CN112634452B - Railway BIM model light weight method and device - Google Patents

Railway BIM model light weight method and device Download PDF

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CN112634452B
CN112634452B CN202011638230.2A CN202011638230A CN112634452B CN 112634452 B CN112634452 B CN 112634452B CN 202011638230 A CN202011638230 A CN 202011638230A CN 112634452 B CN112634452 B CN 112634452B
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model
bim
railway
monomer
information
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CN112634452A (en
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单洪政
李明春
徐震南
李如辉
丁晓强
孙翔
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Jiaxun Feihong Beijing Intelligent Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • G06T17/10Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/24Querying
    • G06F16/248Presentation of query results
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/29Geographical information databases

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Abstract

The invention discloses a railway BIM model light-weight method and a corresponding railway BIM model light-weight device. According to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM model, each building and equipment is divided into a plurality of independent monomer models; based on the monomer models concerned by each railway professional, the light weight processing is carried out on each monomer model to obtain a corresponding model file, so that the differentiation processing of the railway BIM model is realized. Meanwhile, the BIM model is efficiently processed in the railway operation and maintenance scene by combining the light-weight technology of the aspects of automatic model splitting, information compression, loading, rendering and the like.

Description

Railway BIM model light weight method and device
Technical neighborhood
The invention relates to a railway BIM model light-weight method, and simultaneously relates to a corresponding railway BIM model light-weight device, belonging to the technical field of building informatization.
Background
BIM (Building Information Modeling, building information model) is a digital information model of the full life cycle of a building. The method is applied to the railway, and based on three-dimensional building information, the visualization, comprehensive management, monitoring and data integration and sharing of the railway line can be realized. For management reasons, the railway BIM model is usually designed according to a railway line, so that the model quantity is relatively large, the processing process not only occupies more resources, but also is relatively slow. In order to apply the railway BIM model to a mobile terminal such as a tablet, a mobile phone, or the like, it is a common practice to lighten the model.
Aiming at the application of the railway BIM model in the operation and maintenance stage, the BIM using methods of different professional users are different, and meanwhile, the attention points of model information are also different: some pay attention to only information of equipment, some pay more attention to geometric information such as size of a model, and some pay more attention to properties such as materials of the model, so that a general BIM model light weight method cannot always meet the light weight requirements of all specialized models at the same time.
In China patent application number 201910801686.7, a railway BIM model light weight method and system based on component instance combination is disclosed. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a semantic information set in the BIM, including basic attributes, attribute sets and association relations of each component in the BIM, and combining repeated semantic information to obtain a simplified semantic information set; based on the simplified semantic information set, merging the geometric expressions associated with each component, and identifying the components with the same geometric shape and different positions according to the instance number to obtain a parameterized geometric expression model; converting the parameterized geometric expression model into basic geometric expression units such as points, lines, planes and the like which can be directly displayed by a computer based on a component merging discrete algorithm; and obtaining a light BIM model based on the basic geometric expression unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a railway BIM model light weight method.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a light-weight device for a BIM model.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a railway BIM model light weight method, including the steps of:
Dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models according to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM;
and (3) based on the monomer models concerned by each railway professional, carrying out light weight processing on each monomer model to obtain a corresponding model file.
Preferably, the method for dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models specifically comprises the following steps:
Decomposing each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM model into corresponding basic geometric bodies;
Combining the basic geometric objects logically in combination into one entity;
and combining the entities with adjacent, containing or overlapping relations after vertical projection into a monomer model.
Preferably, the method performs light weight processing on each monomer model based on model information required by each railway specialty to obtain a corresponding model file, and specifically comprises the following steps:
splitting geometric information and non-geometric information in model information of each monomer model;
Aiming at the current profession, only the geometric information and the non-geometric information of the entity concerned by the current profession are reserved;
compressing the geometric information of each monomer model;
and separately storing the geometric information and the non-geometric information to obtain a corresponding model file.
Wherein preferably, the compression process comprises the steps of:
setting a plurality of display layers for the current monomer model, and respectively and correspondingly generating geometric model files of all layers;
And removing edges smaller than the preset edge length and faces smaller than the preset curvature from the geometric model files of each layer.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
matching basic information of the monomer model for model files of the monomer models corresponding to each specialty;
and saving the model files and the basic information of the monomer models corresponding to the professions to the BIM server.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps of:
Designating the longitude and latitude of the BIM model reference point.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models according to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM model, and then:
And calculating longitude and latitude data of each monomer model according to the longitude and latitude of the BIM model reference point.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
The BIM client downloads model files and basic information of each monomer model required by the corresponding profession from the BIM server;
and the BIM client displays the model files and the basic information of the currently downloaded monomer models through loading and rendering according to the longitude and latitude data of the monomer models.
Preferably, the method displays the model files and the basic information of each currently downloaded monomer model through loading and rendering, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Loading according to the filtering conditions of the current monomer models;
calculating the entity shielding relation of each monomer model, and only rendering the entity part without shielding in each monomer model;
and calculating the current display area of each monomer model, and only rendering the entity part in the current display area.
According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a railway BIM model light-weight apparatus, including a BIM management terminal, a BIM server, and a BIM client; the BIM management terminal comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor reads a computer program in the memory and is used for executing the following operations:
Dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models according to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM;
and (3) based on the monomer models concerned by each railway professional, carrying out light weight processing on each monomer model to obtain a corresponding model file.
The method and the device for lightening the railway BIM model provided by the invention aim at different requirements of different professions of railways on the BIM model in the operation and maintenance stage, and realize the differentiation processing of the railway BIM model. Meanwhile, the BIM model is efficiently processed in the railway operation and maintenance scene by combining the light-weight technology of the aspects of automatic model splitting, information compression, loading, rendering and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a railway BIM model light weight method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a railway BIM model lightweight device provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a BIM management terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a monomer model light-weight process in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of automatic segmentation of a railway BIM model in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the railway BIM model light weight method provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:
101. Dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models according to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM; the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
1011. decomposing each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM model into corresponding basic geometric bodies;
in the present embodiment, each building and equipment along the railway refers to all elements in the BIM model. For example, all buildings in the BIM model are divided into individual rooms.
1012. Combining the basic geometric objects logically in combination into one entity;
And combining each layer of rooms of the same building into one entity.
1013. And combining the entities with adjacent, containing or overlapping relations after vertical projection into a monomer model.
In the embodiment of the invention, the distance between the entities with the proximity relation is smaller than the preset distance.
In the example, each layer of entity and accessory equipment of the same building are combined into a single model.
102. Based on the monomer models concerned by each railway professional, carrying out light weight processing on each monomer model to obtain a corresponding model file; the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
1021. Splitting geometric information and non-geometric information in model information of each monomer model;
1022. For the current profession:
1023. only the geometric information and non-geometric information of the entity concerned by the current profession are reserved;
1024. compressing the geometric information of each monomer model;
In the embodiment of the invention, the details are reserved for the entity concerned in the field, and the proper compression is carried out at the same time; for entities not of interest to the art, only the basic contours and appearances (basic geometric information) in the geometric information are preserved, and then compressed. The compression parameters corresponding to the compression of the geometric information of the entity not focused on in the art are different from the compression parameters of the geometric information of the entity focused on in the art.
For example, currently, a monomer model of professional interest is an equipment model, and a monomer model of no interest is an iron tower model; then all geometric and non-geometric information of the device model is retained; and (5) reserving geometric information of the iron tower model.
The compression process is as follows: setting a plurality of display layers for the current monomer model, and respectively and correspondingly generating geometric model files of all layers;
And removing edges smaller than the preset edge length and faces smaller than the preset curvature from the geometric model files of each layer.
In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of display layers are set for the model, and model files of corresponding layers are respectively generated. And each display layer respectively selects different parameters such as minimum size, minimum curvature and the like, and realizes the compression of the geometric information of the model by eliminating edges smaller than the minimum size and faces smaller than the minimum curvature in the geometric figure.
It should be noted that, the preset side length and the preset curvature in the compression parameters corresponding to the geometric information of the entity not focused on in the art are different from those of the entity focused on in the art.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the geometric information includes: information such as vertexes, triangular surfaces and the like; non-geometric information package: material, name, etc.
1025. And separately storing the geometric information and the non-geometric information to obtain a corresponding model file.
In the embodiment of the invention, the processed geometric information and non-geometric information are respectively stored in different files.
The railway BIM model light weight method further comprises the following steps:
103. matching basic information of the monomer model for model files of the monomer models corresponding to each specialty;
the basic information includes: railway line name, geographic location, specialty name, model name, level of detail, model thumbnail, etc.
104. And saving the model files and the basic information of the monomer models corresponding to the professions to the BIM server.
Before the step 101, the method may further include the following steps:
105. designating the longitude and latitude of the BIM model reference point.
After the step 101, the method may further include the following steps:
106. And calculating longitude and latitude data of each monomer model according to the longitude and latitude of the BIM model reference point.
In the embodiment of the present invention, all the operations in steps 101 to 106 are performed by the BIM management terminal, and before step 101 is performed, the full-line BIM model of the specified railway line needs to be selected and opened, and the specified model specifies the latitude and longitude of the reference point. The purpose of specifying the latitude and longitude of the reference point is to calculate latitude and longitude data of each monomer model. After longitude and latitude data of each monomer model are provided, each monomer model is conveniently displayed on a GIS map.
The railway BIM model light weight method further comprises the following steps:
the BIM client downloads model files and basic information of each monomer model required by the corresponding profession from the BIM server;
the BIM client displays the model files and basic information of the currently downloaded monomer models through loading and rendering according to the longitude and latitude data of the monomer models; the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
1081. Loading according to the filtering conditions of the current monomer models;
the filtering conditions include: floor, entity type, device name, etc.
1082. Calculating the entity shielding relation of each monomer model, and only rendering the non-shielding part of each monomer model;
1083. and calculating the current display area of each monomer model, and only rendering the entity part in the current display area.
In the embodiment of the invention, when a user opens a specified model on a BIM client, the BIM client downloads a related professional model file through a BIM server with information such as model name, professional name, detail hierarchy and the like, and performs lightweight loading and rendering of the model as required.
The following further details the railway BIM model light weight method provided by the embodiment of the invention with reference to examples:
Step 1, a BIM management terminal selects and opens a full-line BIM model of a specified railway line, and specifies the longitude and latitude of a model reference point;
step 2, the BIM management terminal firstly automatically divides all buildings and equipment along the railway into a plurality of mutually independent sub-models according to different geographic positions, and calculates longitude and latitude data of each model;
as shown in fig. 5, the method for automatically segmenting the model according to the geographic location includes the following steps:
step 2.1, decomposing the model into basic geometric bodies;
step 2.2. Combining the geometry logically having the combination relationship into one entity;
and 2.3, combining the entities with adjacent (distance can be set) and containing or overlapping relations in the vertical projection into a monomer model, thereby realizing the segmentation of the model.
Step3, the BIM management terminal performs light weight processing on the split monomer model according to the division characteristics of each specialty of the railway and aiming at the model information focused by different professions to generate different model files;
as shown in fig. 4, the model weight reduction processing method includes the steps of:
step 3.1, splitting the geometric information and the non-geometric information, and respectively processing the geometric information and the non-geometric information;
Step 3.2, for the entity (such as equipment and the like) focused in the field, reserving the geometric and non-geometric information of all models; for the entity (such as iron tower, etc.) which is not focused on in the field, only basic geometric information is reserved, and model geometric information is compressed;
and 3.3, storing the processed geometric information and non-geometric information in different files.
The compression method of the BIM terminal to the model geometric information comprises the following steps: and the geometric data (such as triangles) of the model surface are combined and simplified, so that the model precision is reduced, and the total amount of the geometric data is reduced.
Step 4, uploading the model file subjected to the light weight treatment to a BIM server by the BIM management terminal, and simultaneously storing the information such as the railway line name, the geographic position, the professional name, the model thumbnail and the like to the BIM server;
Step 5, the BIM client inquires all model information of the specified railway line from the BIM server, and displays model names and model thumbnails on the GIS map according to the model positions;
step 6, when a user opens a specified model on the BIM client, the BIM client downloads a related professional model file through the BIM server with information such as model name, professional name, detail hierarchy and the like, and performs model lightweight loading and rendering according to the requirement;
the model lightweight loading and rendering method of the BIM client comprises the following steps:
Step 6.1, carrying out layered loading according to the currently selected model filtering conditions, reducing loading information quantity and improving loading efficiency;
And 6.2, only rendering the part without shielding by calculating the shielding relation of the model entity, and improving the rendering efficiency by using layered rendering.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to implement the railway BIM model light weight method provided by the present invention, the present invention further provides a railway BIM model light weight device, which includes a BIM management terminal 21, a BIM server 22 and a BIM client 23; wherein,
The BIM management terminal 21 includes:
The processor 31 and the memory 32 may further include a communication component, a sensor component, a power component, a multimedia component, and an input/output interface according to actual needs. The memory, communication module, sensor module, power module, multimedia module and input/output interface are all connected with the processor 31. As mentioned above, the memory 32 in the node device may be a Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic memory, a flash memory, etc., and the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processor (GPU), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Digital Signal Processing (DSP) chip, etc. Other communication components, sensor components, power components, multimedia components, etc. may be implemented using common components found in existing mobile terminals and are not specifically described herein.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the hardware structures of the BIM server 22 and the BIM client 23 may be the same as that of the BIM management terminal 21, and are also composed of a processor and a memory.
On the other hand, in the above-described railway BIM model light-weight apparatus, the processor 31 of the BIM management terminal 21 reads the computer program in the memory 32 for performing the following operations:
Dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models according to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM;
and (3) based on the monomer models concerned by each railway professional, carrying out light weight processing on each monomer model to obtain a corresponding model file.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the BIM management terminal 21.bim server 22.bim client 23 communicates with each other through a network.
A BIM management terminal 21 for importing and converting a BIM model and uploading the converted model to a BIM server 22;
The BIM server 22 is configured to process upload, query, and download requests of the BIM client.
The BIM client 23 is configured to query and download the model from the BIM server 22, and complete the presentation of the model; BIM client 23 supports applications for different professional users of the railway.
Aiming at different requirements of different professions of railways on BIM models in the operation and maintenance stage, the invention realizes the differentiation processing of the railway BIM models. Meanwhile, the BIM model is efficiently processed in the railway operation and maintenance scene by combining the light-weight technology of the aspects of automatic model splitting, information compression, loading, rendering and the like.
The method and the device for lightening the railway BIM model provided by the invention are described in detail. Any obvious modifications to the present invention, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, would constitute an infringement of the patent rights of the invention and would assume the corresponding legal liability.

Claims (9)

1. The railway BIM model light weight method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models according to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM;
based on the monomer models concerned by each railway professional, carrying out light weight processing on each monomer model to obtain a corresponding model file;
the railway BIM model light weight method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a BIM management terminal selects and opens a full-line BIM model of a specified railway line, and specifies the longitude and latitude of a model reference point;
Step 2, the BIM management terminal automatically divides all buildings and equipment along the railway into a plurality of independent monomer models according to different geographic positions, and calculates longitude and latitude data of each monomer model;
step 3, the BIM management terminal subjects the segmented monomer model to light weight treatment according to the division characteristics of each railway specialty and aiming at the model information focused by different professions to generate different model files;
Step 4, uploading the model file after the light weight processing to a BIM server by the BIM management terminal, and simultaneously storing the railway line name, the geographic position, the professional name, the model name and the model thumbnail to the BIM server;
Step 5, the BIM client inquires all model information of the appointed railway line from the BIM server, and displays model names and model thumbnails on a GIS map according to model positions;
Step 6, when a user opens and designates the model on the BIM client, the BIM client downloads the model file of the relevant specialty through the BIM server with the model name, the specialty name and the detail level information, and performs light loading and rendering of the model as required;
The method for dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models specifically comprises the following steps:
Decomposing each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM model into corresponding basic geometric bodies;
Merging said basic geometries logically having a combination relationship into one entity;
Combining the entities which have adjacent, containing or overlapping relations after vertical projection into one monomer model.
2. The method for lightening the railway BIM model according to claim 1, wherein the lightening process is performed on each single model based on model information required by each railway specialty to obtain a corresponding model file, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
splitting geometric information and non-geometric information in model information of each monomer model;
Aiming at the current profession, only the geometric information and the non-geometric information of the entity concerned by the current profession are reserved;
compressing the geometric information of each monomer model;
and separately storing the geometric information and the non-geometric information to obtain a corresponding model file.
3. The railway BIM model light weight method of claim 2, wherein the compression process specifically includes the steps of:
setting a plurality of display layers for the current monomer model, and respectively and correspondingly generating geometric model files of all layers;
And removing edges smaller than the preset edge length and faces smaller than the preset curvature from the geometric model files of each layer.
4. The railway BIM model light weight method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
matching basic information of the monomer model for model files of the monomer models corresponding to each specialty;
and saving the model files and the basic information of the monomer models corresponding to the professions to the BIM server.
5. The method for lightweight of a railway BIM model according to claim 4, wherein the steps of dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent single models according to the geographical information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM model are further included:
Designating the longitude and latitude of the BIM model reference point.
6. The method for lightweight of a railway BIM model according to claim 5, wherein the steps of dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent individual models based on the geographical information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM model are further included:
And calculating longitude and latitude data of each monomer model according to the longitude and latitude of the BIM model reference point.
7. The railway BIM model light weight method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
The BIM client downloads model files and basic information of each monomer model required by the corresponding profession from the BIM server;
and the BIM client displays the model files and the basic information of the currently downloaded monomer models through loading and rendering according to the longitude and latitude data of the monomer models.
8. The method for lightening a railway BIM model according to claim 7, wherein the method for displaying the model file and the basic information of each currently downloaded monomer model through loading and rendering comprises the following steps:
Loading according to the filtering conditions of the current monomer models;
calculating the entity shielding relation of each monomer model, and only rendering the non-shielding part of each monomer model;
and calculating the current display area of each monomer model, and only rendering the entity part in the current display area.
9. A railway BIM model lightweight device is characterized by comprising: the BIM management terminal, the BIM server and the BIM client; the BIM management terminal includes: a processor and a memory, the processor reading a computer program in the memory for performing the following operations to implement the railway BIM model light weight method of claims 1 to 8:
Dividing each building and equipment into a plurality of independent monomer models according to the geographic information of each building and equipment along the railway in the BIM;
and (3) based on the monomer models concerned by each railway professional, carrying out light weight processing on each monomer model to obtain a corresponding model file.
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