CN111867862A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Air conditioner for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111867862A
CN111867862A CN201980019939.3A CN201980019939A CN111867862A CN 111867862 A CN111867862 A CN 111867862A CN 201980019939 A CN201980019939 A CN 201980019939A CN 111867862 A CN111867862 A CN 111867862A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat medium
heat
refrigerant
circuit
radiator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201980019939.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
石関徹也
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanden Corp
Original Assignee
Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp filed Critical Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp
Publication of CN111867862A publication Critical patent/CN111867862A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00321Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
    • B60H1/00342Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-liquid type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00921Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/323Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/04Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0409Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/25Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501Bypass valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an air conditioner for a vehicle, which can easily set target cooling temperatures of a plurality of devices to be cooled under the condition that the target cooling temperatures are different. The method comprises the following steps: a first heat medium circuit (30) through which a first heat medium that absorbs heat released from the battery (B) flows; a second heat medium circuit (40) through which a second heat medium that absorbs heat released from the electric motor (M) flows; a first heat medium heat exchanger (23a) that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit (20) and a first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit (30) to release heat from the first heat medium to the refrigerant; and a second heat medium heat exchanger (23b) which is connected to the downstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the first heat medium heat exchanger (23a) in the refrigerant circuit (20) and which exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit (20) and the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit (40) so as to release heat from the second heat medium to the first heat medium.

Description

Air conditioner for vehicle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an air conditioner for a vehicle, which is applicable to a vehicle including a plurality of devices that emit heat when used, such as an electric motor for traveling and a battery that stores electric power supplied to the electric motor for traveling.
Background
Conventionally, such a vehicle air conditioner includes a refrigerant circuit including a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an expansion valve, and the indoor heat exchanger supplies air, which has exchanged heat with a refrigerant, into the vehicle interior to perform cooling, heating, dehumidification, and the like of the vehicle interior.
In addition, as a vehicle on which the vehicle air conditioner is mounted, there are vehicles including a plurality of devices that release heat when used, such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle, which include an electric motor as a drive source and a battery that stores electric power supplied to the electric motor.
Therefore, in the vehicle, it is known that a plurality of devices that release heat are connected to a cooling water circuit, each device is cooled by cooling water flowing through the cooling water circuit, and the cooling water that has absorbed heat by cooling the device is made to radiate heat by heat exchange with a refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit (for example, see patent document 1).
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2018-43741
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
In the vehicle, the target cooling temperatures of the respective devices to be cooled are different. In the vehicle, since a plurality of devices having different target cooling temperatures are connected to one cooling water circuit, there is a possibility that control for setting each of the plurality of devices to be cooled to the target cooling temperature becomes complicated.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can easily set target cooling temperatures for a plurality of devices to be cooled, when the target cooling temperatures are different from each other.
Technical scheme for solving technical problem
In order to achieve the above object, an air conditioner for a vehicle according to the present invention includes: a refrigerant circuit having a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an expansion valve, and adjusting a temperature or humidity of air in a vehicle interior by heat-exchanging the air supplied into the vehicle interior with a refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger; a first heat medium circuit through which a first heat medium that absorbs heat released from the first heat radiator flows; a second heat medium circuit through which a second heat medium that absorbs heat released from the second heat radiator circulates; a first heat medium radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit to release heat from the first heat medium to the refrigerant; and a second heat medium radiator that is connected to a downstream side in a refrigerant flow direction of the first heat medium radiator in the refrigerant circuit, and that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and a second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit to release heat from the second heat medium to the refrigerant.
As a result, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit exchanges heat with the first heat medium in the first heat medium radiator before exchanging heat with the second heat medium in the second heat medium radiator, and therefore, the first heat medium can be cooled to a temperature lower than that of the second heat medium.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, since the first heat medium can be cooled to a temperature lower than the second heat medium, the temperature of the first radiator cooled by the first heat medium can be cooled to a temperature lower than the temperature of the second radiator cooled by the second heat medium, and the plurality of radiators are connected to the first heat medium circuit or the second heat medium circuit in accordance with the target cooling temperatures, respectively, whereby the first radiator and the second radiator can be easily set to the target cooling temperatures, respectively, without complicated control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a vehicle air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the vehicle air conditioner illustrating the battery cooling operation and the first motor cooling operation.
Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the vehicle air conditioner illustrating the second motor cooling operation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the vehicle air conditioner illustrating the battery heating operation and the second motor cooling operation.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention.
The air conditioner 1 for a vehicle according to the present invention is applied to a vehicle that can travel by the driving force of an electric motor, such as an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle.
A vehicle is provided with: an electric motor M as a second radiator for traveling; and a battery B as a first radiator for traveling, which stores electric power supplied to the electric motor M. The electric motor M and the battery B are different in temperature zone that can be used. Further, the electric motor M and the battery B are members that release heat due to use, respectively. Therefore, the electric motor M and the battery B need to be cooled or heated separately, respectively. The electric motor M is preferably used in a temperature range of, for example, 30 to 50 ℃, and the battery B is preferably used in a temperature range of, for example, 10 to 30 ℃ lower than the temperature range in which the electric motor M can be used.
As shown in fig. 1, the air conditioner 1 for a vehicle includes: an air conditioning unit 10, the air conditioning unit 10 being provided in a vehicle cabin of a vehicle; a refrigerant circuit 20, the refrigerant circuit 20 being provided throughout the vehicle interior and outside of the vehicle interior; a first heat medium circuit 30 through which a first heat medium that absorbs heat released from battery B or heats battery B flows; and a second heat medium circuit 40 through which a second heat medium 40 for absorbing heat released from the electric motor M flows is provided.
The air conditioning unit 10 has an air flow path 11 for circulating air supplied into the vehicle interior. An external air inlet 11a and an internal air inlet 11b are provided at one end of the air flow path 11, the external air inlet 11a allowing air outside the vehicle compartment to flow into the air flow path 11, and the internal air inlet 11b allowing air inside the vehicle compartment to flow into the air flow path 11. Further, a not-shown sole air outlet that blows out the air flowing through the air flow path 11 toward the sole of the passenger, a not-shown natural air outlet that blows out the air flowing through the air flow path 11 toward the upper body of the passenger, and a not-shown front windshield defogging air outlet that blows out the air flowing through the air flow path 11 toward the surface of the vehicle interior of the front glass of the vehicle are provided on the other end side of the air flow path 11.
A suction port switching damper 13 is provided at one end of the air flow path 11, and the suction port switching damper 13 can open one of the outside air suction port 11a and the inside air suction port 11b and close the other. The suction port switching damper 13 can switch an external air supply mode in which the internal air suction port 11b is closed and the external air suction port 11a is opened, an internal air circulation mode in which the external air suction port 11a is closed and the internal air suction port 11b is opened, and an internal and external air suction mode in which the external air suction port 11a and the internal air suction port 11b are opened, respectively, by positioning the suction port switching damper 13 between the external air suction port 11a and the internal air suction port 11 b.
An indoor fan 12 such as a sirocco fan is provided at one end side in the air flow path 11, and the indoor fan 12 is configured to circulate air from one end side to the other end side of the indoor flow path 11.
A heat absorber 14 as an indoor heat exchanger is provided on the downstream side of the air flow direction of the indoor fan 12 in the air flow path 11, and the heat absorber 14 cools and dehumidifies the air flowing through the air flow path 11. Further, a radiator 15 as an indoor heat exchanger is provided on the downstream side of the heat absorber 14 in the air flow direction in the air flow path 11, and the radiator 15 heats the air flowing through the air flow path 11.
The radiator 15 is disposed on one side in the orthogonal direction of the air flow path 11, and a radiator bypass flow path 11c bypassing the radiator 15 is formed on the other side in the orthogonal direction of the air flow path 11. An air heater 16 is provided on the air flow path 11 on the downstream side of the radiator 15 in the air flow direction, and the air heater 16 heats air supplied into the vehicle interior.
An air mixing damper 17 is provided between the heat absorber 14 and the radiator 15 in the air flow path 11, and the air mixing damper 17 adjusts the ratio of air heated by the radiator 15 in the air passing through the heat absorber 14. The air mix damper 17 closes one of the radiator bypass flow path 11c and the radiator 15 to the upstream side in the air flow direction and opens the other of the radiator bypass flow path 11c and the radiator 15 to the upstream side in the air flow direction of the radiator 15 and the radiator bypass flow path 11c, or opens both of the radiator bypass flow path 11c and the radiator 15 to adjust the opening degree of the radiator 15 to the upstream side in the air flow direction. The air mix damper 17 has an opening degree of 0% in a state where the radiator bypass flow path 11c is opened by closing the upstream side in the air flow direction of the radiator 15 in the air flow path 11, and has an opening degree of 100% in a state where the radiator bypass flow path 11c is closed by opening the upstream side in the air flow direction of the radiator 15 in the air flow path 11.
The refrigerant circuit 20 includes: the heat sink 14; the heat sink 15; a compressor 21 for compressing a refrigerant; an outdoor heat exchanger 22 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and air outside the vehicle interior by the outdoor heat exchanger 22; a first heat medium heat exchanger 23a serving as a first heat medium radiator, the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 and the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30; a second heat medium heat exchanger 23b serving as a second heat medium radiator for exchanging heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 and the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40; a first expansion valve 24a, a second expansion valve 24b, and a third expansion valve 24c, the first expansion valve 24a, the second expansion valve 24b, and the third expansion valve 24c being capable of adjusting valve opening degrees between fully closed and fully open; a first solenoid valve 25a and a second solenoid valve 25b for opening and closing a flow path of the refrigerant, the first solenoid valve 25a and the second solenoid valve 25b being provided; a first check valve 26a and a second check valve 26b for restricting a flow direction of the refrigerant in the flow path of the refrigerant; and an accumulator 27 for separating the refrigerant of gas from the refrigerant of liquid to prevent the refrigerant of liquid from being sucked into the compressor 21. The members are connected by, for example, aluminum pipes or copper pipes. As the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20, for example, R-134a or the like is used.
Specifically, the refrigerant flow path 20a is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the radiator 15 to the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 21. The refrigerant flow path 20b is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 to the refrigerant outflow side of the radiator 15. The first expansion valve 24a is provided in the refrigerant circulation path 20 b. The refrigerant flow path 20c is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorber 14 to the refrigerant outflow side of the outdoor heat exchanger 22. The refrigerant flow path 20c is provided with a first check valve 26a and a second expansion valve 24b in this order from the outdoor heat exchanger 22 side. The refrigerant flow path 20d is formed by connecting the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 21 to the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorber 14. In refrigerant flow path 20d, second check valve 26b and accumulator 27 are provided in this order from heat absorber 14 side. The refrigerant flow path 20e is formed by connecting the first check valve 26a and the second expansion valve 24b in the refrigerant flow path 20c while bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger 22 between the radiator 15 and the first expansion valve 24a in the refrigerant flow path 20 b. The refrigerant circulation path 20e is provided with a first solenoid valve 25 a. The refrigerant flow path 20f is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a to a portion between the second expansion valve 24b and the connection portion of the refrigerant flow path 20e in the refrigerant flow path 20 c. The third expansion valve 24c is provided in the refrigerant circulation path 20 f. The refrigerant flow path 20g is formed by connecting the refrigerant inflow side of the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b to the refrigerant outflow side of the first heat medium heat exchanger 23 a. The refrigerant flow path 20h is formed by connecting the second check valve 26b and the accumulator 27 in the refrigerant flow path 20d on the refrigerant outflow side of the second heat medium heat exchanger 23 b. Refrigerant flow path 20i is formed by connecting the space between heat absorber 14 and second check valve 26b in refrigerant flow path 20d to the space between outdoor heat exchanger 22 and first check valve 26a in refrigerant flow path 20 c. The second solenoid valve 25b is provided in the refrigerant circulation path 20 i.
The first heat medium circuit 30 includes the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a, a first heat medium pump 31 for pumping the first heat medium, a heat medium heater 32 for heating the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30, a first heat medium three-way valve 33, and a battery B for storing electric power for vehicle running, and these components are connected by, for example, an aluminum pipe or a copper pipe. As the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30, for example, an antifreeze such as ethylene glycol is used.
Specifically, the heat medium flow path 30a is formed by connecting the heat medium inlet of the first heat medium three-way valve 33 to the heat medium discharge side of the first heat medium pump 31. The heat medium flow path 30b is formed by connecting the heat medium inflow side of the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a to one of the two heat medium outflow ports of the first heat medium three-way valve 33. The heat medium flow path 30c is formed by connecting the heat medium inflow side of the battery B to the heat medium outflow side of the first heat medium heat exchanger 23 a. The heat medium heater 32 is provided in the heat medium flow path 30 c. The heat medium flow path 30d is formed by connecting the heat medium intake side of the first heat medium pump 31 to the heat medium outflow side of the battery B. The other heat medium outlet of the first heat medium three-way valve 33 is connected to the heat medium flow path 30c on the upstream side in the heat medium flow direction of the heat medium heater 32 by bypassing the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a, thereby forming a heat medium flow path 30 e. The first heat medium three-way valve 33 switches the communication target of the heat medium flow path 30a to the heat medium flow path 30b side or the heat medium flow path 30e side.
The second heat medium circuit 40 includes the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b, a second heat medium pump 41 for pumping the second heat medium, a radiator 42 for exchanging heat between the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40 and the air outside the vehicle, a second heat medium three-way valve 43, and an electric motor M for driving the vehicle, and these components are connected to each other by, for example, an aluminum pipe or a copper pipe. As the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40, for example, an antifreeze such as ethylene glycol is used.
Specifically, the heat medium flow path 40a is formed by connecting the heat medium inflow side of the electric motor M to the heat medium discharge side of the second heat medium pump 41. The heat medium flow path 40b is formed by connecting the heat medium inlet of the second heat medium three-way valve 43 to the heat medium outlet of the electric motor M. The heat medium flow path 40c is formed by connecting the heat medium inflow side of the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b to one of the two heat medium outflow ports of the second heat medium three-way valve 43. The heat medium flow path 40d is formed by connecting the heat medium intake side of the second heat medium pump 41 to the heat medium outflow side of the second heat medium heat exchanger 23 b. The heat medium flow path 40e is formed by connecting the heat medium inflow side of the radiator 42 to the other heat medium flow outlet of the second heat medium three-way valve 43. The heat medium flow path 40f is formed by connecting the heat medium suction side of the second heat medium pump 41 to the heat medium discharge side of the radiator 42. The second heat medium three-way valve 43 switches the object to which the heat medium flow path 40b communicates to the heat medium flow path 40c side or the heat medium flow path 40e side.
The outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the radiator 42 are heat exchangers formed of fins and tubes, and are disposed outside the vehicle interior such as an engine compartment along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, which is the direction of air flow. An outdoor fan 22a is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the radiator 42, and the outdoor fan 22a is configured to circulate air outside the vehicle interior in the front-rear direction when the vehicle is stopped.
In the vehicle air conditioning apparatus 1 configured as described above, the temperature and humidity of the air in the vehicle interior are adjusted using the air conditioning unit 10 and the refrigerant circuit 20.
For example, in the cooling operation for lowering the temperature in the vehicle interior, the air conditioning unit 10 drives the indoor fan 12 and sets the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 to 0%. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the compressor 21 is driven in a state in which the first expansion valve 24a is fully opened, the second expansion valve 24b is set to a predetermined valve opening degree, the third expansion valve 24c is fully closed, the first solenoid valve 25a is closed, and the second solenoid valve 25b is closed.
Thus, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 flows through the refrigerant flow path 20a, the radiator 15, the refrigerant flow path 20b, the outdoor heat exchanger 22, the refrigerant flow path 20c, the heat absorber 14, and the refrigerant flow path 20d in this order as shown by solid arrows in fig. 1, and is sucked into the compressor 21.
Since the opening degree of the air mixing damper 17 is 0%, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 does not radiate heat in the radiator 15, but radiates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and absorbs heat in the heat absorber 14.
The air flowing through the air flow path 11 is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that absorbs heat in the heat absorber 14, and is blown out into the vehicle interior.
In addition, for example, in the dehumidification-air cooling operation in which the temperature and humidity in the vehicle interior are reduced, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 of the air conditioning unit 10 is set to an opening degree greater than 0% in the refrigerant flow path of the refrigerant circuit 20 during the cooling operation.
Thereby, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 radiates heat in the radiator 15 and the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and absorbs heat in the heat absorber 14.
The air flowing through the air flow path 11 is dehumidified and cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the heat absorber 14, heated up to a target blow-out temperature in the radiator 15, and blown out into the vehicle interior.
For example, in the dehumidification and heating operation in which the humidity in the vehicle interior is lowered and the temperature is raised, the first expansion valve 24a is set to a predetermined valve opening smaller than the full opening in the flow path of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 20 during the cooling operation. Further, the opening degree of the air mix damper 17 of the air conditioning unit 10 is set to an opening degree larger than 0%.
Thereby, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 radiates heat in the radiator 15, and absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the heat absorber 14.
The air flowing through the air flow path 11 of the air conditioning unit 10 is dehumidified and cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that absorbs heat in the heat absorber 14, heated up to a target blow-out temperature in the radiator 15, and blown out.
In the air conditioning unit 10, for example, during a heating operation for raising the temperature in the vehicle interior, the indoor blower 12 is driven and the air mixing damper 17 is set to an opening degree greater than 0%. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the compressor 21 is driven in a state in which the first expansion valve 24a is set to a predetermined valve opening degree smaller than the fully open state, the second expansion valve 24b and the third expansion valve 24c are set to the fully closed state, the first electromagnetic valve 25a is closed, and the second electromagnetic valve 25b is opened.
Thus, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 flows through the refrigerant flow path 20a, the radiator 15, the refrigerant flow path 20b, the outdoor heat exchanger 22, a part of the refrigerant flow path 20c, the refrigerant flow path 20i, and a part of the refrigerant flow path 20d in this order as indicated by broken line arrows in fig. 1, and is sucked into the compressor 21.
The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 radiates heat in the radiator 15, and absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 22.
The air flowing through the air flow path 11 of the air conditioning unit 10 is heated by heat exchange with the refrigerant radiated from the radiator 15 without being subjected to heat exchange with the refrigerant in the heat absorber 14, and is blown out into the vehicle interior.
Further, heat is released from the electric motor M and the battery B while the vehicle is running. Therefore, in the air conditioning apparatus 1 for a vehicle, in a state where the temperature and humidity in the vehicle interior are adjusted using the air conditioning unit 10 and the refrigerant circuit 20, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a battery cooling operation for cooling the battery B and a motor cooling operation for cooling the electric motor M are performed.
Here, the motor cooling operation can perform a first motor cooling operation for releasing heat released from the electric motor M into the air outside the vehicle interior through the radiator 42 as shown in fig. 2 and a second motor cooling operation for releasing heat released from the electric motor M into the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 through the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b as shown in fig. 3.
In the battery cooling operation, the third expansion valve 24c is set to a predetermined valve opening degree in the refrigerant circuit 20, and the first heat medium pump 31 is driven by causing the flow path of the first heat medium three-way valve 33 to communicate with the heat medium flow path 30b side in the first heat medium circuit 30.
In the second heat medium circuit 40, the first motor cooling operation sets the flow path of the second heat medium three-way valve 43 on the heat medium flow path 40e side, and drives the second heat medium pump 41.
As shown in fig. 2, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 flows through the refrigerant flow path 20f, flows into the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a, absorbs heat, flows through the refrigerant flow path 20h, merges with the refrigerant flow path 20d, and is sucked into the compressor 21. At this time, in the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b, the second heat medium does not flow through the heat medium-side flow path, and therefore the refrigerant does not exchange heat with the second heat medium.
On the other hand, the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30 is heated by the heat released from the battery B, and is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant that has absorbed heat in the first heat medium heat exchanger 23 a.
The battery B is cooled by the first heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant via the first heat medium heat exchanger 23 a.
In the first motor cooling operation, the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40 is heated by the heat released from the electric motor M as shown in fig. 2, and is cooled by heat exchange with the air outside the vehicle interior in the radiator 42.
The electric motor M is cooled by the second heat medium that exchanges heat with the air outside the vehicle compartment via the radiator 42.
In the second motor cooling operation, the third expansion valve 24c is set to a predetermined valve opening degree in the refrigerant circuit 20, and the first heat medium pump 31 is driven by causing the flow path of the first heat medium three-way valve 33 to communicate with the heat medium flow path 30d side in the first heat medium circuit 30, as in the battery cooling operation. In the second heat medium circuit 40, the flow path of the second heat medium three-way valve 43 is set on the heat medium flow path 40c side, and the second heat medium pump 41 is driven.
As shown in fig. 3, in the second motor cooling operation, the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40 is heated by the heat released from the electric motor M, and is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the second heat medium heat exchanger 23 b.
The electric motor M is cooled by the second heat medium that exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat medium heat exchanger 23 b.
In the case where the second motor cooling operation is performed simultaneously with the battery cooling operation, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 first exchanges heat with the first heat medium in the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a, and then exchanges heat with the second heat medium in the second heat medium circuit 40. At this time, the target cooling temperature of the first heat medium is set to a temperature lower than the target cooling temperature of the second heat medium. The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 absorbs heat in the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a and then absorbs heat in the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b, so that the amount of heat absorbed in the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a can be increased. Therefore, the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30 can be cooled to a temperature lower than the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40.
In a state where the temperature and humidity in the vehicle interior are adjusted using the air conditioning unit 10 and the refrigerant circuit 20, as shown in fig. 4, the electric motor M is cooled by the second motor cooling operation, and the battery heating operation can be performed when the battery B needs to be heated.
In the battery heating operation, in the first heat medium circuit 30, the flow path of the first heat medium three-way valve 33 is set on the heat medium flow path 30e side, the first heat medium pump 31 is driven, and the heat medium heater 32 is driven.
The first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30 is heated by the heat medium heater 32. The battery B is heated by the first heat medium heated by the heat medium heater 32.
In addition, when the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant is insufficient in a state where the air-conditioning unit 10 and the refrigerant circuit 20 are used to perform heating or dehumidifying heating in the vehicle interior, the insufficient amount of heat absorbed is compensated for by causing the refrigerant to absorb heat released from one or both of the first heat medium circuit 30 and the second heat medium circuit 40.
As described above, the air conditioner for a vehicle according to the present embodiment includes: a refrigerant circuit 20 for adjusting the temperature or humidity of air in the vehicle interior by exchanging heat between the air supplied into the vehicle interior and the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 20; a first heat medium circuit 30 through which a first heat medium that absorbs heat released from battery B flows in first heat medium circuit 30; a second heat medium circuit 40 through which a second heat medium that absorbs heat released from the electric motor M flows in the second heat medium circuit 40; a first heat medium heat exchanger 23a configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 and the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30 so as to release heat from the first heat medium to the refrigerant; and a second heat medium heat exchanger 23b connected to a downstream side in the refrigerant flow direction of the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a in the refrigerant circuit 20, and configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 and the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40 so as to release heat from the second heat medium to the refrigerant.
Accordingly, since the first heat medium can be cooled to a temperature lower than the second heat medium, the temperature of the battery B cooled by the first heat medium can be cooled to a temperature lower than the temperature of the electric motor M cooled by the second heat medium, and the battery B and the electric motor M are connected to the first heat medium circuit 30 or the second heat medium circuit 40, respectively, in accordance with the target cooling temperatures, whereby the battery B and the electric motor M can be easily set to the target cooling temperatures, respectively, without performing complicated control.
The target cooling temperature of the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30 is set to a temperature lower than the target cooling temperature of the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40.
Accordingly, the battery B having the target cooling temperature lower than the target cooling temperature of the electric motor M can be reliably cooled to the target cooling temperature by being connected to the first heat medium circuit 30.
The second heat medium circuit 40 further includes: heat medium circulation paths 40e and 40f, the heat medium circulation paths 40e and 40f bypassing the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b and circulating the second heat medium; and a radiator 42, the radiator 42 exchanging heat between the second heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow paths 40e and 40f and the air outside the vehicle compartment.
This allows heat to be radiated from the second heat medium to the air outside the vehicle interior, and therefore the electric motor M can be cooled without passing through the refrigerant circuit 20 and the second heat medium circuit 30.
The first heat medium circuit 30 also includes a heat medium heater 32, and the heat medium heater 32 heats the first heat medium flowing therethrough.
Accordingly, since the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30 can be heated, when the battery B needs to be heated, for example, when the vehicle starts to travel in a low-temperature environment, the battery B can be heated by the heated first heat medium. In the heating operation, when the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant circuit 20 from the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is insufficient, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 can absorb heat from the first heat medium via the first heat medium heat exchanger 23 a.
A battery B for supplying electric power for vehicle running is connected to the first heat medium circuit 30, and an electric motor M for vehicle running is connected to the second heat medium circuit 40.
Thus, in a vehicle such as an electric vehicle, the battery B and the electric motor M, which have different usable temperature ranges, can be cooled to different temperatures.
In the above embodiment, the battery B as the first radiator and the electric motor M as the second radiator are cooled, but the present invention is not limited to this. If the target cooling temperature of the second radiator is higher than the target cooling temperature of the first radiator, for example, a power supply device such as a converter or an electronic component, which is a constituent element of a vehicle, may be used as the first radiator, and the electric motor M may be used as the second radiator.
In the above embodiment, the second heat medium circuit 40 is provided with the heat medium circulation paths 40e and 40f and the radiator 42, in which the heat medium circulation paths 40e and 40f bypass the second heat medium heat exchanger 23b to circulate the second heat medium, and the radiator 42 exchanges heat between the second heat medium flowing through the heat medium circulation paths 40e and 40f and the air outside the vehicle compartment. As in the second heat medium circuit 40, the first heat medium circuit 30 may be provided with a bypass flow path that bypasses the first heat medium heat exchanger 23a and circulates the heat medium, and a radiator that exchanges heat between the first heat medium flowing through the bypass flow path and the air outside the vehicle compartment.
In the above embodiment, the antifreeze solution is used as the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit 30 and the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit 40, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this. If heat exchange can be performed between the refrigerant and the first heat medium, or between the first heat medium and the second heat medium, for example, water, oil, or the like can be used as the first heat medium and the second heat medium.
(symbol description)
14 a heat sink; 15 a heat sink; 20 a refrigerant circuit; 21 a compressor; 22 an outdoor heat exchanger; 23a first heat medium heat exchanger; 23b a second heat medium heat exchanger; 30 a first heat medium circuit; 32 a thermal medium heater; 40 a second heat medium circuit; a 42 heat emitter; b, a battery; m electric motor.

Claims (6)

1. An air conditioning device for a vehicle, comprising:
a refrigerant circuit having a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, and an expansion valve, and adjusting a temperature or humidity of air in a vehicle interior by heat-exchanging the air supplied into the vehicle interior with a refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger;
a first heat medium circuit through which a first heat medium that absorbs heat released from the first heat radiator flows;
A second heat medium circuit through which a second heat medium that absorbs heat released from the second heat radiator circulates;
a first heat medium radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit to release heat from the first heat medium to the refrigerant; and
and a second heat medium heat exchanger that is connected to a downstream side of the first heat medium radiator in the refrigerant circuit in a refrigerant flow direction, and that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and a second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit to release heat from the second heat medium to the refrigerant.
2. The air conditioning device for vehicles according to claim 1,
the target cooling temperature of the first heat medium flowing through the first heat medium circuit is set to a temperature lower than the target cooling temperature of the second heat medium flowing through the second heat medium circuit.
3. The air conditioning device for vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2,
the second heat medium circuit includes: a bypass flow path that bypasses the second heat medium radiator and circulates the second heat medium; and a radiator that exchanges heat between the second heat medium flowing through the bypass flow path and air outside the vehicle compartment.
4. The air conditioning device for vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3,
the first heat medium circuit includes: a bypass flow path that bypasses the first heat medium radiator to circulate the first heat medium; and a radiator that exchanges heat between the first heat medium flowing through the bypass flow path and air outside the vehicle compartment.
5. The air conditioning device for vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4,
the first heat medium circuit has a heater that heats the first heat medium.
6. The air conditioning device for vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5,
the first radiator is a battery that supplies electric power for running the vehicle,
the second radiator is an electric motor for vehicle travel.
CN201980019939.3A 2018-05-28 2019-03-12 Air conditioner for vehicle Pending CN111867862A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2018-101604 2018-05-28
JP2018101604A JP2019206215A (en) 2018-05-28 2018-05-28 Vehicular air conditioning device
PCT/JP2019/009928 WO2019230117A1 (en) 2018-05-28 2019-03-12 Vehicle air-conditioning apparatus

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CN111867862A true CN111867862A (en) 2020-10-30

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CN (1) CN111867862A (en)
DE (1) DE112019002760T5 (en)
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JP2023046573A (en) * 2021-09-24 2023-04-05 サンデン株式会社 Heat pump type temperature adjustment device

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