CN111869377A - Compound side-charging precision seed sowing device - Google Patents

Compound side-charging precision seed sowing device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111869377A
CN111869377A CN202010683059.0A CN202010683059A CN111869377A CN 111869377 A CN111869377 A CN 111869377A CN 202010683059 A CN202010683059 A CN 202010683059A CN 111869377 A CN111869377 A CN 111869377A
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seed
adjusting
sequence
movable
fixed
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CN111869377B (en
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罗昕
蔡会
郭孟宇
潘峰
毛自斌
胡斌
何浩猛
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Shihezi University
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Shihezi University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a compound side-charging precision seed sowing device which comprises a fixed-sequence plate cover, a movable-sequence-adjusting seed-charging plate, saddle-type single (double) side seed posture-adjusting queuing rollers and a seed separating plate. The fixed sequencing disc is arranged on the main fixed shaft, and the movable sequencing seed charging disc is assembled on the main fixed shaft through interference fit with the sliding bearing to form a seed cavity with the fixed sequencing disc cover; after seeds enter the seed cavity from the seed inlet hole, the seeds enter the seed sequence adjusting cavity under the action of the seed separating plate, the fixed sequence disc cover corresponding to the seed feeding cavity is provided with a unique seed discharging hole, the seeds sequentially enter the axial primary seed charging U-shaped groove and the radial secondary seed charging hole under the combined action of the saddle-shaped single (double) side seed posture adjusting queuing roller and the fixed sequence disc cover with the opened sequence V-shaped groove, the movable sequence charging disc rotates in the operation process, and when the movable sequence charging disc rotates to the fixed sequence disc cover to form the unique seed discharging hole, the seeds fall into the duckbill to complete seed charging. The device has simple structure, continuous and reliable seed filling, can realize ordered seed filling and improve the seed filling performance of the seed sowing device.

Description

Compound side-charging precision seed sowing device
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of core components of seeders, in particular to a compound side-charging precision seed-metering device.
Background
With the requirement of the national precision agriculture, precision seeding machinery is generally concerned, a seed sowing device is a core component of the seed sowing machine, and the quality of the seeding quality of the seed sowing machine directly depends on the quality of the performance of the seed sowing device. In the prior art, the precision seed metering device has poor ordered seed filling performance, high reseeding rate and miss seeding rate and a complex structure. The precision seed sowing device capable of realizing ordered queuing and seed filling through simple component adjustment is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a compound side-charging precision seed-metering device, which aims to solve the problems of ordered seed charging and complex structure of the seed-metering device in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the double-type side-charging precision seed sowing device comprises a fixed-sequence plate cover, a movable-sequence-adjusting seed-charging plate, a movable ring, a movable duckbill, a fixed duckbill, a movable and fixed duckbill connecting plate, a cylindrical torsion spring, a main fixed shaft, a saddle-type single-side seed posture-adjusting queuing roller, a sequence-adjusting shaft and a seed separating plate; one side of the fixed sequencing plate cover is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other end of the fixed sequencing plate cover is fixed on the main fixed shaft through a pin; the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray is in interference fit with the flange type sliding bearing 1 and is assembled on the main fixed shaft, one side of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other side of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray is axially limited on the connecting shaft through a pin; 8 mm gaps are reserved between the axial end surface and the radial circumferential surface of the dynamic sequence-adjusting seed-filling disk and the fixed sequence disk cover; the purpose is as follows: when the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray rotates, the friction between the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray and the fixed sequence tray cover is avoided; the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling tray and the fixed sequence-arranging tray cover form a seed cavity; the movable ring is connected and fixed with the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray through three evenly distributed bolts; the fixed duckbill is welded on one side of the movable sequence-adjusting seed charging tray and is connected with a movable duckbill connecting sheet through a pin, the movable duckbill connecting sheet is hinged with the movable duckbill through a pin, and the cylindrical torsion spring is fixed between the movable duckbill connecting sheet and the fixed duckbill; the seed separating plate is welded on one side of the seed cavity of the movable seed-adjusting and seed-filling plate, and the seed cavity is divided into a seed sequence adjusting cavity and a seed feeding cavity; the purpose is as follows: the seeds can only be filled in the seed order-adjusting cavity under the action of the seed separating plate, so that the phenomenon of reseeding after entering the seed feeding cavity is avoided; the special seed feeding device is characterized in that a unique seed discharging port is formed in the circumferential end face of the fixed sequencing plate cover corresponding to one side of the seed feeding cavity, a sequencing V-shaped groove with the length being 1/4 of the perimeter of the boss is formed in the boss on the inner side of the fixed sequencing plate cover corresponding to one side of the seed sequence adjusting cavity, and a seed feeding transition port is formed below the sequencing V-shaped groove; the purpose is as follows: the length of the sequencing V-shaped groove is 1/4 boss circumferences, so that the seeds are extruded at the lowest end after being sequentially filled on the sequencing V-shaped groove, and fall into the seed feeding transition port by the self gravity of the seeds, and the seeds are accurately and rapidly filled; ten uniformly distributed sequence adjusting shafts are welded on one side of the seed cavity of the movable sequence adjusting seed charging tray, a saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller and a flange-type sliding bearing 2 are arranged on the sequence adjusting shafts in an interference fit mode, one end of the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other end of the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller is axially limited through a screw; the saddle type single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller is provided with five posture adjusting teeth at intervals and is correspondingly provided with five posture adjusting teeth at one side without the posture adjusting teeth; an axial one-time seed filling U-shaped groove is formed on a boss of the inner cavity of the dynamic sequence-adjusting seed filling disc; ten radial secondary seed charging holes which are uniformly distributed are formed in the axial primary seed charging U-shaped groove; the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing rollers correspond to the radial secondary seed charging holes one by one.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a saddle-shaped double-side seed pose adjusting queuing roller, wherein the mounting method of the saddle-shaped double-side seed pose adjusting queuing roller is the same as that of the saddle-shaped single-side seed pose adjusting queuing roller, and the saddle-shaped double-side seed pose adjusting queuing roller and the saddle-shaped single-side seed pose adjusting queuing roller can be detached; the posture adjusting teeth arranged at the two ends of the saddle-shaped bilateral seed posture adjusting queuing roller are staggered and asymmetric, and the distance between the two posture adjusting teeth is larger than the maximum diameter of the seeds.
The invention has the following advantages: according to the invention, the sequencing V-shaped groove with the length of 1/4 the circumference of the boss is arranged on the boss at the inner side of the sequencing tray cover, and the saddle-shaped single (double) side seed posture-adjusting queuing roller is arranged, so that the purpose is as follows: adjusting the posture of the seeds in the sequencing V-shaped groove and adjusting the posture of the seeds between the sequencing teeth to enable the seeds to enter the sequencing V-shaped groove, and queuing in sequence in the sequencing V-shaped groove in the optimal seed throwing posture; it has once to fill kind of a U type groove to open the axial on moving the preface to fill kind of a dish boss, is equipped with radial secondary on once filling kind of a U type groove in the axial and fills kind of a hole, aim at: if the seeds do not enter the radial secondary seed filling holes once to complete seed filling, the seeds can be ensured to enter the axial primary seed filling U-shaped groove to be transited, and the seeds fall into a certain radial secondary seed filling hole closest to the seeds by dead weight in the primary seed filling U-shaped groove in the running process of the seed sowing device, so that the continuous and reliable seed filling is ensured, the phenomenon of seeding missing in the sowing process is avoided, the seed filling performance of the seed sowing device is improved, and the seed filling device is simple in structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a multiple lateral-charging precision seed-metering device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the position relationship among a seed discharging port, a sequencing V-shaped groove and a saddle-shaped single (double) edge posture-adjusting queuing roller of the compound side-charging precision seed-metering device provided by some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a saddle type single-side seed-aligning queuing roller-hiding fixed-sequence disk cover of a double-type side-charging precision seed-metering device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of a saddle-type double-sided seed pose adjusting and queuing roller hiding fixed-sequence disk cover mounted on the double-type side-charging precision seed-metering device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a dynamic sequence-adjusting seed-filling disk of a multiple lateral-filling precision seed-metering device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a saddle type single-side and double-side seed pose adjusting and queuing roller of a double-type side-charging precision seed-metering device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the automatic seeding device comprises a fixed-arranging tray cover, 2 a movable-adjusting seed-filling tray, 3 a movable ring, 4 a movable duckbill, 5 a fixed duckbill, 6 a movable duckbill connecting sheet, 7 a cylindrical torsion spring, 8 a seed inlet, 9 a seed discharging port, 10 a main fixed shaft, 11 a sequencing V-shaped groove, 12 a flange-type sliding bearing 1, 13, a saddle-type unilateral seed posture-adjusting queuing order-adjusting roller, 14 a flange-type sliding bearing 2, 15 a order-adjusting shaft, 16 an axial one-time seed-filling U-shaped groove, 17 a radial secondary seed-filling hole, 18 a seed separating plate, 19 a saddle-type bilateral seed posture-adjusting queuing order-adjusting roller, 20 a seed ordering cavity, 21 a seed feeding cavity, 22 a seed filling transition port.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the compound lateral-charging precision seed-metering device in the embodiment comprises a fixed-sequence plate cover (1), a movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging plate (2), a movable ring (3), a movable duckbill (4), a fixed duckbill (5), a movable duckbill connecting plate (6), a cylindrical torsion spring (7), a main fixed shaft (10), a saddle-shaped single-side seed posture-adjusting queuing roller (13), a sequence-adjusting shaft (15) and a seed-separating plate (18); one side of the sequencing plate cover (1) is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other end of the sequencing plate cover is fixed on the main fixed shaft (10) through a pin; the dynamic sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2) is in interference fit with the flange type sliding bearing 1 (12) and is assembled on the main fixed shaft (10), one side of the dynamic sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2) is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other side of the dynamic sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc is axially limited on the main fixed shaft (10) through a pin; certain gaps are reserved between the axial end surface and the radial circumferential surface of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disk (2) and the fixed sequence disk cover (1); the purpose is as follows: when the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray rotates, the friction between the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray and the fixed sequence tray cover is avoided; the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling tray (2) and the fixed sequence-arranging tray cover (1) form a seed cavity; the movable ring (3) is connected and fixed with the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2) through three evenly distributed bolts; the fixed duckbill (5) is welded on one side of the movable sequence-adjusting seed charging tray (2) and is connected with the movable and fixed duckbill connecting sheet (6) through a pin, the movable and fixed duckbill connecting sheet (6) is hinged with the movable duckbill (4) through a pin, and the cylindrical torsion spring (7) is fixed between the movable and fixed duckbill connecting sheet (6) and the fixed duckbill (5); the seed separating plate (18) is welded on one side of the seed cavity of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling tray (2) to divide the seed cavity into a seed sequence-adjusting cavity (20) and a seed-throwing cavity (21); the purpose is as follows: the seeds can only be filled in the seed order-adjusting cavity under the action of the seed separating plate, so that the phenomenon of reseeding after entering the seed feeding cavity is avoided; a unique seed discharging port (9) is formed in the circumferential end face of the fixed sequence disc cover (1) corresponding to one side of the seed feeding cavity (21), a sequencing V-shaped groove (11) with the length of 1/4 boss circumferences is formed in a boss on the inner side of the fixed sequence disc cover (1) corresponding to one side of the seed sequence adjusting cavity (20), and a seed feeding transition port (22) is formed below the sequencing V-shaped groove; the purpose is as follows: the length of the sequencing V-shaped groove is 1/4 boss circumferences, so that the seeds are extruded at the lowest end after being sequentially filled on the sequencing V-shaped groove, and fall into the seed feeding transition port by the self gravity of the seeds, and the seeds are accurately and rapidly filled; ten uniformly distributed order adjusting shafts (15) are welded on one side of a seed cavity of the movable order adjusting seed charging tray (2), a saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller (13) and a flange-type sliding bearing 2 (14) are arranged on the order adjusting shafts (15) in an interference fit manner, one end of the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller (13) is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other end of the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller is axially limited through a screw; the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller (13) is arranged at the side with the posture adjusting teeth and the side without the posture adjusting teeth at intervals, and five seeds are correspondingly arranged; an axial one-time seed-filling U-shaped groove (16) is formed on a boss of the inner cavity of the dynamic sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2); ten radial secondary seed filling holes (17) which are uniformly distributed are formed in the axial primary seed filling U-shaped groove (16); saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing rollers (13) correspond to the radial secondary seed charging holes (17) one by one.
In the embodiment, the sequencing plate cover (1) is formed by bending and welding steel plates, and the sequencing V-shaped groove can be formed by milling a boss welded on the sequencing plate cover (1); the axial primary seed-filling U-shaped groove (16) on the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2) can be obtained by turning a boss, a radial secondary seed-filling hole (17) is obtained by a drilling machine, and the boss is welded on the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2); and correspondingly welding the ten turned sequence adjusting shafts (15) to the inner cavity of the movable sequence adjusting seed charging tray (2).
The technical effect that this embodiment reaches does: after the seeds enter the seed cavity from the seed inlet hole, only the seed sequence adjusting cavity can be filled under the action of the seed separating plate, so that the seeds are prevented from entering the seed feeding cavity and causing reseeding in the operation process; the saddle-shaped unilateral seed posture adjusting queuing roller is arranged at one side with the order adjusting teeth and one side without the order adjusting teeth at intervals, under the combined action of the saddle-shaped unilateral seed posture adjusting queuing roller and the order V-shaped grooves formed in the bosses of the fixed order tray cover, seeds are sequentially queued on the order V-shaped grooves in the best seed feeding posture, the length of the order V-shaped grooves is 1/4 boss perimeter, the seeds are extruded at the lowest end after being sequentially filled on the order V-shaped grooves, and fall into the seed feeding transition port by the self gravity of the seeds, and the seeds are ensured to be accurately and rapidly filled; if the seeds in the seed throwing transition port do not enter the radial secondary seed filling hole once to complete seed filling along with the rotation of the dynamic sequence adjusting seed filling disc, the seeds can be ensured to enter the axial primary seed filling U-shaped groove for transition, and the seeds fall into a certain radial secondary seed filling hole closest to the seeds by the dead weight in the primary seed filling U-shaped groove in the running process of the seed sowing device, so that the continuous and reliable seed filling is ensured, and the phenomenon of seed missing in the sowing process is avoided; if the seeds enter the radial secondary seed charging hole, the self-growing position of the seeds is not changed any more until the radial secondary seed charging hole rotates to the position of the unique seed discharging opening formed on the fixed sequence disc cover along with the movable sequence-adjusting seed charging disc, and the seeds in the radial secondary seed charging hole can fall into the duckbill to complete seed charging by means of dead weight; the device has simple structure, can realize ordered seed filling, ensures the continuity and reliability of the seed filling and improves the seed filling performance of the seed sowing device.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the double-type side-charging precision seed-metering device in the embodiment comprises all the technical features of embodiment 1, and in addition, comprises a saddle-type double-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller (19), wherein the installation method of the saddle-type double-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller (19) is the same as that of the saddle-type single-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller (13), and the saddle-type double-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller and the saddle-type single-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller are detachable; the posture adjusting teeth arranged at the two ends of the saddle-shaped bilateral seed posture adjusting queuing roller (19) are staggered and asymmetric, and the distance between the two posture adjusting teeth is larger than the maximum diameter of the seeds.
The technical effect that this embodiment reaches does: the detachable saddle-type double-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller is provided, posture adjusting teeth arranged at two ends of the saddle-type double-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller are staggered and asymmetric, the distance between the two posture adjusting teeth is larger than the maximum diameter of seeds, the seed posture in the sequencing V-shaped groove is ensured, the seed posture between the sequencing teeth is adjusted to enter the sequencing V-shaped groove, and the seeds are sequentially queued in the sequencing V-shaped groove in the optimal seed throwing posture, so that the continuity and reliability of seed filling are ensured; the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller and the saddle-shaped double-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller can be selectively installed according to two schemes according to the self-growing shape parameters of seeds, and can be freely combined for multi-scheme installation in order to achieve the optimal seed filling effect.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.
In the present invention, the terms "mounting," "connecting," "fixing," and the like are used in a broad sense, for example, "connecting" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Claims (2)

1. A compound side-charging precision seed-metering device is characterized by comprising: the automatic seed sorting device comprises a fixed sorting plate cover (1), a movable sorting seed charging plate (2), a movable ring (3), a movable duckbill (4), a fixed duckbill (5), a movable duckbill connecting plate (6), a cylindrical torsion spring (7), a main fixed shaft (10), a saddle-shaped single-side seed posture-adjusting queuing roller (13), a sorting shaft (15) and a seed separating plate (18); one side of the sequencing plate cover (1) is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other end of the sequencing plate cover is fixed on the main fixed shaft (10) through a pin; the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2) is in interference fit with a flange type sliding bearing 1 (12) and assembled on the main fixed shaft (10), one side of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2) is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other side of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc is axially limited on the connecting shaft (10) through a pin; 8 mm gaps are reserved between the axial end surface and the radial circumferential surface of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-charging tray (2) and the fixed sequence tray cover (1); the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling tray (2) and the fixed sequence-arranging tray cover (1) form a seed cavity; the movable ring (3) and the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling disc (2) are connected and fixed through three evenly-distributed bolts; the fixed duckbill (5) is welded on one side of the seed cavity of the movable sequence-adjusting seed charging tray (2) and is connected with the movable duckbill connecting sheet (6) through a pin, the movable duckbill connecting sheet (6) is hinged with the movable duckbill (4) through a pin, and the cylindrical torsion spring (7) is fixed between the movable duckbill connecting sheet (6) and the fixed duckbill (5); the seed separating plate (18) is welded on one side of the seed cavity of the movable sequence-adjusting seed-filling tray (2) to divide the seed cavity into a seed sequence-adjusting cavity (20) and a seed-throwing cavity (21); a unique seed discharging port (9) is formed in the circumferential end face of the fixed sequencing plate cover (1) corresponding to one side of the seed feeding cavity (21), a sequencing V-shaped groove (11) with the length of 1/4 boss circumferences is formed in a boss on the inner side of the fixed sequencing plate cover (1) corresponding to one side of the seed sequence adjusting cavity (20), and a seed feeding transition port (22) is formed below the sequencing V-shaped groove; ten uniformly distributed sequence adjusting shafts (15) are welded on one side of a seed cavity of the movable sequence adjusting seed charging tray (2), the saddle type single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller (13) and the flange type sliding bearing 2 (14) are arranged on the sequence adjusting shafts (15) in an interference fit manner, one end of the saddle type single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller (13) is positioned through a shaft shoulder, and the other end of the saddle type single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller is axially limited through a screw; the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing roller (13) is arranged at the side with the posture adjusting teeth and the side without the posture adjusting teeth at intervals, and five seeds are correspondingly arranged; an axial one-time seed filling U-shaped groove (16) is formed on a boss of the inner cavity of the dynamic sequence-adjusting seed filling disc (2); ten radial secondary seed filling holes (17) which are uniformly distributed are formed in the axial primary seed filling U-shaped groove (16); the saddle-shaped single-side seed posture adjusting queuing rollers (13) correspond to the radial secondary seed charging holes (17) one by one.
2. The compound type side-charging precision seed-metering device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a saddle-type double-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller (19), wherein the mounting method of the saddle-type double-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller (19) is the same as that of the saddle-type single-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller (13), and the saddle-type double-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller and the saddle-type single-side seed pose-adjusting queuing roller are detachable; the posture adjusting teeth arranged at the two ends of the saddle-shaped bilateral seed posture adjusting queuing roller (19) are staggered and asymmetric, and the distance between the two posture adjusting teeth is larger than the maximum diameter of the seeds.
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