CN111864364B - Antenna structure for improving axial ratio of circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna - Google Patents
Antenna structure for improving axial ratio of circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111864364B CN111864364B CN202010725214.0A CN202010725214A CN111864364B CN 111864364 B CN111864364 B CN 111864364B CN 202010725214 A CN202010725214 A CN 202010725214A CN 111864364 B CN111864364 B CN 111864364B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microstrip patch antennas, in particular to an antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna, which comprises a microwave medium substrate, wherein a metal floor is fixed on the bottom surface of the microwave medium substrate, a corner-cut metal patch is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the microwave medium substrate, a through hole is formed in the middle of the corner-cut metal patch, a metal cylinder is arranged in the through hole and comprises a central column, a plurality of thickened sleeves are sequentially sleeved on the outer side of the central column from inside to outside, and a plurality of height adjusting columns are sequentially connected to the top end of the metal cylinder in a threaded manner. The design of the invention can realize flexible allocation of the axial ratio characteristic of the circularly polarized antenna by adjusting the radius and the height of the metal cylinder after the PCB is processed, so that the antenna meets the requirement of actual indexes, and the debugging performance of an antenna product is improved; meanwhile, during mass production, the rejection rate of products can be reduced and the production cost can be reduced by the allocation measure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microstrip patch antennas, in particular to an antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna.
Background
The microstrip patch antenna has the advantages of wide beam, low profile, light weight, small volume, low cost, convenience for integration and array formation, and the like, and is widely researched and applied. For circularly polarized microstrip antennas, a commonly used technical scheme is to adopt a form of a corner cut antenna, that is, two top corners on a diagonal of a rectangular patch are cut off to realize circular polarization, and the circularly polarized microstrip antenna is commonly used as a GPS receiving antenna. By adopting the scheme, the structure is simple and easy to realize, but the circular polarization characteristic is unstable, so that the axial ratio of the antenna is high, and the stability of received signals is insufficient; on the other hand, the machining error of the cutting angle can cause the change of the circular polarization characteristic, and the scheme is not easy to debug after machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an improve antenna structure of circular polarization corner cut microstrip antenna axial ratio, includes the microwave medium base plate, the bottom surface of microwave medium base plate has the metal floor through the fix with screw, be fixed with corner cut metal paster through insulating sticky even in the middle of the top surface of microwave medium base plate, the centre of corner cut metal paster is equipped with the through-hole, one side of corner cut metal paster is connected with allotment stub through allotment wire, the opposite side of allotment stub is connected with the feed probe through the microstrip feeder, be equipped with the metal cylinder in the through-hole, the metal cylinder includes the center post, the outside of center post is equipped with a plurality of thick sleeve pipes from interior to the outer cover in proper order, wherein the outside add thick sleeve pipe overcoat and be equipped with the outer tube, the top of metal cylinder threaded connection has a plurality of altitude mixture control posts in proper order.
Preferably, an upper mounting hole is formed in the middle of the microwave dielectric substrate, a lower mounting hole is formed in the middle of the metal floor, and the upper mounting hole is equal to the lower mounting hole in aperture and is communicated with the lower mounting hole in the up-and-down direction.
Preferably, the feed probe comprises a fixing plate, an L-shaped probe is fixedly clamped in the fixing plate, the outer end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped probe is connected with the microstrip feeder, and the bottom end of the vertical section of the L-shaped probe penetrates through the microwave dielectric substrate and then is electrically connected with the inner core of the coaxial socket.
Preferably, a threaded rod is integrally formed at the bottom end of the central column, the length of the threaded rod is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the microwave medium substrate and the metal floor, and a nut is connected to the threaded rod after the threaded rod sequentially penetrates through the upper mounting hole and the lower mounting hole.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the central column is larger than the aperture of the upper mounting hole, the outer diameter of the threaded rod is equal to the aperture of the upper mounting hole, and the outer diameter of the outer sleeve is smaller than the aperture of the through hole.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the central column is regularly provided with a plurality of first limiting grooves, and the top end of the central column is provided with a first threaded hole.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the thickening sleeve is regularly and integrally formed with a plurality of limiting strips, and the outer side wall of the thickening sleeve is regularly provided with a plurality of second limiting grooves.
Preferably, the limiting strips are matched with the first limiting grooves in size and in one-to-one correspondence with the first limiting grooves in position, and the first limiting grooves are equal to the second limiting grooves in size.
Preferably, the height adjusting column comprises a center adjusting column, the cross-sectional shape and the size of the center adjusting column are the same as those of the center column, a thread block is integrally formed at the bottom end of the center adjusting column and is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole, a plurality of third limiting grooves are regularly arranged on the outer side wall of the center adjusting column, a second threaded hole is formed in the top end of the center adjusting column, and the size of the second threaded hole is the same as that of the first threaded hole.
Preferably, the outer side of the central adjusting column is sequentially sleeved with a plurality of thickening adjusting sleeves from inside to outside, wherein the thickening adjusting sleeve on the outermost side is sleeved with an outer adjusting sleeve, the thickening adjusting sleeve and the thickening adjusting sleeve have the same cross-sectional shape and size, and the outer adjusting sleeve and the outer sleeve have the same cross-sectional shape and size.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of the circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna can realize flexible allocation of the axial ratio characteristic of the circularly polarized antenna by adjusting the change of the radius and the height of the metal cylinder after the PCB is processed, so that the antenna meets the requirement of actual indexes, the stability of receiving signals of the antenna is improved, and the debugging performance of antenna products is improved; meanwhile, during mass production, the rejection rate of products can be reduced and the production cost can be reduced by the allocation measure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partially disassembled structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the corner cut metal patch of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of a deployment node according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed probe of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial half-section structure of a feed probe according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the partially disassembled structure of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a disassembled structure of a metal cylinder according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the split structure of the height adjusting column in the invention.
In the figure:
1. a microwave dielectric substrate; 11. an upper mounting hole;
2. a metal floor; 21. a lower mounting hole;
3. cutting a corner metal patch; 31. a through hole;
4. allocating branch nodes; 41. allocating a lead; 42. a microstrip feed line;
5. a feed probe; 51. a fixing plate; 52. an L-type probe;
6. a metal cylinder; 61. a central column; 611. a threaded rod; 612. a nut; 613. a first limit groove; 614. a first threaded hole; 62. thickening the sleeve; 621. a limiting strip; 622. a second limit groove; 63. an outer sleeve;
7. a height adjustment post; 71. a central adjustment post; 711. a thread block; 712. a third limiting groove; 713. a second threaded hole; 72. thickening the adjusting sleeve; 73. an outer adjustment sleeve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described invention is only a part of the invention, not the whole invention. All other inventions obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the inventions of the present invention without any creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "intermediate," "length," "height," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the figures, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the figures, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least one, e.g., one, two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the present invention provides a technical solution:
the utility model provides an improve antenna structure of circular polarization corner cut microstrip antenna axial ratio, including microwave medium base plate 1, there is metal floor 2 microwave medium base plate 1's underrun screw fixation, be fixed with corner cut metal paster 3 through insulating adhesive in the middle of microwave medium base plate 1's the top surface, the centre of corner cut metal paster 3 is equipped with through-hole 31, one side of corner cut metal paster 3 is connected with allotment stub 4 through allotment wire 41, the opposite side of allotment stub 4 is connected with feed probe 5 through microstrip feeder 42, be equipped with metal cylinder 6 in the through-hole 31, metal cylinder 6 includes center post 61, the outside of center post 61 is overlapped from interior to the outside in proper order and is equipped with a plurality of thick sleeve pipes 62, wherein the thick sleeve pipe of 62 overcoat in the outside is equipped with outer tube 63, the top of metal cylinder 6 threaded connection has a plurality of altitude mixture control post 7 in proper order.
In this embodiment, the microwave dielectric substrate 1 has an upper mounting hole 11 in the middle, and the metal floor 2 has a lower mounting hole 21 in the middle.
Furthermore, the microwave dielectric substrate 1 and the metal floor 2 have the same shape and size, so that the outer edge of the bottom plate part of the antenna structure is flat.
Further, the upper mounting hole 11 and the lower mounting hole 21 have the same aperture and are communicated up and down, so that the metal cylinder 6 can be mounted compactly.
In this embodiment, the feeding probe 5 includes a fixing plate 51, and an L-shaped probe 52 is fixed to the fixing plate 51 in a snap-fit manner.
Further, the fixing plate 51 is fixed on the microwave dielectric substrate 1 by adhesion of an insulating adhesive, so that the feed probe 5 is stably installed.
Further, the outer end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped probe 52 is connected to the microstrip feed line 42, the bottom end of the vertical section of the L-shaped probe 52 passes through the microwave dielectric substrate 1 and then is electrically connected to the coaxial socket inner core, and the L-shaped probe 52 is used for detecting the feed of the metal floor 2 and conducting the feed to the deployment branch node 4.
In this embodiment, a threaded rod 611 is integrally formed at the bottom end of the central pillar 61, the length of the threaded rod 611 is greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the microwave dielectric substrate 1 and the metal floor 2, and the threaded rod 611 passes through the upper mounting hole 11 and the lower mounting hole 21 in sequence and is then connected with a nut 612 through threads, so that the central pillar 61 is firmly and stably mounted, and the central pillar 61 is short-circuited with the metal floor 2.
Further, the outer diameter of the central column 61 is larger than the diameter of the upper mounting hole 11, so that the central column 61 is prevented from sliding down into the upper mounting hole 11 during mounting.
Further, the outer diameter of the threaded rod 611 is equal to the aperture of the upper mounting hole 11, so that the threaded rod 611 is stably mounted and is not easy to shake, and meanwhile, the threaded rod 611 is ensured to be in sufficient contact with the metal floor 2 to keep a short-circuit state.
Furthermore, the outer diameter of the outer sleeve 63 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 31 to ensure that the metal cylinder 6 of any thickness does not contact the chamfered metal patch 3, i.e., to ensure that the metal cylinder 6 is not electrically connected to the chamfered metal patch 3.
In this embodiment, the outer sidewall of the central post 61 is regularly provided with a plurality of first limiting grooves 613.
Furthermore, a plurality of limiting strips 621 are regularly and integrally formed on the inner side wall of the thickening sleeve 62, and the limiting strips 621 correspond to the first limiting grooves 613 in size and position one to one, so that the central column 61 is in close contact with the adjacent thickening sleeve 62 and is not easy to loosen, and the contact area between the central column and the adjacent thickening sleeve can be increased.
Wherein, the outer diameters of a plurality of thickened sleeves 62 distributed from inside to outside are sequentially increased, and the thicknesses of each layer of thickened sleeves 62 are equal.
Further, a plurality of second limiting grooves 622 are regularly arranged on the outer side wall of the thickening sleeve 62, the first limiting grooves 613 and the second limiting grooves 622 are equal in size, that is, the second limiting grooves 622 of the thickening sleeve 62 are in clamping fit with the limiting strips of the adjacent thickening sleeve 62 on the outer side thereof, so that the metal cylinder 6 is kept in a compact state all the time.
In addition, a plurality of limiting strips 621 are regularly and integrally formed on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve 63, and a limiting groove is not formed on the outer side wall of the outer sleeve 63, so that the outer side of the metal cylinder 6 in the thickest state is smooth and flat.
In this embodiment, the height adjusting column 7 includes a central adjusting column 71, and the cross-sectional shapes and sizes of the central adjusting column 71 and the central column 61 are the same.
Furthermore, a first threaded hole 614 is formed in the top end of the central column 61, a threaded block 711 is integrally formed at the bottom end of the central adjusting column 71, and the threaded block 711 is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole 614, so that the central adjusting column 71 is tightly and stably mounted on the central column 61.
Further, the top end of the central adjusting column 71 is provided with a second threaded hole 713, the size of the second threaded hole 713 is the same as that of the first threaded hole 614, and then the central adjusting columns 71 can be sequentially tightly connected.
In this embodiment, a plurality of thickening adjusting sleeves 72 are sequentially sleeved on the outer side of the central adjusting column 71 from inside to outside, wherein an outer adjusting sleeve 73 is sleeved outside the thickening adjusting sleeve 72 on the outermost side.
Further, a plurality of third limiting grooves 712 are regularly arranged on the outer side wall of the central adjusting column 71.
Further, the cross-sectional shapes and the sizes of the thickening adjusting sleeve 72 and the thickening sleeve 62 are the same, and the cross-sectional shapes and the sizes of the outer adjusting sleeve 73 and the outer sleeve 63 are the same, namely, the height adjusting column 7 with any thickness is ensured to be matched with the metal column 6, and the thickness and the height of the whole metal column can be adjusted through the structure.
It should be noted that the dielectric constant of the microwave dielectric substrate 1 affects the size of the radiation pattern, the size of the corner cut metal patch 3 and the thickness of the microwave dielectric substrate 1 determine the operating frequency of the antenna, and the radius of the through hole 31 and the radius and height of the metal cylinder 6 affect the axial ratio of the antenna.
When the antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of the circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna is used, firstly, the dielectric constant and the plate thickness of the selected microwave dielectric substrate 1 are determined according to requirements, secondly, the corner-cut metal patch 3 with proper size is mounted on the microwave dielectric substrate 1, then, the through hole 31 and the metal cylinder 6 with proper size are adjusted and selected to obtain the optimal axial ratio characteristic, and finally, the voltage standing-wave ratio performance of the antenna is enabled to be optimal at the working frequency by adjusting the adjusting support 4.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described invention, and the above-described invention and the description are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an improve antenna structure of circular polarization corner cut microstrip antenna axial ratio which characterized in that: including microwave medium base plate (1), the bottom surface of microwave medium base plate (1) is fixed with metal floor (2) through the fix with screw, be fixed with corner cut metal paster (3) through insulating glue in the middle of the top surface of microwave medium base plate (1), the centre of corner cut metal paster (3) is equipped with through-hole (31), one side of corner cut metal paster (3) is connected with allotment stub (4) through allotment wire (41), the opposite side of allotment stub (4) is connected with feed probe (5) through microstrip feeder (42), be equipped with metal cylinder (6) in through-hole (31), metal cylinder (6) are including center post (61), the outside of center post (61) is from interior to outer cover in proper order and is equipped with a plurality of thick sleeve pipes (62), wherein the outside thick sleeve pipe (62) overcoat is equipped with outer tube (63), the top of metal cylinder (6) threaded connection has a plurality of altitude mixture control post (7) in proper order, the external diameter of outer tube (63) is less than the aperture of through-hole (31), center post (61) and metal floor (2) short circuit.
2. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the microwave medium base plate is characterized in that an upper mounting hole (11) is formed in the middle of the microwave medium base plate (1), a lower mounting hole (21) is formed in the middle of the metal floor (2), and the upper mounting hole (11) is equal to the lower mounting hole (21) in aperture and is communicated with the lower mounting hole in an up-and-down mode.
3. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the feed probe (5) comprises a fixing plate (51), an L-shaped probe (52) is fixedly clamped in the fixing plate (51), the outer end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped probe (52) is connected with the microstrip feed line (42), and the bottom end of the vertical section of the L-shaped probe (52) penetrates through the microwave medium substrate (1) and then is electrically connected with the inner core of the coaxial socket.
4. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom end of the central column (61) is integrally formed with a threaded rod (611), the length of the threaded rod (611) is larger than the sum of the thicknesses of the microwave medium substrate (1) and the metal floor (2), and the threaded rod (611) sequentially penetrates through the upper mounting hole (11) and the lower mounting hole (21) and is connected with a nut (612) through threads.
5. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna according to claim 4, wherein: the outer diameter of the central column (61) is larger than the aperture of the upper mounting hole (11), the outer diameter of the threaded rod (611) is equal to the aperture of the upper mounting hole (11), and the outer diameter of the outer sleeve (63) is smaller than the aperture of the through hole (31).
6. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of first limiting grooves (613) are regularly arranged on the outer side wall of the central column (61), and a first threaded hole (614) is formed in the top end of the central column (61).
7. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna according to claim 6, wherein: a plurality of limiting strips (621) are regularly and integrally formed on the inner side wall of the thickening sleeve (62), and a plurality of second limiting grooves (622) are regularly arranged on the outer side wall of the thickening sleeve (62).
8. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna of claim 7, wherein: the limiting strips (621) are matched with the first limiting grooves (613) in size and in one-to-one correspondence in position, and the first limiting grooves (613) are equal to the second limiting grooves (622) in size.
9. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna of claim 8, wherein: height-adjusting post (7) are including central regulation post (71), central regulation post (71) with the cross sectional shape, the size homogeneous phase of center post (61) are the same, the bottom integrated into one piece of central regulation post (71) has screw block (711), screw block (711) with first screw hole (614) threaded connection, the rule is equipped with a plurality of third spacing grooves (712) on the lateral wall of central regulation post (71), the top of central regulation post (71) is equipped with second screw hole (713), second screw hole (713) with first screw hole (614) size is the same.
10. The antenna structure for improving the axial ratio of a circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna of claim 9, wherein: the outside of center adjustment post (71) is equipped with a plurality of thick adjusting sleeve pipes (72) of adding from interior to outer cover in proper order, wherein the outside add thick adjusting sleeve pipe (72) overcoat and be equipped with outer adjusting sleeve pipe (73), add thick adjusting sleeve pipe (72) with add the cross sectional shape, the size homogeneous phase of thick sleeve pipe (62), outer adjusting sleeve pipe (73) with the cross sectional shape, the size homogeneous phase of outer tube (63) are the same.
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| CN202010725214.0A CN111864364B (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Antenna structure for improving axial ratio of circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna |
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| CN202010725214.0A CN111864364B (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Antenna structure for improving axial ratio of circularly polarized corner-cut microstrip antenna |
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