CN111884305A - Power battery internal and external combined heating device - Google Patents
Power battery internal and external combined heating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111884305A CN111884305A CN202010855053.7A CN202010855053A CN111884305A CN 111884305 A CN111884305 A CN 111884305A CN 202010855053 A CN202010855053 A CN 202010855053A CN 111884305 A CN111884305 A CN 111884305A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of power battery heating, and discloses a combined heating device for internal and external parts of a power battery. The invention can rapidly heat the battery without damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heating of power batteries of electric automobiles, in particular to a combined heating device for the interior and the exterior of a power battery.
Background
The power battery of the electric automobile mainly adopts a lithium ion battery, and has the advantages of good power performance, high energy density, low self-discharge rate, long service life and the like. However, the performance of the lithium ion battery is poor in a low-temperature environment, which means that the available capacity and power can be greatly reduced, so that the driving mileage of the electric vehicle is shortened, and meanwhile, the charging time of the power battery in the low-temperature environment can be prolonged and even the battery can be damaged, so that the popularization of the electric vehicle in a region with low temperature is greatly limited.
At present, an effective method for improving the performance of the power battery of the electric automobile in a low-temperature environment is to heat the power battery. At present, there are mainly an external heating method and an internal heating method. The external heating is based on the vehicle thermal management technology, heat conduction from outside to inside is realized by high-temperature liquid or gas outside the power battery pack or the power battery module, an electric heating plate, a phase-change material, the Peltier effect and the like, certain requirements are installed on the structure of the power battery pack by the method, and the temperature gradient of the power battery is large during heating; the internal heating method is to heat the power battery by joule heat generated by passing current through the battery. Although the internal heating method has a faster heating speed and better temperature uniformity than the external heating method, it has higher requirements for charge and discharge conductors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide a combined heating device for the interior and the exterior of a power battery, which solves the technical problem of low heating efficiency of the interior of the battery in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a combined heating device for the inside and the outside of a power battery, which comprises an external heating source and an internal heating circuit, wherein the external heating source and the internal heating circuit work together to realize combined heating for the inside and the outside.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention combines the internal heating mode and the external heating mode to exert the advantages of the internal heating mode and the external heating mode, thereby realizing the efficient and nondestructive temperature rise of the power battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a heating structure diagram of an embodiment of a combined heating device for internal and external use in a power battery provided by the present invention;
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram illustrating the heating of an embodiment of the combined heating device for internal and external use in a power battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a block diagram of an internal heating circuit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic circuit diagram of one embodiment of an internal heating circuit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the heating of an embodiment of the present invention providing internal and external combination heating;
FIG. 4 is a charging circuit diagram of an embodiment of a wired charger;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention providing the integration of internal heating functionality in the wired charger of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a heating circuit provided by the present invention after integrating an internal heating function in the wired charger of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a charging circuit diagram of an embodiment of a wireless charger;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention providing the integration of internal heating functionality in the wireless charger of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a diagram of a heating circuit provided by the present invention after integrating an internal heating function in the wireless charger of fig. 7;
FIG. 10 is a circuit schematic of one embodiment of a motor and motor controller;
fig. 11 is a heating current diagram of an embodiment of an internal heating circuit according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10. an internal heating circuit 1, a heating inductor 2, a heating full-control device 3, a controller 4, a power battery 6, an external heating source 61, a PTC heater 62, a circulating pump 11, an inverter 12, a transformer 13, a rectifier bridge 21, a stator winding 22 and an inverter.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1a, the present invention provides a combined heating device for internal and external portions of a power battery, which includes an external heating source 6 and an internal heating circuit 10, wherein the external heating source 6 works together with the internal heating circuit 10 to realize combined internal and external heating of the power battery 4.
The embodiment combines the internal heating and the external heating, and realizes the rapid temperature rise of the power battery 4 under low energy consumption. Specifically, the battery is heated by high-frequency excitation in the internal heating mode, and the battery is heated by the external heating mode in an outside-in heat conduction mode by using the heating device, so that the rapid and balanced temperature rise of the battery is realized.
The heating form of the external heating source 6 may be: the heat source outside any battery collected by the electric automobile heat management system comprises PTC heat generation, heat generation of a radiator of the power converter, heat generation of a motor, heat generation of a special pump of an air conditioner, heat generation of a heating wire, heat generation of a water cooling plate, heat generation of a heating film and the like. If the PTC heater is adopted, the battery can be directly heated through the PTC heater, and the battery can also be heated by circulating water through the air conditioner water cooling liquid heated by the PTC heater, so that the purpose of heating the battery is indirectly realized. As shown in fig. 1b, in the present embodiment, the PTC heater 61 is used as an external heating source to heat the air-conditioning water-cooling liquid to heat the circulating water of the power battery 4, and the circulating pump 62 realizes circulation of the air-conditioning water-cooling liquid and circulation heating of the power battery 4.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2a, the internal heating circuit 10 includes a heating inductor 1, a heating full-control device 2 and a controller 3;
the heating inductor 1, the heating full-control device 2 and the power battery 4 are electrically connected in sequence to form an internal heating loop;
the controller 3 is electrically connected with the heating full-control device 2 and is used for controlling the on-off of the heating full-control device 2, so that the internal heating loop generates alternating current to heat the power battery 4.
In the embodiment, the heating inductor 1 is used for storing energy, and the heating full-control device 2 is controlled to enable electric energy to flow back and forth between the power battery 4 and the heating inductor 1 at a high frequency, so that lossless temperature rise of the power battery 4 under a high-frequency excitation current is realized. The controller 3 controls the on-off of the heating full-control device 2 to enable the internal heating loop to generate alternating current, and therefore alternating current lossless heating of the power battery 4 is achieved. Specifically, during heating, the controller 3 applies high-frequency trigger pulses to the heating full-control device 2, so that electric energy flows back and forth between the heating inductor 1 and the power battery 4, alternating current with controllable frequency and amplitude is generated to heat the power battery 4, heating of the power battery 4 before charging is achieved, and the problems that the performance of the charging power battery 4 is poor, the charging time is prolonged, the charging amount is insufficient and the like in a low-temperature environment are solved. The internal heating loop of the embodiment has simple structure and low cost, so the heating loop is suitable for popularization and application.
Specifically, fig. 2b shows a basic circuit schematic diagram of the internal heating circuit, in which the inductor L is a heating inductor 1, the fully-controlled devices are VT1, VT2, VT3, and VT4, the battery VB is a power battery 4, and the fully-controlled devices VT1 and VT4 are selected as the heating fully-controlled devices 2 to form an internal heating loop. It should be understood that the fully-controlled devices VT2, VT3 may also be selected as the heating fully-controlled device 2, and that one of the four fully-controlled devices may also be selected as the heating fully-controlled device 2.
Fig. 3 shows a heating schematic diagram of internal and external combined heating, in fig. 3, an inductor L is a heating inductor 1, a full-control device S5, a full-control device S6, a diode D2, and a diode D4 form a rectifier bridge 13, a full-control device S5 and a full-control device S6 are heating full-control devices 2, a battery VB is a power battery 4, and an internal heating loop is formed by the inductor L, the full-control device S5, the full-control device S6, the diode D2, the diode D4, and the battery VB; the external heating source adopts a PTC heater, the resistance PTC is a heating wire of the PTC heater, S11 is an external heating switch, the on-off of the external heating function is realized by the on-off of the external heating switch, and the heat generated by the PTC heater conducts heat conduction heating on the battery.
Preferably, the controller 3 controls the heating full-control device 2 to be switched on and off, specifically:
and controlling at least one heating full-control device 2 to be periodically switched on and off to generate alternating current.
The controller 3 controls the internal heating loop to generate alternating current to enable electric energy to flow back and forth between the power battery 4 and the heating inductor 1 at a high frequency, and the electric energy is periodically switched on and off at a certain frequency by controlling the heating full-control device 2 on the rectifier bridge 13. The generated oscillation current is shown in fig. 11, the horizontal axis represents time T, the vertical axis represents current I, T represents the oscillation period of the alternating current, and Im represents the amplitude of the alternating current.
The internal heating loop is controlled to generate alternating current, and the alternating current can be realized by controlling the periodic on-off of one heating full-control device 2 and controlling the normally-closed of the other heating full-control device 2; the synchronous periodic on-off of the two heating full-control devices 2 can also be controlled. Compared with the synchronous periodic on-off control of the two heating full-control devices 2, the periodic on-off power consumption of one heating full-control device 2 is controlled to be lower, and certainly, the generated heat is relatively lower, so that a corresponding control method can be selected according to specific requirements.
Preferably, the controller 3 controls the heating full-control device 2 to periodically turn on and off to generate an alternating current, specifically:
setting a set amplitude and a set frequency of the alternating current according to the actual temperature of the power battery 4;
setting a switching frequency according to the set frequency, and carrying out periodic on-off control on the heating full-control device 2 according to the switching frequency to generate alternating current;
judging whether the actual amplitude of the alternating current is smaller than the set amplitude or not, and if so, reducing the switching frequency of the heating full-control device 2; if the amplitude of the alternating current is larger than the set amplitude, the switching frequency of the heating full-control device 2 is increased until the actual amplitude of the alternating current is equal to the set amplitude.
The speed of the internal heating loop for heating the power battery 4 is related to the frequency and amplitude of the alternating current, and the frequency and amplitude of the high-frequency excitation alternating current for heating can be changed by changing the switching frequency of the heating full-control device 2. Therefore, the preferred embodiment first obtains the actual temperature of the power battery 4, and the actual temperature is obtained by detection, and the conventional battery energy management system BMS generally has a built-in temperature detection circuit, and thus can obtain the actual temperature from the BMS system through a communication method, and a temperature sensor can be additionally arranged, the temperature sensor is arranged on the power battery 4, and is electrically connected with the controller 3, so that the actual temperature of the power battery 4 can be obtained. After the actual temperature is obtained, the set amplitude and the set frequency of the alternating current are set according to the actual temperature, the switching frequency of the heating full-control device 2 is determined according to the set frequency, the heating full-control device 2 is controlled to be periodically switched on and off according to the determined switching frequency, the required high-frequency excitation alternating current can be generated, and the set heating speed is realized. Meanwhile, the actual amplitude and the set amplitude are compared, and the switching frequency of the heating full-control device 2 is subjected to feedback adjustment according to the comparison result, so that the control precision is improved.
Preferably, the internal heating circuit is integrated on a vehicle-mounted electrical appliance, a magnetic device in the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance is used as the heating inductor 1, and a full-control device in the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance is used as the heating full-control device 23.
Integrate inside heating circuit on original on-vehicle electrical apparatus, through reforming transform current on-vehicle electrical apparatus, integrate inside heating function on original on-vehicle electrical apparatus. The internal heating circuit of the power battery 4 is added on the basis of the original functions of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance, and a new electric appliance device does not need to be additionally added, so that the structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced. When the internal heating circuit is integrated on the vehicle-mounted electric appliance, the controller can be a built-in controller of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance or a separately arranged controller.
Preferably, the heating device further comprises an external inductor, the external inductor is electrically connected with the heating full-control device 2 after being connected with the heating inductor 1 in parallel, and the external inductor and the heating inductor 1 are jointly used for energy storage in the heating process.
If the energy storage capacity of the magnetic device in the vehicle-mounted electric appliance is not enough, an external inductor can be additionally hung to enhance the energy storage capacity.
Preferably, the controller 3 is further configured to:
and judging whether the heating condition is met or not at present, if so, switching to a heating mode, and if not, switching to a charging mode.
The controller 3 judges whether heating is needed or not before charging, if heating is needed, the heating mode is switched to the heating mode for heating, and if not, the charging mode is directly switched to. The heating conditions can be set according to actual conditions, for example, the heating conditions are set as temperature conditions: before charging, judging whether the detected temperature of the power battery 4 is higher than a set temperature, if so, directly charging, otherwise, switching to a heating mode for heating; and after heating, continuously monitoring the detection temperature of the power battery 4, judging whether the detection temperature of the power battery 4 is higher than the set temperature, if so, indicating that the temperature is heated to the set temperature, switching the charger to a charging mode, otherwise, continuously heating the power battery 4 until the temperature is heated to the set temperature, and then charging.
Preferably, the device also comprises a switching full-control device;
the heating inductor 1 is electrically connected with the heating full-control device 2 through the switching full-control device; the controller 3 is electrically connected with the switching full-control device and is used for controlling the switching of the switching full-control device, so that the heating inductor 1, the heating full-control device 2 and the power battery 4 are sequentially and electrically connected to form the internal heating loop.
Heating inductance 1 will realize being connected with the electricity of heating full accuse device 2, just can form inside heating loop together with power battery 4, if the heating inductance 1 of selecting just is connected with heating full accuse device 2 electricity when realizing the original function of on-vehicle electrical apparatus, so need not to increase and switch the full accuse device and can realize the internal heating, if there is at least one in the heating inductance 1 of selecting and does not directly be connected with heating full accuse device 2 electricity, then need add and switch the connection state of switching full accuse device to heating inductance 1 and switch, and then realize the switching of the original function of on-vehicle electrical apparatus and the function of charging. In a heating mode, the controller 3 controls the on-off of the switching full-control device to enable the heating inductor 1, the heating full-control device 2 and the power battery 4 to be electrically connected in sequence to form a charging circuit, and in an original function mode, the controller 3 controls the on-off of the switching full-control device to enable the heating inductor 1, the heating full-control device 2 and the controller 3 to be electrically connected in sequence according to the circuit connection mode of an original vehicle-mounted electric appliance to form an original circuit of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance.
It should be understood that the switching fully-controlled device and the heating fully-controlled device 2 can be implemented by any one or more fully-controlled devices, such as gate turn-off thyristors, electric field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors, wide bandgap devices, and the like.
Preferably, the number of the heating inductors 1 is at least one, and each heating inductor 1 is connected in series or in parallel and is electrically connected with the heating full-control device 2.
The number of the heating inductors 1 may be one, two or more. The number of the switching full-control devices and the specific circuit connection mode are determined according to the number of the selected heating inductors 1 and the specific connection structure of the heating inductors, and the selected heating inductors 1 are sequentially connected in series or in parallel through the switching full-control devices and then are electrically connected with the heating full-control devices 2.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted electrical appliance is a charger, and the charger includes an inverter 11, a transformer 12 and a rectifier bridge 13;
the inverter 11 is electrically connected with a preceding stage conversion circuit, the inverter 11, the transformer 12 and the rectifier bridge 13 are electrically connected in sequence, and the rectifier bridge 13 is electrically connected with the power battery 4;
and a magnetic device in the charger is used as the heating inductor 1, two full-control devices on a pair of diagonal bridge arms of the rectifier bridge 13 are used as the heating full-control devices 2, and the magnetic device in the transformer 12, the rectifier bridge 13 and the power battery 4 are sequentially and electrically connected to form the internal heating loop.
The charger provided in the present embodiment has a charging function implemented by an inverter 11, a transformer 12, and a rectifier bridge 13, in which the inverter 11 converts direct current input from a preceding stage conversion circuit into alternating current, the transformer 12 converts alternating current into voltage, and the rectifier bridge 13 converts the voltage-converted alternating current into direct current to charge a battery.
In the embodiment, a magnetic device in the charger is used as the heating inductor 1 for storing energy, and the heating full-control device 2 is controlled to enable electric energy to flow back and forth between the power battery 4 and the heating inductor 1 at a high frequency, so that lossless temperature rise of the power battery 4 under a high-frequency excitation current is realized. The heating function is realized mainly by the aid of electronic devices and circuit structures carried by the charger, an additional device for generating alternating current is not needed, and other excessive electronic components are not needed, so that the circuit structure is simple, the cost is low, and the charger is suitable for popularization and application. The embodiment makes full use of the magnetic device in the charger topology structure of the charger, namely, the heating inductor 1, and controls the improved rectifier bridge 13 on the side of the power battery 4 to generate the alternating current with controllable frequency and amplitude to heat the power battery 4, thereby realizing the heating of the power battery 4 before charging, and avoiding the problems of poor performance of the charging power battery 4 in a low-temperature environment, prolonged charging time, insufficient charging amount and the like.
It should be understood that the charger used in the present invention may be an on-board charger, a charging pile, a charger, a wireless charger, or an on-board circuit portion for wireless charging, etc.
Preferably, a magnetic device in the transformer 12 is used as the heating inductor 1.
The magnetic devices in the transformer 12 include a primary coil, a secondary coil, a resonant inductor, a filter inductor, and the like of the transformer 12. The primary winding, the secondary winding, the filter inductor and the resonant inductor of the transformer 12 are common magnetic devices in the charging circuit of the charger, and it should be understood that other magnetic devices may exist in the charging circuit and may also be used as the heating inductor 1.
When the internal heating loop is integrated in the charger, the heating inductor 1 is electrically connected with the heating full-control device 2 in the rectifier bridge 13 to form the internal heating loop together with the power battery 4, if the selected heating inductor 1 is electrically connected with the heating full-control device 2 in the rectifier bridge 13 when the charging function is realized, for example, when the secondary coil of the transformer 12 is selected as the heating inductor 1, the internal heating can be realized without adding a switching full-control device, if at least one selected heating inductor 1 is not directly electrically connected with the input end of the rectifier bridge 13, the switching full-control device needs to be added to switch the connection state of the heating inductor 1, and further, the switching between the heating function and the charging function is realized. In a charging mode, the controller 3 controls the on/off of the switching full-control device to enable the inverter 11, the transformer 12 and the rectifier bridge 13 to be electrically connected in sequence to form a charging circuit, and in a heating mode, the controller 3 controls the on/off of the switching full-control device to enable the heating inductor 1, the rectifier bridge 13 and the battery to be electrically connected in sequence to form an internal heating loop.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted electric appliance is a motor controller and an electric motor, the electric motor comprises a stator winding 21, and the motor controller comprises an inverter 22;
the stator winding 21 is electrically connected to the inverter 22;
and the winding in the stator winding 21 is used as the heating inductor 1, the full-control device in the inverter 22 is used as the heating full-control device 2, and the winding in the stator winding 21, the full-control device in the inverter 22 and the power battery 4 are electrically connected in sequence to form the internal heating loop.
In the embodiment, the vehicle-mounted electric appliance of the vehicle-mounted open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is adopted for integration of the heating function. In the embodiment, the vehicle-mounted open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is provided with three stator windings 21 and two inverters 22, and the three stator windings 21 can be simultaneously used as middle energy storage elements by controlling the full-control device of the inverter 22 to be switched on and switched off, so that the battery can be heated without damage. In the motor provided by the embodiment, the three stator windings 21 are directly electrically connected with the full-control device, so that the full-control device does not need to be added, and only the motor controller 3 needs to control the full-control devices of the two inverters 22, so that the working state of the motor is the same as the circuit structure shown in fig. 2 a. Specifically, the full-control devices VT1, VT2, VT3, VT4, VT5, VT6, VT7, VT8, VT9, VT10, VT11 and VT12 are controlled to be switched on and off, so that alternating current flowing into and out of the battery is generated, and the battery is heated.
In order to more clearly illustrate the selection of the heating inductor 1 and the connection manner of the switching fully controlled device and the heating inductor 1, the present invention is explained in detail below by taking several specific circuits as examples.
Fig. 4-6 are a first set of circuit diagrams. Specifically, fig. 4 shows a charging circuit of the wired charger, the charging circuit of the wired charger includes an inverter 11, a resonant inductor Lr, a resonant capacitor Cr, a transformer 12Tr, and a rectifier bridge 13, and the transformer 12Tr includes a primary coil and a secondary coil. The inverter 11 of the charging circuit is composed of four fully-controlled devices S1, S2, S3 and S4, the pre-stage conversion circuit 10 is electrically connected with the inverter 11 through an input capacitor Cin, the inverter 11 is electrically connected with the primary side coil through the resonance capacitor Cr and the resonance inductor Lr respectively, the secondary side coil is electrically connected with the input end of the rectifier bridge 13, the output end of the rectifier bridge 13 is electrically connected with the power battery 4VB, and two ends of the power battery 4VB are connected with a filter capacitor Co in parallel. The charging circuit is prior art, and the circuit connection and the working principle thereof are not described herein.
Fig. 5 is a circuit of an alternating current heating circuit inside the power battery 4 obtained by modifying fig. 4, wherein a dotted line part in fig. 5 is a circuit structure part of an original charging circuit, and a solid line part is a modified part. The resonant inductor Lr, the primary coil and the secondary coil form the heating inductor 1; the switching full-control device comprises a switching full-control device S7, a switching full-control device S8 and a switching full-control device S9; s5 and S6 are heating full control devices 2. The heating inductor 1 is electrically connected with the input end of the rectifier bridge 13 through the switching full-control device S7, the switching full-control device S8 and the switching full-control device S9; the switching full-control device S7, the switching full-control device S8 and the switching full-control device S9 are respectively electrically connected with the controller 3.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the secondary winding is electrically connected to the input end of the rectifier bridge 13 through the switching full-control device S7, a common end of the switching full-control device S7 and the rectifier bridge 13 is electrically connected to a common end of the excitation inductor Lm and the resonant capacitor Cr through the switching full-control device S8, and a common end of the switching full-control device S7 and the secondary winding is electrically connected to a common end of the resonant inductor Lr and the inverter 11 through the switching full-control device S9; the switching full-control device S7, the switching full-control device S8 and the switching full-control device S9 are respectively electrically connected with the controller 3.
When heating is needed, the switching full-control device S7 is switched off, the switching full-control devices S8 and S9 are switched on, and the primary coil, the secondary coil, the resonant inductor Lr, the rectifier bridge 13 and the battery VB are electrically connected to form an internal heating loop. By controlling at least one of the heating full-control devices S5 and S6 to be periodically switched on and off, alternating current with controllable amplitude and frequency is generated to heat the battery VB, and the heating function is realized.
Fig. 6 is a heating equivalent circuit diagram of the circuit of fig. 5 in a heating mode, and fig. 6 shows an internal heating loop formed by the primary coil, the secondary coil, the resonant inductor Lr, the rectifier bridge 13 and the battery VB in the heating mode.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the switching fully-controlled device further includes a switching fully-controlled device S10; the switching full-control device S10 is connected in series with the filter capacitor Co and then connected in parallel with the power battery 4.
The switching full-control device S10 is arranged, and when heating is needed, the switching full-control device S10 is switched off, so that the filter capacitor Co is prevented from influencing the alternating current.
FIGS. 7-9 are second set of circuit diagrams; specifically, fig. 7 shows a charging circuit of a conventional wireless charger, where the charging circuit of the wireless charger includes an inverter 11, a loose coupling transformer 12M, and a rectifier bridge 13, and further includes a filter inductor Lf1, a filter inductor Lf2, a filter capacitor Cf1, a filter capacitor Cf2, a transmission-side compensation capacitor C1, a reception-side compensation capacitor C2, a filter inductor L, a filter capacitor C0, and a loose coupling transformer 12M. The inverter 11 of the charging circuit is composed of four fully-controlled devices S1, S2, S3 and S4, the pre-stage conversion circuit is electrically connected with the inverter 11 through an input capacitor Cin, the transmitting side compensation capacitor C1 is connected with the filter capacitor Cf1 in series and then connected with the primary side coil in parallel, and the common end of the transmitting side compensation capacitor C1 and the filter capacitor Cf1 is electrically connected with the inverter 11 through the filter inductor Lf 1; the receiving side compensation capacitor C2 is connected in series with the filter capacitor Cf2 and then connected in parallel with the secondary side coil, the common end of the receiving side compensation capacitor C2 and the filter capacitor Cf2 is electrically connected with the input end of the rectifier bridge 13 through the filter inductor Lf2, the output end of the rectifier bridge 13 is electrically connected with the power battery 4VB through the filter inductor L, and the two ends of the power battery 4VB are connected in parallel with the filter capacitor Co;
fig. 8 is an internal ac heating circuit of the power battery 4 obtained by modifying fig. 7, wherein a dotted line part in fig. 8 is a circuit structure part of an original charging circuit, and a solid line part is a modified part. The filter inductor Lf2 is used as a heating inductor 1, and four full-control devices S5, S6, S7 and S9 are added, wherein S5 and S6 are used for heating the full-control device 2, and S7 and S9 are used for switching the full-control device. The switching full-control device S7 is connected with the filter capacitor Cf2 in parallel, and the switching full-control device S9 is connected with the filter inductor L in parallel; the switching full-control device S7 and the switching full-control device S9 are respectively electrically connected with the controller 3.
When heating is needed, the switching full-control devices S7 and S9 are closed, the inductor L in the charging circuit is short-circuited, the filter inductor Lf2, the rectifier bridge 13 and the power battery 4 are electrically connected to form an internal heating loop, and the battery VB is heated by controlling the heating full-control devices S5 and S6 to generate alternating current with controllable amplitude and frequency.
Fig. 9 is a heating equivalent circuit diagram of the circuit in fig. 8 in a heating mode, and in the heating mode shown in fig. 9, the filter inductor Lf2, the rectifier bridge 13 and the power battery 4 are electrically connected to form an internal heating loop.
When the wireless charging circuit in fig. 7 is improved, the filter inductor and the on-vehicle coil of the loosely coupled transformer 12M may also be used as the heating inductor 1. The selection and the number of the heating inductors 1 can be set according to specific requirements.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the switching fully-controlled device further includes a switching fully-controlled device S8; the switching full-control device S8 is connected in series with the filter capacitor Co and then connected in parallel with the power battery 4.
And a switching full-control device S8 is arranged, and when heating is needed, the switching full-control device S8 is switched off, so that the influence of the filter capacitor Co on the alternating current is avoided.
It should be understood that, when the internal heating loop is integrated in the motor of the electric vehicle or other vehicle-mounted electrical appliances, there is also a problem that the selected heating inductor 1 and the selected heating full-control device 2 do not have a direct electrical connection relationship in the original circuit, and a switching full-control device needs to be added to switch the states of the heating inductor 1 and the heating full-control device 2, so as to implement switching of different functional modes, the principle of which is the same as that in the above charger, and the specific circuit design is not described herein again.
Preferably, the internal heating circuit further comprises a direct current pulse heating loop, the external heating source is a PTC heater, a heating wire of the PTC heater is electrically connected with the power battery through a direct current heating full-control device, and a PTC controller of the PTC heater is electrically connected with the direct current heating full-control device and is used for controlling the direct current heating full-control device to be switched on and off at high frequency to generate direct current pulses flowing through the power battery, so as to realize internal heating of the power battery.
The internal heating loop is in an alternating current heating mode, the direct current pulse heating loop is additionally arranged on the basis of the internal heating loop, and the direct current pulse heating loop is different from the internal heating loop in that the direct current pulse heating loop adopts a direct current heating mode, and generates direct current pulses flowing through the power battery through high-frequency on-off of a direct current heating full-control device between the heating wire and the power battery, so that the internal heating of the power battery in another mode is realized.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an inside and outside heating device jointly in power battery which characterized in that, includes external heating source and internal heating circuit, external heating source with internal heating circuit works together, realizes inside and outside combined heating.
2. The combined heating device inside and outside a power battery as defined in claim 1, wherein the internal heating circuit comprises a heating inductor, a heating full-control device and a controller;
the heating inductor, the heating full-control device and the power battery are electrically connected in sequence to form an internal heating loop;
the controller is electrically connected with the heating full-control device and is used for controlling the heating full-control device to be switched on and off, so that the internal heating loop generates alternating current to heat the power battery.
3. The combined heating device for the inside and the outside of the power battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the controller controls the on and off of the heating full-control device, and specifically comprises:
the number of the heating full-control devices is at least one, and the at least one heating full-control device is controlled to be periodically switched on and switched off to generate alternating current.
4. The combined heating device for the inside and the outside of the power battery as claimed in claim 3, wherein the controller controls the heating full-control device to be periodically switched on and off to generate alternating current, and specifically comprises:
setting a set amplitude and a set frequency of the alternating current according to the actual temperature of the power battery;
setting a switching frequency according to the set frequency, and carrying out periodic on-off control on the heating full-control device according to the switching frequency to generate alternating current;
judging whether the actual amplitude of the alternating current is smaller than the set amplitude or not, and if so, reducing the switching frequency of the heating full-control device; and if the amplitude of the alternating current is larger than the set amplitude, increasing the switching frequency of the heating full-control device until the actual amplitude of the alternating current is equal to the set amplitude.
5. The combined heating device for the inside and the outside of the power battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the internal heating circuit is integrated on a vehicle-mounted electric appliance, a magnetic device in the vehicle-mounted electric appliance is used as the heating inductor, and a full-control device in the vehicle-mounted electric appliance is used as the heating full-control device.
6. The combined heating device for the inside and the outside of the power battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the heating inductors is at least one, and each heating inductor is connected in series or in parallel and is electrically connected with the heating full-control device.
7. The combined heating device inside and outside a power battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein the vehicle-mounted electric appliance is a charger including an inverter, a transformer and a rectifier bridge;
the inverter is electrically connected with the preceding stage conversion circuit, the inverter, the transformer and the rectifier bridge are sequentially electrically connected, and the rectifier bridge is electrically connected with the power battery;
and the magnetic device in the charger is used as the heating inductor, two full-control devices on a pair of diagonal bridge arms of the rectifier bridge are used as the heating full-control devices, and the magnetic device in the transformer, the rectifier bridge and the power battery are sequentially and electrically connected to form the internal heating loop.
8. The combined heating device inside and outside a power battery as defined in claim 5, wherein the onboard electrical appliances are a motor controller and an electric motor, the electric motor includes a stator winding, and the motor controller includes an inverter;
the stator winding is electrically connected with the inverter;
and the stator winding is used as the heating inductor, a full-control device in the inverter is used as the heating full-control device, and the stator winding, the full-control device in the inverter and the power battery are sequentially and electrically connected to form the internal heating loop.
9. The combined heating device for the inside and the outside of the power battery according to claim 5, wherein the internal heating circuit further comprises an external inductor, the external inductor is electrically connected with the heating full-control device after being connected in parallel with the heating inductor, and the external inductor and the heating inductor are jointly used for energy storage in the heating process.
10. The combined heating device for the inside and the outside of the power battery according to claim 1, wherein the internal heating circuit further comprises a direct current pulse heating loop, the external heating source is a PTC heater, a heating wire of the PTC heater is electrically connected with the power battery through a direct current heating full-control device, and a PTC controller of the PTC heater is electrically connected with the direct current heating full-control device and is used for controlling the direct current heating full-control device to be switched on and off at a high frequency to generate a direct current pulse flowing through the power battery, so as to realize the internal heating of the power battery.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2020100269901 | 2020-01-10 | ||
| CN202010026990.1A CN111181208A (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Charger integrated with alternating current heating function |
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| CN111884305A true CN111884305A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
| CN111884305B CN111884305B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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| CN202010026990.1A Pending CN111181208A (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | Charger integrated with alternating current heating function |
| CN202010855053.7A Active CN111884305B (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-08-24 | Power battery internal and external combined heating device |
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| CN112601297A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-02 | 北京理工大学 | Composite alternating current heating device for power battery |
| CN113291200A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-24 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Vehicle battery pack monitoring method and device |
| CN114537164A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-05-27 | 华为电动技术有限公司 | Power battery pack device, heating control system and electric automobile |
| EP4297269A4 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2024-04-03 | Huawei Digital Power Tech Co Ltd | Electric drive system, drivetrain, heating method, and electric vehicle |
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| CN113733988B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-10-17 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power battery heating method and device of electric automobile and automobile |
| CN111391710B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-10-23 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Vehicle working mode switching control method and device and vehicle |
| CN113506934B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2023-09-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Lithium battery heating system and heating method |
| EP4366117A1 (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2024-05-08 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Battery heating apparatus and control method and control circuit therefor, and power apparatus |
| CN116454475B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2024-02-13 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery heating circuit, control method and device thereof, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111884305B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
| CN111181208A (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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