CN111808738A - Microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting integrated equipment and method - Google Patents
Microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting integrated equipment and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides equipment and a method for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting. The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the invention combines the traditional microalgae culture and microalgae harvesting processes together, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, no pollution, no need of secondary installation of industrial equipment and the like; 2. the invention constructs a microalgae culture and harvesting integrated technology which has high efficiency, low cost and low energy consumption and can realize industrial application, microalgae can be rapidly settled under the flocculation action of a flocculating agent and the self gravity action of the microalgae, the flocculation efficiency of the microalgae reaches more than 90 percent, and the microalgae cake with the water content of about 40 percent can be obtained by a plate-and-frame filter press, thereby having good industrial prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microalgae culture and harvesting, in particular to equipment and a method for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting.
Background
The microalgae can effectively degrade and remove nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the wastewater while synthesizing self cell structures by using the compounds such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like rich in nutrients in the wastewater for growth and propagation. The microalgae contains abundant proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids and pigments, and has the advantages of high growth speed, high yield per unit volume and the like. Therefore, the microalgae has wide application prospects in various fields such as biological feeds, biopharmaceuticals, health products, fuels and the like. However, the problem of high cost caused by complicated microalgae culture and harvesting processes is a big problem at present, and mainly comprises three aspects: firstly, microalgae individuals and tiny microalgae, the diameter of the microalgae is generally in the range of 3-30mm, the growth and the propagation of the microalgae liquid are easily influenced by external environmental conditions, and the concentration of the microalgae liquid is low (<1g/L), so that the microalgae is not easy to collect; secondly, the surfaces of the microalgae cells are more negatively charged, and the cells repel each other, so that the individual can be uniformly dispersed and suspended in the culture solution to form a stable dispersion system which is difficult to aggregate; thirdly, the high water content of the algae liquid leads to large processing capacity of the liquid containing the microalgae, and the large processing capacity is a very remarkable problem especially for industrial scale. Therefore, research on integration of microalgae culture and efficient microalgae harvesting is very necessary.
The current microalgae culture methods include closed culture and open culture. The open culture has the advantages of sufficient illumination, good ventilation and the like, so that the algae grows and breeds more quickly than the closed culture. The algae harvesting method mainly comprises centrifugation, filtration, air flotation, flocculation and the like. The conventional centrifugal method has the advantages of good dehydration effect, capability of effectively removing most of free water in the algae liquid, huge cost for treating a large amount of microalgae culture solution and difficulty in realizing industrialization; the filtration method has the advantages of high recovery rate and dehydration rate, is suitable for various filters and various membranes, has the defects of causing the problems of membrane blockage and the like during operation, has high energy consumption and high membrane replacement cost, and is difficult to realize industrialization; the air floatation method has the advantages of high recovery rate of low-concentration algae liquid, continuous operation, low dehydration rate and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides equipment for integrating microalgae cultivation and algae cake harvesting, which comprises a raceway pond, a water pump, a dosing tank, a reaction settling tank, a diaphragm pump and a plate-and-frame filter press, wherein the raceway pond, the water pump, the reaction settling tank, the diaphragm pump and the plate-and-frame filter press are sequentially connected, and the dosing tank is connected with the water pump.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the water pump includes a first water pump and a second water pump, the reaction settling tank includes a first reaction settling tank and a second reaction settling tank, the raceway pond is connected to the first water pump, the first water pump is connected to the first reaction settling tank and the second reaction settling tank, the first reaction settling tank is connected to the second reaction settling tank, one end of the diaphragm pump is connected to the first reaction settling tank and the second reaction settling tank, the other end of the diaphragm pump is connected to the plate-and-frame filter press, the dosing tank is connected to the second water pump, and the second water pump is connected to the first reaction settling tank and the second reaction settling tank.
As a further development of the invention, the device comprises a manually adjustable valve which is mounted between the raceway pond and the first water pump.
As a further development of the invention, the apparatus comprises an electrically operated regulating valve which is installed between the second water pump and the first reaction precipitation tank.
As a further improvement of the invention, the equipment comprises a stirrer, wherein the stirrer comprises a first stirrer and a second stirrer, and the first stirrer and the second stirrer are respectively arranged in the first reaction sedimentation tank and the second reaction sedimentation tank.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the apparatus includes a first liquid level detector and a second liquid level detector, wherein the first liquid level detector and the second liquid level detector are respectively installed in the first reaction settling tank and the second reaction settling tank; the first reaction settling tank is provided with a first water outlet, the second reaction settling tank is provided with a second water outlet, and the plate-and-frame filter press is provided with a wastewater discharge port.
As a further improvement of the invention, the plate-and-frame filter press comprises filter cloth, the aperture of the filter cloth is 0.5-5.0 μm, the filter cloth adopts single-layer or double-layer filter cloth, and the filter cloth is made of polypropylene filter cloth or nylon filter cloth; the runway pool is made of transparent materials capable of fully receiving illumination.
The invention also discloses a method for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvest, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: an algae cultivation runway pool; introducing an appropriate amount of algae liquid into the raceway pond, culturing microalgae in the outdoor raceway pond by using urban sewage, wherein the urban sewage provides nutrient substances for rapid growth and propagation of the microalgae, the microalgae rapidly propagates in N, P-high and proper illumination environment, and the raceway pond provides enough space for growth and propagation of the microalgae;
step 2: flocculation and solid-liquid separation of microalgae; pumping the algae liquid in the raceway pond into a reaction settling tank through a water pump, adding a flocculating agent, fully mixing the agent and the algae liquid under the stirring of a stirrer, performing solid-liquid separation by utilizing the flocculation effect of the flocculating agent on the microalgae and the gravity of the microalgae, harvesting more than 90% of algae from the bottom of the reaction settling tank in the process, and discharging supernatant from the upper part of the reaction settling tank to achieve the purpose of efficiently harvesting the microalgae;
and step 3: preparing and collecting algae cakes; microalgae flowing out of the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank is subjected to algae cake production through a plate-and-frame filter press, and residual wastewater is discharged through a wastewater discharge port to obtain algae cakes with the water content of about 40%.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step 1, the microalgae is one or more of diatom, scenedesmus, chlorella and rhombohedral algae obtained by screening from nature, and the concentration of the algae liquid is 0.5-1.0g/L when the microalgae is added; the specification of the raceway pond is 3 × 2 × 1m, a plastic impeller and 8 impellers are adopted, and the radius of a hole of each impeller is 30 cm;
in the step 1, municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium and is filtered by a filter screen of 50-100 meshes, the total nitrogen content is 30-60mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 4-6mg/L, and the pH value is 6-8;
in the step 2, the water pump is set to be 100 rpm/min; the added flocculating agent is aluminum potassium sulfate, the adding concentration is 0.5g/L, the stirring speed is set to be 100rad/min, and the time is 10-15 min;
in the step 2, a single reaction settling tank is used when the flow of the algae liquid is small by controlling an electric regulating valve, and the two reaction settling tanks run simultaneously when the flow is large;
in the step 3, the filter cloth of the plate-and-frame filter press is a filter cloth with the aperture of 0.5-5.0 μm, the filter cloth is a single-layer or double-layer filter cloth, and the filter cloth is made of polypropylene filter cloth or nylon filter cloth.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step 1, a 100-mesh filter screen is adopted for filtering, the total nitrogen content is 45mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 6mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5; adding chlorella solution with the concentration of 1.0g/L into the raceway pond, and culturing under the illumination condition; in the step 2, the mixture was stirred with a stirrer for 15min and then allowed to stand.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the equipment and the method for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting combine the traditional two processes of microalgae culture and microalgae harvesting, and have the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, no pollution, no need of secondary installation of industrial equipment and the like; 2. the invention constructs a microalgae culture and harvesting integrated technology which has high efficiency, low cost and low energy consumption and can realize industrial application, microalgae can be rapidly settled under the flocculation action of a flocculating agent and the self gravity action of the microalgae, the flocculation efficiency of the microalgae reaches more than 90 percent, and the microalgae cake with the water content of about 40 percent can be obtained by a plate-and-frame filter press, thereby having good industrial prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an integrated device for microalgae cultivation and algae cake harvesting.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 1, the invention discloses equipment integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting, which comprises a runway pool 1, a water pump, a dosing tank 4, a reaction settling tank, a diaphragm pump 8 and a plate-and-frame filter press 9, wherein the runway pool 1, the water pump, the reaction settling tank, the diaphragm pump 8 and the plate-and-frame filter press 9 are sequentially connected, and the dosing tank 4 is connected with the water pump.
The water pump includes first water pump 2, second water pump 3, the reaction and precipitation jar includes first reaction and precipitation jar 5, second reaction and precipitation jar 6, runway pond 1 with first water pump 2 links to each other, first water pump 2 respectively with first reaction and precipitation jar 5 second reaction and precipitation jar 6 links to each other, first reaction and precipitation jar 5 with second reaction and precipitation jar 6 links to each other, 8 one end of diaphragm pump respectively with first reaction and precipitation jar 5 second reaction and precipitation jar 6 links to each other, 8 other ends of diaphragm pump with filter press 9 links to each other, dosing tank 4 with second water pump 2 links to each other, second water pump 2 respectively with first reaction and precipitation jar 5 second reaction and precipitation jar 6 links to each other.
The device comprises a manual regulating valve 10, wherein the manual regulating valve 10 is installed between the runway pool 1 and the first water pump 2.
The equipment comprises an electric regulating valve 11, wherein the electric regulating valve 11 is installed between the second water pump 3 and the first reaction sedimentation tank 5.
The equipment comprises a stirrer, wherein the stirrer comprises a first stirrer 13 and a second stirrer 14, and the first stirrer 13 and the second stirrer 14 are respectively arranged in the first reaction precipitation tank 5 and the second reaction precipitation tank 6.
The equipment comprises a first liquid level detector 15 and a second liquid level detector 18, wherein the first liquid level detector 15 and the second liquid level detector 18 are respectively installed in the first reaction settling tank 5 and the second reaction settling tank 6.
The first reaction settling tank 5 is provided with a first water outlet 16, the second reaction settling tank 6 is provided with a second water outlet 17, and the plate-and-frame filter press 9 is provided with a wastewater discharge port.
The plate-and-frame filter press 9 comprises filter cloth, the aperture of the filter cloth is 0.5-5.0 μm, the filter cloth adopts single-layer or double-layer filter cloth, and the filter cloth is made of polypropylene filter cloth or nylon filter cloth; the runway pool 1 is made of transparent materials capable of fully receiving illumination so as to ensure that microalgae in the runway pool can better perform photosynthesis and growth and reproduction.
The invention discloses a device for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvest, which comprises the following specific implementation processes: putting an appropriate amount of algae liquid into the raceway pond 1, culturing microalgae in the outdoor raceway pond 1 by using urban sewage, pumping the algae liquid in the raceway pond into a reaction settling tank by a water pump, simultaneously adding a flocculating agent, fully mixing the agent and the algae liquid under the stirring of a stirrer, performing solid-liquid separation by using the flocculation effect of the flocculating agent on the microalgae and the gravity of the microalgae, discharging supernatant from the upper part of the reaction settling tank, and discharging the flocculated microalgae from the lower part of the reaction settling tank to achieve the purpose of efficiently harvesting the microalgae; microalgae flowing out of the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank is subjected to algae cake production through a plate-and-frame filter press 9, and residual wastewater is discharged to obtain algae cakes with the water content of about 40%.
The invention also discloses a method for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvest, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: an algae cultivation runway pool; introducing an appropriate amount of algae liquid into the raceway pond 1, culturing microalgae in the outdoor raceway pond 1 by using urban sewage, wherein the urban sewage provides nutrient substances for rapid growth and propagation of the microalgae, the microalgae rapidly propagates in N, P-high and appropriate illumination environment, and the raceway pond 1 provides enough space for growth and propagation of the microalgae;
step 2: flocculation and solid-liquid separation of microalgae; pumping the algae liquid in the raceway pond 1 into a reaction settling tank through a water pump, simultaneously adding a flocculating agent, fully mixing the agent and the algae liquid under the stirring of a stirrer, performing solid-liquid separation by utilizing the flocculation effect of the flocculating agent on the microalgae and the gravity of the microalgae, harvesting more than 90% of algae from the bottom of the reaction settling tank in the process, and discharging supernatant from the upper part of the reaction settling tank to achieve the purpose of efficiently harvesting the microalgae;
and step 3: preparing and collecting algae cakes; microalgae flowing out of the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank is subjected to algae cake production through a plate-and-frame filter press 9, and residual wastewater is discharged through a wastewater discharge port to obtain algae cakes with the water content of about 40%.
In the step 1, the microalgae is one or more of diatom, scenedesmus, chlorella and rhombohedral algae obtained by screening from the nature, and the concentration of algae liquid is 0.5-1.0g/L when the microalgae is added; the runway pool 1 is 3 x 2 x 1m in specification, a plastic impeller is adopted, 8 impellers are adopted, and the radius of a hole of each impeller is 30 cm;
in the step 1, municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium and is filtered by a filter screen of 50-100 meshes, the total nitrogen content is 30-60mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 4-6mg/L, and the pH value is 6-8;
in the step 2, the water pump is set to be 100 rpm/min; the added flocculating agent is aluminum potassium sulfate, the adding concentration is 0.5g/L, the stirring speed is set to be 100rad/min, and the time is 10-15 min;
in the step 2, by controlling the electric regulating valve 11, a single reaction settling tank is used when the flow of the algae liquid is small, and the two reaction settling tanks run simultaneously when the flow is large;
in the step 3, the filter cloth of the plate-and-frame filter press 9 is a filter cloth with an aperture of 0.5-5.0 μm, the filter cloth is a single-layer or double-layer filter cloth, and the filter cloth is made of polypropylene filter cloth or nylon filter cloth.
The flocculation method in the method for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvest has short flocculation treatment time and good flocculation effect.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step 1, a 100-mesh filter screen is adopted for filtering, the total nitrogen content is 45mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 6mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5; adding chlorella solution with the concentration of 1.0g/L into the raceway pond 1, and culturing under the illumination condition; after culturing for one week, continuously pumping the algae liquid into a reaction precipitation tank through a water pump, adding aluminum potassium sulfate serving as a flocculating agent, stirring for 15min by using a stirrer in the step 2, standing, discharging 90% of microalgae after solid-liquid separation from the lower part of the reaction precipitation tank, then making an algae cake through a plate-and-frame filter press, discharging residual wastewater, and determining the water content of the algae cake to find that the water content of the algae cake is 40%.
Comparative examples as preferred embodiments of the invention:
municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium and is filtered by a 100-mesh filter screen, the total nitrogen content is 45mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 6mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5. Adding chlorella solution with the concentration of 1.0g/L into the raceway pond, and culturing under the illumination condition. After one week of culture, continuously pumping the algae liquid into a reaction precipitation tank through a water pump, stirring for 15min by using a stirrer, standing, discharging only 50% of microalgae from the lower part of the reaction precipitation tank, and making an algae cake through a plate-and-frame filter press, wherein the water content of the algae cake is 75%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the equipment and the method for integrating microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting combine the traditional two processes of microalgae culture and microalgae harvesting, and have the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, no pollution, no need of secondary installation of industrial equipment and the like; 2. the invention constructs a microalgae culture and harvesting integrated technology which has high efficiency, low cost and low energy consumption and can realize industrial application, microalgae can be rapidly settled under the flocculation action of a flocculating agent and the self gravity action of the microalgae, the flocculation efficiency of the microalgae reaches more than 90 percent, and the microalgae cake with the water content of about 40 percent can be obtained by a plate-and-frame filter press, thereby having good industrial prospect.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an equipment that little algae was cultivateed and algae cake results integration which characterized in that: the device comprises a runway pool (1), a water pump, a dosing tank (4), a reaction settling tank, a diaphragm pump (8) and a plate and frame filter press (9), wherein the runway pool (1), the water pump, the reaction settling tank, the diaphragm pump (8) and the plate and frame filter press (9) are sequentially connected, and the dosing tank (4) is connected with the water pump.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the water pump comprises a first water pump (2) and a second water pump (3), the reaction settling tank comprises a first reaction settling tank (5) and a second reaction settling tank (6), the runway pool (1) is connected with the first water pump (2), the first water pump (2) is respectively connected with the first reaction sedimentation tank (5) and the second reaction sedimentation tank (6), the first reaction precipitation tank (5) is connected with the second reaction precipitation tank (6), one end of the diaphragm pump (8) is respectively connected with the first reaction precipitation tank (5) and the second reaction precipitation tank (6), the other end of the diaphragm pump (8) is connected with the plate-and-frame filter press (9), the dosing tank (4) is connected with the second water pump (2), and the second water pump (2) is respectively connected with the first reaction settling tank (5) and the second reaction settling tank (6).
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the equipment comprises a manual regulating valve (10), wherein the manual regulating valve (10) is installed between the runway pool (1) and the first water pump (2).
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the equipment comprises an electric regulating valve (11), wherein the electric regulating valve (11) is installed between the second water pump (3) and the first reaction settling tank (5).
5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the equipment comprises a stirrer, wherein the stirrer comprises a first stirrer (13) and a second stirrer (14), and the first stirrer (13) and the second stirrer (14) are respectively installed in the first reaction settling tank (5) and the second reaction settling tank (6).
6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the equipment comprises a first liquid level detector (15) and a second liquid level detector (18), wherein the first liquid level detector (15) and the second liquid level detector (18) are respectively installed in the first reaction settling tank (5) and the second reaction settling tank (6); the device is characterized in that a first water drainage port (16) is formed in the first reaction settling tank (5), a second water drainage port (17) is formed in the second reaction settling tank (6), and a wastewater drainage port is formed in the plate-and-frame filter press (9).
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the plate-and-frame filter press (9) comprises filter cloth, the aperture of the filter cloth is 0.5-5.0 mu m, the filter cloth adopts single-layer or double-layer filter cloth, and the filter cloth is made of polypropylene filter cloth or nylon filter cloth; the runway pool (1) is made of transparent materials capable of fully receiving illumination.
8. A microalgae culture and algae cake harvesting integrated method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: an algae cultivation runway pool; introducing an appropriate amount of algae liquid into the raceway pond (1), culturing microalgae in the outdoor raceway pond (1) by using urban sewage, wherein the urban sewage provides nutrient substances for rapid growth and propagation of the microalgae, the microalgae rapidly propagate in N, P-high and proper illumination environment, and the raceway pond (1) provides enough space for growth and propagation of the microalgae;
step 2: flocculation and solid-liquid separation of microalgae; pumping the algae liquid in the raceway pond (1) into a reaction settling tank through a water pump, simultaneously adding a flocculating agent, fully mixing the agent and the algae liquid under the stirring of a stirrer, performing solid-liquid separation by utilizing the flocculation effect of the flocculating agent on the microalgae and the gravity of the microalgae, harvesting more than 90% of algae from the bottom of the reaction settling tank in the process, and discharging supernatant from the upper part of the reaction settling tank to achieve the purpose of efficiently harvesting the microalgae;
and step 3: preparing and collecting algae cakes; microalgae flowing out of the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank is subjected to algae cake production through a plate-and-frame filter press (9), and residual wastewater is discharged through a wastewater discharge port to obtain algae cakes with the water content of about 40%.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein:
in the step 1, the microalgae is one or more of diatom, scenedesmus, chlorella and rhombohedral algae obtained by screening from the nature, and the concentration of algae liquid is 0.5-1.0g/L when the microalgae is added; the specification of the raceway pond (1) is 3 x 2 x 1m, a plastic impeller and 8 impellers are adopted, and the radius of a hole of each impeller is 30 cm;
in the step 1, municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium and is filtered by a filter screen of 50-100 meshes, the total nitrogen content is 30-60mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 4-6mg/L, and the pH value is 6-8;
in the step 2, the water pump is set to be 100 rpm/min; the added flocculating agent is aluminum potassium sulfate, the adding concentration is 0.5g/L, the stirring speed is set to be 100rad/min, and the time is 10-15 min;
in the step 2, a single reaction settling tank is used when the flow of the algae liquid is small by controlling an electric regulating valve (11), and the two reaction settling tanks run simultaneously when the flow is large;
in the step 3, the filter cloth of the plate-and-frame filter press (9) is a filter cloth with the aperture of 0.5-5.0 μm, the filter cloth is a single-layer or double-layer filter cloth, and the filter cloth is made of polypropylene filter cloth or nylon filter cloth.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: in the step 1, a 100-mesh filter screen is adopted for filtering, the total nitrogen content is 45mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 6mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5; adding chlorella liquid with the concentration of 1.0g/L into the raceway pond (1), and culturing under the illumination condition; in the step 2, the mixture was stirred with a stirrer for 15min and then allowed to stand.
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