness, paving a layer of glass fiber cloth above, continuing to pour into the mixture to the required thickness, paving a layer of steel wire mesh on the surface, pressing the steel wire mesh into a plate by a shaft roller, demolding, placing the plate in a hot furnace, baking for curing, and cooling to obtain an inorganic composite fireproof surface layer;
(c) coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
(d) and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
The raw materials in the step (a) are calculated according to the weight fraction as follows:
200 parts of PVC resin, 5-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-15 parts of iron oxide mineral powder, 10-20 parts of mica powder, 8-12 parts of silica fume powder, 5-8 parts of paraffin microcapsules and 50-68 parts of mineral sand or quartz sand.
The raw materials in the step (b) are calculated according to the weight fraction as follows:
100-120 parts of PVC resin, 30-45 parts of inorganic glass fiber, 15-32 parts of wood fiber, 8-15 parts of flame retardant, 5-12 parts of graphite powder and 8-15 parts of defoaming agent.
The pressure of the central roll in the step (a) and the step (b) is 8-10 Mpa, and the pressure of the die in the step (c) is 15-20 Mpa.
The diameter of the paraffin microcapsules in the step (a) is 2mm-5 mm.
The average particle size of the ore sand or the quartz sand in the step (a) is 15-18 meshes.
The natural curing temperature in the step (d) is kept at 23-28 ℃, and the relative air humidity is kept at 30-55%.
The thickness of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer obtained in the step (a) is 10-15 mm, the thickness of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer obtained in the step (b) is 4-6 mm, and the thickness of the composite decorative plate obtained in the step (c) is 18-28 mm.
Example 1
According to the method (a), the inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer is obtained by using 150 parts by weight of PVC resin, 5 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, 10 parts by weight of iron oxide mineral powder, 10 parts by weight of mica powder, 8 parts by weight of silica fume, 5 parts by weight of paraffin microcapsules and 50 parts by weight of mineral sand or quartz sand;
in the method (b), 100 parts of PVC resin, 30 parts of inorganic glass fiber, 15 parts of wood fiber, 8 parts of flame retardant, 5 parts of graphite powder and 8 parts of defoaming agent are used according to parts by weight to obtain an inorganic composite fireproof surface layer;
coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
Example 2
In the method (a), 200 parts of PVC resin, 10 parts of magnesium oxide, 15 parts of iron oxide ore powder, 20 parts of mica powder, 12 parts of silica fume powder, 8 parts of paraffin microcapsules and 68 parts of mineral sand or quartz sand are used according to parts by weight to obtain an inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer;
in the method (b), the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer is obtained by using 120 parts by weight of PVC resin, 45 parts by weight of inorganic glass fiber, 32 parts by weight of wood fiber, 15 parts by weight of flame retardant, 12 parts by weight of graphite powder and 15 parts by weight of defoaming agent;
coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
Example 3
According to the method (a), 175 parts of PVC resin, 7.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 12.5 parts of iron oxide mineral powder, 15 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of silica fume, 6.5 parts of paraffin microcapsules and 59 parts of mineral sand or quartz sand are used according to parts by weight to obtain an inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer;
in the method (b), the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer is obtained by using 110 parts by weight of PVC resin, 37.5 parts by weight of inorganic glass fiber, 23.5 parts by weight of wood fiber, 11.5 parts by weight of flame retardant, 8.5 parts by weight of graphite powder and 11.5 parts by weight of defoaming agent;
coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
Example 4
According to the method (a), 175 parts of PVC resin, 7.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 12.5 parts of iron oxide mineral powder, 15 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of silica fume, 6.5 parts of paraffin microcapsules and 40 parts of mineral sand or quartz sand are used according to parts by weight to obtain an inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer;
in the method (b), the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer is obtained by using 110 parts by weight of PVC resin, 37.5 parts by weight of inorganic glass fiber, 23.5 parts by weight of wood fiber, 6 parts by weight of flame retardant, 3 parts by weight of graphite powder and 11.5 parts by weight of defoaming agent;
coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
Example 5
According to the method (a), 175 parts by weight of PVC resin, 7.5 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, 12.5 parts by weight of iron oxide mineral powder, 15 parts by weight of mica powder, 10 parts by weight of silica fume, 6.5 parts by weight of paraffin microcapsules and 80 parts by weight of mineral sand or quartz sand are used to obtain an inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer;
in the method (b), the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer is obtained by using 110 parts by weight of PVC resin, 37.5 parts by weight of inorganic glass fiber, 23.5 parts by weight of wood fiber, 20 parts by weight of flame retardant, 15 parts by weight of graphite powder and 11.5 parts by weight of defoaming agent;
coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
The performance of the decorative boards prepared in different examples is as follows:
the combustion rating in the table is a rating under the national standard GB 8624-2012.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its efficacy, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a capsule type high-flame-retardant fireproof heat-insulation decorative plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) heating PVC resin to 180-210 ℃ in a reaction kettle, keeping for 20-30 min until the PVC resin is melted, cooling to 60 ℃, adding magnesium oxide, iron oxide mineral powder, mica powder, silica fume powder and paraffin microcapsules, stirring until the mixture is completely mixed, adding ore sand or quartz sand, stirring until the mixture is colloidal, pouring the mixture into a mold for uniform paving and molding, pressing the mixture into a plate by a shaft roller, and demolding to obtain an inorganic composite heat-preservation fireproof filling layer;
(b) heating PVC resin to 180-210 ℃ in a reaction kettle, continuing for 20-30 min until the PVC resin is molten, cooling to 60 ℃, adding inorganic glass fiber, wood fiber, flame retardant and graphite powder, continuing to stir for 20-35 min, adding defoaming agent, keeping the temperature to 60-65 ℃, continuing to stir for 15-25 min, adding pigment regulator, stirring uniformly, pouring into a mold to be tiled to half thickness, paving a layer of glass fiber cloth above, continuing to pour into the mixture to the required thickness, paving a layer of steel wire mesh on the surface, pressing the steel wire mesh into a plate by a shaft roller, demolding, placing the plate in a hot furnace, baking for curing, and cooling to obtain an inorganic composite fireproof surface layer;
(c) coating an adhesive on the upper surface and the lower surface of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, overlapping 2 inorganic composite fireproof surface layers and 1 inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer in the order of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer and the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer, enabling the surface of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer with the steel wire mesh to face the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer, and continuously pressing for 2-2.5 hours by using a mold until the surface is solidified to obtain a composite decorative plate;
(d) and (3) grinding and polishing the surface and the periphery of the composite decorative plate, spraying an antioxidant coating, naturally airing, and naturally curing for 7-10 days to obtain the decorative plate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the raw materials in the step (a) are calculated according to the weight fraction as follows:
200 parts of PVC resin, 5-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 10-15 parts of iron oxide mineral powder, 10-20 parts of mica powder, 8-12 parts of silica fume powder, 5-8 parts of paraffin microcapsules and 50-68 parts of mineral sand or quartz sand.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the raw materials in the step (b) are calculated according to the weight fraction as follows:
100-120 parts of PVC resin, 30-45 parts of inorganic glass fiber, 15-32 parts of wood fiber, 8-15 parts of flame retardant, 5-12 parts of graphite powder and 8-15 parts of defoaming agent.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the central roll in the step (a) and the step (b) is 8-10 Mpa, and the pressure of the die in the step (c) is 15-20 Mpa.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the paraffin microcapsules in the step (a) is 2mm-5 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the average particle size of the ore sand or the quartz sand in the step (a) is 15-18 meshes.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the natural curing temperature in the step (d) is kept at 23-28 ℃, and the relative air humidity is kept at 30-55%.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the inorganic composite heat-insulating fireproof filling layer obtained in the step (a) is 10-15 mm, the thickness of the inorganic composite fireproof surface layer obtained in the step (b) is 4-6 mm, and the thickness of the composite decorative plate obtained in the step (c) is 18-28 mm.
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