CN1118636A

CN1118636A - Antenna system

Info

Publication number: CN1118636A
Application number: CN94191319A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 藤本正弘; 阿利·卢则
Original assignee: Thomson Licensing SAS
Current assignee: Thomson Licensing SAS; Technicolor SA; Technicolor USA Inc
Priority date: 1993-02-28
Filing date: 1994-02-19
Publication date: 1996-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2014-02-19
Also published as: ES2113089T3; JP3461827B2; DE69408303T2; KR960701493A; CA2156259C; JPH08509848A; DE69408303D1; EP0686313A1; CN1037882C; WO1994019842A1; CA2156259A1; KR100303384B1; EP0686313B1; ZA941376B

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to present a feeder for a microwave antenna system which can be integrated together with electronical means on a common circuit board. According to the present invention a slot antenna, preferably shaped as an annular slot (16) is provided on said circuit board (13). This slot can e.g. be etched on the backside (13a) which is normally the ground line (15) of the board (13). The antenna system according to the present invention can be used e.g. for reception of DBS signals.

Description

Antenna system

The present invention relates to as described in the preamble a kind of antenna system according to claim 1.

Generally speaking, receive frequency is higher than the hundreds of megahertz, promptly will and be positioned at a feed of this reflector focal point corresponding to wavelength by means of a paraboloidal reflector less than about 50 centimetres radio frequency signals.

The known focusing that can also adopt other similar paraboloidal reflector, for example di-lens.Adopt the antenna system of di-lens, for example the example of dragon primary (Luneburg) type or even type lens has seen international patent publication WO 92/13373, and wherein this lens cooperate a helical antenna to use.

Known several feed, for example feed horn and helical antenna need waveguide or coaxial line to be used for conveying the received signals to corresponding electronic unit, for example low noise block (LNB).The mode volume of this employing waveguide is greatly and very complicated.Because it has adopted two kinds of technology, promptly be used to the waveguide of transmitting and be used for little band of low noise block LNB, therefore suitable costliness.

Also known, document " microstrip array (P.S.Hall etal., the 14th european microwave meeting (Liege) proceedings, September 10-13,1984 that are used for the reflector feed; Pages 631-636) adopts the antenna feed of a kind of general little band " patch " little array (Patch) as the frequency bandwidth that only is used for a polarization and a relative narrower.

From for example " antenna works handbook " (" ANTENNA ENGINEERING HANDBOOK ", second edition, R.C.Johnson et al., McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1989; Chapter 8) also know and can adopt slot antenna.This antenna can have rectangle, circular or similar shape.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of antenna system, this system has the focusing member as dielectric lens antenna or paraboloidal reflector, and in light weight and compact feed, this feed can be directly with rearmounted electronic unit for example low noise block (LNB) constitute one.

This purpose is that antenna system according to claim 1 realizes.Further improve and provide by appended claims.

According to the present invention, be used for receiving radio signals, particularly the antenna element of microwave signal is a slot antenna, and is on the same wiring board with electronic component, these electronic units are used for handling the signal that is received by antenna element.

The present invention and existing microstrip array relatively have such advantage: the Pattern perturbation from the feed circuit is little, and because size is little and element reduces and can make feed lump better.

Preferably described antenna element is designed to the annulus shape.She Ji advantage is to obtain the frequency bandwidth scope of polarization isolation and broad preferably like this.

In an improvement of the present invention, the etching on the back side of the wiring board of rearmounted electronic component of this slot antenna forms.The part of this back side outside antenna area can be used as earthing conductor.

Further feature of the present invention, advantage and details will be explained by means of the embodiment of accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 shows first embodiment that adopts paraboloidal reflector;

Fig. 2 shows the design of adopting dragon primary (Luneburg) lens;

Fig. 3 shows the details of the feed that is used for Fig. 1 and Fig. 2;

Fig. 4-8 shows the different embodiment of the feed of the embodiment that can be used for Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 shows a paraboloidal reflector 10, and it focuses on a focus 10a with an incident radiation 11, and this focus 10a place is provided with a low noise block (LNB) 12, and this low noise block comprises a housing 14 and a wiring board 13.This LNB 12 comprises an integrated feed, also can be called primary radiator, and this feed will be described in further detail by Fig. 3-8 in the back.These LNB 12 output signals are generally an intermediate frequency (IF) signal to the wide receiver of inserting by 9 expressions of square frame among the figure, and this receiver is handled described signal, thereby can obtain corresponding audio frequency, video and/or data-signal, supplies with user or other control assembly.

In Fig. 2, semicircle dragon primary (Luneberg) lens 20 focus on focus 20a as focusing on incident radiation 11.The refractive index of lens 20 is positioned on the lens surface outside and the position near the surface focus 20a.

Wiring board 13 is known clearly and is shown in Fig. 3, comprises Fig. 3 a and 3b, and Fig. 3 a is the end view that cuts open the wiring board of getting 13 along the A-A line of Fig. 3 b, and Fig. 3 b is the top view of wiring board 13.Be provided with metal covering 15 at the wiring board downside, can for example be connected to ground.In this ground plane 15, be provided with a circular slit 16, can make by etching, and as an annular slot antenna of the radiation that is used to focus on focus 10a.Be provided with a microstrip line 17 and a short-term 17a at the upside 13b of wiring board 13, the signal that receives a certain polarised direction is horizontal polarization for example.For reception another polarized signal, be provided with another microstrip line 18 and a corresponding short-term 18a with this signal in orthogonal.Microstrip

line

17,18 is transferred to its signal the respective input of the rearmounted electronic unit of LNB 12.These electronic units place the upside of this plate 13, but owing to being knownly to illustrate in the drawings.

The size and dimension process optimization of short-

term

17a, 18a is to obtain the better isolation between wide frequency bandwidth and the orthogonal polarization.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1 and 2, wiring board 13 is designed to its broadside orientating reflex device 10 or around the center of lens 20, and plate downside 13a is than more close reflector 10 of plate upside 13b or lens 20.

Be noted that and also can be arranged to plate upside 13b, but this may cause Pattern perturbation and make the structure of shell 14 more difficult than more close reflector 10 of plate downside 13a or lens 20.

By the radiation of these circle slit 16 generations and the radiation that is excited by the electromagnetic wave 11 that focuses on is two-way, in the broadside both sides of this wiring board 13 two maximal points is arranged.For obtaining the one-way radiation wave beam, be provided with closed metal chamber, a back in the embodiment shown in fig. 4.This metallic plate 30 has a pin 31, keeps electrically contacting with ring 19, and there is an insulating barrier 33 bottom of another pin 32 to avoid electrically contacting of 17 of metallic plate 30 and microstrip lines.Described

metal leg

31,32 connects and composes a wire chamber in the horizontal direction with metallic plate 30, and its height H apart from wiring board upside 13b is about

L/4, the wavelength of radiated wave of L here for receiving.The size that should point out Fig. 4 is just for more clearly explaining present embodiment.In fact the thickness of wiring board 13 and

microstrip line

17,18,19 etc. is more much smaller than height H.In other words, the distance between circular slit and the some A also approaches L/4.

Wave polarization by these circle slit 16 radiation is linear originally.Embodiment shown in Figure 5 is suitable for receiving circular polarization.So can adopt hybrid coupler 40.Can obtain a certain circular polarization at a certain output 41, for example right-handed circular polarization (RHCP), and can obtain another circular polarization at another output 42, for example left-hand circular polarization (LHCP).

Fig. 6 shows another embodiment that receives circularly polarized signal.A certain perturbation section 50 is located at respectively with the axle of feeder line (microstrip line) 17 with another perturbation section 51+45 ° and place ,+225 ° of angles.These perturbation sections 50,51 are positioned at plate downside 13a, and are equivalent to a distortion in circular slit 16.By realizing right-handed circular polarization RHCP on these perturbation sections 50,51, online 17.With respect to the axle of feeder line (microstrip line) 18, this perturbation section 50,51 is located at respectively and becomes-45 ° and place ,-225 ° of angles with it.Thereby realize the reception of LHCP on online 18.

Fig. 7 comprises Fig. 7 a and 7b, and Fig. 7 b is the top view of this wiring board 13, and Fig. 7 a is that Fig. 7 b cuts open the cutaway view of getting along the A-A line, and they show an embodiment jointly, may reach the particular radiation degree of described focusing member 10 or 20.A little array is formed in several circular slits for example 4 slit 16a, 16b, 16c and 16d shown in Fig. 7, arranges with ad hoc fashion, is equipped with suitable power division circuit, thereby obtains wideer frequency bandwidth and the polarization characteristic of Geng Gao.In this case, can adopt shared wire chamber 30 ' and need not discrete chamber.So just allow element spacing nearer, have wideer focusing anteena parameter during use, the focal length F that for example focuses on member 10,20 with the ratio of diameter D is

F/D。

F/D is more little, and it is near more that feed focuses on member from this, and the required feed beamwidth that radiation is provided is wide more.

Other parameter also is as a same reason.

The another kind of solution that obtains particular radiation is to cover radiating element with the di-lens with sphere, cylindrical, planar shaped or other shape, keeps feed that very little cross section is arranged.This method has seen document " little band " patch " array with spherical medium coating " (C.M.Hall et al., Published on Pages 89-93 of the book " Advan-ced Antenna Technology ", Vol.2, MICROWAVE EXHIBITIONS ﹠amp; PUBLISHERS, 1987 (ISBN 094682195X)).So repeat no more here.

Described embodiment can make various changes, comprising:

-slit 16,16a ... can be circular and with other various suitable shapes, for example described different shape of Fig. 8.

-housing can adopt the various materials that ripple 11 passes through that are suitable for receiving, and also can establish a hole in 16 zones in the slit in addition.

-this wiring board can be arranged on the end of sealing waveguide, and the distance of waveguide end and wiring board end is about L/4.

Claims

1, a kind of antenna system, it has focusing member (10,20) and feed (12), and its domestic animal is characterised in that this feed (12) comprises a circuit board (13), and this plate (13) is provided with a slot antenna (16).

2, antenna system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this slit (16) are located at the back side (13a) of this circuit board (13).

3, antenna system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, establishes a hybrid coupler (40), is used for receiving the circularly polarized signal of quadrature.

4, according to each described antenna system among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, establish two perturbation sections (50,51), be used for receiving the signal of circular polarization.

5, according to each described antenna system among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, establish a chamber (30), make radiation focus on a direction.

According to each described antenna system among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that 6, the electronic unit of at least a portion low noise block is located on this circuit board 13.

7, according to each described antenna system among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, member (17a, 18a) being arranged so that on this circuit board (13) can receive simultaneously orthogonally polarized signal (horizontal linearity, vertical linearity, RHCP, LHCP).

According to each described antenna system among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that 8, this slot antenna (16) is designed to circular slit or circular gap array (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d).