CN111847557A - Efficient focusing solar seawater desalination distiller and method - Google Patents
Efficient focusing solar seawater desalination distiller and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111847557A CN111847557A CN202010654103.5A CN202010654103A CN111847557A CN 111847557 A CN111847557 A CN 111847557A CN 202010654103 A CN202010654103 A CN 202010654103A CN 111847557 A CN111847557 A CN 111847557A
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- steam
- seawater
- steam generating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency focusing solar seawater desalination distiller, which comprises a seawater holding device, a steam generating device, a steam condensing device, a light and heat collecting device, a stock solution supplementing device and a collecting container, wherein the seawater holding device is arranged on the seawater holding device; a steam generating device is arranged in the seawater containing device and mainly comprises a bracket, a capillary material and particles, wherein the capillary material covers the surface of the bracket, and the particles are arranged on the upper surface of the capillary material; a steam condensing device with an inclined surface is arranged above the steam generating device; the seawater containing device and the steam generating device are arranged in the light and heat collecting device; the seawater holds the device outside and is the comdenstion water collection region, and the comdenstion water collection region is equipped with the hole and passes through the outside collection container of aqueduct connection. The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, through the steam condensing device and the light-gathering and heat-collecting device, heat can be localized on the surface of the capillary material, and the thin-layer water body wetted by the capillary material is heated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment such as solar seawater desalination, sewage purification and the like, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency focusing solar distiller and a method.
Background
The shortage and the increasing demand of fresh water resources become a very important problem for people in the last century, and therefore, it is necessary to obtain fresh water resources from waste water, salt water, ground, sea water and other alternative resources. Since 97% of water on the earth is seawater, the seawater desalination technology has great application prospect in solving the problem. At present, the common commercial solar seawater desalination mode has a complex structure and can consume high-grade energy seriously.
Based on the universality and indifference of solar energy distribution, the solar distiller can provide a solution for water shortage in remote and arid areas; meanwhile, the industrialization of module scale can be realized. The solar still has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, available local materials, low maintenance cost and the like. However, due to the solar stillLong water production time, low efficiency and daily production capacity of about 2-3L/m2Thermal efficiency is about 30%, so solar distillers are not generally used. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for further improvements or improvements to better achieve efficient use of solar energy to drive water evaporation and accelerated condensation to meet the needs of modern clean drinking water.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an efficient focusing solar seawater desalination distiller and a method.
The high-efficiency focusing solar seawater desalination distiller comprises a seawater holding device, a steam generating device, a steam condensing device, a light and heat collecting device, a stock solution supplementing device and a collecting container; a steam generating device is arranged in the seawater containing device and mainly comprises a bracket, a capillary material and particles, wherein the capillary material covers the surface of the bracket, and the particles are arranged on the upper surface of the capillary material; a steam condensing device with an inclined surface is arranged above the steam generating device; the seawater containing device and the steam generating device are arranged in the light and heat collecting device; a condensed water collecting area is arranged outside the seawater containing device, and is provided with holes and connected with an external collecting container through a water guide pipe; the seawater holding device is provided with holes and is connected with an external stock solution supplementing device or a concentrated water discharging device through a water guide pipe.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the particle size of the particles is less than 10 microns, the light absorption rate is more than 95%, and the capillary material is a fiber product.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the vapor condensing device is hydrophilic or hydrophobic glass.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the light and heat collecting device is made of a light reflecting material, and the light reflecting rate is more than 90%.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the steam generating device is a plane type steam generating device or a vertically arranged cylinder type steam generating device, the corresponding seawater containing device is a cup-shaped container, the corresponding steam condensing device is a conical steam condensing device, and the corresponding light and heat collecting device is a parabola surface rotating around the axis.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the planar steam generating device comprises a bracket consisting of an upper plane and two fins, wherein the surface of the bracket is covered with a capillary material; the vertically-arranged cylindrical steam generating device comprises a vertically-arranged cylindrical bracket, wherein the surface of the bracket is covered with a capillary material; the conical steam condensing device consists of a conical top cover and a cylindrical transparent cover, and a condensed water collecting area is arranged between the cylindrical transparent cover and the seawater containing device; the inclined surface of the conical vapor condensing means is at an angle in the range of 10 to 45 to the horizontal.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the steam generating device is a horizontal cylindrical steam generating device, the corresponding seawater containing device is a rectangular container, the corresponding steam condensing device is a triangular groove-shaped steam condensing device, and the corresponding light-gathering and heat-collecting device is a parabolic groove-shaped curved surface.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the horizontal cylindrical steam generating device comprises a horizontal cylindrical bracket, wherein the surface of the bracket is covered with a capillary material; the bottom of the triangular groove-shaped steam condensing device is connected with the top of the parabolic groove-shaped curved surface; the inclined surface of the triangular groove type steam condensing device forms an included angle with the horizontal plane within the range of 10-45 degrees.
The seawater desalination method of the high-efficiency focusing solar seawater desalination distiller comprises the following steps: the steam generating device receives sunlight which penetrates through the steam condensing device and irradiates the surface and the sunlight which is collected and reflected by the light-gathering and heat-collecting device and is used for evaporating the fluid to be evaporated in the seawater containing device, wherein the fluid to be evaporated comes from the stock solution supplementing device; the steam condensing device condenses steam generated by the steam generating device, and liquid drops generated by condensation flow into a condensed water collecting area after being collected and are discharged to a collecting container; and the concentrated water of the seawater containing device is discharged to a concentrated water discharging device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the steam condensing device and the light-gathering and heat-collecting device, heat can be localized on the surface of the capillary material, and a thin-layer water body which wets the capillary material is heated; the nano particles can capture solar energy more efficiently, and the high heat conductivity of the nano particles can quickly transfer heat to a target medium; the small size of the nanoparticles enables the thin water layer to be divided into a large number of crescent shaped water surfaces, increasing the rate of water evaporation.
2. In the invention, the area of the top of the device is limited, and the solar radiation which directly penetrates through the top glass and reaches the evaporation surface is relatively limited, so that the light-gathering and heat-collecting device is arranged, more sunlight can be additionally collected and gathered on the surface of the capillary material, and the sunlight absorption rate is enhanced.
3. The invention can effectively adapt to various environmental conditions by various structure matching problems, and adopts different structural forms according to actual requirements.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of seawater desalination using a planar steam generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a planar vapor generation device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical cylindrical steam generator for seawater desalination according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar seawater desalination distiller in the second embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: the seawater collecting device comprises a seawater containing device 1, a cup-shaped container 101, a rectangular container 102, a steam generating device 2, a capillary material 201, particles 202, a flat-type steam generating device 203, a vertical cylindrical steam generating device 204, a horizontal cylindrical steam generating device 205, a steam condensing device 3, a conical steam condensing device 301, a triangular groove-shaped steam condensing device 302, a light and heat collecting device 4, a parabolic rotation surface 401 around an axis, a parabolic groove-shaped curved surface 402, a raw liquid supplementing device 5 and a collecting container 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
This patent takes place the structural demand of part according to energy demand and vapour, the spatial layout and the structure to traditional distillation plant have carried out the design again, especially improved to the design of the evaporation surface wherein, the corresponding heat localization that can realize, make more the concentrating on the evaporation surface of heat, improve the temperature of localization, the water above the rapid evaporation cloth, and then improve evaporation efficiency, the utilization ratio of solar energy has been promoted, but also improve unit evaporation surface sunshine collection rate as far as possible.
The high-efficiency focusing solar seawater desalination distiller comprises a seawater containing device 1, a steam generating device 2, a steam condensing device 3, a light and heat collecting device 4, a stock solution supplementing device 5 and a collecting container 6; a steam generating device 2 is arranged in the seawater containing device 1, the steam generating device 2 mainly comprises a support, a capillary material 201 and particles 202 and is used for increasing evaporation efficiency, the capillary material 201 covers the surface of the support, and the particles 202 are arranged on the upper surface of the capillary material 201; a steam condensing device 3 with an inclined surface is arranged above the steam generating device 2; the seawater containing device 1 and the steam generating device 2 are arranged in the light and heat collecting device 4, so that the sunlight absorption rate is enhanced; a condensed water collecting area is arranged outside the seawater containing device 1, and is provided with holes and is connected with an external collecting container 6 through a water guide pipe; the seawater holding device 1 is provided with holes and is connected with an external stock solution supplementing device 5 or a concentrated water discharging device through a water guide pipe.
The seawater holding device 1 serves to separate a fluid to be evaporated from condensed water.
The particles 202 are treated in a physical or chemical mode and then modified on the surface of the capillary material 201, the nano cloth can be effectively wetted by water, the balance of evaporation and replenishment of water is ensured, the heat absorption effect is increased, the wetted nano cloth can effectively increase the water evaporation surface area, the evaporation efficiency of water is greatly improved, the purified water yield is improved, and the cost is low; the particle size of the particles 202 is less than 10 microns, the light absorption rate is more than 95%, the capillary material 201 is a fiber product, such as cloth, paper towel, gauze and the like, the water absorption performance is good, and the capillary water absorption capacity can sufficiently compensate the loss of evaporated water.
The vapor condensing device 3 is hydrophilic or hydrophobic glass.
The light and heat collecting device 4 is made of a light reflecting material, the light reflecting rate is greater than 90%, and the obtaining efficiency of energy in unit time can be improved.
The steam generating device 2 receives sunlight which penetrates through the steam condensing device 3 and irradiates the surface and the sunlight which is collected and reflected by the light-gathering and heat-collecting device 4 and is used for evaporating seawater in the seawater containing device 1, and the seawater comes from the stock solution supplementing device 5; the steam condensing device 3 condenses the steam generated by the steam generating device 2, and liquid drops generated by condensation flow into a condensed water collecting area after being collected and are discharged to a collecting container 6; the concentrated water of the seawater holding device 1 is discharged to a concentrated water discharging device.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the steam generating device 2 may be a flat type steam generating device 203 (including but not limited to circular, square, rectangular) or a vertical cylindrical type steam generating device 204 (vertically placed), the corresponding seawater accommodating device 1 is a cup-shaped container 101, the corresponding steam condensing device 3 is a conical steam condensing device 301, and the corresponding light and heat collecting device 4 is configured as a parabolic surface 401 rotating around an axis.
The planar steam generating device 203 comprises a bracket consisting of an upper plane and two fins, wherein the surface of the bracket is covered with a capillary material 201, water is absorbed mainly through the two fins extending into the liquid to be evaporated, and the liquid to be evaporated is led to the circular upper surface through the two fins due to the capillary action, and the circular surface is just positioned at the focus position of a parabolic groove of the light and heat collecting device. The upright cylindrical vapor generator 204 includes an upright cylindrical support having a surface covered with a wicking material 201.
The conical steam condensing unit 301 is composed of a conical top cover and a cylindrical transparent cover, and the region between the cylindrical transparent cover and the seawater holding device 1 is a condensed water collecting region. The inclined surface of the conical vapor condensing means 301 is at an angle in the range of 10 to 45 to the local horizontal.
Example two
As shown in fig. 5, the steam generating device 2 may be a horizontal cylindrical steam generating device 205 (horizontally placed), the corresponding seawater accommodating device 1 is a rectangular container 102, the corresponding steam condensing device 3 is a triangular groove-shaped steam condensing device 302, and the corresponding light and heat collecting device 4 is set to be a parabolic groove-shaped curved surface 402.
The horizontal cylindrical vapor generation device 205 includes a horizontal cylindrical holder, the surface of which is covered with a capillary material 201.
The bottom of the triangular trough shaped vapor condensing unit 302 is connected to the top of the parabolic trough shaped curved surface 402. The inclined surface of the triangular trough-type vapor condensing unit 302 is at an angle ranging from 10 to 45 to the local horizontal plane.
Claims (9)
1. A high-efficiency focusing solar seawater desalination distiller is characterized in that: comprises a seawater holding device (1), a steam generating device (2), a steam condensing device (3), a light and heat collecting device (4), a stock solution supplementing device (5) and a collecting container (6); a steam generating device (2) is arranged in the seawater containing device (1), the steam generating device (2) mainly comprises a support, a capillary material (201) and particles (202), the capillary material (201) covers the surface of the support, and the particles (202) are arranged on the upper surface of the capillary material (201); a steam condensing device (3) with an inclined surface is arranged above the steam generating device (2); the seawater containing device (1) and the steam generating device (2) are arranged in the light and heat collecting device (4); a condensed water collecting area is arranged on the outer side of the seawater containing device (1), and is provided with holes and is connected with an external collecting container (6) through a water guide pipe; the seawater holding device (1) is provided with holes and is connected with an external stock solution supplementing device (5) or a concentrated water discharging device through a water guide pipe.
2. The high efficiency concentrating solar desalination distiller of claim 1 wherein: the particle size of the particles (202) is less than 10 microns, the light absorption rate is greater than 95%, and the capillary material (201) is a fiber product.
3. The high efficiency concentrating solar desalination distiller of claim 1 wherein: the vapor condensing device (3) is made of hydrophilic or hydrophobic glass.
4. The high efficiency concentrating solar desalination distiller of claim 1 wherein: the light and heat collecting device (4) is made of a light reflecting material, and the light reflecting rate is more than 90%.
5. The high efficiency concentrating solar desalination distiller of claim 1 wherein: the steam generating device (2) is a plane type steam generating device (203) or a vertical cylinder type steam generating device (204), the corresponding seawater containing device (1) is a cup-shaped container (101), the corresponding steam condensing device (3) is a conical steam condensing device (301), and the corresponding light and heat collecting device (4) is a parabola surface (401) rotating around the axis.
6. The high efficiency concentrating solar desalination distiller of claim 5 wherein: the plane type vapor generating device (203) comprises a bracket consisting of an upper plane and two fins, wherein the surface of the bracket is covered with a capillary material (201); the vertical cylindrical steam generating device (204) comprises a vertical cylindrical bracket, and the surface of the bracket is covered with a capillary material (201); the conical steam condensing device (301) consists of a conical top cover and a cylindrical transparent cover, and a condensed water collecting area is arranged between the cylindrical transparent cover and the seawater containing device (1); the inclined surface of the conical vapour condensing means (301) is at an angle in the range of 10 to 45 ° to the horizontal.
7. The high efficiency concentrating solar desalination distiller of claim 1 wherein: the steam generating device (2) is a transverse cylindrical steam generating device (205), the corresponding seawater containing device (1) is a rectangular container (102), the corresponding steam condensing device (3) is a triangular groove-shaped steam condensing device (302), and the corresponding light and heat collecting device (4) is set to be a parabolic groove-shaped curved surface (402).
8. The high efficiency concentrating solar desalination distiller of claim 7 wherein: the horizontal cylindrical steam generating device (205) comprises a horizontal cylindrical bracket, and the surface of the bracket is covered with a capillary material (201); the bottom of the triangular groove-shaped vapor condensing device (302) is connected with the top of the parabolic groove-shaped curved surface (402); the inclined surface of the triangular groove type steam condensing device (302) forms an included angle with the horizontal plane within the range of 10 degrees to 45 degrees.
9. A method for desalinating seawater by using a high efficiency focusing solar seawater desalination distiller as defined in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the steam generating device (2) receives the sunlight which penetrates through the steam condensing device (3) and irradiates the surface and the sunlight which is collected and reflected by the light-gathering and heat-collecting device (4) and is used for evaporating the fluid to be evaporated in the seawater containing device (1), and the fluid to be evaporated comes from the stock solution supplementing device (5); the steam condensing device (3) condenses steam generated by the steam generating device (2), and liquid drops generated by condensation flow into a condensed water collecting area after being collected and are discharged to a collecting container (6); the concentrated water of the seawater containing device (1) is discharged to a concentrated water discharging device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010654103.5A CN111847557A (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Efficient focusing solar seawater desalination distiller and method |
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| CN202010654103.5A CN111847557A (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Efficient focusing solar seawater desalination distiller and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112759021A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-07 | 华中科技大学 | Split assembled solar distiller |
| CN115385410A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-25 | 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 | Portable efficient inflatable solar seawater treatment device and use method thereof |
| CN115745058A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) | GeSe-based solar thermal evaporation seawater desalination system |
-
2020
- 2020-07-09 CN CN202010654103.5A patent/CN111847557A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112759021A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-05-07 | 华中科技大学 | Split assembled solar distiller |
| CN115385410A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-25 | 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 | Portable efficient inflatable solar seawater treatment device and use method thereof |
| CN115385410B (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2023-09-22 | 山东凤鸣桓宇环保有限公司 | Portable and efficient inflatable solar seawater treatment device and application method thereof |
| CN115745058A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) | GeSe-based solar thermal evaporation seawater desalination system |
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