CN111809396A - High-performance fiber pre-dipping process - Google Patents

High-performance fiber pre-dipping process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111809396A
CN111809396A CN202010514333.1A CN202010514333A CN111809396A CN 111809396 A CN111809396 A CN 111809396A CN 202010514333 A CN202010514333 A CN 202010514333A CN 111809396 A CN111809396 A CN 111809396A
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Prior art keywords
fiber
parts
polyvinyl alcohol
performance
epoxy resin
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CN202010514333.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111809396B (en
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马俊
杨建军
马国栋
马亚田
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Anhui Ansai New Material Co ltd
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Anhui Ansai New Material Co ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/55Epoxy resins
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/11Compounds containing epoxy groups or precursors thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/192Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/325Amines
    • D06M13/342Amino-carboxylic acids; Betaines; Aminosulfonic acids; Sulfo-betaines
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/327Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
    • D06M15/333Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/59Polyamides; Polyimides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/18Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/24Polymers or copolymers of alkenylalcohols or esters thereof; Polymers or copolymers of alkenylethers, acetals or ketones

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance fiber pre-dipping process, which comprises the following steps: unreeling and drying the fiber; immersing the dried fiber into swelling solution for 25-40s, quickly freezing the swollen fiber to-30 deg.C, and drying under-0.1 Mpa to obtain swollen fiber; the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, obviously improves the bonding strength of the epoxy resin adhesive and the fiber, and enhances the tensile resistance of the fiber.

Description

High-performance fiber pre-dipping process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber production, and particularly belongs to a high-performance fiber pre-dipping process.
Background
The solution impregnation method is a method in which the components of the resin matrix are dissolved in a solvent having a low boiling point at a predetermined ratio to form a solution having a predetermined concentration, and then the fiber bundle or the woven fabric is passed through the resin matrix solution at a predetermined speed to impregnate the resin matrix with a predetermined amount of the resin matrix, and this method requires a step of removing the solvent. The solution impregnation method has the advantages that the reinforced material is easy to be soaked by the resin matrix, thin prepreg can be manufactured, thick prepreg can also be manufactured, and the equipment cost is relatively low; however, a drying furnace is required to remove or recover the solvent, which causes combustion or environmental pollution due to improper handling, and a certain amount of the solvent remains in the prepreg, which tends to form voids during molding, thereby affecting the performance of the material. The method is similar to the solution impregnation method, but the problems that the mechanical property of the carbon fiber is poor and the surface of the carbon fiber treated by the prepreg process has pores due to the insufficient bonding strength between the carbon fiber and the prepreg after curing still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-performance fiber pre-dipping process, which solves the problems of poor bonding strength between a pre-dipping material and fibers and poor mechanical properties of pre-dipped fibers in the prior art.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high performance fiber pre-preg process comprising the steps of:
s1, unreeling and drying the fiber;
s2, immersing the dried fiber into swelling solution for 25-40S, quickly freezing the swollen fiber to-30 ℃, and drying under-0.1 Mpa to obtain swollen fiber;
s3, immersing the swelling fiber into the prepreg for 10-15S, and then drying at 100-120 ℃ to obtain the high-performance fiber.
In step S3, when the swelling fibers are impregnated in the prepreg, ultrasonic cleaning is performed using an ultrasonic cleaning machine with a power of 800W.
Wherein the swelling solution is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of water, 75 parts of ethanol and 8 parts of amine dendrimer.
Wherein, the amine dendrimer is polyamide.
Wherein, the prepreg is mixed epoxy resin.
Wherein the mixed epoxy resin is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of epoxy resin glue, 1-3 parts of epoxypropane butyl ether and 5-8 parts of modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
The preparation method of the modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber comprises the following steps: dispersing 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol fiber in 20 parts of DMF solution containing 1 part of oxalyl chloride, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for reaction for 10 hours, filtering and drying to obtain acyl chlorinated polyvinyl alcohol fiber, then dispersing the acyl chlorinated polyvinyl alcohol fiber in 30 parts of carbon tetrachloride solution containing 2 parts of alpha-aminopropionic acid and 0.5 part of sodium carbonate, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at 25 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain the alpha-aminopropionic acid modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following implementation effects:
1. according to the invention, the fiber is swelled by adopting a swelling process, the swelling solution is a mixed solution of ethanol and water containing dendritic macromolecules, the ethanol and the water can effectively remove soluble impurities and dust on the surface of the fiber, the burrs on the surface of the fiber are infiltrated, the dendritic macromolecules enter the burrs on the surface of the fiber to prop the burrs on the surface of the fiber, and then the surface of the fiber forms a rough structure under the actions of quick freezing and vacuum drying.
2. The surface of the swelled fiber contains dendritic high molecular polyamide, and the affinity of the amido and acyl groups in the polyamide and the ether group and epoxy functional group of the epoxypropane butyl ether in the mixed epoxy resin is strong, so that the epoxy resin glue can be fully immersed into the surface layer structure of the fiber, and simultaneously, the mixed epoxy resin is cured under the catalysis of the polyamide, so that the bonding strength of the epoxy resin glue and the fiber is remarkably improved, and the tensile resistance of the fiber is enhanced;
3. the surface of the modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber is provided with carboxyl, and the modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber and epoxy resin are subjected to cross-linking reaction in the process of curing the epoxy resin adhesive, so that the polyvinyl alcohol fiber can be tightly combined with the epoxy resin adhesive, and meanwhile, the polyvinyl alcohol fiber plays a role in enhancing the epoxy resin adhesive, so that the epoxy resin adhesive is not easy to break when the fiber is stressed, and the mechanical property of the fiber is enhanced.
4. The prepreg of the process adopts epoxy resin prepreg, has no solvent, and is cured at high temperature after prepreg treatment, so that pores are prevented from being generated on the surface of the fiber after prepreg treatment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The fibers of the present invention use carbon fibers having a diameter of 30um and the polyamide is from xu tengfei engineering plastics, inc.
Example 1
The presoaking process of the high-performance fiber comprises the following steps:
firstly, unreeling the fiber, drying for 20min at 60 ℃, and removing water in the fiber; and preparing modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber, dispersing 1kg of polyvinyl alcohol fiber with the diameter of 100nm and the length of 5um in 20kg of DMF solution containing 1kg of oxalyl chloride, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for reaction for 10 hours, filtering and drying to obtain acyl chlorinated polyvinyl alcohol fiber, then dispersing the acyl chlorinated polyvinyl alcohol fiber in 30kg of carbon tetrachloride solution containing 2kg of alpha-aminopropionic acid and 0.5kg of sodium carbonate, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at 25 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain the alpha-aminopropionic acid modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
The dried fibres were then dipped into a solution of the following weight kg of raw materials: swelling for 30s in a swelling solution prepared by mixing 150kg of water, 75kg of ethanol and 8kg of amine type dendritic polymer polyamide, quickly freezing the swelled fiber to-30 ℃, and drying under-0.1 Mpa to obtain swelled fiber;
finally, immersing swelling fibers into the prepreg by using 800W power ultrasonic for 10s, wherein the prepreg is mixed epoxy resin which is composed of the following raw materials in weight kg: 50kg of epoxy resin glue, 2kg of epoxypropane butyl ether and 6kg of modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber. Then drying at 100 ℃ to obtain the high-performance fiber.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that 800W power ultrasound was used for 15s to immerse the swelling fibres in the prepreg, which is a hybrid epoxy resin consisting of the following raw materials in weight kg: 60kg of epoxy resin glue, 3kg of propylene oxide butyl ether and 8kg of modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber. Then drying at 120 ℃ to obtain the high-performance fiber.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the swelling liquid does not contain the amine type dendrimer polyamide.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the mixed epoxy resin does not contain propylene oxide butyl ether.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber was replaced with a polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
The tensile properties of the high performance fibers of examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested according to the test method of the tensile properties of the national standard GB/T26749-:
example 1 Example 2 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3
Tensile modulus (GPa) 13.4 15.1 8.7 11.6 10.8
As can be seen from the tensile modulus, the polyamide in the swelling solution plays a key role in improving the tensile property of the fiber by the pre-soaking process, and the propylene oxide butyl ether and the modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber effectively improve the tensile property of the fiber.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A high-performance fiber pre-impregnation process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, unreeling and drying the fiber;
s2, immersing the dried fiber into swelling solution for 25-40S, quickly freezing the swollen fiber to-30 ℃, and drying under-0.1 Mpa to obtain swollen fiber;
s3, immersing the swelling fiber into the prepreg for 10-15S, and then drying at 100-120 ℃ to obtain the high-performance fiber.
2. The process of pre-dipping high performance fibers according to claim 1, wherein the swelling fibers are dipped in the pre-dip material in step S3 by using ultrasonic cleaning machine.
3. The high-performance fiber pre-dipping process according to claim 1, wherein the swelling solution is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 150 parts of water, 75 parts of ethanol and 8 parts of amine dendrimer.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the amine-type dendrimer is a polyamide.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the prepreg is a hybrid epoxy resin.
6. The high-performance fiber prepreg according to claim 1, wherein the mixed epoxy resin is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of epoxy resin glue, 1-3 parts of epoxypropane butyl ether and 5-8 parts of modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
7. The high-performance fiber pre-dipping process according to claim 6, wherein the preparation method of the modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber comprises the following steps: dispersing 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol fiber in 20 parts of DMF solution containing 1 part of oxalyl chloride, heating to 40 ℃, stirring for reaction for 10 hours, filtering and drying to obtain acyl chlorinated polyvinyl alcohol fiber, then dispersing the acyl chlorinated polyvinyl alcohol fiber in 30 parts of carbon tetrachloride solution containing 2 parts of alpha-aminopropionic acid and 0.5 part of sodium carbonate, stirring and mixing for 4 hours at 25 ℃, filtering and washing to obtain the alpha-aminopropionic acid modified polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102348735A (en) * 2009-03-24 2012-02-08 东丽株式会社 Epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material, prepreg, and fiber-reinforced composite material
CN104292749A (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-01-21 味之素株式会社 Resin composition
CN104684975A (en) * 2012-09-28 2015-06-03 东丽株式会社 Prepreg and carbon fiber reinforced composite material
US20160122528A1 (en) * 2013-08-07 2016-05-05 Toray Industries, Inc. Epoxy resin composition, prepreg and fiber-reinforced composite material
CN106164168A (en) * 2014-04-10 2016-11-23 赫克塞尔合成有限公司 The improvement of composite
CN108219375A (en) * 2017-12-31 2018-06-29 厦门大学 Surface modified carbon fiber prepreg material based on graphene oxide and preparation method thereof
CN109575334A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-04-05 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of shape memory epoxy resin prepreg and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102348735A (en) * 2009-03-24 2012-02-08 东丽株式会社 Epoxy resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material, prepreg, and fiber-reinforced composite material
CN104684975A (en) * 2012-09-28 2015-06-03 东丽株式会社 Prepreg and carbon fiber reinforced composite material
CN104292749A (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-01-21 味之素株式会社 Resin composition
US20160122528A1 (en) * 2013-08-07 2016-05-05 Toray Industries, Inc. Epoxy resin composition, prepreg and fiber-reinforced composite material
CN106164168A (en) * 2014-04-10 2016-11-23 赫克塞尔合成有限公司 The improvement of composite
CN108219375A (en) * 2017-12-31 2018-06-29 厦门大学 Surface modified carbon fiber prepreg material based on graphene oxide and preparation method thereof
CN109575334A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-04-05 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of shape memory epoxy resin prepreg and preparation method thereof

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