CN111896231A - Device and method for calibrating extinction ratio tester with wide-range adjustable extinction ratio - Google Patents
Device and method for calibrating extinction ratio tester with wide-range adjustable extinction ratio Download PDFInfo
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 41
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 14
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to an extinction ratio tester calibrating device with an adjustable extinction ratio in a large range, which comprises a first light source with adjustable power, a second light source with adjustable power, a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a beam combining device, wherein the first polarizer is arranged on a light path of light emitted by the first light source, the second polarizer is arranged on a light path of light emitted by the second light source, the light emitted by the first light source is combined with the light emitted by the second light source passing through the second polarizer into a beam containing a pair of orthogonal polarized light in the beam combining device. The invention adopts different independent lasers to work respectively, can be suitable for narrow-spectrum lasers, can carry out more accurate calibration on an extinction ratio tester in the special application field, can control the working state of two paths of light sources respectively, has two stages of polarizers, can realize the continuous adjustment of the polarization degree in the range of 0-60dB, can also open the component of a certain polarization state at will, and can adopt a common optical power meter to carry out accurate power measurement, thereby determining the polarization state of output light.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, in particular to a calibration device and a calibration method for an extinction ratio tester with an adjustable extinction ratio in a large range.
Background
With the mature technology of polarization maintaining fiber and other polarization maintaining devices, no matter the sensing system or the optical communication system gradually adopts the optical polarization maintaining scheme, so that the sensing sensitivity and the communication capacity are greatly benefited, and the performance is greatly improved. At this time, it becomes indispensable to measure the polarization maintaining capability of the device, and the most common polarization maintaining capability measuring device is a polarization extinction ratio tester, also called a polarization crosstalk tester, and its measuring principle is that a measured optical signal is collimated by a lens in a spatial manner and then passes through a polarizer to be incident on an optical detector to be converted into an electrical signal, wherein the polarizer rotates to detect the light component sizes in different polarization directions. The device is influenced by the stress birefringence of the lens, the polarization detection capability of the polaroid and the polarization responsivity of the detector, and has high uncertainty on the test of the extremely high extinction ratio and the extremely low extinction ratio. However, in optical systems, especially in fiber-optic sensing applications, both very high and very low polarization indexes are desirable, which puts very high demands on the detection and measurement equipment. The general nominal extinction ratio detection capability of equipment on the market at present can reach 50dB, but the actual extinction ratio detection capability is difficult to reach 50dB and maintain stability, so that great uncertainty is brought to measurement; secondly, for depolarizers in fiber sensing applications, a degree of polarization below 0.1dB can theoretically be achieved, but a common problem is that a device capable of calibrating low degrees of polarization cannot be found.
The prior art 1 entitled as a method for realizing accurate adjustment of an extinction ratio value under the name of CN 104280212 provides a method for realizing accurate adjustment of an extinction ratio value, which utilizes a polarization beam splitting/combining principle to realize control of two paths of orthogonal polarized light and achieves the purpose of adjusting the extinction ratio value by adjusting the power of the two paths of polarized light. Prior art 1 still has the following disadvantages:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, in the prior art 1, the same light source is adopted for light splitting, and then two polarization states are combined together, so that the problem exists that the light source cannot adopt a coherent light source, namely the spectral width of a working light source cannot be narrow during metering, interference phenomenon can be generated when the light path adopts a narrow-band light source, so that the power is unstable, the metering cannot be normally carried out, and the method is not suitable for the application of actual working in a narrow-band range in communication;
secondly, the closed loop of the prior art 1 cannot independently switch on or off light in a certain polarization state, so that the highest extinction ratio which can be achieved is limited;
thirdly, although the starting point of the prior art 1 is still to change the powers of two beams of orthogonal polarized light to realize different extinction ratios, the attenuator and the insertion loss of the optical path need to be accurately measured in advance, and high repeatability needs to be maintained in the calibration process, which is difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the extinction ratio tester calibration device which can realize the continuous adjustment of the polarization degree in a large range, has simple operation and high repeatability, accurately measures the low polarization degree and the high polarization degree and has an adjustable extinction ratio in the large range, and solves the problems of narrow application range, unavailable narrow-spectrum light source, small adjustable range of the polarization degree, and large uncertainty caused by poor measurement complexity and repeatability in the prior art in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized in the following way, and the calibration device for the extinction ratio tester with the adjustable extinction ratio in a large range comprises: the light source device comprises a first light source with adjustable power, a second light source with adjustable power, a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a beam combining device, wherein the first polarizer is arranged on a light path of light emitted by the first light source, the second polarizer is arranged on a light path of light emitted by the second light source, the light emitted by the first light source is combined into a beam containing a pair of orthogonal polarized light by the first polarizer and the light emitted by the second light source passing through the second polarizer in the beam combining device.
Preferably, a first analyzer is disposed between the first polarizer and the beam combiner, and a second analyzer is disposed between the second polarizer and the beam combiner.
The invention also aims to provide a method for calibrating the extinction ratio tester with the adjustable extinction ratio in a large range, which comprises the following steps:
respectively turning on a first light source and a second light source for preheating, and respectively adjusting the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source;
step two, turning off the first light source, and measuring the power P1 at the output end of the beam combining device;
step three, turning on the first light source, turning off the second light source, and measuring the power P2 of the output end of the beam combining device;
step four, calculating to obtain the extinction ratio according to the formula extinction ratio PER being 10lg P1/P2;
and step five, adjusting the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source to be different values, and repeating the steps from the first step to the fourth step to obtain different extinction ratios.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the two lasers are naturally irrelevant, so that a narrow-spectrum laser can be adopted, the extinction ratio tester in the special application field can be more accurately calibrated, and if a light source with tunable wavelength is adopted, the extinction ratio values corresponding to different wavelengths can be more scanned and tested;
the working states of the two paths of light sources can be respectively controlled, and the two polarizers are arranged in the light path, so that the polarization degree in the range of 0-60dB can be realized;
and thirdly, because the two light sources can be controlled respectively, the component of a certain polarization state can be opened at will, and the common optical power meter is adopted to carry out accurate power measurement, thereby determining the polarization state of the output light.
The invention only needs to measure the power of the output end of the beam combining device without considering other factors, and has high measurement repeatability and accurate measurement.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creating any labor.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an extinction ratio tester calibration apparatus with a widely adjustable extinction ratio according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an extinction ratio tester calibration apparatus with a widely adjustable extinction ratio according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an extinction ratio tester calibration apparatus with an adjustable extinction ratio in a wide range, which includes a first light source with adjustable power, a second light source with adjustable power, a first polarizer, a second polarizer, a first analyzer, a second analyzer, and a beam combiner; the light emitted by the first light source is preset to be transmitted along the slow axis of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and is input into one input end of the beam combining device after sequentially passing through the first polarizer and the first polarization analyzer, and the light transmission axis directions of the first polarizer and the first polarization analyzer are consistent with the slow axis direction of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber; the light emitted by the second light source is preset to be transmitted along the slow axis of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and is input to the other input end of the beam combining device after sequentially passing through the second polarizer and the second polarization analyzer, the light transmission axis directions of the first polarizer and the first polarization analyzer are consistent with the slow axis direction of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and the light emitted by the first light source and the light emitted by the second light source are combined by the beam combining device to obtain a pair of orthogonal polarized light. The optical fibers used in this embodiment are all polarization maintaining fibers.
The first light source comprises a first light source body, a first isolator, a first splitter and a first driving circuit; the first light source body is electrically connected with the first driving circuit; an optical signal sent by the first light source body reaches a first splitter through a first isolator, the first splitter splits the optical signal into two paths, one path of the optical signal is transmitted to a first polarizer, the other path of the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through a first photoelectric conversion module, and the electric signal enters a first power closed-loop control circuit and reaches a first driving circuit; the second light source comprises a second light source body, a second isolator, a second splitter and a second driving circuit; the first light source body is electrically connected with the second driving circuit; and an optical signal sent by the second light source body passes through the second isolator to reach the second splitter, the second splitter splits the optical signal into two paths, one path of the optical signal is transmitted to the second polarizer, the other path of the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through the second photoelectric conversion module, and the electric signal enters the second power closed-loop control circuit and reaches the second driving circuit. The first power closed-loop control circuit and the second power closed-loop control circuit respectively have the function of stabilizing the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source, and the existing power closed-loop control circuit can be used.
The first light source body is electrically connected with a first control circuit for adjusting power, and the first control circuit is electrically connected with the first driving circuit so as to control the first light source body; the second light source body is electrically connected with a second control circuit used for adjusting power, and the second control circuit is electrically connected with the second driving circuit so as to control the second light source body. The first control circuit and the second control circuit are switches used for the first light source and the second light source, the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit are intermediate circuits used for amplifying signals, and the first control circuit, the second control circuit, the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit can be all realized by using the prior art.
The first light source body is electrically connected with a first temperature control circuit, the second light source body is electrically connected with a second temperature control circuit, and the first temperature control circuit and the second temperature control circuit are used for controlling temperature.
The method for realizing the wide-range continuous adjustment of the degree of polarization of the light source by using the device comprises the following steps:
step one, a first light source is taken, the first light source is started through a first control circuit, and the power of the first light source is adjusted.
And step two, taking the second light source, starting the second light source through a second control circuit, and adjusting the power of the second light source.
And step three, turning off the first light source, and measuring the power P1 at the output end of the beam combining device.
And step four, turning on the first light source, turning off the second light source, and measuring the power P2 of the output end of the beam combining device.
And step five, calculating the extinction ratio according to the formula, wherein the extinction ratio PER is 10lg P1/P2.
And step six, adjusting the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source to be different values, and repeating the steps from the first step to the fifth step to obtain output light with different polarization degrees.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, a preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an extinction ratio tester calibration apparatus with an adjustable extinction ratio in a wide range, which includes a first light source with adjustable power, a second light source with adjustable power, a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a beam combiner;
the beam combining device uses the 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitting polarizer described in the Chinese invention patent with the name of 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitting polarizer and the grant publication number of CN106932860A, and the 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitting polarizer has a polarization analyzing function, so that the first analyzer and the second analyzer are reduced in embodiment 2 compared with embodiment 1;
the light emitted by the first light source is transmitted along the slow axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber in advance, passes through the polarizer and then is input into the beam combining device; the second light source is preset to emit light which is transmitted along the fast axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the light emitted by the second light source is input into the beam combining device after passing through the second polarizer. Finally, the two are combined into a light beam containing a pair of orthogonal polarized lights in a beam combining device. The light transmission axis direction of the first polarizer is consistent with the slow axis direction of the polarization maintaining optical fiber; the direction of the light transmission axis of the second polarizer is consistent with the direction of the fast axis of the polarization maintaining optical fiber. The optical fibers used in this embodiment are all polarization maintaining fibers.
The first light source comprises a first light source body, a first isolator, a first splitter and a first driving circuit; the first light source body is electrically connected with the first driving circuit; an optical signal sent by the first light source body reaches a first splitter through a first isolator, the first splitter splits the optical signal into two paths, one path of the optical signal is transmitted to a first polarizer, the other path of the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through a first photoelectric conversion module, and the electric signal enters a first power closed-loop control circuit and reaches a first driving circuit; the second light source comprises a second light source body, a second isolator, a second splitter and a second driving circuit; the first light source body is electrically connected with the second driving circuit; and an optical signal sent by the second light source body passes through the second isolator to reach the second splitter, the second splitter splits the optical signal into two paths, one path of the optical signal is transmitted to the second polarizer, the other path of the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through the second photoelectric conversion module, and the electric signal enters the second power closed-loop control circuit and reaches the second driving circuit. The first power closed-loop control circuit and the second power closed-loop control circuit respectively have the function of stabilizing the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source, and the existing power closed-loop control circuit can be used. The first drive circuit and the second drive circuit are intermediate circuits for amplifying signals, and the first power closed-loop control circuit, the second power closed-loop control circuit, the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit can be realized by using the prior art.
The first light source also comprises a first optical switch and a first adjustable attenuator, and the optical signal is transmitted from the first splitter to the first polarizer after passing through the first optical switch and the first adjustable attenuator; the second light source also comprises a second optical switch and a second adjustable attenuator, and the optical signal is transmitted from the second splitter to the second polarizer after passing through the second optical switch and the second adjustable attenuator.
The first light source body is electrically connected with a first temperature control circuit, the second light source body is electrically connected with a second temperature control circuit, and the first temperature control circuit and the second temperature control circuit are used for controlling temperature.
The method for realizing the wide-range continuous adjustment of the degree of polarization of the light source by using the device comprises the following steps:
step one, a first light source is taken, the first light source is started through a first optical switch, and the power of the first light source is adjusted through a first adjustable attenuator.
And step two, taking the second light source, turning on the second light source through a second optical switch, and adjusting the power of the second light source through a second adjustable attenuator.
And step three, turning off the first light source, and measuring the power P1 at the output end of the beam combining device.
And step four, turning on the first light source, turning off the second light source, and measuring the power P2 of the output end of the beam combining device.
And step five, calculating the extinction ratio according to the formula, wherein the extinction ratio PER is 10lg P1/P2.
And step six, adjusting the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source to be different values, and repeating the steps from the first step to the fifth step to obtain output light with different polarization degrees.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. The calibration device is characterized by comprising a first light source with adjustable power, a second light source with adjustable power, a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a beam combining device, wherein the first polarizer is arranged on a light path of light emitted by the first light source, the second polarizer is arranged on a light path of light emitted by the second light source, the light emitted by the first light source is combined with the light emitted by the second light source passing through the second polarizer into a beam containing a pair of orthogonal polarized light in the beam combining device.
2. The apparatus for calibrating an extinction ratio tester with a widely adjustable extinction ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first analyzer is disposed between the first polarizer and the beam combiner; a second analyzer is arranged between the second polarizer and the beam combining device.
3. An extinction ratio tester calibration apparatus with a widely adjustable extinction ratio as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the first light source comprises a first light source body, a first isolator, a first splitter and a first driving circuit; the first light source body is electrically connected with the first driving circuit; an optical signal sent by the first light source body reaches a first splitter through a first isolator, the first splitter splits the optical signal into two paths, one path of the optical signal is transmitted to a first polarizer, the other path of the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through a first photoelectric conversion module, and the electric signal enters a first power closed-loop control circuit and reaches a first driving circuit; the second light source comprises a second light source body, a second isolator, a second splitter and a second driving circuit; the first light source body is electrically connected with the second driving circuit; and an optical signal sent by the second light source body passes through the second isolator to reach the second splitter, the second splitter splits the optical signal into two paths, one path of the optical signal is transmitted to the second polarizer, the other path of the optical signal is converted into an electric signal through the second photoelectric conversion module, and the electric signal enters the second power closed-loop control circuit and reaches the second driving circuit.
4. The calibration device for the extinction ratio tester with the adjustable wide range of extinction ratios as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first light source body is electrically connected with a first control circuit for adjusting power, and the first control circuit is electrically connected with the driving circuit to further control the first light source body; the second light source body is electrically connected with a second control circuit used for adjusting power, and the second control circuit is electrically connected with the driving circuit so as to control the second light source body.
5. An extinction ratio tester calibration device according to claim 3 wherein the first optical source further comprises a first optical switch and a first adjustable attenuator, the optical signal propagating from the first splitter through the first optical switch and the first adjustable attenuator to the first polarizer; the second light source also comprises a second optical switch and a second adjustable attenuator, and the optical signal is transmitted from the second splitter to the second polarizer after passing through the second optical switch and the second adjustable attenuator.
6. A calibration method using the calibration apparatus for an extinction ratio tester with a widely adjustable extinction ratio according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
respectively turning on a first light source and a second light source for preheating, and respectively adjusting the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source;
step two, turning off the first light source, and measuring the power P1 at the output end of the beam combining device;
step three, turning on the first light source, turning off the second light source, and measuring the power P2 of the output end of the beam combining device;
step four, calculating to obtain the extinction ratio according to the formula extinction ratio PER being 10lg P1/P2;
and step five, adjusting the power of the first light source and the power of the second light source to be different values, and repeating the steps from the first step to the fourth step to obtain different extinction ratios.
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| CN116633429A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-22 | 广州赛宝计量检测中心服务有限公司 | Calibrating device for polarization dependent loss tester |
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