CN111848320B - 一种手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物和泛解酸内酯的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物和泛解酸内酯的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN111848320B
CN111848320B CN201910352646.9A CN201910352646A CN111848320B CN 111848320 B CN111848320 B CN 111848320B CN 201910352646 A CN201910352646 A CN 201910352646A CN 111848320 B CN111848320 B CN 111848320B
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fatty aldehyde
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达朝山
杜智宏
陶宝秀
秦文娟
袁梦
白彦兵
林行
张连春
殷杭华
姜伟林
余建新
刘学愚
金文究
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Hangzhou Xinfu Science & Technology Co ltd
Lanzhou University
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Abstract

本发明公开由四肽TP或其对映异构体ent‑TP为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应,合成手性2‑羟基‑1,4‑二羰基化合物,以及合成产物的用途。本发明所述的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2‑羟基‑1,4‑二羰基化合物的方法如式1、2所示。本发明催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成光学活性的2‑羟基‑1,4‑二羰基化合物,据此可以进一步合成光学活性的泛解酸内酯,具有:反应条件温和、易操作、催化剂用量小、可以利用四肽及其对映异构体合成两种构型的2‑羟基‑1,4‑二羰基化合物、产率高的优点。

Description

一种手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物和泛解酸内酯的合成 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种由四肽或其对映异构体的手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应,合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物,以及合成产物的用途。
背景技术
光学活性的化合物普遍存在于自然界,在细胞和生物体的生命活动过程中发挥着无可替代的作用。许多药物都是光学活性化合物,手征性是药物的一个重要要素。用手性催化剂催化不对称反应是合成手性化合物最为经济、绿色的方法。不对成催化包含了三个领域,即手性配体-金属复合物催化剂、有机小分子催化剂和生物酶催化反应。由于绿色和良好的经济性能,生物酶催化一直是不对称催化的热点研究领域,但是由于酶蛋白结构的复杂性、易失活、专一性等因素限制了其快速应用。多肽是按照酶催化机理设计并合成的一类新型有机催化剂,具有结构简单、易合成、底物范围广泛、适应反应类型多、反应条件温和、结构稳定等诸多原因,是天然酶的优良模拟物,是化学生物学研究的重点方向。
已有报道证明,人工合成的短肽已经被广泛地应用于催化如Aldol、Michael等诸多不对称反应中,合成多种光学活性化合物[Davie,E.A.C.;Mennen,S.M.;Xu,Y.;Miller,S.J.Chem.Rev.2007,107,5759-5812],其中以不对称的Aldol反应的报道最多。发现新型高效的短肽催化剂一直是手性化合物合成领域的热点。
异丁醛和乙醛酸酯的不对称Aldol反应产生的光学活性2-羟基-3-甲基-3-甲酰基丁酸酯是合成光学活性泛解酸内酯的直接前体化合物,具有重要的应用价值。当前报道的催化该不对称Aldol反应的手性催化剂,都集中于天然或非天然氨基酸领域。脯氨酸及其衍生物催化这一Aldol反应的结果被率先报道,但是ee值最高仅有42%[Zhong,G.;Fan,J.;Barbas,C.F.Tetrahedron Lett.2004,45,5681-5684]。此后发现,非脯氨酸也可以催化这一反应,其ee值有了一定程度的提高:使用10mol%催化量的天然组氨酸为手性有机催化剂最终获得了65%ee[Markert,M.;Scheffler,U.;Mahrwald,R.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2009,131,16642–16643]。紧接着又发现,使用50mol%的天然异亮氨酸催化该反应,在二甲亚砜溶剂中获得了最高77%的ee值和81%的产率[Rohr,K.;Mahrwald,R.Org.Lett.2012,14,2180-2183]。在此之后,同样使用10mol%的组氨酸为催化剂,通过优化反应条件可以把反应的ee值由65%提高到79%,反应的转化率79%[Heidlindemann,M.;Hammel,M.;Scheffler,U.;Mahrwald,R.;Hummel,W.;Berkessel,A.;H.J.Org.Chem.2015,80,3387-3396]。如上所述,这些研究的ee值都未能超越80%,这样的状况使其距离合成高光学活性的泛解酸内酯甚远,因而发现新型、高效的应用于这一反应的手性催化剂急迫而又富于挑战性。
同理,脂肪醛与酰基甲醛(以一水合物形式存在)的不对称Aldol反应也可以合成2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物,该结构是许多生物活性化合物的骨架成分,也可以容易地衍生出许多含多种有机官能团的多手性化合物,在复杂手性化合物与药物合成中具有重要的意义。研究脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物之间的不对称Aldol反应的方法目前还没有***的报道,只是散见于各类文章[Kano,T.;Maruoka K.Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2007,46,1738–1740];[Kano,T.;Maruoka,K.Chem.Eur.J.2009,15,6678–6687];[Yan X.;Feng,X.M.Synlett.2008,73–76],且都使用的是小分子仲胺催化剂。因此,开发其他类型的催化该类反应的催化剂和催化反应的方法非常必要。
发明内容
本发明提供一种采用四肽或其对映异构体为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物的方法,并进一步提供一种合成高光学活性泛解酸内酯的方法。
本发明的一种由四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物的方法是其不对称催化反应的化学反应式如式1、2所示:
其合成过程是:把式1所示的脂肪醛A、乙醛酸酯B、四肽TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到R构型的产物(R)-P,把式1所示的脂肪醛A、乙醛酸酯B、四肽ent-TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到S构型的产物(S)-P,或把式2所示的脂肪醛A、酰基甲醛一水合物C、四肽TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到R构型的产物(R)-Q,把式2所示的脂肪醛A、酰基甲醛一水合物C、四肽ent-TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到S构型的产物(S)-Q,四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP结构如式3所示,
其中:R1、R2是C1~C10的直链烷基、支链烷基或环烷基中的任一种,R3是C1~C4的直链烷基、支链烷基或苯甲基中的任一种,R4是芳基、杂原子芳基、芳乙基或芳基乙烯基中的任一种,R5、R6是C1~C6的直链烷基、支链烷基、环己基、苯基或苯甲基中的任一种,溶剂1是正己烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿、二氯乙烷、***、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚、二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、甲酸乙酯、甲酸甲酯、甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈、丙腈、丁腈、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、或正丁醇中的任一种或任几种的混合物。
优选地,本发明的一种由四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物的方法是:R1=R2是C1~C6的直链烷基,或者R1-R2分别是环庚基、环己基、环戊基、环丁基或环丙基的任一种,R3是C1~C4的直链烷基或支链烷基,R4是苯基、取代苯基、萘基、杂原子芳基、蒽基或芳基乙烯基中的任一种,R5和R6是C1~C4的直链烷基、支链烷基、环己基、苯基或苯甲基中的任一种,溶剂1是二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿、***、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、甲苯、甲醇或甲基叔丁基醚中的任一种。
优选地,本发明的一种由四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物的方法,所使用的催化剂TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为式4所示的任一种,即:
本发明的催化合成方法得到的产物在合成手性泛解酸内酯的应用。
本发明的合成产物在合成手性泛解酸内酯的应用如式5所示,即:把式5所示的(R)-P,加入含还原剂和溶剂2的反应容器中,搅拌反应得到(R)-泛解酸内
酯,或者把式5所示的(S)-P,加入含还原剂和溶剂2的反应容器中,搅拌反应得到(S)-泛解酸内酯,其中R4=Me或Et,溶剂2是二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇中的任一种或几种,还原剂是硼烷、氰基硼氢化钠、醋酸硼氢化钠、硼氢化钠、硼氢化锂、硼氢化钾中的任一种或几种。
优选地,本发明的合成产物在合成手性泛解酸内酯的应用中,溶剂2是甲醇或乙醇中的任一种,还原剂是氰基硼氢化钠、醋酸硼氢化钠、硼氢化钠中的任一种。
本发明人在研究不对称催化的Aldol反应过程中,发现多个四肽催化剂具有优异的不对称催化作用,能够催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成光学活性的2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物,据此可以进一步合成光学活性的泛解酸内酯。其显著优点是,反应条件温和,易操作,催化剂用量小,可以利用四肽及其对映异构体合成两种构型的2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物,产率高,最高可以达到99%,对映选择性高,最高可以达到99%ee,具有良好的应用潜力。用该方法合成的部分产物可以高产率、高对映选择性地合成光学活性泛解酸内脂,ee值达到99%。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步细节描述。需特别说明,以下实施例仅用于说明本发明,本发明的细节不局限于以下实施例。
实施例1
5mL圆底烧瓶中加入准确称量的四肽催化剂ent-TP(0.025mmol)和1.0mL二氯甲烷,在冰水浴下一边搅拌一边加入异丁醛(92μL,1.0mmol),然后加入乙醛酸乙酯(50%甲苯溶液,0.1mL,0.5mmol),反应恢复至室温搅拌,通过TLC检测,用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色来判断反应进行情况。反应结束后,加3~4滴饱和氯化铵溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL×3),少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,柱层析纯化残余油状物,得到产物(S)-P-1。
表1.四肽催化剂ent-TP-1~ent-TP-6催化异丁醛与乙醛酸乙酯不对称Aldol反应的结果
a分离产率。bee值由产物(S)-P-1的苯甲酸酯通过手性HPLC测定。
实施例2
5mL圆底烧瓶中加入准确称量的四肽催化剂ent-TP-2(0.025mmol,10mg)和1.0mL溶剂,在冰水浴下一边搅拌一边加入异丁醛(92μL,1.0mmol),然后加入乙醛酸乙酯(50%甲苯溶液,0.1mL,0.5mmol),反应恢复至室温搅拌,通过TLC检测,用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色来判断反应进行情况。反应结束后,加3~4滴饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL×3),少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,柱层析纯化残余油状物,获得(S)-P-1。
表3.溶剂对四肽ent-TP-2催化异丁醛与乙醛酸乙酯的不对称Aldol反应的影响
a分离产率。bee值由产物(S)-P-1的苯甲酸酯通过手性HPLC测定。
实施例3
5mL圆底烧瓶中加入准确称量的四肽催化剂TP(0.025mmol)和1.0mL乙腈,在冰水浴下一边搅拌一边加入异丁醛(92μL,1.0mmol),然后加入乙醛酸乙酯(50%甲苯溶液,0.1mL,0.5mmol),反应恢复至室温搅拌,通过TLC检测,用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色来判断反应进行情况。反应结束后,加3~4滴饱和氯化铵溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL×3),少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,柱层析纯化残余油状物,得到反应产物(R)-P-1。
表2.四肽TP-1~TP-6催化异丁醛与乙醛酸乙酯的不对称Aldol反应
a分离产率。bee值由产物(R)-P-1的苯甲酸酯通过手性HPLC测定。
实施例4
5mL圆底烧瓶中加入准确称量的四肽催化剂TP-2(0.025mmol,10mg)和1.0mL乙腈,在冰水浴下一边搅拌一边加入脂肪醛(1.0mmol),然后加入乙醛酸酯(0.5mmol),反应恢复至室温搅拌,通过TLC检测,用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色来判断反应进行情况。反应结束后,加3~4滴饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL×3),少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,柱层析纯化残余油状物,得到产物。
表4.四肽TP-2催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯的不对称Aldol反应a
a分离产率。ee值由产物(R)-P的苯甲酸酯通过手性HPLC测定。
实施例5
5mL圆底烧瓶中加入准确称量的四肽催化剂ent-TP-2(0.025mmol,10mg)和1.0mL乙腈,在冰水浴下一边搅拌一边加入脂肪醛(1.0mmol),然后加入乙醛酸酯(0.5mmol),反应恢复至室温搅拌,通过TLC检测,用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色来判断反应进行情况。反应结束后,加3~4滴饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL×3),少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,柱层析纯化残余油状物,得到产物。
表5.四肽ent-TP-2催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯的不对称Aldol反应a
a分离产率。ee值由产物(S)-P的苯甲酸酯通过手性HPLC测定。
实施例6
5mL圆底烧瓶中加入准确称量的四肽催化剂TP-2(0.025mmol,10mg)和1.0mL乙腈,在冰水浴下一边搅拌一边加入酰基甲醛一水合物(1.0mmol),然后加入乙醛酸酯(0.5mmol),反应恢复至室温搅拌,通过TLC检测,用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色来判断反应进行情况。反应结束后,加3~4滴饱和氯化铵溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL×3),少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,柱层析纯化残余油状物,得到产物。
表6.TP-2催化的脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应.a
a分离产率。ee值通过产物Q和新戊二醇形成缩醛后由手性HPLC测定。
实施例7
5mL圆底烧瓶中加入准确称量的四肽催化剂ent-TP-2(0.025mmol,10mg)和1.0mL乙腈,在冰水浴下一边搅拌一边加入酰基甲醛一水合物(1.0mmol),然后加入乙醛酸酯(0.5mmol),反应恢复至室温搅拌,通过TLC检测,用2,4-二硝基苯肼显色来判断反应进行情况。反应结束后,加3~4滴饱和氯化铵溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取(10mL×3),少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,柱层析纯化残余油状物,得到产物。
表7.ent-TP-2催化的脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应.a
a分离产率。ee值通过产物Q和新戊二醇形成缩醛后由手性HPLC测定。
实施例8
把光学纯度为99%ee的(R)-P-1(317.8mg,1.8mmol)溶解于5mL甲醇,把反应瓶置于冰水浴中,在搅拌条件下向反应液中缓慢地分批次加入氰基硼氢化钠(137.6mg,2.19mmol),继续搅拌至反应结束,用5%稀盐酸缓慢淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯相,用少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析快速纯化,得到218mg(R)-泛解酸内酯,产率93%,99%ee。
实施例9.
把光学纯度为99%ee的(R)-P-1(174.3mg,1.0mmol)溶解于5mL乙醇,把反应瓶置于冰水浴中,在搅拌条件下向反应液中缓慢地分批次加入醋酸硼氢化钠(254.4mg,1.2mmol),继续搅拌至反应结束,用5%稀盐酸缓慢淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯相,用少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析快速纯化,得到117mg(R)-泛解酸内酯,产率90%,99%ee。
实施例10
把(R)-P-1(174.3mg,1.0mmol)溶解于5mL乙醇,把反应瓶置于冰水浴中,在搅拌条件下向反应液中缓慢地分批次加入硼氢化钠(45.4mg,1.2mmol),继续搅拌反应结束,用5%稀盐酸缓慢淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯相,用少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析快速纯化,得到115mg(R)-泛解酸内酯,产率88%,99%ee。
实施例11
把(S)-P-1(174.3mg,1.0mmol)溶解于5mL乙醇,把反应瓶置于冰水浴中使反应液冷却至0℃,在搅拌条件下向反应液中缓慢地分批次加入硼氢化钠(45.4mg,1.2mmol),继续搅拌至反应结束,用5%稀盐酸缓慢淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯相,用少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析快速纯化,得到110mg(S)-泛解酸内酯,产率85%,99%ee。
实施例12
把(R)-P-2(160.2mg,1.0mmol)溶解于5mL乙醇,把反应瓶置于冰水浴中,在搅拌条件下向反应液中缓慢地分批次加入硼氢化钠(45.4mg,1.2mmol),继续搅拌至反应结束,用5%稀盐酸缓慢淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯相,用少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析快速纯化,得到113mg(R)-泛解酸内酯,产率87%,99%ee。
实施例13
把(S)-P-2(160.2mg,1.0mmol)溶解于5mL乙醇中,把反应瓶置于冰水浴中使反应液冷却至0℃,在搅拌条件下向反应液中缓慢地分批次加入硼氢化钠(45.4mg,1.2mmol),继续搅拌至反应结束,用5%稀盐酸缓慢淬灭反应,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并乙酸乙酯相,用少量饱和食盐水洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后,用硅胶柱层析快速纯化,得到117mg(S)-泛解酸内酯,产率90%,99%ee。
产物P-1~P-6、Q-1~Q-24和泛解酸内酯依次表征如下:
P-1,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.59(s,1H),4.34(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.27(m,2H),3.02(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),1.30(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.08(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ202.7,172.9,77.1,73.6,62.4,50.5,18.3,16.9,14.2.
P-2,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.58(s,1H),4.37(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),2.96(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),1.16(s,3H),1.08(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ202.5,173.3,73.8,52.7,50.3,18.2,17.1.。
P-3,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.58(s,1H),4.22(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.05(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),1.48(s,9H),1.15(s,3H),1.04(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ202.3,172.0,84.2,73.3,50.6,27.9,18.6,16.0.。
P-4,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.59(s,1H),4.37(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.26(m,2H),3.11(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),2.00–1.86(m,3H),1.76–1.55(m,5H),1.29(t,J=7.2Hz,3H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ201.6,173.2,72.4,62.2,61.6,30.3,28.1,25.9,25.7,14.0.。
P-5,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.59(s,1H),4.32-4.20(m,2H),4.15(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),2.97(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),1.99-1.94(m,1H),1.82-1.78(m,1H),1.72–1.48(m,6H),1.45-1.37(m,1H),1.30(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.26–1.14(m,2H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.5,172.8,77.2,77.0,76.8,73.9,62.2,53.5,27.8,25.9,25.1,22.3,22.1,14.1.。
P-6,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.61(s,1H),4.41(s,1H),4.26(m,2H),2.97(s,1H),1.79–1.63(m,4H),1.29(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),0.89(td,J=7.8,3.0Hz,6H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.0,173.5,72.6,62.2,55.8,22.6,21.7,14.0,8.0,7.90.
Q-1,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.62(s,1H),7.88-7.86(m,2H),7.66–7.62(m,1H),7.51(t,J=8.0Hz 2H),5.28(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.74(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),1.09(s,3H),0.96(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ203.8,201.0,136.0,134.2,129.2129.0,75.9,50.1,19.5,17.5;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C12H14O3+H+]207.1016,found 207.1019.。
Q-2,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.62(s,1H),7.77(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.30(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),5.25(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.73(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.43(s,3H),1.08(s,3H),0.95(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ203.8,200.5,145.4,133.4,129.6,128.8,75.7,50.2,21.8,19.5,17.5;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C13H16O3+H+]221.1172,found 221.1172.。
Q-3,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.55(s,1H),7.62–7.54(m,2H),7.37(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.31(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.20(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.67(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.36(s,3H),1.01(s,3H),0.87(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ202.7,200.2,137.9,135.1,134.0,128.0,127.7,124.9,74.9,49.1,20.3,18.5,16.5;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C13H16O3+H+]221.1172,found 221.1175.。
Q-4,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.51(s,1H),7.53(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.45-7.43(m,1H),7.32–7.27(m,2H),5.20(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),3.88(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.48(s,3H),1.06(s,3H),0.87(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ203.9,202.8,138.2,135.9,132.5,132.3,128.9,125.7,50.9,20.5,18.8,17.9;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C13H16O3+H+]221.1172,found 221.1174.。
Q-5,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.57(s,1H),7.94–7.82(m,2H),7.11(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.14(s,1H),3.63(s,1H),1.03(s,3H),0.92(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ204.2,199.1,131.6,131.5,116.3,116.1,76.2,49.8,19.7,17.8;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C12H13F1O3+H+]225.0921,found 225.0923.。
Q-6,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.51(s,1H),7.49-7.46(m,2H),7.45(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.41–7.35(m,1H),5.29(d,J=2.8Hz,1H),3.73(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),1.12(s,3H),0.93(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ202.8,202.6,136.9,133.0,131.4,131.1,129.6,127.1,78.4,50.9,18.3,17.8;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C12H13ClO3+H+]241.0626,found241.0629.。
Q-7,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.64(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.77(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.60(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.49-7.43(m,1H),5.18(s,1H),3.69(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),1.11(s,3H),1.00(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ204.1,199.6,137.5,135.3,134.0,130.1,128.7,126.8,76.5,49.7,19.7,17.7;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C12H13ClO3+H+]241.0626,found246.0629.。
Q-8,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.63(s,1H),7.84(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.20(s,1H),3.70(s,1H),1.10(s,3H),1.00(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ204.2,199.6,140.8,134.2,130.2,129.3,76.3,49.8,19.7,17.8;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcdfor[C12H13ClO3+H+]241.0626,found 241.0630.。
Q-9,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.63(s,1H),7.76(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.65(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),4.11(s,1H),3.65(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),1.10(s,3H),1.00(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.1,199.7,134.7,132.3,130.2,129.5,76.3,49.8,19.7,17.8;HRMS:(ESI+)m/zcalcd for[C12H13BrO3+H+]287.0100,found 287.0099.
Q-10,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.55(s,1H),7.38–7.33(m,2H),7.31-7.29(m,1H),7.13–7.07(m,1H),5.18(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.64(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),1.01(s,3H),0.89(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ202.7,199.9,158.9,136.3,128.9,120.2,119.5,111.9,76.3,76.0,75.7,75.0,54.5,49.1,18.5,16.5;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C13H16O4+H+]237.1121,found 237.1116.。
Q-11,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.64(s,1H),7.89–7.86(m,2H),6.98–6.95(m,2H),5.23(s,1H),3.89(s,3H),1.08(s,3H),0.98(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.1,199.0,164.5,131.2,128.6,114.2,7,75.5,55.6,50.2,19.6,17.6;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C13H16O4+H+]237.1121,found 237.1123.。
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Q-12,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.64(s,1H),8.01(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.77(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.21(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.67(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),1.13(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.2,199.9,138.8,135.3,135.1,129.1,125.9,125.9,49.6,29.9,19.8,18.0;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C13H13F3O3+H+]297.0709,found 297.0703.。
Q-13,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.67(s,1H),8.41(s,1H),8.03–7.85(m,4H),7.68-7.55(m,2H),5.44(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),3.79(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),1.13(s,3H),0.99(s,3H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ204.0,200.8,136.0,133.2,132.2,130.8,129.7,129.2,129.0,127.9,127.3,123.9,76.0,50.1,19.8,17.6;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C16H16O3+H+]257.1172,found 257.1173.。
Q-14,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.51(s,1H),8.38(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.06(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.82-7.79(m,1H),7.6–7.49(m,3H),5.37(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),4.02(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),1.10(s,3H),0.84(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ203.8,202.78,134.0,134.0,129.6,128.8,128.6,128.4,127.0,124.9,124.1,77.5,51.1,19.1,17.6;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C16H16O3+H+]257.1172,found 257.1179.。
Q-15,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.67(s,1H),7.68-7.67(m,1H),7.39-7.37(m,1H),6.63(m,1H),5.07(s,1H),3.49(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),1.15(s,3H),1.04(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ203.9,188.4,151.2,147.7,120.1,113.2,76.0,50.7,18.8,17.5;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C10H12O4+H+]197.0808,found 197.0810.
Q-16,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.59(s,1H),7.76(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),7.12-7.10(m,1H),4.94(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.47(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),1.10(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ203.3,191.3,140.8,134.8,133.3,127.4,48.9,18.6,16.6;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C10H12O3S+H+]213.0580,found 213.0581.。
Q-17,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.52(s,1H),7.49(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.43(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.38-7.35(m,1H),5.22(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),1.13(s,3H),0.97(s,3H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ202.9,201.8,138.7,135.4,132.5,131.0,130.6,127.6,78.6,50.8,29.9,22.5,18.5,18.0;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C12H12Cl2O3+H+]275.0236,found 275.0244.。
Q-18,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.65(s,1H),8.17(dd,J=6.6,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.90-7.86(m,1H),7.24(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.12(s,1H),3.62(s,1H),1.14(s,3H),1.05(s,3H);13CNMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.6,197.7,163.4,161.7,134.8,134.8,130.1117.0,116.8,49.5,19.8,18.1;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C12H12Br1F1O3+H+]305.0006,found 305.0011.。
Q-19,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.66(s,1H),7.98–7.94(m,2H),7.75–7.70(m,2H),7.66–7.61(m,2H),7.50-7.46(m,2H),7.45–7.40(m,1H),5.30(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.73(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),1.12(s,3H),1.01(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.0,200.4,147.0,139.4,134.6,129.4,129.0,128.6,127.5,127.3,76.0,50.1,19.7,17.6;HRMS:(ESI+)m/zcalcd for[C18H18O3+H+]283.1329,found 283.1330.。
Q-20,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.47(s,1H),6.86(s,2H),4.83(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),3.51(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.27(d,J=11.4Hz,9H),1.14(s,3H),1.01(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDC3)δ208.7,203.0,140.3,135.3,134.9,129.5,80.8,50.6,21.1,20.1,18.8,17.6;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C15H20O3+H+]249.1485,found 249.1486.。
Q-21,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.31(s,1H),8.58(s,1H),8.05(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.96(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.60–7.56(m,2H),7.54–7.50(m,2H),5.32–5.29(m,1H),3.80(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),1.10(s,3H),0.74(s,3H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ208.6,202.6,131.8,131.1,131.0,129.1,128.5,127.7,125.7,124.3,81.8,51.1,17.9,17.8;HRMS:(ESI+)m/zcalcd for[C20H19O3+H+]307.1329,found 307.1327.。
Q-22,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.68(s,1H),7.76(d,J=15.6Hz,1H),7.60-7.57(m,2H),7.47–7.40(m,3H),6.89(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),4.64(s,1H),3.63(s,1H),1.16(d,J=1.2Hz,6H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ204.0,198.7,145.1,133.9,131.3,129.1,128.8,121.8,78.9,50.5,29.7,18.7,17.9;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C14H16O3+H+]233.1172,found 233.1178.。
Q-23,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.71(s,1H),8.15–7.93(m,2H),7.21–7.12(m,1H),5.04(s,1H),3.93(s,1H),2.12–2.02(m,1H),1.97-1.1.84(m,2H),1.72–1.55(m,4H),1.26(s,1H).13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ206.2,198.0,131.9,131.8,116.0,115.9,78.0,31.2,30.9,25.9,25.4;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcd for[C14H15F1O3+H+]251.1078,found 251.1079.。
Q-24,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ9.70(s,1H),7.96–7.90(m,2H),7.20–7.15(m,2H),5.00(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),3.61(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.04–1.99(m,1H),1.65–1.56(m,4H),1.40–1.24(m,5H);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ207.2,198.7,167.1,165.4,131.7,131.6,116.2,116.1,77.8,77.2,77.0,76.8,53.0,29.1,28.3,25.2,22.5,22.3;HRMS:(ESI+)m/z calcdfor[C15H17O3F1+H+]265.1234,found 265.1237.。
泛解酸内酯,1H NMR(400M,CDCl3)δ4.14(s,1H),4.04(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.96(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),2.95(s,1H),1.24(s,3H),1.09(s,3H).。

Claims (6)

1.一种由四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物的方法,其特征是,不对称催化反应的化学反应式如式1、2所示:
其合成过程是:把式1所示的脂肪醛A、乙醛酸酯B、四肽TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到R构型的产物(R)-P,把式1所示的脂肪醛A、乙醛酸酯B、四肽ent-TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到S构型的产物(S)-P,或把式2所示的脂肪醛A、酰基甲醛一水合物C、四肽TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到R构型的产物(R)-Q,把式2所示的脂肪醛A、酰基甲醛一水合物C、四肽ent-TP加入含溶剂1的反应容器中搅拌,得到S构型的产物(S)-Q,四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP结构如式3所示,
其中:R1、R2是C1~C10的直链烷基、支链烷基或环烷基中的任一种,R3是C1~C4的直链烷基、支链烷基或苯甲基中的任一种,R4是芳基、杂原子芳基、芳乙基或芳基乙烯基中的任一种,R5、R6是C1~C6的直链烷基、支链烷基、环己基、苯基或苯甲基中的任一种,溶剂1是正己烷、二氯甲烷、氯仿、二氯乙烷、***、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、乙二醇二甲醚、二氧六环、乙酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、甲酸乙酯、甲酸甲酯、甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈、丙腈、丁腈、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、或正丁醇中的任一种或任几种的混合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种由四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物的方法,其特征是:R1=R2是C1~C6的直链烷基,或者R1-R2分别是环庚基、环己基、环戊基、环丁基或环丙基的任一种,R3是C1~C4的直链烷基或支链烷基,R4是苯基、取代苯基、萘基、杂原子芳基、蒽基或芳基乙烯基中的任一种,R5和R6是C1~C4的直链烷基、支链烷基、环己基、苯基或苯甲基中的任一种,溶剂1是二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯仿、***、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、甲苯、甲醇或甲基叔丁基醚中的任一种。
3.权利要求1所述的由四肽TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为手性催化剂催化脂肪醛与乙醛酸酯或脂肪醛与酰基甲醛一水合物的不对称Aldol反应合成手性2-羟基-1,4-二羰基化合物的方法,所使用的催化剂TP或其对映异构体ent-TP为式4所示的任一种,即:
4.如权利要求1所述方法合成得到的产物在合成手性泛解酸内酯的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的合成产物在合成手性泛解酸内酯的应用,其特征在于如式5所示,即:把式5所示的(R)-P,加入含还原剂和溶剂2的反应容器
中,搅拌反应得到(R)-泛解酸内酯,或者把式5所示的(S)-P,加入含还原剂和溶剂2的反应容器中,搅拌反应得到(S)-泛解酸内酯,其中R4=Me或Et,溶剂2是二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇中的任一种或几种,还原剂是硼烷、氰基硼氢化钠、醋酸硼氢化钠、硼氢化钠、硼氢化锂、硼氢化钾中的任一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的合成产物在合成手性泛解酸内酯的应用,其特征是,溶剂2是甲醇或乙醇中的任一种,还原剂是氰基硼氢化钠、醋酸硼氢化钠、硼氢化钠中的任一种。
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