CN111841205A - Centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization combined method with water-saving characteristic - Google Patents
Centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization combined method with water-saving characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of dust control, and discloses a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving characteristics, wherein liquid is rotated at a high speed and thrown out, and liquid drops are primarily atomized under the action of centrifugal force to obtain fog drops with the central particle size of less than 20 mu m; the liquid drops after primary atomization impact the surrounding ultrasonic vibration wall surface, vibration with different wavelengths is generated by controlling the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration wall surface, and the vibration frequency is superposed with impact capillary waves to promote the atomization of the liquid drops, so that micro mist groups with the particle size of less than 10 mu m are obtained. The invention obtains the fog group with the central grain diameter less than 20 mu m by utilizing the crushing and atomizing mechanism of the centrifugal force and the transverse wind flow, and further obtains the micro fog group with the central grain diameter less than 10 mu m by utilizing the atomizing mechanism of impacting the ultrasonic vibration wall surface; the atomization efficiency is improved by controlling parameters such as the incident speed of liquid drops, the wettability and the roughness of the solid surface, the viscosity of the liquid drops, the radius of the liquid drops and the like, and the aim of saving water is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dust control, and particularly relates to a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with a water-saving characteristic.
Background
Engineering tunnels and mining equipment operate in a dust environment with high concentration, so that mechanical accidents are caused by equipment abrasion, pipeline blockage and the like. The accident rate of the development machine, the coal mining machine, the conveyor and the hydraulic support is the highest and reaches 30%, and the failure rate of the development machine, the coal mining machine, the conveyor and the hydraulic support reaches 80% due to mechanical abrasion.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing dust control technology mainly comprises spraying dust fall, ventilation dust discharge, dust capture purification and high-pressure water injection. The spraying dust fall generally needs supercharging equipment and a nozzle, is effective and easy to operate, and has the problem of high maintenance cost due to easy blockage of the nozzle; ventilation and dust removal need to use a mine ventilator and can be used only as a method for assisting in dust control; the dust collector is used for dust collection and purification, the equipment is complex and high in cost, and the popularization and application in the severe environment of the underground working face are not ideal; high-pressure water injection equipment is used for high-pressure water injection, so that the equipment cost is high, and the equipment can only be used on a coal face; in addition, the prior art can adopt dust settling modes such as rotary atomization, ultrasonic atomization, water mist explosion and the like. The diameter of the liquid drops formed by rotary atomization is generally larger, the dust catching capacity is poorer, and the liquid drops need to be further crushed; the explosion water mist is mainly used for sudden dust increase and dust fall in a short time, and the application range is too limited.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the existing dust control technology plays a role in dust fall to a certain extent, has certain applicability, and still has certain difficulty in solving the defects of the self technology. Optimizing equipment and improving performance requires scientific researchers to invest a great deal of time and effort to research and develop. But also can relatively increase the investment cost, but still has the problems of low economic benefit, limited application range and the like.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the dust settling efficiency can be greatly improved by solving the problems and the defects, particularly for coal mine safety production, personnel casualties and mine damages caused by coal mine dust explosion can be avoided to the greatest extent, the safety of underground workers can be improved, and the incidence rate of pneumoconiosis is reduced. The invention provides a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving characteristics. The method saves water, has uniform droplet distribution, high dust fall effect and simple implementation equipment, and is an improvement on the existing dust control technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving characteristics.
The invention is realized in such a way that a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving property specifically comprises the following steps:
the liquid drops are crushed and atomized for the first time under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is rotated at high speed and thrown out, and fog drops are obtained under the action of the centrifugal force;
the liquid drops after primary atomization impact the surrounding ultrasonic vibration wall surface, vibration with different wavelengths is generated by controlling the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration wall surface, and the vibration frequency is superposed with impact capillary waves to promote liquid drop atomization, so that micro mist groups are obtained.
Further, the method for producing the first crushing atomization of the liquid drops under the action of the centrifugal force is that the fan blades are connected with an output shaft of a motor, the motor rotates to drive an atomizing fan to rotate rapidly, and due to the high-speed rotation of the blades, liquid in a hub of the hollow blade is thrown out outwards along a central hole in the blade under the action of the centrifugal force, so that the liquid is crushed and atomized for the first time under the action of the centrifugal force of the blade.
Further, the ultrasonic vibration wall surface is provided at the periphery of the atomizing blade.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibration wall surface vibrates at a certain frequency and has a certain inclination angle and quantity, water drops fly out at a high speed and then impact the surrounding ultrasonic vibration wall surface, and under the dual action of impact vibration and ultrasonic vibration, large water drops are broken into more micro fog drops.
Further, the central particle size of the mist droplets is less than 20 μm.
Further, the central particle size of the micro mist group is less than 10 μm.
Further, in the first step, centrifugal atomization conditions under different parameters such as the diameter of a pipeline in a blade, the length of the pipeline, the rotating speed of the blade and the like are changed, crushing atomization data under different parameter conditions are collected by using a drop spectrometer, a high-speed camera, a PIV and an anemometer, influence relations between atomization granularity, speed and the like and input condition parameters are obtained through a linear regression method, a liquid drop motion model and a secondary atomization model in the pipeline are built by using a liquid-solid and liquid-gas two-phase flow coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, and a liquid drop crushing mechanism and crushing influence factors under the action of a centrifugal force and a transverse wind flow field are analyzed.
Further, the expression of particle size and velocity is:
，SMD＝f(We，Oh)，V＝f(We，Oh)；
wherein: μ L is the velocity, q is the flow per unit area, Ω is the rotational speed, deq is the equivalent diameter.
Further, in the second step, impact vibration crushing conditions under different parameters are obtained by changing parameters such as the speed, the diameter, the incident angle, the vibration frequency and the like of the incident liquid drops.
Further, a drop spectrometer, a high-speed camera and a PIV technology are used for collecting the motion parameters of the crushing and atomizing process and secondary liquid drops under different parameter conditions, the atomizing mechanism of the secondary liquid drops is analyzed, the influence relation of atomizing granularity, speed and condition parameters is obtained through a linear regression method, a liquid-solid two-phase flow coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method is used for establishing a superposition model, a rebound model and an atomizing model of waves when the secondary liquid drops impact the ultrasonic vibration wall surface, and the liquid drop crushing mechanism under the condition that the secondary liquid drops impact the ultrasonic vibration wall surface is disclosed.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention obtains the fog group with the central grain diameter less than 20 mu m by utilizing the crushing and atomizing mechanism of the centrifugal force and the transverse wind flow, and further obtains the micro fog group with the central grain diameter less than 10 mu m by utilizing the atomizing mechanism of impacting the ultrasonic vibration wall surface. The atomization efficiency can be improved by properly controlling the parameters of the incidence speed of the liquid drops, the wettability and the roughness of the solid surface, the viscosity of the liquid drops, the radius of the liquid drops and the like, and the aim of saving water is fulfilled.
The invention combines centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic vibration atomization, and the droplets are atomized twice to obtain a micro mist group with finer and smaller central particle size. The water-saving dust-settling device has the advantages of water saving property, low application cost, high dust-settling effect, wide application range and the like. The problems of large fog drops, easy blockage of a nozzle and difficult maintenance exist in spray dust fall; the ventilation and dust exhaust are only limited to auxiliary control of dust, and the dust falling effect is poor; the dust catching purification and high-pressure water injection equipment is complex, high in cost and limited in popularization; the diameter of the liquid drops formed by rotary atomization is generally larger, and the dust catching capacity is poor; the invention solves the problems to a great extent and provides a new scheme for atomizing and reducing dust.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving characteristics, which is provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water saving characteristics, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water saving characteristics provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, carrying out primary crushing and atomization on liquid drops under the action of centrifugal force, carrying out high-speed rotation and throwing out on the liquid, and obtaining fog drops under the action of the centrifugal force;
s102, the liquid drops after primary atomization impact the surrounding ultrasonic vibration wall surface, vibration with different wavelengths is generated by controlling the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration wall surface, and the vibration frequency is superposed with impact capillary waves to promote liquid drop atomization, so that micro fog clusters are obtained.
The method for producing the first crushing atomization of the liquid drops under the action of the centrifugal force comprises the steps that the fan blades are connected with an output shaft of a motor, the motor rotates to drive an atomizing fan to rotate rapidly, and due to the high-speed rotation of the blades, liquid in a hub of the hollow blade is thrown out outwards along a central hole in the blade under the action of the centrifugal force, so that the liquid is crushed and atomized for the first time under the action of the centrifugal force of the blade.
The ultrasonic vibration wall surface provided by the invention is arranged at the periphery of the atomizing blade.
The ultrasonic vibration wall provided by the invention vibrates at a certain frequency and has a certain inclination angle and a certain quantity, water drops fly out at a high speed and then impact the surrounding ultrasonic vibration wall, and under the dual action of impact vibration and ultrasonic vibration, large water drops are broken into more micro fog drops.
The central particle size of the fog drops provided by the invention is less than 20 mu m.
The central particle size of the micro fog group provided by the invention is less than 10 μm.
The method for combining centrifugal jet atomization with ultrasonic atomization with water-saving property provided by the invention can also be implemented by other steps by persons skilled in the art, and the method for combining centrifugal jet atomization with ultrasonic atomization with water-saving property provided by the invention in fig. 1 is only one specific embodiment.
In the step S101, centrifugal atomization conditions under different parameters such as the diameter of a pipeline in a blade, the length of the pipeline, the rotating speed of the blade and the like are changed, crushing atomization data under different parameter conditions are collected by using a drop spectrometer, a high-speed camera, a PIV and an anemometer, influence relations between atomization granularity, speed and the like and input condition parameters are obtained through a linear regression method, a liquid-solid and liquid-gas two-phase flow coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method is used for establishing a liquid drop movement model and a secondary atomization model in the pipeline, and liquid drop crushing mechanisms and crushing influence factors under the action of centrifugal force and a transverse wind flow field are analyzed.
In step S102, impact vibration crushing conditions under different parameters are obtained by changing parameters such as the velocity, diameter, incident angle, vibration frequency, and the like of the incident liquid droplets. The method comprises the steps of collecting the motion parameters of a crushing and atomizing process and secondary liquid drops under different parameter conditions by using a drop spectrometer, a high-speed camera and a PIV technology, analyzing the atomizing mechanism of the secondary liquid drops, obtaining the influence relation of the atomizing granularity, the atomizing speed and the condition parameters by using a linear regression method, establishing a superposition model, a rebound model and an atomizing model of waves when the secondary liquid drops impact an ultrasonic vibration wall surface by using a liquid-solid two-phase flow coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, and revealing a liquid drop crushing mechanism under the condition that the secondary liquid drops impact the ultrasonic vibration wall surface.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific experiments.
1.1 analysis of the mechanism of crushing and atomization of liquid under the action of centrifugal force of blades and transverse wind flow
First, the infinitesimal fluid dr (fig. 2) in the blade-in-pipe is analyzed, moving toward the end of the pipe under the centrifugal force caused by the rotation and the resistance in the pipe. Since the centrifugal force experienced by the infinitesimal fluid dr in the rotating pipe is a function of R, n and d1, and is variable, the droplets are subject to variable speed motion in the pipe. Meanwhile, a motion model of the infinitesimal body dr is established by utilizing a fluid mechanics N-S motion equation and a numerical calculation method, and the motion state of the liquid drop at the outlet is obtained: mainly including the speed of movement (speed at the exit), the diameter of the liquid filament, etc., which are functions of R, n and d 1. Secondly, analyzing the transverse wind flow V generated by the liquid filaments coming out of the blades on the blades fMechanism of crushing under action. The liquid, when leaving the blade outlet, converts the kinetic energy obtained in the duct into a velocity moving in tangential direction and being subjected to a velocity V of the transverse windfOf this VfThe method is characterized in that the wind flow velocity is formed by the combined action of the relative motion of air and a flow field formed by the air flow pushed by the blades when the blades rotate, and a mathematical model of the motion state of particles after secondary atomization is obtained by utilizing a method of combining a secondary atomization theory and CFD numerical calculation.
According to the crushing and atomizing experimental scheme under the action of the centrifugal force and the transverse airflow of the blade, a high-speed camera can be used for recording the appearance and the characteristics of liquid drops leaving the blade instantly, the velocity vector of the liquid drops leaving the blade can be analyzed through PIV, the diameter distribution and the wind speed of the liquid drops can be respectively measured through a drop spectrometer and an anemometer, the diameter, the shape, the number, the length, the rotating speed of the blade and the like of a pipeline in the blade are changed, the centrifugal atomizing conditions under different parameters are obtained, then a liquid drop movement model and a secondary atomizing model in the pipeline are established through a liquid-solid phase and liquid-gas two-phase flow coupling computational fluid dynamics method, and the liquid drop crushing mechanism and crushing influence factors under.
1.2 analysis of the mechanism of crushing and atomization of liquid drops impacting on an ultrasonic vibration wall
On the basis of the movement speed and the particle size distribution condition of the liquid drops after centrifugal atomization obtained through early analysis, firstly, the splashing condition and mechanism generated when the liquid drops impact a static (non-vibration) wall surface are analyzed. Under the condition of different We numbers, the characteristics of spreading, reflection, splashing and the like formed by the fact that liquid drops impact different static hydrophilic wall surfaces at different particle sizes, incidence speeds and incidence angles mainly comprise the relations between spreading factors, capillary wavelengths and splashing particle sizes and the quantity of the liquid drops and the incidence speeds, the incidence particle sizes, the impact angles, the hydrophilicity and the viscosity. And then, a mathematical model of parameters such as capillary wavelength, splash particle size, quantity and the like, which change along with the We number and the like is obtained by a method combining an experimental means and CFD numerical calculation. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics and the atomization mechanism of the liquid drops when the liquid drops impact different hydrophilic wall surfaces of vibration are analyzed. Ultrasonic vibration is applied to the wall surface, parameters such as vibration frequency and amplitude are changed, parameters such as liquid drop incidence angle, incidence speed and wall surface hydrophobicity are changed, characteristics such as contact, spreading, rebounding and splashing of liquid drops under the interference and diffraction effects of capillary waves and ripple waves generated by impact and ultrasonic vibration waves are analyzed, accordingly, factors and rules influencing liquid drop atomization are obtained, and a mathematical model that capillary wavelengths, splashing particle sizes and the like change along with key factors when the liquid drops impact the vibration wall surface is obtained by a method combining wavelet analysis and CFD.
According to the crushing and atomizing experimental scheme of the liquid drop impacting the ultrasonic vibration hydrophobic wall surface, the surface of an ultrasonic vibration body is coated with a hydrophilic substance to promote the spreading and splashing of the liquid drop; the micro plunger pump is used for generating different pressures, liquid drops with different speeds and diameters are generated by changing the nozzle of the ejector, and the ultrasonic generator can change the frequency of the vibrating wall surface; meanwhile, the wall surface angle is changed by using an angle controller, so that different parameters impacting the vibrating wall surface are obtained; collecting parameters of the crushing atomization process under different parameter conditions from low speed to high speed by using a dropping spectrometer, a high-speed camera and a PIV technology; a liquid-solid two-phase flow coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method is utilized to establish a wave superposition model, a rebound model and an atomization model when the ultrasonic vibration wall surface is impacted, and a liquid drop crushing mechanism under the condition that liquid drops impact the ultrasonic vibration wall surface is disclosed.
1.3 the theoretical basis for centrifugal and impact disruption is derived from the Navier-Stokes equation, and the steady flow in the liquid film (or liquid filament) is governed by the mass equation and the conservation of momentum equation, i.e.:
once the liquid film reaches its limit thickness, the normal velocity v will be equal and zero everywhere, and u will only change in the y direction as shown in equation 1, and the pressure will be uniform everywhere at this time as shown in equation 3, so the expression for velocity can be obtained by simplifying equation 2 as follows.
By solving the differential equation, the expression of the average speed of any section can be obtained, and the expression of the thickness of the liquid film can be obtained through the flow conservation equation. The We number and the Oh number were introduced into the analysis to obtain an expression for particle size and velocity.
SMD ═ f (We, Oh), V ═ f (We, Oh) (5 type)
Wherein: mu.sLIs the velocity, q is the flow per unit area, Ω is the rotational speed, deqIs the equivalent diameter.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the liquid drops are crushed and atomized for the first time under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is rotated at high speed and thrown out, and fog drops are obtained under the action of the centrifugal force;
the liquid drops after primary atomization impact the surrounding ultrasonic vibration wall surface, vibration with different wavelengths is generated by controlling the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration wall surface, and the vibration frequency is superposed with impact capillary waves to promote liquid drop atomization, so that micro mist groups are obtained.
2. The method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water conservation property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first crushing atomization of the liquid drops under the action of centrifugal force is realized by connecting a fan blade with an output shaft of a motor, the motor rotates to drive an atomizing fan to rotate rapidly, and due to the high-speed rotation of the blade, the liquid in a hub of the hollow blade is thrown outwards along a central hole in the blade under the action of centrifugal force, so that the liquid is crushed and atomized for the first time under the action of the centrifugal force of the blade.
3. A method of combining centrifugal jet atomisation and ultrasonic atomisation with water conservation properties as claimed in claim 1 in which the ultrasonic vibrating wall is provided at the periphery of the atomising blades.
4. A method of combining centrifugal jet atomization with ultrasonic atomization with water conservation features as claimed in claim 1 in which the ultrasonic vibration wall vibrates at a certain frequency and with a certain inclination angle and quantity, and the water drops fly out at high speed and then impact the surrounding ultrasonic vibration wall, and under the dual action of impact vibration and ultrasonic vibration, the large water drops are broken into more micro-droplets.
5. A method of combining centrifugal jet atomization with ultrasonic atomization with water conservation properties as claimed in claim 1 wherein said droplets have a center particle size of less than 20 μm.
6. A method of combining centrifugal jet atomization with ultrasonic atomization with water conservation properties as claimed in claim 1 wherein said micro-mist clusters have a center particle size of less than 10 μm.
7. The method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving characteristics of claim 1, wherein centrifugal atomization conditions under different parameters such as the diameter of a pipeline in a blade, the length of the pipeline, the rotating speed of the blade and the like are changed, crushing atomization data under different parameter conditions are collected by using a drop spectrometer, a high-speed camera, a PIV and an anemometer, influence relations of atomization granularity, speed and input condition parameters are obtained by a linear regression method, then a liquid-solid and liquid-gas two-phase flow coupling computational fluid dynamics CFD method is used for establishing a liquid drop movement model and a secondary atomization model in the pipeline, and liquid drop crushing mechanisms and crushing influence factors under the action of centrifugal force and a transverse wind flow field are analyzed.
8. A method of combining centrifugal jet atomisation with ultrasonic atomisation having water saving properties according to claim 7 characterised in that the expression for particle size and velocity is:
SMD＝f(We，Oh)，V＝f(We，Oh)；
wherein: mu.sLIs the velocity, q is the flow per unit area, Ω is the rotational speed, deqIs the equivalent diameter.
9. A method of combining centrifugal jet atomisation with ultrasonic atomisation with water saving properties according to claim 1 characterised in that the conditions of impact vibration fragmentation under different parameters are obtained by varying the velocity, diameter, angle of incidence and vibration frequency parameters of the incident droplets.
10. The method for combining centrifugal jet atomization and ultrasonic atomization with water-saving characteristics according to claim 9, characterized in that a drop spectrometer, a high-speed camera and a PIV technology are used for collecting the motion parameters of the crushing atomization process and secondary droplets under different parameter conditions, analyzing the atomization mechanism of the crushing atomization process and the secondary droplets, obtaining the influence relation of the atomization particle size, the velocity and the condition parameters through a linear regression method, and a liquid-solid two-phase flow coupling Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method is used for establishing a superposition model, a rebound model and an atomization model of waves when the droplets impact the ultrasonic vibration wall surface, so as to reveal the droplet crushing mechanism when the droplets impact the ultrasonic vibration wall surface.
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