CN111898052B - WEB terminal online display method of lightweight BIM model - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a WEB terminal online display method of a lightweight BIM model, which comprises the following steps: 1) Performing multistage compression on BIM model data to obtain a light BIM model; 2) Storing data corresponding to the light BIM model into a database table; 3) Respectively optimizing the scene space and the components; 4) Through dynamic display and dynamic resource scheduling, the display of the BIM model is realized at the WEB end, and compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of improving the application range and the application value of the BIM model and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to application of a BIM model on a WEB terminal, in particular to an online display method of the WEB terminal of a lightweight BIM model.
Background
As the building industry introduced building information modeling technology (Building Information Modeling, BIM)), the use of BIM technology has evolved. At present, the project of electric power construction cannot be separated in our daily life, and the electric power engineering provides help for the demands of people, so that great convenience is brought to the people. However, problems also occur in this process, such as: the construction cost of the power engineering is high, the completion period is long, the number of workers is large, and the like, and if the current situation of the power engineering is not changed, the practical benefit of the power enterprise can be reduced. BIM technology is introduced in the process of power engineering construction, so that a solid foundation can be laid for power enterprises in the development process. The BIM model can optimize the division of the whole power engineering, lead the task module in the power engineering to be divided, reduce the benefit dispute among all the participants, optimize the task benefit distribution in the power engineering, promote the detail processing of the tasks in the power engineering to be more accurate, and lead the information management of the whole power engineering to be more systematic, dataized and integrated through the integrated analysis of the data in the power engineering.
The present BIM model is used as an information carrier in the construction industry, and the application value in the industry is highly accepted by governments and enterprises and is above the informationized tuyere in the construction industry under the support and encouragement of industry policies. However, because of the large amount of information carried by the BIM model, when a user views the BIM model, the user needs to install huge software and purchase high-performance computer equipment, and the huge software and equipment can only be opened in professional BIM software to use the data in the BIM model, so that the cost is high, and huge software manufacturers are basically foreign software and have certain building information risks. This has severely limited and restricted the wide application value of the BIM model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the WEB terminal online display method of the lightweight BIM model, which improves the application range and the application value of the BIM model.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
A WEB terminal online display method of a lightweight BIM model comprises the following steps:
1) Performing multistage compression on BIM model data to obtain a light BIM model;
2) Storing data corresponding to the light BIM model into a database table;
3) Respectively optimizing the scene space and the components;
4) And realizing the display of the BIM model at the WEB end through dynamic display and dynamic resource scheduling.
Further, the multi-stage compression specifically includes:
11 Respectively extracting attribute data and geometric bodies of the BIM model, and compressing;
12 For BIM models with the same geometry, sharing the same geometry;
13 Merging and compressing the grid data of the geometry through a compression algorithm;
14 The compressed attribute data and the grid data are recompressed through a compression algorithm.
Further preferably, the compression algorithm adopts SynLZ algorithm or QuickLZ algorithm.
Further, the data corresponding to the light BIM model comprises components and scenes, the components consist of a plurality of Mesh grids, the scene data consists of a plurality of components, the data corresponding to the light BIM model is stored in a database table in a data packet form, and the data packet comprises an index file, a metadata file and a view resource file.
Further, the step 3) specifically includes:
31 Using instance matching to subtract the component Mesh redundancy;
32 Space octree segmentation is carried out on the sub-scene to form a plurality of sub-scenes with different precision;
33 Respectively placing a large component and a small component in a scene space into different sub-scenes;
34 Calculating the component LoD by using a Mesh simplification algorithm to obtain components with different accuracies;
35 A simplified component, sub-scene, and component index to a database.
Furthermore, the method optimizes the scene space through two octree segmentation to form a plurality of sub-scenes with different sizes, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and performing X, Y, Z-direction segmentation on the scene space in the three-dimensional space to form eight sub-scenes, and performing X, Y, Z-direction segmentation on the eight sub-scenes respectively to finally form 72 sub-scenes.
Further, the dynamic display specifically includes:
401 Initiating loading of a global scene;
402 When the camera is switched to a certain part of the scene, searching for a corresponding sub-scene;
403 Displaying the corresponding components and details in the sub-scene.
The original scene space is divided into a plurality of sub-scenes with different precision, so that models with any size and scale can be dynamically scheduled, and models with various precision requirements can be displayed.
Furthermore, the global scene is a simplified global scene, only the external outline components with the size larger than the set threshold are displayed, and when the global scene is displayed, the internal components and the tiny components are not displayed, so that the influence on the overall display effect is small, and the global scene can be simplified.
Further, the dynamic resource scheduling specifically includes:
411 Judging whether components of a global scene or a sub scene corresponding to the camera are loaded, if yes, directly calling for display, otherwise, loading the corresponding components and then displaying;
412 Judging whether the number of the currently loaded components reaches a set threshold, if so, executing a step 413), otherwise, continuing to execute the step 411);
413 Releasing the memory resources occupied by the occluded member at the current camera angle and returning to execute step 411). When the loaded model exceeds the limit, the dynamic scheduler releases the resources, and the low-precision components are loaded, so that the resources can be effectively scheduled.
The shielded component is an invisible component, the visibility of the judging component can fully utilize the octree information of the space division, and the judging component is judged according to the distance between the visible component and the camera, and accordingly the component is loaded or hidden.
The dynamic display and the dynamic resource scheduling can realize progressive rendering, namely rendering display while loading, and rendering display can be performed without waiting for all data to be downloaded completely and completely loaded into the memory, so that the display speed is increased and the memory occupation is reduced. The visible object set is automatically calculated according to the current view angle of the user, relevant components are loaded according to the visible object set, and memory resources occupied by invisible objects are released, so that smooth display and operation experience of the visible objects of the user can be ensured.
Still further, in the step 34), the members with the number of enqueued vertices exceeding 10000 use a Mesh reduction algorithm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) According to the invention, the BIM model is compressed to obtain the BIM model with light data, and the on-line assembly display of the oversized BIM model at the WEB end is realized through scene space and component optimization, dynamic display and dynamic resource scheduling, so that the BIM model can be used independently of professional BIM software, and the application range and the application value of the BIM model are greatly improved;
2) The invention adopts multistage compression to realize the data light-weight process of the BIM model, can reduce redundant data to the greatest extent and improve compression efficiency on the premise of keeping necessary data of the BIM model;
3) The invention adopts dynamic display and dynamic resource scheduling to realize progressive rendering, namely rendering display while loading, and rendering display can be carried out without waiting for all data to be downloaded completely and completely loaded into the memory, thereby accelerating the display speed and reducing the memory occupation;
4) According to the invention, dynamic display and dynamic resource scheduling are adopted, the visible object set is automatically calculated according to the current view angle of the user, and related components are loaded according to the visible object set and memory resources occupied by invisible objects are released, so that smooth display and operation experience of the visible objects of the user can be ensured;
5) According to the invention, the original scene space is divided into a plurality of sub scenes with different precision through octree segmentation, and the sub scene management components and the components LoD can dynamically schedule models with any size and scale, have very high elasticity and elasticity, and can display models with various precision requirements;
5) The method supports a mainstream operation system (Windows, macOS, android, iOS) and a mainstream Web browser (IE 11, chrome, firefox, safari), and the flexible, efficient and rich three-dimensional model display can be realized on the Web browser and mobile equipment without plug-in installation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of optimizing a scene and a component;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an octree segmentation sub-scenario.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a WEB end online display method of a lightweight BIM model, which comprises the following steps:
1) Performing multistage compression on BIM model data to obtain a light BIM model:
2) Storing data corresponding to the light BIM model into a database table:
3) The scene space and the components are optimized respectively:
4) Through dynamic display and dynamic resource scheduling, the display of the BIM model is realized at the WEB end:
the invention mainly comprises two aspects: model transformation and display optimization.
Model transformation (one)
The original BIM model file can be used for displaying a WEB end after a series of processing, and mainly comprises two parts: model weight and data structuring.
The model is light-weighted and realized through multistage compression, and the specific process is as follows:
11 Respectively extracting attribute data and geometric bodies of the BIM model, and compressing;
12 For BIM models with the same geometry, sharing the same geometry;
13 Merging and compressing the grid data of the geometry through a compression algorithm;
14 The compressed attribute data and the grid data are recompressed through a compression algorithm.
Wherein the compression algorithm may employ SynLZ algorithm or QuickLZ algorithm.
The model is light-weighted to obtain a light-weighted BIM model, corresponding data of the BIM model are stored in a file fragment mode, the BIM model comprises components and scenes, the components consist of a plurality of Mesh grids, scene data consist of a plurality of components, the data are defined as data packets, the data are stored in a database table in the form of data packets, the data packets comprise index files, metadata files and view resource files, and the files describe the whole logic structure of the data packets in a JSON mode and comprise metadata, layout, views, display and the like.
The results generated by the data structuring, such as the corresponding component list, component attribute, etc. in the model are stored in the database table, and the data stored in the database table includes: model component list, component attributes, component hooking menu items, quality check codes, and planning node codes.
(II) display optimization
BIM model data consists of components that can be displayed, with unique Ids for association with component attributes. The component consists of a plurality of Mesh grids, and each Mesh grid is added with a material for controlling the display style of the Mesh grid.
The display optimization mainly includes a scene component optimization section and a display data management section.
As shown in fig. 2, the scene component optimizing part performs preprocessing on display data mainly by optimizing a scene and components, and specifically includes:
31 Using instance matching to subtract the component Mesh redundancy;
32 Space octree segmentation is carried out on the sub-scene to form a plurality of sub-scenes with different precision;
33 Respectively placing a large component and a small component in a scene space into different sub-scenes;
34 Calculating the component LoD by using a Mesh simplification algorithm to obtain components with different accuracies;
35 A simplified component, sub-scene, and component index to a database.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, performing octree segmentation twice on an original scene space optimizes the scene space to form a plurality of sub-scenes with different sizes, which specifically includes:
And performing X, Y, Z-direction segmentation on the scene space in the three-dimensional space to form eight sub-scenes, and performing X, Y, Z-direction segmentation on the eight sub-scenes respectively to finally form 72 sub-scenes. The Mesh reduction algorithm is used only for the members whose number of vertices exceeds 10000.
The use of octree splitting to place spatially adjacent components in the same sub-scene may speed up visibility culling, if the sub-scene is not within the camera's visibility range, none of its internal components is visible.
The display data management part realizes BIM model display of the WEB terminal through dynamic sub-scene display and dynamic resource scheduling,
The scene dynamic display specifically comprises:
401 Initiating loading of a global scene;
402 When the camera is switched to a certain part of the scene, searching for a corresponding sub-scene;
403 Displaying the corresponding components and details in the sub-scene.
The original scene space is divided into a plurality of sub-scenes with different precision, so that models with any size and scale can be dynamically scheduled, and models with various precision requirements can be displayed.
For a large model, the global scene of initial loading is a simplified global scene, and components and tiny components inside the global scene are not displayed and have little influence on the overall display effect, so that only external contour components with the size larger than a set threshold value can be displayed. When the camera is switched to a certain part of the scene and the detail is checked, the visible sub-scene is searched according to the position of the camera, and the local detail is displayed.
The number of loadable components and the number of Mesh in the browser are limited due to memory limitations. When the number of components and the number of meshes reach a certain number, resources of components which cannot be seen currently need to be released. When the next camera change again requires display, the data is reloaded. The dynamic resource scheduling specifically includes:
411 Judging whether components of a global scene or a sub scene corresponding to the camera are loaded, if yes, directly calling for display, otherwise, loading the corresponding components and then displaying;
412 Judging whether the number of the currently loaded components reaches a set threshold, if so, executing a step 413), otherwise, continuing to execute the step 411);
413 Releasing the memory resources occupied by the occluded member at the current camera angle and returning to execute step 411). When the loaded model exceeds the limit, the dynamic scheduler releases the resources, and the low-precision components are loaded, so that the resources can be effectively scheduled.
The shielded component is an invisible component, the visibility of the judging component can fully utilize the octree information of the space division, and the judging component is judged according to the distance between the visible component and the camera, and accordingly the component is loaded or hidden.
The dynamic display and the dynamic resource scheduling can realize progressive rendering, namely rendering display while loading, and rendering display can be performed without waiting for all data to be downloaded completely and completely loaded into the memory, so that the display speed is increased and the memory occupation is reduced. The visible object set is automatically calculated according to the current view angle of the user, relevant components are loaded according to the visible object set, and memory resources occupied by invisible objects are released, so that smooth display and operation experience of the visible objects of the user can be ensured.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. The WEB terminal on-line display method of the light BIM model is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Performing multistage compression on BIM model data to obtain a light BIM model;
2) Storing data corresponding to the light BIM model into a database table;
3) Respectively optimizing the scene space and the components;
4) The display of the BIM model is realized at the WEB end through dynamic display and dynamic resource scheduling;
The step 3) specifically comprises the following steps:
31 Using instance matching to subtract the component Mesh redundancy;
32 Space octree segmentation is carried out on the sub-scene to form a plurality of sub-scenes with different precision;
33 Respectively placing a large component and a small component in a scene space into different sub-scenes;
34 Calculating the component LoD by using a Mesh simplification algorithm to obtain components with different accuracies;
35 Saving the simplified components, sub-scenes, and component indexes to a database;
the method optimizes scene space through two octree segmentation to form a plurality of sub-scenes with different sizes, and specifically comprises the following steps:
performing X, Y, Z-direction segmentation on the scene space in the three-dimensional space to form eight sub-scenes, and performing X, Y, Z-direction segmentation on the eight sub-scenes respectively to finally form 72 sub-scenes;
the dynamic display specifically comprises:
401 Initiating loading of a global scene;
402 When the camera is switched to a certain part of the scene, searching for a corresponding sub-scene;
403 Displaying the corresponding components and details in the sub-scene;
the global scene is a simplified global scene, and only the external profile components with the size larger than a set threshold value are displayed;
the dynamic resource scheduling specifically comprises the following steps:
411 Judging whether components of a global scene or a sub scene corresponding to the camera are loaded, if yes, directly calling for display, otherwise, loading the corresponding components and then displaying;
412 Judging whether the number of the currently loaded components reaches a set threshold, if so, executing a step 413), otherwise, continuing to execute the step 411);
413 Releasing the memory resources occupied by the blocked member at the current camera angle, and returning to execute step 411);
in the step 34), the members with the number of the enqueued vertices exceeding 10000 use a Mesh simplification algorithm.
2. The method for online display of a WEB terminal of a lightweight BIM model according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage compression specifically includes:
11 Respectively extracting attribute data and geometric bodies of the BIM model, and compressing;
12 For BIM models with the same geometry, sharing the same geometry;
13 Merging and compressing the grid data of the geometry through a compression algorithm;
14 The compressed attribute data and the grid data are recompressed through a compression algorithm.
3. The method for online display of the WEB end of the lightweight BIM model according to claim 2, wherein the compression algorithm is SynLZ algorithm or QuickLZ algorithm.
4. The method for online display of a WEB terminal of a lightweight BIM model according to claim 1, wherein the data corresponding to the lightweight BIM model includes a component and a scene, the component is composed of a plurality of Mesh grids, the scene data is composed of a plurality of components, the data corresponding to the lightweight BIM model is stored in a database table in a form of a data packet, and the data packet includes an index file, a metadata file and a view resource file.
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