CN111820052A - Prevention and control method for blueberries anoplophora chinensis - Google Patents
Prevention and control method for blueberries anoplophora chinensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN111820052A CN111820052A CN201910325872.8A CN201910325872A CN111820052A CN 111820052 A CN111820052 A CN 111820052A CN 201910325872 A CN201910325872 A CN 201910325872A CN 111820052 A CN111820052 A CN 111820052A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
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Abstract
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a blueberry anoplophora chinensis control method, which comprises the following steps: (1) and in the first time period, root irrigation control is carried out on the single blueberry plant by adopting the compound liquid A. (2) And performing artificial adult capture in a second time period. (3) And in a third time period, the compound liquid A is adopted for root irrigation prevention and control. (4) And in the fourth time period, the compound liquid B is injected into the excretory opening of the anoplophora chinensis larva for prevention and treatment. The compound liquid A comprises: matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and alcohol. The compound liquid B comprises: matrine and alcohol according to the formula amount. The method can reduce the pest-bearing rate of the anoplophora chinensis to 1.2% from the original 11.5%, improve the yield of the blueberries by more than 20%, and reduce the direct economic loss by more than 1.25 ten-thousand yuan/mu.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit planting, and particularly relates to a prevention and control method for blueberry anoplophora chinensis.
Background
Blueberries are newly grown on a large scale in recent years, insect pests are fewer than other fruit trees, but as planting time goes on, the trunks of the blueberries become thicker and thicker, the minimum requirement for spawning of anoplophora chinensis is gradually met, and the damage of the anoplophora chinensis on the blueberries is increased year by year. The general damage range of the anoplophora chinensis is within 15 cm of the ground, if the anoplophora chinensis is below the root, the depth can reach more than 30 cm, and sometimes, one tree is circuitously fed by a plurality of larvae to form a head enclosure, so that the tree body can die.
The existing chemical control method for longhorn beetles comprises the following steps: the method for picking up the larva, injection, inserting piece, hole blocking, bottle inserting (transfusion) and the like by using iron wires is basically the same, and the wood chips for blocking the hole are picked up, and then the poison piece or the medicine injection, the cotton ball with the medicine and the like are inserted. The traditional mode is suitable for preventing and treating small-area longicorn of scattered farmers on one hand, and the large-scale cultivation consumes huge labor cost by using the traditional mode. On the other hand, the best time for controlling the longicorn larvae in spring is repeated with the flowering and fruiting period of the blueberries, and the blueberry trees die or the yield is seriously reduced due to influence on bee pollination besides the fact that the blueberry zero pesticide residue cannot be detected due to improper medicament selection and use, so that organic blueberry growers cannot control the longicorn by adopting the traditional method and medicament.
The existing biological control method for the longicorn comprises the following steps: the sex attractant for the natural cattle, the control of natural enemies and the control of biocontrol bacteria. But has the following disadvantages:
(1) the method can be implemented only by manually digging holes or drilling holes with electric drills, the labor cost is high, and meanwhile, the traditional Ageleuthis control selected medicaments (efficient cyhalothrin, thiacloprid, dichlorvos and other chemical pesticides) are not suitable for production procedures of green food and organic food and are not suitable for production of organic blueberries.
(2) The sex attractant for the longicorn is high in specificity, different species of longicorn are different in sex attractant, the sex attractant for the longicorn in the same species and different regions is different in attraction effect, the attraction effect is not obvious in the field only aiming at imagoes, a large number of longicorn are still arranged in a garden to complete mating and spawning, and the roots of blueberry trees are continuously damaged.
(3) The natural enemies (dastarcus helophoroides, scleroderma guani and the like) are mainly cultured in a laboratory, need to adapt to the field environment after being put in, and if parasitism cannot be completed in the first time, the problem of self survival is difficult to guarantee, the effect is slow, and the effective prevention and treatment effect cannot be guaranteed.
(4) The beauveria bassiana can finish the infection of the longicorn larvae in the process of using the beauveria bassiana to prevent and treat the longicorn larvae in biocontrol bacteria prevention and treatment (beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae and the like) gardens, but the ideal prevention and treatment effect can be achieved only when the requirements on field propagation and use time of the beauveria bassiana are strict, the use cost is high, and the like, so that the large-scale prevention and treatment cannot be carried out
(5) The stem is whited to prevent adults from spawning, lime is selected as one of raw materials in the whited formula, blueberries are calcium-suspected plants, the adult oviposition period of the anoplophora chinensis is positive in the open-air blueberry harvesting period, so that the problems of blueberry fruit drop and the like caused by drying are avoided in order not to influence the normal growth of blueberry trees, and the anoplophora chinensis can not be prevented from spawning on the stem in a whited mode.
Therefore, the traditional method for preventing and controlling the anoplophora chinensis is not suitable for the large-scale production requirement of the organic blueberries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating a blueberry anoplophora chinensis, aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) and in the first time period, root irrigation control is carried out on the single blueberry plant by adopting the compound liquid A.
(2) And performing artificial adult capture in a second time period.
(3) And in a third time period, the compound liquid A is adopted for root irrigation prevention and control.
(4) And in the fourth time period, the compound liquid B is injected into the excretory opening of the anoplophora chinensis larva for prevention and treatment.
The compound liquid A comprises: matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water. The compound liquid B comprises: matrine and alcohol according to the formula amount.
Further, the first time period is as follows: before the eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis larvae, or when the ground temperature reaches 13-15 ℃ in 4-5 months.
Further, the second time period is as follows: during the 5-8 months, the anoplophora chinensis is eclosion and before mating.
Further, the method for judging the time point before the copulation after the eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis in the second time period comprises the following steps: selecting a blueberry root with five-instar anoplophora chinensis larvae as a pest in the winter, completely putting the selected blueberry root into a transparent plastic box, putting the blueberry root into an environment suitable for normal feeding and eclosion of anoplophora chinensis, and observing the eclosion time point of the anoplophora chinensis, wherein the time point is the time point before copulation after eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis.
Further, selecting the fruit picking time in the second time period according to the second time period and the blueberry fruit ripening time, and carrying out the operation of manually catching the adult anoplophora chinensis while picking the fruits.
Further, the third time period is: months 8-10 per year.
Further, the compound liquid A comprises matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water in a volume ratio of: matrine: pyrethrin: nimbin: water = 1: 0.8-1.2: 0.8-1.2: 180-220. The dosage of the compound liquid A is as follows: 8-10 jin/L.
Further, the fourth time period is as follows: the 10-12 months per year.
Further, the volume ratio of each component of the compound liquid B is as follows: matrine: alcohol = 1: 0.8-1.2. The dosage of the compound liquid B is as follows: single hole 20-50 ml.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through tests in a fixed park, after the control method of the anoplophora chinensis is implemented, the pest-bearing rate of the anoplophora chinensis in the park is reduced to 1.2% from the original 11.5%, the yield of the blueberries is improved by more than 20%, the direct economic loss is reduced by more than 1.25 ten thousand yuan/mu, meanwhile, the newly-grown branches grow normally, the flower buds are differentiated normally, and a foundation guarantee is provided for the normal production of the next annual park. In addition, the control method of anoplophora chinensis can meet the relevant requirements of organic planting, and organic blueberry products can be obtained.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A control method of blueberry anoplophora chinensis comprises the following steps:
(1) and in the first time period, root irrigation control is carried out on the single blueberry plant by adopting the compound liquid A. The first time period is as follows: before the eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis larvae, or when the ground temperature reaches 13-15 ℃ in 4-5 months.
(2) And performing artificial adult capture in a second time period. The second time period is as follows: during the 5-8 months, the anoplophora chinensis is eclosion and before mating.
(3) And in a third time period, the compound liquid A is adopted for root irrigation prevention and control. The third time period is as follows: months 8-10 per year.
(4) And in the fourth time period, the compound liquid B is injected into the excretory opening of the anoplophora chinensis larva for prevention and treatment. The fourth time period is as follows: the 10-12 months per year.
The compound liquid A comprises: matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water. Wherein the volume ratio of the matrine, the pyrethrin, the nimbin and the water is as follows: matrine: pyrethrin: nimbin: water = 1: 1: 1: 1: 200. the dosage of the compound liquid A is as follows: 9 jin/L.
The compound liquid B comprises matrine and alcohol. Wherein the volume ratio of each component is as follows: matrine: alcohol = 1: 1. the dosage of the compound liquid B is as follows: single well 40 ml.
Example 2
A control method of blueberry anoplophora chinensis comprises the following steps:
(1) and in the first time period, root irrigation control is carried out on the single blueberry plant by adopting the compound liquid A. The first time period is as follows: before the eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis larvae, or when the ground temperature reaches 13-15 ℃ in 4-5 months.
(2) And performing artificial adult capture in a second time period. The second time period is as follows: during the 5-8 months, the anoplophora chinensis is eclosion and before mating.
(3) And in a third time period, the compound liquid A is adopted for root irrigation prevention and control. The third time period is as follows: months 8-10 per year.
(4) And in the fourth time period, the compound liquid B is injected into the excretory opening of the anoplophora chinensis larva for prevention and treatment. The fourth time period is as follows: the 10-12 months per year.
The compound liquid A comprises: matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water. Wherein the volume ratio of the matrine, the pyrethrin, the nimbin and the water is as follows: matrine: pyrethrin: nimbin: water = 1: 1.2: 1.2: 220. the dosage of the compound liquid A is as follows: 8 jin/strain.
The compound liquid B comprises matrine and alcohol. Wherein the volume ratio of each component is as follows: matrine: alcohol = 1: 1.2. the dosage of the compound liquid B is as follows: single well 50 ml.
Example 3
A control method of blueberry anoplophora chinensis comprises the following steps:
(1) and in the first time period, root irrigation control is carried out on the single blueberry plant by adopting the compound liquid A. The first time period is as follows: before the eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis larvae, or when the ground temperature reaches 13-15 ℃ in 4-5 months.
(2) And performing artificial adult capture in a second time period. The second time period is as follows: during the 5-8 months, the anoplophora chinensis is eclosion and before mating.
(3) And in a third time period, the compound liquid A is adopted for root irrigation prevention and control. The third time period is as follows: months 8-10 per year.
(4) And in the fourth time period, the compound liquid B is injected into the excretory opening of the anoplophora chinensis larva for prevention and treatment. The fourth time period is as follows: the 10-12 months per year.
The compound liquid A comprises: matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water. Wherein the volume ratio of the matrine, the pyrethrin, the nimbin and the water is as follows: matrine: pyrethrin: nimbin: water = 1: 0.8: 0.8: 180. the dosage of the compound liquid A is as follows: 10 jin/L.
The compound liquid B comprises matrine and alcohol. Wherein the volume ratio of each component is as follows: matrine: alcohol = 1: 0.8. the dosage of the compound liquid B is as follows: single well 20 ml.
Example 4
A control method of blueberry anoplophora chinensis comprises the following steps:
(1) and in the first time period, root irrigation control is carried out on the single blueberry plant by adopting the compound liquid A. The first time period is as follows: before the eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis larvae, or when the ground temperature reaches 13-15 ℃ in 4-5 months.
(2) And performing artificial adult capture in a second time period. The second time period is as follows: during the 5-8 months, the anoplophora chinensis is eclosion and before mating.
(3) And in a third time period, the compound liquid A is adopted for root irrigation prevention and control. The third time period is as follows: months 8-10 per year.
(4) And in the fourth time period, the compound liquid B is injected into the excretory opening of the anoplophora chinensis larva for prevention and treatment. The fourth time period is as follows: the 10-12 months per year.
The compound liquid A comprises: matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water. Wherein the volume ratio of the matrine, the pyrethrin, the nimbin and the water is as follows: matrine: pyrethrin: nimbin: water = 1: 0.9: 1.1: 190. the dosage of the compound liquid A is as follows: 9 jin/L.
The compound liquid B comprises matrine and alcohol. Wherein the volume ratio of each component is as follows: matrine: alcohol = 1: 1.1. the dosage of the compound liquid B is as follows: single well 30 ml.
The applicant finds that longicorn is always harmed by longicorn in 2015, which causes continuous yield reduction for several years, and the park is always dedicated to search for a longicorn control scheme meeting the production regulation of organic blueberries, and the control scheme is searched and tested for three years in the period, which comprises the control by adopting the existing chemical or biological method, but the control effect is not ideal. Finally, the applicant finishes an integral scheme for controlling the anoplophora chinensis in 2018, which is suitable for the requirement of large-scale organic blueberry production, namely the control method of the anoplophora chinensis. After the method is adopted, the pest-bearing rate of the anoplophora chinensis in the park of the applicant is reduced to (885/72000) 1.2% from 11.5% which is the lowest rate in the previous control process, and the blueberry roots gradually recover to grow normally, and flowers and fruits are normal. Meanwhile, new branches of the original disaster-stricken blueberries grow out from the roots of the trees again and can serve as rejuvenated branches of the trees for later use, and the phenomenon of withering caused by the celestus horneri in the past year is avoided. Meanwhile, the annual yield of the blueberries in the garden 2018 is improved by 20% compared with the annual yield in 2017 (2017 is still mainly controlled by the traditional biological control technology, and partial steps in the method are tried in the next half year), and compared with the traditional technology, the economic loss is reduced by 300 ten thousand yuan (the planting area is 240 mu), and meanwhile, the growth of the newly-grown branches is normal, the flower buds are normally differentiated, so that a foundation guarantee is provided for the normal production in the garden in the next year.
Example 5
Based on the method for controlling the blueberries celestus horneri in any one of embodiments 1 to 4, the method for judging the time point before the emergence of the celestus horneri in the second time period and before the copulation is carried out comprises the following steps: selecting a blueberry root with five-instar anoplophora chinensis larvae as a pest in the winter, completely putting the selected blueberry root into a transparent plastic box, putting the blueberry root into an environment suitable for normal feeding and eclosion of anoplophora chinensis, and observing the eclosion time point of the anoplophora chinensis, wherein the time point is the time point before copulation after eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis.
One female anoplophora chinensis benth can lay eggs for about 70 grains, so that the eclosion and mating time of the female anoplophora chinensis benth are the most important factors in the whole anoplophora chinensis benth control scheme for effectively reducing the egg laying amount and accurately predicting the eclosion and mating time, and otherwise, annual anoplophora chinensis benth larvae can be prevented, and annual anoplophora chinensis benth larvae can also be prevented. The method can effectively provide relatively accurate action time for artificially capturing the adult anoplophora chinensis.
Example 6
Based on the method for controlling the sungplants in the blueberry in the embodiment 5, the fruit picking time is selected in the second time period according to the second time period and the blueberry fruit ripening time, and the operation of manually catching the adult sungplants while picking fruits is carried out.
Based on the relatively accurate time point for capturing the anoplophora chinensis, which is obtained in the embodiment 5, the operation of manually capturing adult anoplophora chinensis while picking fruits is adopted in combination with the blueberry fruit maturation time, so that the advantages of more labor in picking fruits can be fully utilized, adult anoplophora chinensis while picking fruits is captured, the operation of capturing most adult anoplophora chinensis after eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis before mating is basically completed, and the egg laying amount is obviously reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through tests in a fixed park, after the control method of the anoplophora chinensis is implemented, the pest-bearing rate of the anoplophora chinensis in the park is reduced to 1.2% from the original 11.5%, the yield of the blueberries is improved by more than 20%, the direct economic loss is reduced by more than 1.25 ten thousand yuan/mu, meanwhile, the newly-grown branches grow normally, the flower buds are differentiated normally, and a foundation guarantee is provided for the normal production of the next annual park. In addition, the control method of anoplophora chinensis can meet the relevant requirements of organic planting, and organic blueberry products can be obtained.
It is to be noted and understood that various modifications and improvements can be made to the invention described in detail above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. Accordingly, the scope of the claimed subject matter is not limited by any of the specific exemplary teachings provided.
Claims (9)
1. A control method of a blueberry anoplophora chinensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in a first time period, root irrigation control is carried out on the single blueberry plant by adopting the compound liquid A;
performing artificial adult capture in a second time period;
in a third time period, root irrigation prevention and control are carried out by adopting the compound liquid A;
in the fourth time period, the compound liquid B is injected into the excretory opening of the anoplophora chinensis larva for prevention and treatment;
the compound liquid A comprises: matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water in formula amount; the compound liquid B comprises: matrine and alcohol according to the formula amount.
2. The control method of the blueberry anoplophora chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first time period is as follows: before the eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis larvae, or when the ground temperature reaches 13-15 ℃ in 4-5 months.
3. The control method of the blueberry anoplophora chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second time period is as follows: during the 5-8 months, the anoplophora chinensis is eclosion and before mating.
4. The method for controlling the blueberries celestus stars according to claim 3, wherein the method for judging the time point before the eclosion of the celestus stars in the second time period is as follows: selecting a blueberry root with five-instar anoplophora chinensis larvae as a pest in the winter, completely putting the selected blueberry root into a transparent plastic box, putting the blueberry root into an environment suitable for normal feeding and eclosion of anoplophora chinensis, and observing the eclosion time point of the anoplophora chinensis, wherein the time point is the time point before copulation after eclosion of the anoplophora chinensis.
5. The method for controlling the anoplophora chinensis bunge as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fruit picking time is selected in the second time period according to the second time period and the blueberry fruit ripening time, and the operation of manually catching the adult anoplophora chinensis bunge while picking is carried out.
6. The control method of the blueberry anoplophora chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third time period is as follows: months 8-10 per year.
7. The method for preventing and treating anoplophora nivea as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 6, wherein the compound liquid A comprises matrine, pyrethrin, azadirachtin and water in a volume ratio of: matrine: pyrethrin: nimbin: water = 1: 0.8-1.2: 0.8-1.2: 180-220; the dosage of the compound liquid A is as follows: 8-10 jin/L.
8. The method for controlling the blueberry anoplophora chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fourth time period is as follows: the 10-12 months per year.
9. The control method of the blueberry anoplophora chinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of each component of the compound liquid B is as follows: matrine: alcohol = 1: 0.8-1.2; the dosage of the compound liquid B is as follows: single hole 20-50 ml.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104813872A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-08-05 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | Method for preventing harm from North-America red-maple long-horned beetles |
| CN106342609A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 夏邑县永震农业发展有限公司 | Method for preventing acer tree anoplophora chinensis insect injury |
| CN107736387A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-02-27 | 登封市绿奥农林科技有限公司 | A kind of biological control method of longicorn beetle |
| CN112568035A (en) * | 2020-09-12 | 2021-03-30 | 北京京彩弘景园林工程有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating harm of American red maple anoplophora glabripennis |
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2019
- 2019-04-23 CN CN201910325872.8A patent/CN111820052A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104813872A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-08-05 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | Method for preventing harm from North-America red-maple long-horned beetles |
| CN106342609A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 夏邑县永震农业发展有限公司 | Method for preventing acer tree anoplophora chinensis insect injury |
| CN107736387A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-02-27 | 登封市绿奥农林科技有限公司 | A kind of biological control method of longicorn beetle |
| CN112568035A (en) * | 2020-09-12 | 2021-03-30 | 北京京彩弘景园林工程有限公司 | Method for preventing and treating harm of American red maple anoplophora glabripennis |
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