CN111810419A - Constant-pressure water supply system - Google Patents
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- CN111810419A CN111810419A CN202010552479.5A CN202010552479A CN111810419A CN 111810419 A CN111810419 A CN 111810419A CN 202010552479 A CN202010552479 A CN 202010552479A CN 111810419 A CN111810419 A CN 111810419A
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
- E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons or valves, in the pipe systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a constant-pressure water supply system, which comprises a water pump, a pressure transmitter, a frequency converter and a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the pressure transmitter is arranged at an outlet of the water pump and is connected with the PLC; the pressure transmitter is used for acquiring a water pressure signal at the outlet of the water pump and transmitting the water pressure signal to the PLC; the PLC is used for sending the water pressure signal to the frequency converter through a preset communication interface; and the PID regulator of the frequency converter is used for carrying out PID operation according to the water pressure signal and controlling the operation of a motor of the water pump according to an operation result. The frequency converter is provided with a PID adjusting function, and can perform PID operation according to a water pressure signal sent by the PLC through a preset communication interface, so that a PID configuration loop of the PLC is not required to be occupied, and the constant-voltage response is faster; meanwhile, an input/output module is not required to be added to the PLC, and the hardware investment cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constant-pressure water supply, in particular to a constant-pressure water supply system.
Background
The variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply system generally comprises a water source, a centrifugal pump (a main pump and a dormant pump), a pressure sensor, a PID regulator, a frequency converter (the main pump and the dormant pump) and a pipe network. The working process comprises the steps of utilizing a water pump outlet pressure transmitter arranged on a pipe network to convert water pressure change caused by water consumption change in a pipe network system into a signal (4-20mA or 0-10V) in time and inputting the signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) through an analog input module, and after a PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulator inside the PLC compares set control pressure to calculate, outputting a corresponding frequency conversion instruction to a frequency converter through an analog output module to carry out real-time frequency conversion control on the water pump so as to change the operation or rotating speed of the water pump, so that the water pressure of the pipe network is consistent with the control pressure, and the constant-pressure water supply function is realized.
However, the variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply system has the following disadvantages: (1) occupying limited PID configuration loops in the PLC (as shown in figure 1, the number of the PID configuration loops of the 200SMART PLC is 8); (2) PLC analog input and output modules are increased, and hardware investment cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a constant-pressure water supply system to solve the problems that the existing variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply system occupies a limited PID configuration loop in a PLC, and hardware investment cost is increased due to the increase of an analog quantity input and output module of the PLC.
The embodiment of the invention provides a constant-pressure water supply system, which comprises a water pump, a pressure transmitter, a frequency converter and a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the pressure transmitter is arranged at an outlet of the water pump and is connected with the PLC;
the pressure transmitter is used for acquiring a water pressure signal at an outlet of the water pump and transmitting the water pressure signal to the PLC; the PLC is used for sending the water pressure signal to the frequency converter through the preset communication interface; and the PID regulator of the frequency converter is used for carrying out PID operation according to the water pressure signal and controlling the motor of the water pump to operate according to an operation result.
In one embodiment, the PID controller is configured with preset parameters, and the preset parameters include an adjustment direction, a proportional coefficient, an integral coefficient, and a differential coefficient.
In one embodiment, the PLC is configured with a preset pressure value, the PLC is further configured to send the preset pressure value to the frequency converter through the preset communication interface, and the PID regulator of the frequency converter is configured to perform PID calculation according to the preset pressure value and the water pressure signal, and control the operation of the motor of the water pump according to a calculation result.
In one embodiment, the PLC is further configured to read an operating frequency of a motor of the water pump.
In one embodiment, the PLC is further configured to feed back a determination result to the frequency converter through the preset communication interface when the determination is incorrect according to the operating frequency of the water pump; and the PID regulator of the frequency converter is also used for carrying out PID operation again according to the judgment result and the water pressure signal and controlling the motor of the water pump to operate according to the operation result.
In a certain embodiment, the preset communication interface is a MODOBUS communication interface.
In a certain embodiment, the frequency converter is further configured to send the parameter of the frequency converter to the PLC through the MODOBUS communication interface.
In one embodiment, the frequency converter comprises an FC051 frequency converter.
In one embodiment, the PLC comprises a 200SMART PLC.
In one embodiment, the constant-pressure water supply system further comprises a touch screen, wherein the touch screen is in communication connection with the PLC and is used for displaying working data in the constant-pressure water supply process and sending the working data to the PLC after receiving setting parameters input by a user.
Compared with the prior art, the constant-pressure water supply system in the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the PLC is in communication connection with the pressure transmitter and is in communication connection with the PID regulator through a communication interface preset on the frequency converter, the pressure transmitter is used for collecting a water pressure signal at an outlet of the water pump, the frequency converter is provided with a PID regulation function and can perform PID operation according to the water pressure signal sent by the PLC through the preset communication interface, and therefore a PID configuration loop of the PLC is not occupied, and constant voltage response is faster; meanwhile, an input/output module is not required to be added to the PLC, and the hardware investment cost is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control interface of a PID configuration loop of a PLC in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a constant pressure water supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a constant pressure water supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4(a) - (f) are PLC programming diagrams of a constant pressure water supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are for convenience of description only and are not intended as limitations on the order in which the steps are performed.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The term "and/or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a constant pressure water supply system 100, which includes a water pump 10, a pressure transmitter 20, a frequency converter 30, and a PLC 40. The pressure transmitter 20 is arranged at the outlet of the water pump 10 and connected with the PLC40, the frequency converter 30 comprises a preset communication interface 31 and a PID regulator 32, and the PID regulator 32 is connected with the motor 11 of the water pump 10 and connected with the PLC40 through the preset communication interface 31.
The pressure transmitter 20 is used for collecting a water pressure signal at the outlet of the water pump 10 and sending the water pressure signal to the PLC 40. The PLC40 is used for sending the water pressure signal to the frequency converter 30 through the preset communication interface 31. The PID regulator 32 of the frequency converter 30 is used for carrying out PID operation according to the water pressure signal and controlling the water pump 10 to operate according to the operation result.
The inverter 30 is an electric energy control device that converts a commercial power supply into another frequency by the on/off action of a power semiconductor device. The frequency converter 30 is mainly composed of a rectifying unit (alternating current to direct current), a filtering unit, an inverting unit (direct current to alternating current), a braking unit, a driving unit, a detecting unit and a microprocessing unit. The frequency converter 30 is a device for converting a power frequency power supply (50Hz or 60Hz) into an ac power supply of various frequencies to realize variable speed operation of the motor, wherein a control circuit controls a main circuit, a rectifying circuit converts ac power into dc power, a dc intermediate circuit smoothes the output of the rectifying circuit, and an inverter circuit inverts the dc power into ac power. For a frequency converter requiring a large number of operations, such as a vector control frequency converter, a CPU for performing torque calculation and some corresponding circuits are sometimes required. The frequency conversion speed regulation is realized by changing the frequency of power supply of a stator winding of a motor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the frequency converter 30 includes a PID regulator 32. The PID controller 32 is a linear controller which forms a deviation from the setpoint r (t) and the actual output value c (t): e (t) ═ r (t) -c (t). The proportion (P), integral (I) and differential (D) of the deviation are linearly combined to form a control quantity, and the controlled object is controlled. The control law is as follows:
the transfer function is:in the formula, KpIs a proportionality coefficient, TiTo integrate the time constant, TdIs a differential time constant; ki=Kp/TiIs an integral coefficient; kd=Kp*TdThe differential coefficient is used.
In the embodiment of the present invention, please refer to fig. 3, the controlled object is a motor 11 (such as the motor M shown in fig. 3) of the water pump 10. The frequency converter 30 automatically adjusts the output frequency of the frequency converter 30 through PID operation according to the water pressure signal, so that closed loop control is realized, the rotating speed of the motor 11 of the water pump 10 is changed, and the purpose of constant pressure of a pipe network is finally achieved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the PLC40 is communicatively connected to the pressure transmitter 20 (such as the pressure transmitter 20PT01 shown in fig. 3) for receiving the water pressure signal at the outlet of the water pump 10 collected by the pressure transmitter 20. In addition, the PLC40 is also connected with the PID controller 32 through a communication interface 31 preset on the frequency converter 30, and sends a water pressure signal to the PID controller 32. The PID regulator 32 performs PID operation according to the water pressure signal to obtain an operation result, and outputs a frequency conversion instruction to the motor 11 of the water pump 10 according to the operation result, so that the motor 11 of the water pump 10 operates according to the frequency conversion instruction, the water pressure of the pipe network is consistent with the control pressure, and the constant-pressure water supply function is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the constant-pressure water supply system 100 in the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the PLC40 is in communication connection with the pressure transmitter 20 and is in communication connection with the PID regulator 32 through a communication interface 31 preset on the frequency converter 30, the pressure transmitter 20 is used for collecting a water pressure signal at an outlet of the water pump 10, the frequency converter 30 is provided with a PID regulation function, and PID operation can be carried out according to the water pressure signal sent by the PLC40 through the preset communication interface 31, so that a PID configuration loop of the PLC40 is not required to be occupied, and constant pressure response is faster; meanwhile, an input/output module is not required to be added to the PLC40, and the hardware input cost is saved.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the predetermined communication interface 31 is a MODOBUS communication interface.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the MODOBUS communication interface is a registration configuration of the frequency converter 30. Frequency converter 30 passes through MODOBUS communication interface and PLC40 communication connection, need not additionally to increase the hardware cost, can realize with PLC40 between the data exchange, saved the hardware input cost.
In one embodiment, the frequency converter 30 is further configured to send the parameters of the frequency converter 30 to the PLC40 through the MODOBUS communication interface.
The existing variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply system also has the following defects: it is not possible to read various parameters of the frequency converter, such as frequency, the rotational speed of the ac motor of the frequency converter, etc.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency converter 30 is in communication connection with the PLC40 through the MODOBUS communication interface, so that the parameters of the frequency converter 30 can be sent to the PLC40, and thus, the PLC40 can read various parameters of the frequency converter 30 in real time, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the constant-pressure water supply.
In one embodiment, the frequency converter 30 comprises an FC051 frequency converter.
The FC051 frequency converter not only has compact size and easy debugging, but also can be completely used in complex application environment. It supports guided programming of specific functions and parameterization by PC software tools. By virtue of the coated PCB, the frequency converter 30 ensures reliable and cost-effective operation even in harsh environments. In particular, by virtue of its compact book-type design, it is not derated when mounted side-by-side. With a coated PCB, minimal dust penetration is achieved. In addition, the built-in radio frequency interference filter can limit radio interference generated by the motor cable. Moreover, its efficient heat sink dissipates heat from the electronic components, thereby extending the life and reliability of the inverter 30 and reducing power consumption by converting kinetic energy generated in the application to braking power to slow the motor.
In one embodiment, the PLC40 includes a 200SMART PLC.
As shown in fig. 1, the number of PID configuration loops of the 200SMART PLC is 8. The PLC40 is an important scheduling center of the constant pressure water supply system 100, and plays an important role in controlling the normal operation of the constant pressure water supply system 100. Therefore, when the PID operation is transferred to the PID controller 32 of the frequency converter 30, 8 PID configuration loops of the PLC40 are not required to be occupied, so that 8 PID configuration loops of the PLC40 can be applied to other important schedules, thereby improving the constant voltage response speed.
In one embodiment, the PID controller 32 is configured with preset parameters including adjustment direction, proportionality coefficient, integral coefficient, and differential coefficient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the PID regulator 32 is configured with preset parameters, such as the adjustment direction, the proportionality coefficient KpIntegral coefficient KiAnd a differential coefficient KdAnd the like. The PID controller 32 performs PID operation according to the water pressure signal and the preset parameter, so that the operation result is more accurate.
It is understood that the preset parameters correspond to actual constant pressure water supply requirements of the constant pressure water supply system 100, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the actual requirements.
In one embodiment, the parameters of the frequency converter 30 are set as follows:
A. 8-30- - -2 (standard MODOBUS); B. 8-31- -1 address; C. 8-32- - -2 (baud rate 9600) D, 8-33- - -2 (no parity); E. 1-00- - -3 (process closed loop); F. 3-15- - -0; G. 6-22- - -4; H. 6-23- - -20; I. 7-20- - -2; J. 7-30- - -0 (adjustment direction); K. 7-33- - -0.4 (gain value); l, 7-34- - -1 (integration time unit is S); m, 7-35- - -1 (differential time unit is S).
From the above, the frequency converter30 are communicatively connected to PLC40 via a MODOBUS communication interface. The adjustment direction is 0, which indicates that the motor rotates forwards; the gain value being 0.4, i.e. the proportionality factor Kp0.4; the integration time is 1S; the differential time is 1S.
In one embodiment, the PLC40 is configured with a preset pressure value, the PLC40 is further configured to transmit the preset pressure value to the frequency converter 30 through the preset communication interface 31, and the PID regulator 32 of the frequency converter 30 is configured to perform PID calculation according to the preset pressure value and the water pressure signal, and control the operation of the motor 11 of the water pump 10 according to the calculation result.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the PLC40 may pre-configure the pressure value of the constant pressure required by the water pump 10 and send it to the PID controller 32 of the inverter 30. When the pressure transmitter 20 sends the collected water pressure signal at the outlet of the water pump 10 to the PLC40, the PLC40 sends the water pressure signal to the PID regulator 32, the PID regulator 32 performs PID operation according to the preset pressure value and the water pressure signal, and controls the operation of the motor 11 of the water pump 10 according to the operation result, thereby realizing the function of constant-pressure water supply.
It is understood that the preset pressure value corresponds to the actual constant pressure water supply requirement of the constant pressure water supply system 100, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the actual requirement. In one embodiment, the predetermined pressure value may be adjusted by the host computer of PLC40 or PLC 40.
In one embodiment, the PLC40 is also used to read the operating frequency of the motor 11 of the water pump 10.
After the PID regulator 32 controls the motor 11 of the water pump 10 to operate for a preset time, the operating frequency of the motor 11 of the water pump 10 may be changed. The PLC40 judges whether the operation frequency of the motor 11 of the water pump 10 accords with the constant-pressure water supply frequency or not by reading the operation frequency of the water pump 10, if so, the motor 11 of the water pump 10 operates according to the current operation frequency; if not, the judgment result is fed back to the PID regulator 32 of the frequency converter 30, so that the PID regulator 32 performs PID operation again, thereby ensuring that the constant pressure water supply system 100 performs constant pressure water supply.
Referring to fig. 4(a) - (f), in one embodiment, the PLC40 program is written as follows:
(a) initializing a port;
(b) after initialization, executing the next step;
(c) setting a pressure value;
(d) after the pressure value is set, executing the next step;
(e) reading the running frequency of the water pump 10;
(f) and (6) circulating back.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the PLC40 may be programmed as described above to adapt to the constant pressure water supply system 100 of an embodiment of the present invention.
Of course, in other embodiments, the PLC40 may be programmed according to other steps to adapt to the constant pressure water supply system 100 of embodiments of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the PLC40 is further configured to feed back the determination result to the frequency converter 30 through the preset communication interface 31 when the determination result is incorrect according to the operating frequency of the water pump 10. The PID regulator 32 of the frequency converter 30 is further configured to perform PID operation again according to the determination result and the water pressure signal, and control the operation of the motor 11 of the water pump 10 according to the operation result.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the PLC40 determines that the operating frequency of the motor 11 of the water pump 10 does not meet the frequency of the constant pressure water supply, the PLC40 feeds back the determination result to the PID controller 32 of the frequency converter 30, so that the PID controller 32 performs the PID operation again, thereby ensuring that the constant pressure water supply system 100 performs the constant pressure water supply.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the constant pressure water supply system 100 further includes a touch screen 50, and the touch screen 50 is communicatively connected to the PLC40, and is configured to display working data during the constant pressure water supply process and send the working data to the PLC40 after receiving setting parameters input by a user.
In the embodiment of the invention, the working data in the constant-pressure water supply process comprises the rotating speed of an alternating current motor of the frequency converter 30, the flow of the water pump 10 and the rotating speed of a motor 11 of the water pump 10. The touch screen 50 is matched with the PLC40 for the application of the PLC40 is more flexible, and meanwhile, parameters can be set, data can be displayed, the automation process can be depicted by cartoons and other situations, and the application visualization of working data in the constant-pressure water supply process can be realized.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A constant-pressure water supply system is characterized by comprising a water pump, a pressure transmitter, a frequency converter and a PLC, wherein the pressure transmitter is arranged at an outlet of the water pump and is connected with the PLC;
the pressure transmitter is used for acquiring a water pressure signal at an outlet of the water pump and transmitting the water pressure signal to the PLC; the PLC is used for sending the water pressure signal to the frequency converter through the preset communication interface; and the PID regulator of the frequency converter is used for carrying out PID operation according to the water pressure signal and controlling the motor of the water pump to operate according to an operation result.
2. The constant pressure water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the PID controller is configured with preset parameters including an adjustment direction, a proportional coefficient, an integral coefficient and a differential coefficient.
3. The constant-pressure water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the PLC is configured with a preset pressure value, the PLC is further configured to send the preset pressure value to the frequency converter through the preset communication interface, and the PID regulator of the frequency converter is configured to perform PID operation according to the preset pressure value and the water pressure signal, and control the operation of the motor of the water pump according to the operation result.
4. The constant pressure water supply system according to claim 1, wherein the PLC is further configured to read an operating frequency of a motor of the water pump.
5. The constant-pressure water supply system according to claim 4, wherein the PLC is further configured to feed back a judgment result to the frequency converter through the preset communication interface when the judgment is incorrect according to the operating frequency of the water pump; and the PID regulator of the frequency converter is also used for carrying out PID operation again according to the judgment result and the water pressure signal and controlling the motor of the water pump to operate according to the operation result.
6. The constant pressure water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the predetermined communication interface is a MODOBUS communication interface.
7. The constant pressure water supply system of claim 6, wherein the frequency converter is further configured to send parameters of the frequency converter to the PLC via the MODOBUS communication interface.
8. The constant pressure water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the frequency converter comprises an FC051 frequency converter.
9. The constant pressure water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the PLC comprises a 200 SMARTPLC.
10. The constant pressure water supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a touch screen communicatively connected to the PLC, for displaying operation data during the constant pressure water supply, and transmitting the operation data to the PLC after receiving the setting parameters inputted by the user.
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Cited By (1)
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CN112526868A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-19 | 海南蓝宇科技有限公司 | Control method of secondary pressurization domestic water supply system |
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