CN113733986A - Battery self-heating device, control method thereof and vehicle - Google Patents

Battery self-heating device, control method thereof and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113733986A
CN113733986A CN202010478168.9A CN202010478168A CN113733986A CN 113733986 A CN113733986 A CN 113733986A CN 202010478168 A CN202010478168 A CN 202010478168A CN 113733986 A CN113733986 A CN 113733986A
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China
Prior art keywords
battery
battery pack
dcdc converter
bidirectional dcdc
capacitor
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Pending
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CN202010478168.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李武杰
莫旭杰
王兴辉
王超
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010478168.9A priority Critical patent/CN113733986A/en
Publication of CN113733986A publication Critical patent/CN113733986A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a battery self-heating device, a control method thereof and a vehicle. Wherein, this battery self-heating device includes: the heating circuit is connected with the battery pack; the energy storage module is connected with the heating circuit, and the heating circuit is arranged between the energy storage module and the battery pack; the energy storage module and the battery pack are charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode through the heating circuit, and the generated alternating current enables the internal resistance of the battery pack to generate heat. The embodiment of the application can greatly shorten the temperature rise time of the battery in the cold environment, so that the battery can recover the charging capacity in a short time.

Description

Battery self-heating device, control method thereof and vehicle
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a battery self-heating device, a control method thereof and a vehicle with the battery self-heating device.
Background
The battery is used as a power source and is widely used in energy systems of pure electric series and hybrid power train types. However, the external characteristics of the power battery are affected by the low-temperature environment temperature, the endurance mileage is reduced, lithium deposition occurs during the dc charging process, permanent damage is caused to the battery, and the service life and capacity of the battery are reduced. Therefore, in a low-temperature environment, before the battery is used, especially before low-temperature charging, the battery needs to be heated to raise the temperature so that the charging capability of the battery is recovered to be normal.
In the related art, a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating scheme is generally adopted, that is, a PTC heating water path is used to circularly transfer heat to a battery through the water path, so that the Temperature of the battery module increases from the outer casing to the inner casing and from the outer casing to the inner casing, and a schematic diagram of the PTC heating scheme is shown in fig. 1. However, the battery is indirectly heated by the PTC heating water path, and the temperature rise time is long, which results in low heat exchange efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present application is to solve at least to some extent one of the above mentioned technical problems.
To this end, a first object of the present application is to propose a battery self-heating device. The battery self-heating device can greatly shorten the temperature rise time of the battery in a cold environment, so that the battery can recover the charging capability in a short time.
A second object of the present application is to provide a control method of a battery self-heating device.
A third object of the present application is to propose a vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, a battery self-heating device according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application includes: the heating circuit is connected with the battery pack; the energy storage module is connected with the heating circuit, and the heating circuit is arranged between the energy storage module and the battery pack; the energy storage module and the battery pack are charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode through the heating circuit, and the generated alternating current enables the internal resistance of the battery pack to generate heat.
According to the battery self-heating device of this application embodiment, can be at battery package port connection heating circuit and energy storage module, heating circuit sets up between energy storage module and battery package, make energy storage module and battery package carry out reciprocal mutual charge-discharge of circulation through heating circuit, the alternating current who produces makes battery package internal resistance produce heat, reach the effect of battery self-heating, make the battery package make battery temperature rise from inside to outside because the internal resistance of inside battery produces the thermal reason, can shorten battery warm-up time under the cold environment greatly, make the battery can resume the charging ability in short time.
In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, a control method for a battery self-heating apparatus is provided, where the battery self-heating apparatus is the battery self-heating apparatus in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the control method includes: when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be lower than a first threshold value and the battery management system is determined to allow the battery to be heated, the heating circuit is started to perform self-heating on the battery pack.
According to the control method of the battery self-heating device, the control of the frequency and the amplitude of the charging and discharging current of the battery can be realized by controlling the driving of the bidirectional DCDC converter, so that the heat productivity of the internal resistance of the battery is controlled, the self-heating effect of the battery is achieved, the temperature of the battery is increased from inside to outside due to the fact that the internal resistance of the battery generates heat, the temperature rising time of the battery in a cold environment can be greatly shortened, and the charging capacity of the battery can be recovered in a short time.
The vehicle provided in the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application includes: the battery self-heating device of the embodiment of the first aspect of the application.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of a prior art method of heating a battery pack via a PTC and water circuit cycle;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a self-heating device for a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram of heating a battery pack by an AC current source according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example circuit for a battery self-heating apparatus according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an example of a battery self-heating apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an example of a battery self-heating apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of an example of a circuit of a battery self-heating apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an example of a battery self-heating apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of an example of a circuit for a battery self-heating apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating an example of the frequency of an AC current with respect to an effective value for lithium deposition threshold according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a flow chart of a self-heating procedure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of the duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter, the voltage of the energy storage module, and the charging and discharging currents of the battery according to the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a control flow diagram of a bi-directional DCDC converter (fixed duty cycle boundary) according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a control flow diagram of a bi-directional DCDC converter (real-time update duty cycle boundary) according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
A battery self-heating apparatus, a control method thereof, and a vehicle having the battery self-heating apparatus according to embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a self-heating device for a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the battery self-heating apparatus 100 may include: a heating circuit 110 and an energy storage module 120. Wherein, the heating circuit 110 is connected with the battery pack 11; the energy storage module 120 is connected to the heating circuit 110. The heating circuit 110 is disposed between the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11. In the embodiment of the present application, the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11 perform cyclic and reciprocal charging and discharging through the heating circuit 110, and the generated alternating current causes the internal resistance of the battery pack 11 to generate heat.
That is to say, a heating circuit 110 is added at the front end of the battery pack 11, and the positive and negative ports of the battery pack 11 are respectively connected to two ports of the energy storage module 120, the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11 are charged and discharged reciprocally through the heating circuit 110, the generated alternating current causes the internal resistance of the battery to generate heat, the battery is heated rapidly, and the battery pack 11 is heated by the alternating current, as shown in fig. 3.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the heating circuit 110 may be a circuit composed of electronic devices such as a switching tube and an inductor, and the energy storage module 120 may include a capacitor having an energy storage function. For example, in a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the heating circuit 110 includes: the energy storage module 120 includes a first capacitor C1, a first switch transistor T1, a second switch transistor T2, and a first inductor L1. The first end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to the positive port of the battery pack 11, the second end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to one end of the first inductor L1 and the first end of the second switch tube T2, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the second switch tube T2 and the other end of the first capacitor C1 are connected to the negative port of the battery pack 11. The driving signals of the first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2 are complementary, and the first switch tube T1 is a main tube.
In the first embodiment, the operation principle of the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11 performing the cyclic reciprocal charging and discharging through the heating circuit 110 includes: when the battery pack is in a discharging mode, the initial voltage on the first capacitor C1 is low, the first switch tube T1 is turned on, the second switch tube T2 is turned off, the working loop is BAT1 → T1 → L1 → C1, the first inductor L1 stores energy (the current direction flows from the battery to the capacitor C1), and the first capacitor C1 is charged; the first switch tube T1 is turned off, the second switch tube T2 is turned on, the working circuit is L1 → C1 → T2, the first inductor L1 releases energy, and the first capacitor C1 charges. During the discharging process, the first capacitor C1 is always in the charging state, so the voltage on the first capacitor C1 continuously increases. When the battery pack is in a charging mode, the initial voltage on the first capacitor C1 is higher, the first switching tube T1 is cut off, the second switching tube T2 is conducted, the working loop is C1 → L1 → T2, and the first inductor L1 stores energy (the current direction flows to the battery from the capacitor); the first switch tube T1 is turned on, the second switch tube T2 is turned off, and the operation loop is C1 → L1 → T1 → BAT 1. During the charging process, the first capacitor C1 is always in a discharging state, so that the power on the first capacitor C1 is transferred to the battery for charging. Therefore, the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11 are charged and discharged in a reciprocating manner through the heating circuit 110, and the generated alternating current can enable the internal resistance of the battery pack to generate heat, so that the self-heating of the battery pack is realized.
It should be noted that the heating circuit 110 may include a non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter. That is to say, the heating circuit can be formed by the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter, and the self-heating of the battery pack can be realized by combining the energy storage module. For example, in the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 111 may include: the circuit comprises a first switch tube T1, a second switch tube T2, a first inductor L1 and a first capacitor C1. The first end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to the positive port of the battery pack 11, the second end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to one end of the first inductor L1 and the first end of the second switch tube T2, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the second switch tube T2 and the other end of the first capacitor C1 are connected to the negative port of the battery pack 11. The driving signals of the first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2 are complementary, and the first switch tube T1 is a main tube.
In the second embodiment, the energy storage module may include any one of an energy storage capacitor and a dc charging post. For example, when the energy storage module is an energy storage capacitor, as shown in fig. 5, the energy storage capacitor 121 and the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 111 are schematically illustrated in a circuit structure, that is, the energy storage capacitor 121 is connected in parallel to the first capacitor C1 in the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 111. That is, an energy storage capacitor is added in addition to the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter, which may be a bidirectional DC/DC module in the DC charging circuit. For another example, when the energy storage module is a dc charging pile, as shown in fig. 6, it is a schematic diagram of the circuit structures of the dc charging pile 122 and the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 111, that is, the dc charging pile 122 is connected in parallel to the first capacitor C1 in the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 111. It can be seen that the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter is integrated with a bidirectional DC/DC module for DC charging, forming an integrated circuit for battery self-heating and DC charging.
In the embodiment of the present application, the working principle of the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11 performing the cyclic reciprocal charging and discharging through the heating circuit 110 may include: when the battery pack is in a discharging mode, the initial voltage on the first capacitor C1 and the energy storage module is lower, the first switch tube T1 is turned on, the second switch tube T2 is turned off, the working circuit is BAT1 → T1 → L1 → C1, BAT1 → T1 → L1 → the energy storage module, the first inductor L1 stores energy (the current flows from the battery to the capacitor C1 and the energy storage module), the first capacitor C1 charges, and the energy storage module 120 stores energy; the first switch tube T1 is turned off, the second switch tube T2 is turned on, the working circuits are L1 → C1 → T2 and L1 → the energy storage module → T2, the first inductor L1 releases energy, the first capacitor C1 charges, and the energy storage module stores energy. In the discharging process, the energy storage module is always in an energy storage state, so the voltage on the energy storage module is continuously increased. When the battery pack is in a charging mode, the initial voltage on the first capacitor C1 and the energy storage module is higher, the first switch tube T1 is turned off, the second switch tube T2 is turned on, the working circuit is C1 → L1 → T2 and the energy storage module → L1 → T2, and the first inductor L1 stores energy (the current direction flows from the capacitor to the battery); the first switch tube T1 is turned on, the second switch tube T2 is turned off, and the working circuit is C1 → L1 → T1 → BAT1 and the energy storage module → L1 → T1 → BAT 1. In the charging process, the energy storage module is always in an energy release state, so that the electric energy stored in the energy storage module is transferred to the battery for charging. Therefore, the energy storage module and the battery pack are charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode through the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter, and the generated alternating current can enable the internal resistance of the battery pack to generate heat, so that the self-heating of the battery pack is achieved. It should be noted that, in the self-heating process, because the circuit generates alternating current, the ripple generated by the switch is larger than that generated by unidirectional charging or unidirectional discharging, so the energy storage module can better absorb the high-frequency ripple output by the converter, and the self-heating circuit is more stable.
It should be noted that the heating circuit may be a circuit composed of electronic devices such as a switching tube, an inductor, a capacitor, and a transformer, and the energy storage module 120 may include a capacitor having an energy storage function. For example, in the third embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the energy storage module 120 includes a second capacitor C2. The heating circuit 110 may include: a first bridge arm formed by connecting a third switching tube T3 and a fourth switching tube T4 in series, a second bridge arm formed by connecting a fifth switching tube T5 and a sixth switching tube T6 in series, a third bridge arm formed by connecting a seventh switching tube T7 and an eighth switching tube T8 in series, a fourth bridge arm formed by connecting a ninth switching tube T9 and a tenth switching tube T10 in series, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4 and a transformer T. Two ends of the first bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack 11, and the half-bridge midpoint of the first bridge arm is connected to one end of the third inductor L3; the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected to one end of the primary side of the transformer T; two ends of the second bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack 11, and the middle point of the half bridge of the second bridge arm is connected to the other end of the primary side of the transformer T through a third capacitor C3; one end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the middle point of the half bridge of the third bridge arm through a fourth capacitor C4; the other end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the middle point of the half bridge of the fourth bridge arm through a fourth inductor L4; two ends of the third bridge arm are respectively connected to two ends of the fourth bridge arm; one end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to the end of the second inductor L2, and the other end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to the end of the second capacitor C2.
In the embodiment of the present application, the working principle of the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11 performing the cyclic reciprocal charging and discharging through the heating circuit 110 may include: when the battery pack is in a discharging mode, the third switching tube T3, the fourth switching tube T4, the fifth switching tube T5 and the sixth switching tube T6 work according to a fixed frequency, a fixed phase shift angle or a fixed duty ratio, the seventh switching tube T7, the eighth switching tube T8, the ninth switching tube T9 and the tenth switching tube T10 are all turned off or work in a synchronous rectification mode, the battery charges the second capacitor C2, the voltage on the second capacitor C2 is increased, and therefore the electric energy of the second capacitor C2 is continuously increased. When the battery pack is in a charging mode, the seventh switch tube T7, the eighth switch tube T8, the ninth switch tube T9 and the tenth switch tube T10 operate at a fixed frequency, a fixed phase shift angle or a fixed duty ratio, and the third switch tube T3, the fourth switch tube T4, the fifth switch tube T5 and the sixth switch tube T6 are all turned off or operate in a synchronous rectification mode, so that the second capacitor C2 charges the battery, and the voltage on the second capacitor C2 gradually decreases. Therefore, the second capacitor C2 and the battery pack are charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode through the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter, and the generated alternating current can enable the internal resistance of the battery pack to generate heat, so that the self-heating of the battery pack is achieved.
It should be noted that the heating circuit 110 may include an isolated bidirectional DCDC converter. That is to say, the heating circuit can be formed by the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter, and the self-heating of the battery pack can be realized by combining the energy storage module. For example, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 112 may include: a first bridge arm formed by connecting a third switching tube T3 and a fourth switching tube T4 in series, a second bridge arm formed by connecting a fifth switching tube T5 and a sixth switching tube T6 in series, a third bridge arm formed by connecting a seventh switching tube T7 and an eighth switching tube T8 in series, a fourth bridge arm formed by connecting a ninth switching tube T9 and a tenth switching tube T10 in series, a filter topology formed by connecting a second inductor L2 and a second capacitor C2 in series, a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4 and a transformer T, and the energy storage module 120 comprises an energy storage capacitor C. Two ends of the first bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack 11, and the half-bridge midpoint of the first bridge arm is connected to one end of the third inductor L3; the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected to one end of the primary side of the transformer T; two ends of the second bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack 11, and the middle point of the half bridge of the second bridge arm is connected to the other end of the primary side of the transformer T through a third capacitor C3; one end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the middle point of the half bridge of the third bridge arm through a fourth capacitor C4; the other end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the middle point of the half bridge of the fourth bridge arm through a fourth inductor L4; two ends of the third bridge arm are respectively connected to two ends of the fourth bridge arm; one end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to the end of a second inductor L2 of the filter topology, and the other end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to the end of a second capacitor C2 of the filter topology.
In a fourth embodiment, the energy storage module may include any one of an energy storage capacitor and a dc charging post. For example, when the energy storage module is an energy storage capacitor, as shown in fig. 8, the energy storage capacitor 121 and the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 112 are schematically illustrated in a circuit structure, that is, the energy storage capacitor 121 is connected in parallel to the second capacitor C2 in the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 112. That is, an energy storage capacitor is additionally added in addition to the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter, which may be a bidirectional DC/DC module in the DC charging circuit. For another example, when the energy storage module is a dc charging pile, as shown in fig. 9, it is a schematic diagram of the circuit structures of the dc charging pile 122 and the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 112, that is, the dc charging pile 122 is connected in parallel to the second capacitor C2 in the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter 112. It can be seen that the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter is integrated with a bidirectional DC/DC module for DC charging, forming an integrated circuit for battery self-heating and DC charging.
In the embodiment of the present application, the working principle of the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11 performing the cyclic reciprocal charging and discharging through the heating circuit 110 may include: when the battery pack is in a discharging mode, the third switching tube T3, the fourth switching tube T4, the fifth switching tube T5 and the sixth switching tube T6 work according to fixed frequency, fixed phase shift angle or fixed duty ratio, the seventh switching tube T7, the eighth switching tube T8, the ninth switching tube T9 and the tenth switching tube T10 are all turned off or work in a synchronous rectification mode, the battery charges the energy storage module, the electric energy on the energy storage module is gradually increased, and the voltage on the energy storage module is increased. When the battery pack is in a charging mode, the seventh switching tube T7, the eighth switching tube T8, the ninth switching tube T9 and the tenth switching tube T10 work according to fixed frequency, fixed phase shift angle or fixed duty ratio, the third switching tube T3, the fourth switching tube T4, the fifth switching tube T5 and the sixth switching tube T6 are all turned off or work in a synchronous rectification mode, the energy storage module releases energy, namely the electric energy on the energy storage module is transferred to the battery pack side to charge the battery, and the voltage on the energy storage module is reduced. Therefore, the energy storage module and the battery pack are charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode through the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter, and the generated alternating current can enable the internal resistance of the battery pack to generate heat, so that the self-heating of the battery pack is achieved.
In order to enable the energy storage module and the battery pack to perform cyclic reciprocating mutual charging and discharging so as to generate alternating current required by self-heating of the battery pack, in some embodiments of the application, the driving of the heating circuit can be controlled by the controller 130, so that the frequency and amplitude of the charging and discharging current of the battery pack can be regulated and controlled, the energy storage module and the battery pack perform cyclic reciprocating mutual charging and discharging, the alternating current required by self-heating of the battery pack is generated, the heat productivity of the internal resistance of the battery is controlled, and the purpose of self-heating of the battery is achieved.
Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the frequency of the alternating current and the effective value of the alternating current in the lithium deposition critical according to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10, in the case of a lithium battery, for example, in which the abscissa indicates the frequency of the alternating current charged and discharged by the battery pack and the ordinate indicates the maximum effective value of the alternating current charged and discharged by the battery pack, it can be understood that, in order to ensure the safety and durability of the battery, when the driving of the heating circuit is controlled by the controller to control the frequency of the alternating current charged and discharged by the battery and the effective value of the alternating current, the frequency of the alternating current and the effective value of the alternating current shown in the safety region of fig. 10 should be followed. That is, the frequency and the effective value of the ac current charged and discharged by the battery may be obtained from the safety region in fig. 10, and the controller controls the driving of the heating circuit so that the frequency and the effective value of the ac current of the battery pack during the charging and discharging of the battery pack fall within the safety region in fig. 10. The frequency of the electrical alternating current and the alternating current.
In order to ensure the safety of the circuit and effectively control the heating circuit to heat the battery pack, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the current self-heating apparatus 100 may further include: a switch module 140. The switch module 140 is connected to the battery pack 11 and the heating circuit 110. In the embodiment of the present application, the controller 130 may close the switch module 140 and start the heating circuit 110 to self-heat the battery pack 11 when it is detected that the temperature of the battery pack 11 is lower than the first threshold and it is determined that the battery management system allows the battery to heat; when the temperature of the battery pack 11 is detected to be greater than the second threshold value and/or the battery management system is determined to prohibit the battery from heating, the heating circuit is stopped, and the switch module 140 is turned off; wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold.
As an example, the controller 130 communicates with a Battery Management System (BMS), acquires information such as temperature, SOC, and voltage of the Battery pack 11, and determines whether the Battery allows charging and discharging. For example, the controller 130 obtains the current temperature of the battery pack 11 through the battery management system, and when it is detected that the current temperature of the battery pack 11 is lower than the first threshold, if the battery management system allows the battery to be heated at this time, the switch module 140 may be closed at this time, and the heating circuit 110 is started to perform self-heating on the battery pack 11. For another example, when the controller 130 obtains the current temperature of the battery pack 11 through the battery management system and detects that the current temperature of the battery pack 11 is greater than the second threshold, the controller needs to control the heating circuit 110 to stop working and turn off the switch module 140; alternatively, the controller 130 controls the heating circuit 110 to stop working and turns off the switch module 140 when determining that the battery management system prohibits the battery heating; alternatively, the controller 130 controls the heating circuit 110 to stop working and turns off the switch module 140 when it detects that the current temperature of the battery pack 11 is greater than the second threshold and determines that the battery management system prohibits the battery heating.
That is, as shown in fig. 11, the controller 130 may obtain the current temperature of the battery pack 11 through the battery management system, detect whether the current temperature of the battery pack 11 is lower than the first threshold, and exit the self-heating process if not. If the current temperature of the battery pack 11 is lower than a first threshold value, judging whether the current battery allows charging and discharging heating, and if not, keeping the heating circuit in a stop working state continuously; if the current battery is judged to allow charging and discharging heating, the switch module 140 is closed, and the heating circuit 110 is started to perform self-heating on the battery pack 11. During the process of self-heating the battery pack 11 by using the heating circuit 110, the controller 130 may detect whether the current temperature of the battery pack 11 is higher than the second threshold, and if not, continuously return to the above step of determining whether the current battery allows charging, discharging and heating; if the current temperature of the battery pack 11 is detected to be higher than the second threshold, the heating circuit 110 is controlled to stop working, the switch module 140 is turned off, and the self-heating process of the battery self-heating device is exited.
In one embodiment of the present application, the heating circuit 110 may include a bidirectional DCDC converter. As an example, the bidirectional DCDC converter may be used as a medium for exchanging energy between the energy storage module 120 and the battery pack 11, and the controller 130 controls the energy flowing direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter to generate an alternating current with a certain frequency and amplitude on the battery pack 11 side, and the alternating current flows through the battery pack 11 to heat the battery pack 11. In the embodiment of the present application, the controller 130 may control the energy flowing direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter to generate an alternating current on the battery pack 11 side based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, so that the alternating current is used for heating the battery pack when flowing through the battery pack.
In an embodiment of the application, the controller may adjust a duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter by controlling a switch in the bidirectional DCDC converter, and further control an energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter to generate an alternating current on a battery pack side based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, so that the alternating current is used for heating the battery pack when flowing through the battery pack.
According to the battery self-heating device of this application embodiment, can be at battery package port connection heating circuit and energy storage module, heating circuit sets up between energy storage module and battery package, make energy storage module and battery package carry out reciprocal mutual charge-discharge of circulation through heating circuit, the alternating current who produces makes battery package internal resistance produce heat, reach the effect of battery self-heating, make the battery package make battery temperature rise from inside to outside because the internal resistance of inside battery produces the thermal reason, can shorten battery warm-up time under the cold environment greatly, make the battery can resume the charging ability in short time.
In order to realize the embodiment, the application also provides a control method of the battery self-heating device. It should be noted that, for the structural and functional description of the self-heating device for battery in the embodiment of the present application, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiment, which is not repeated herein. In an embodiment of the present application, the control method of the battery self-heating apparatus may include: when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be lower than a first threshold value and the battery management system is determined to allow the battery to be heated, starting a heating circuit to carry out self-heating on the battery pack; stopping the heating circuit when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be greater than a second threshold value and/or when the battery management system is determined to prohibit the battery from heating; wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
In one embodiment of the present application, the heating circuit includes a bidirectional DCDC converter, which may be a non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter or an isolated bidirectional DCDC converter; in the embodiment of the present application, a specific implementation process of the start-up heating circuit for self-heating the battery pack may be as follows: based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, the energy flowing direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled to generate alternating current on the battery pack side, so that the alternating current is used for heating the battery pack when flowing through the battery pack. As an example, the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter may be adjusted by controlling a switch in the bidirectional DCDC converter, and then the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter may be controlled to generate an alternating current on the battery pack side based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, so that the alternating current may be used to heat the battery pack when flowing through the battery pack.
For example, taking a non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter as an example, the battery voltage U can be matched according to the bidirectional DCDC converterbat(for example, a rated value may be calculated according to a single voltage of 3.2V, or a current battery voltage value may be read through communication with the BMS, or a battery voltage value may be sampled through an external power sensor), and an effective value I of an alternating current in a safety area may be obtained with reference to FIG. 10batAnd frequency f, and theoretically calculating the maximum value D of the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC convertermaxAnd a minimum value DminAnd the control of the bidirectional DCDC converter can be realized. Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter, the voltage of the energy storage module, and the waveform of the charging and discharging current of the battery.
It should be noted that the duty cycle boundary (i.e., the boundary composed of the maximum duty cycle and the minimum duty cycle) of the bidirectional DCDC converter may be fixed or may be updated in real time. For example, if the battery voltage is not obtained, the duty cycle boundary of the bidirectional DCDC converter may be determined to be a fixed duty cycle boundary; if the battery voltage is obtained, the duty cycle boundary of the bidirectional DCDC converter can be determined as a real-time updated duty cycle boundary. Based on this characteristic, the step of controlling the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter based on the duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter described above can have two implementations. Wherein, the control flow shown in fig. 13 is a control flow chart of the bidirectional DCDC converter when the battery voltage is not obtained; the control flow shown in fig. 14 is a control flow of the bidirectional DCDC converter when the battery voltage is acquired.
As an example of one possible implementation manner, as shown in fig. 13, the specific implementation process for controlling the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter may include:
step 1301, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in a discharging mode so that the battery pack charges the energy storage module.
Step 1302, determining a voltage duty cycle D of a bidirectional DCDC converteruty. In the process, the bidirectional DCDC converter works in a discharging mode, the duty ratio is linearly increased, and the energy storage module is charged by the battery pack.
Step 1303, detecting duty ratio D of bidirectional DCDC converterutyWhether or not greater than or equal to the maximum duty cycle Dmax. That is, in the process of linearly increasing the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, it is required to detect whether the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is greater than or equal to the maximum duty ratio. And if the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be smaller than the maximum duty ratio, the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter can be continuously controlled to be linearly increased.
In step 1304, the duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detectedutyGreater than or equal to the maximum duty cycle DmaxAnd when the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled to work in a charging mode, so that the energy storage module charges the battery pack.
Step 1305, determining the duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converteruty. In the process, the bidirectional DCDC converter works in a charging mode, and the duty ratio is linearly reduced, so that the energy storage module charges the battery pack.
Step 1306, detecting the duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converterutyWhether or not less than or equal to the minimum duty cycle Dmin. That is, in the process of linearly decreasing the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, it is required to detect whether the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is less than or equal to the minimum duty ratio. And if the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be larger than the minimum duty ratio, continuously controlling the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter to linearly reduce.
In an embodiment of the application, the duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detectedutyLess than or equal to the minimum duty cycle DminAnd returning to the step of controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in the discharging mode so that the battery pack charges the energy storage module, namely returning to the step 1301.
Thus, the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled based on controlling the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter to be linearly increased or linearly decreased.
As another possible implementation example, as shown in fig. 14, the specific implementation process for controlling the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter may include:
at step 1410, the voltage of the battery pack is obtained. That is, the voltage U of the battery pack can be collectedbat。
Step 1420, calculating the maximum duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converter according to the voltage of the battery pack and the maximum voltage of the energy storage capacitormaxAnd calculating the minimum duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converter according to the voltage of the battery pack and the minimum voltage of the energy storage capacitormin。
For example, taking non-isolated bidirectional DCDC as an example, the battery voltage U can be matched according to the bidirectional DCDC converterbat(for example, a rated value may be calculated as a single voltage of 3.2V, or a current battery voltage value may be read through communication with the BMS, or a battery voltage value may be sampled through an external power sensor), and an effective value I of an alternating current in a safety area may be obtained with reference to FIG. 10batAnd frequency f, and theoretically calculating the maximum value D of the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC convertermaxAnd a minimum value DminAnd the control of the bidirectional DCDC converter can be realized. Fig. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter, the voltage of the energy storage module, and the waveform of the charging and discharging current of the battery.
Assuming that the energy storage module is a capacitor and the capacitance value is C0The theoretical calculation process is as follows:
the self-heating power of the battery pack is as follows:
Pbat＝Ubat*Ibat
wherein, PbatSelf-heating power for the battery pack; u shapebatIs the battery pack voltage; i isbatThe effective value of the alternating current in the safety area is obtained.
The power of the energy storage capacitor is as follows:
Pc＝fCo(Umax 2-Umin 2)
wherein, PcIs the power of the energy storage capacitor; f is the frequency of the alternating current (i.e. the number of charges and discharges on the energy storage capacitor within 1 second).
Assuming that the efficiency of the bidirectional DCDC converter is eta, according to the power conservation of the bidirectional DCDC converter, the energy storage capacitor and the battery pack, obtaining:
Figure BDA0002516483460000111
wherein f is the frequency of the alternating current (i.e. the number of charging and discharging times of the energy storage capacitor within 1 second), C0Is the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor, UmaxIs the maximum voltage of the energy storage capacitor, UminIs the lowest voltage of the energy storage capacitor, Ubatη is the efficiency of the bi-directional DCDC converter for the cell pack voltage.
Theoretically, UminMinimum value of 0, UmaxMaximum value of Ubat. In order to avoid the damage of the reverse voltage to the capacitor, a certain margin can be properly reserved, and U can be takenmin＝k*Ubat，k＝0～0.5。
Taking k as 0.5, the maximum voltage value U of the energy storage capacitor can be calculated according to the formulamaxAnd minimum value UminIf U is presentmax＜UbatThe design requirements are met. If U ismax≥UbatAnd if k is 0.4, continuing to calculate until the design requirement is met.
The input and output voltages of the bidirectional DCDC converter in the continuous mode satisfy the following relations:
Figure BDA0002516483460000112
Figure BDA0002516483460000113
the maximum duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC can be calculated by the formulamaxAnd a minimum duty cycle Dmin。
And matching the duty ratio curve of the proper bidirectional DCDC converter through calculation.
And step 1430, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in a discharging mode so that the battery pack charges the energy storage module.
Step 1440, determine duty cycle D of the bidirectional DCDC converteruty. In the process, the bidirectional DCDC converter works in a discharging mode, the duty ratio is linearly increased, and the energy storage module is charged by the battery pack.
Step 1450, detecting the duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converterutyWhether or not greater than or equal to the maximum duty cycle Dmax. That is, in the process of linearly increasing the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, it is required to detect whether the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is greater than or equal to the maximum duty ratio. And if the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be smaller than the maximum duty ratio, the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter can be continuously controlled to be linearly increased.
In step 1460, duty cycle D of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detectedutyGreater than or equal to the maximum duty cycle D of the bidirectional DCDC convertermaxAnd when the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled to work in a charging mode, so that the energy storage module charges the battery pack.
Step 1470, determine duty cycle D of the bidirectional DCDC converteruty. In the process, the bidirectional DCDC converter works in a charging mode, and the duty ratio is linearly reduced, so that the energy storage module charges the battery pack.
Step 1480 of detecting a duty cycle D of the bidirectional DCDC converterutyWhether or not less than or equal to the minimum duty cycle Dmin. That is, in the process of linearly decreasing the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, it is required to detect whether the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is less than or equal to the minimum duty ratio. And if the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be larger than the minimum duty ratio, continuously controlling the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter to linearly reduce.
In an embodiment of the application, the duty ratio D of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detectedutyLess than or equal to the minimum duty cycle D of the bidirectional DCDC converterminThen, returning to execute the battery acquisitionThe step of the voltage of the packet, i.e., return to step 1410.
Thus, the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter is controlled based on controlling the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter to be linearly increased or linearly decreased.
According to the control method of the battery self-heating device, the control of the frequency and the amplitude of the charging and discharging current of the battery can be realized by controlling the driving of the bidirectional DCDC converter, so that the heat productivity of the internal resistance of the battery is controlled, the self-heating effect of the battery is achieved, the temperature of the battery is increased from inside to outside due to the fact that the internal resistance of the battery generates heat, the temperature rising time of the battery in a cold environment can be greatly shortened, and the charging capacity of the battery can be recovered in a short time.
In order to realize the embodiment, the application also provides a vehicle.
FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 15, the vehicle 1500 may include: the battery self-heating device 100. It is to be understood that the structural and functional descriptions of the battery self-heating device according to the embodiments of the present application may refer to the structural and functional descriptions of the battery self-heating device according to the foregoing embodiments, and are not repeated herein.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh", "eighth", "ninth", "tenth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first," second, "" third, "" fourth, "" fifth, "" sixth, "" seventh, "" eighth, "" ninth, "and tenth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims (14)

1. A battery self-heating device, comprising:
the heating circuit is connected with the battery pack;
the energy storage module is connected with the heating circuit, and the heating circuit is arranged between the energy storage module and the battery pack;
the energy storage module and the battery pack are charged and discharged in a reciprocating mode through the heating circuit, and the generated alternating current enables the internal resistance of the battery pack to generate heat.
2. The battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating circuit comprises: a first switch tube T1, a second switch tube T2, a first inductor L1; the energy storage module comprises a first capacitor C1; a first end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to a positive port of the battery pack, a second end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to one end of the first inductor L1 and a first end of the second switch tube T2, respectively, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and a second end of the second switch tube T2 and the other end of the first capacitor C1 are connected to a negative port of the battery pack, respectively.
3. The battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating circuit comprises: a non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter; wherein the non-isolated bidirectional DCDC converter comprises: the first switch tube T1, the second switch tube T2, the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a first end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to a positive port of the battery pack, a second end of the first switch tube T1 is connected to one end of the first inductor L1 and a first end of the second switch tube T2, respectively, the other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, and a second end of the second switch tube T2 and the other end of the first capacitor C1 are connected to a negative port of the battery pack, respectively; wherein the energy storage module is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1.
4. The battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage module comprises a second capacitor C2; the heating circuit includes: a first bridge arm formed by connecting a third switching tube T3 and a fourth switching tube T4 in series, a second bridge arm formed by connecting a fifth switching tube T5 and a sixth switching tube T6 in series, a third bridge arm formed by connecting a seventh switching tube T7 and an eighth switching tube T8 in series, a fourth bridge arm formed by connecting a ninth switching tube T9 and a tenth switching tube T10 in series, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4 and a transformer T; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
two ends of the first bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack, and the half-bridge midpoint of the first bridge arm is connected to one end of the third inductor L3; the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected to one end of the primary side of the transformer T; two ends of the second bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack, and the middle point of the half bridge of the second bridge arm is connected to the other end of the primary side of the transformer T through the third capacitor C3; one end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the middle point of the half bridge of the third bridge arm through the fourth capacitor C4; the other end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the midpoint of the half bridge of the fourth bridge arm through the fourth inductor L4; two ends of the third bridge arm are respectively connected to two ends of the fourth bridge arm; one end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to the end of the second inductor L2, and the other end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to the end of the second capacitor C2.
5. The battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating circuit comprises: an isolated bidirectional DCDC converter; wherein the isolated bidirectional DCDC converter comprises: a first bridge arm formed by connecting a third switching tube T3 and a fourth switching tube T4 in series, a second bridge arm formed by connecting a fifth switching tube T5 and a sixth switching tube T6 in series, a third bridge arm formed by connecting a seventh switching tube T7 and an eighth switching tube T8 in series, a fourth bridge arm formed by connecting a ninth switching tube T9 and a tenth switching tube T10 in series, a filter topology formed by connecting a second inductor L2 and a second capacitor C2 in series, and a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4 and a transformer T, wherein,
two ends of the first bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack, and the half-bridge midpoint of the first bridge arm is connected to one end of the third inductor L3; the other end of the third inductor L3 is connected to one end of the primary side of the transformer T; two ends of the second bridge arm are respectively connected to the positive end and the negative end of the battery pack, and the middle point of the half bridge of the second bridge arm is connected to the other end of the primary side of the transformer T through the third capacitor C3; one end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the middle point of the half bridge of the third bridge arm through the fourth capacitor C4; the other end of the secondary side of the transformer T is connected to the midpoint of the half bridge of the fourth bridge arm through the fourth inductor L4; two ends of the third bridge arm are respectively connected to two ends of the fourth bridge arm; one end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to an inductor L2 end of the filtering topology, and the other end of the fourth bridge arm is connected to a capacitor C2 end of the filtering topology; wherein the energy storage module is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2.
6. The self-heating device for the battery according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the energy storage module comprises any one of an energy storage capacitor and a DC charging pile.
7. The battery self-heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
and the controller is connected with the heating circuit and used for controlling the driving of the heating circuit so as to enable the energy storage module and the battery pack to carry out cyclic reciprocating mutual charging and discharging and generate alternating current required by self-heating of the battery pack.
8. The battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising:
the switch module is respectively connected with the battery pack and the heating circuit;
wherein the controller is specifically configured to: when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be lower than a first threshold value and the battery management system is determined to allow the battery to be heated, closing the switch module and starting the heating circuit to carry out self-heating on the battery pack; when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be greater than a second threshold value and/or the battery management system is determined to prohibit the battery from heating, stopping the heating circuit and disconnecting the switch module; wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold.
9. A control method of a battery self-heating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be lower than a first threshold value and the battery management system is determined to allow the battery to be heated, the heating circuit is started to perform self-heating on the battery pack.
10. The control method of a battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the method further comprises:
stopping the heating circuit when the temperature of the battery pack is detected to be greater than a second threshold value and/or the battery management system is determined to prohibit battery heating; wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
11. The control method of a battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the heating circuit includes a bidirectional DCDC converter; wherein, start heating circuit to carry out self-heating to the battery package, include:
controlling the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter to generate alternating current on the battery pack side based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter so that the alternating current is used for heating the battery pack when flowing through the battery pack.
12. The control method of the battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein controlling the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter comprises:
controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in a discharging mode so that the battery pack charges the energy storage module;
determining a duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter;
when the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be larger than or equal to the maximum duty ratio, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in a charging mode so that the energy storage module charges the battery pack;
determining a duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter;
and when the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be less than or equal to the minimum duty ratio, returning to execute the step of controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in a discharging mode so that the battery pack charges the energy storage module.
13. The control method of the battery self-heating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein controlling the energy flow direction of the bidirectional DCDC converter based on the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter comprises:
acquiring the voltage of the battery pack;
calculating the maximum duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter according to the voltage of the battery pack and the maximum voltage of the energy storage capacitor;
calculating the minimum duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter according to the voltage of the battery pack and the minimum voltage of the energy storage capacitor;
controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in a discharging mode so that the battery pack charges the energy storage module;
determining a duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter;
when the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be larger than or equal to the maximum duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, controlling the bidirectional DCDC converter to work in a charging mode so that the energy storage module charges the battery pack;
determining a duty cycle of the bidirectional DCDC converter;
and when the duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter is detected to be less than or equal to the minimum duty ratio of the bidirectional DCDC converter, returning to the step of acquiring the voltage of the battery pack.
14. A vehicle, characterized by comprising: the self-heating device for battery as claimed in claims 1 to 8.
CN202010478168.9A 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 Battery self-heating device, control method thereof and vehicle Pending CN113733986A (en)

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