CN110218655B - System for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by utilizing magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage - Google Patents
System for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by utilizing magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110218655B CN110218655B CN201910624900.6A CN201910624900A CN110218655B CN 110218655 B CN110218655 B CN 110218655B CN 201910624900 A CN201910624900 A CN 201910624900A CN 110218655 B CN110218655 B CN 110218655B
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- microalgae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to a system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by utilizing a magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage, which mainly comprises: (1) and (2) microalgae adherent culture, namely adding a proper amount of light-transmitting carriers with proper size into the device, introducing algae liquid with proper concentration into the device, providing a high N, P environment for rapid growth and propagation of microalgae by using municipal sewage, and culturing the microalgae by using the principle that the microalgae is easily attached to the surface of the carrier to form a biofilm under the illumination condition. (2) Harvesting microalgae, wherein a magnetic rotor is arranged at the bottom of the device, solid-liquid separation is carried out by utilizing centrifugal force generated by the rapid rotation of the magnetic rotor and the gravity of a microalgae biomembrane, the microalgae is deposited at the bottom of the device, and supernatant is discharged from the upper part of the device, so that the purpose of efficiently harvesting the microalgae is achieved. The method combines the traditional microalgae culture and microalgae harvesting processes, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, low energy consumption, no pollution and industrial prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of microalgae harvesting, and particularly relates to an attached type oil-containing microalgae culturing system for harvesting municipal sewage by using a magnetic rotor.
Background
The microalgae can absorb and utilize compounds such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like rich in nutrients in the wastewater to synthesize a self cell structure, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the wastewater are effectively degraded and removed, and the microalgae contains rich nutrients such as protein, polyunsaturated fatty acid, pigment and the like, and has the advantages of high growth speed, high yield per unit volume and the like. Therefore, the microalgae has wide application prospects in various fields such as biological feed, biological pharmacy, health products, fuels and the like. However, the high harvesting cost of microalgae is a big problem facing to the present, and mainly includes three aspects: firstly, microalgae individuals and tiny microalgae, the diameter of the microalgae is generally in the range of 3-30mm, and the concentration of the microalgae liquid is low (<1g/L), so that the microalgae is difficult to harvest; secondly, the surfaces of the microalgae cells are more negatively charged, and the cells repel each other, so that the individual can be uniformly dispersed and suspended in the culture solution to form a stable dispersion system which is difficult to aggregate; thirdly, the high water content of the algae liquid leads to large processing capacity of the liquid containing the microalgae, and the large processing capacity is a very remarkable problem especially for industrial scale. Therefore, research on a method for efficiently harvesting microalgae is very necessary.
At present, microalgae harvesting methods mainly comprise centrifugation, filtration, air flotation, flocculation and the like. The conventional centrifugal method has the advantages of good dehydration effect, capability of effectively removing most of free water in the algae liquid, huge cost for treating a large amount of microalgae culture solution and difficulty in realizing industrialization; the filtration method has the advantages of high recovery rate and dehydration rate, is suitable for various filters and various membranes, has the defects of causing the problems of membrane blockage and the like during operation, has high energy consumption and high membrane replacement cost, and is difficult to realize industrialization; the air floatation method has the advantages that the high recovery rate of the low-concentration algae liquid can be achieved, the continuous operation can be realized, but the problems of low dehydration rate and high cost exist; the flocculation method has good flocculation effect, but is easy to cause secondary pollution or biological pollution. Therefore, the finding of a microalgae harvesting method which is efficient, pollution-free, low in cost and easy to industrialize is a big problem faced by the existing microalgae harvesting process.
The prior art CN201210464953.4 discloses a method for rapidly collecting algae by utilizing magnetic flocculation nanoparticles and application thereof. Firstly, adjusting the pH value of a microalgae culture solution to be more than or equal to 6.0, adding magnetic flocculation nanoparticles, mixing and stirring to obtain microalgae cells and polymers of the magnetic flocculation nanoparticles; and then magnetically adsorbing the polymer of the microalgae cells and the magnetic flocculation nanoparticles by a magnetic field generator, and separating to obtain the polymer of the microalgae cells and the magnetic flocculation nanoparticles. Through a large amount of researches, the method is found to be further improved for microalgae culture.
The invention combines the culture and the harvest of the microalgae, the device has small floor area and no secondary pollution, the generated biofilm flocculation effect is easy to individuate the microalgae, and the invention has considerable industrialization prospect in the aspect of microalgae harvesting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by utilizing a magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption, low speed, low efficiency and difficult industrialization of the existing microalgae harvesting method, and the microalgae harvesting rate can reach more than 95%.
The invention is realized in this way, a system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by using a magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage mainly comprises:
(1) carrying out attached culture on microalgae, namely adding a proper amount of light-transmitting carriers with proper size into a device, introducing an algae solution with proper concentration into the device, and providing N, P-rich environment for rapid growth and propagation of the microalgae by using municipal sewage; under the condition of illumination, the microalgae are attached to the surface of the carrier to form a biofilm, and a certain amount of microalgae is generated and accumulated in the device within a certain time to enable the biofilm to reach a certain thickness;
(2) harvesting of microalgae, wherein a magnetic rotor is arranged at the bottom of the device, solid-liquid separation is carried out by utilizing centrifugal force generated by the rapid rotation of the magnetic rotor and the gravity of a microalgae biomembrane, the microalgae is deposited at the bottom of the device, supernatant is discharged from the upper part of the device, more than 95% of algae can be harvested in the process, and the purpose of efficiently harvesting the microalgae is achieved.
A large number of experimental researches show that by adopting the system, the flocculation and sedimentation efficiency of the biomembrane formed by gathering the microalgae is far higher than the individual flocculation efficiency of the microalgae, and the microalgae harvesting rate is greatly improved.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device adopts the transparent organic glass material that is polymerized by methyl methacrylate and can fully accept the illumination, the light transmissivity carrier adopts the light transmission effectual, the semi-soft filler of easy biofilm formation to little algae in the assurance device carries out photosynthesis and growth and reproduction better.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the microalgae is one or more of diatom, scenedesmus, chlorella and rhombohedral algae obtained by screening from nature; the semi-soft material is made of polyethylene, the diameter of the semi-soft material is 150mm, the semi-soft material is vertically fixed in the device in series through a fiber rope, and the installation distance is 50 mm.
Preferably, the fiber ropes are selected to be 3-10; the number of the semi-soft materials on each fiber rope is 5-10.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: during microalgae adherent culture, municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium, and is filtered by a filter screen of 50-100 meshes, the total nitrogen content is 30-60mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 4-6mg/L, and the pH value is 6-8.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: when the microalgae is added, the concentration of the algae liquid is 0.5-1.0 g/L.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method adopts high-speed stirring, the stirring speed is set to be 1000-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the scheme, a microalgae harvesting technology which is high in efficiency, low in cost and energy consumption and capable of realizing industrial application is constructed, a microalgae biomembrane can be rapidly settled under the action of huge centrifugal force, the flocculation efficiency of microalgae is up to more than 95%, and the method has a good industrial prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by using a magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage, wherein 1, the algae liquid; 2. a light-transmissive support; 3. a biofilm reactor; 4. a magnetic rotor; 5. a solid-liquid separation tank.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by utilizing a magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage, which is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. As shown in fig. 1, the technical solution of the present invention is: constructing a system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae by using a magnetic rotor to harvest municipal sewage, which mainly comprises 1, algae liquid; 2. a light-transmissive support; 3. a biofilm reactor; 4. a magnetic rotor; 5. and the solid-liquid separation tank can completely harvest the cultured microalgae after separation under certain conditions.
The specific implementation process is as follows: microalgae adherent culture is carried out by arranging a proper amount of light-transmitting carrier 2 with proper size in a device and introducing algae liquid 1 with proper concentration into the device. Under the condition of illumination, the microalgae rapidly propagate in the high N, P environment and attach to the transparent carrier to form a microalgae biofilm. The magnetic rotor 4 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor 3, solid-liquid separation is carried out by utilizing centrifugal force generated by the rapid rotation of the magnetic rotor 4 and the gravity of the microalgae biofilm, the microalgae is deposited at the bottom of the device 3, and supernatant is discharged from the upper part of the solid-liquid separation tank 5, so that the recovery of the microalgae is realized.
In the specific embodiment, the device adopts a transparent organic glass material which is polymerized by methyl methacrylate and can fully receive illumination, and the light-transmitting carrier adopts a semi-soft filler which has a good light-transmitting effect and is easy to be filmed. In a specific embodiment, the microalgae is one or more of diatom, scenedesmus, chlorella and rhombohedral algae obtained by screening from nature; the semi-soft material is made of polyethylene, the diameter of the semi-soft material is 150mm, the semi-soft material is vertically fixed in the device in series through a fiber rope, and the installation distance is 50 mm. Preferably, the fiber ropes are selected to be 3-10; the number of the semi-soft materials on each fiber rope is 5-10. In the specific embodiment, the microalgae is cultured by selecting municipal sewage as a culture medium and filtering the culture medium by using a filter screen of 50-100 meshes, wherein the total nitrogen content is 30-60mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 4-6mg/L, and the pH value is 6-8. In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the algae liquid is 0.5-1.0g/L when the microalgae is added in the microalgae attaching culture step. In the specific embodiment, high-speed stirring is adopted, the stirring speed is set to be 1000-2000rad/min, and the time is 10-15 min.
Example 1
The device adopts the transparent organic glass material that is polymerized by methyl methacrylate and can fully accept the illumination, the light transmissivity carrier adopts the semi-soft filler that the printing opacity is effectual, easy biofilm formation. The semi-soft material is polyethylene material, and the diameter is 150mm, establishes ties with the fibre rope and vertically fixes in the device, and the installation distance is 50 mm. Wherein, the number of the fiber ropes is 3; the number of the semi-soft materials on each fiber rope is 7. Municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium and is filtered by a 100-mesh filter screen, the total nitrogen content is 45mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 6mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5. Adding 1.0g/L algae solution into the device, and culturing under 6000-8000 lx illumination condition. After culturing for 30 days, stirring for 10min at the speed of 1000rad/min by using a magnetic stirrer, standing for 10min, discharging supernatant from the upper part of the solid-liquid separation tank, and measuring the flocculation rate of the microalgae to be up to 96%.
Example 2
The device adopts the transparent organic glass material that is polymerized by methyl methacrylate and can fully accept the illumination, the light transmissivity carrier adopts the semi-soft filler that the printing opacity is effectual, easy biofilm formation. The semi-soft material is made of polyethylene, the diameter of the semi-soft material is 150mm, the semi-soft material is vertically fixed in the device in series through a fiber rope, and the installation distance is 50 mm. Wherein, the number of the fiber ropes is 3; the number of the semi-soft materials on each fiber rope is 7. Municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium and is filtered by a 50-mesh filter screen, the total nitrogen content is 60mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 5mg/L, and the pH value is 6. Adding 0.75g/L algae solution into the device, and culturing under 6000-8000 lx illumination condition. After 30 days of culture, stirring for 15min at the speed of 2000rad/min by using a magnetic stirrer, standing for 10min, discharging supernatant from the upper part of the solid-liquid separation tank, and measuring the flocculation rate of the microalgae to be up to 96%.
Comparative example 1
Municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium and is filtered by a 100-mesh filter screen, the total nitrogen content is 45mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 6mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5. Adding 1.0g/L algae solution into the device, and culturing under 6000-8000 lx illumination condition. After 30 days of cultivation, the biomass was determined to be 2.4 g/L. Stirring the mixture for 10min at the speed of 1000rad/min by using a magnetic stirrer, and standing the mixture for 10min to determine that the flocculation rate of the microalgae is only 70 percent.
According to the experimental results, the scheme constructs a technology which has high efficiency and low pollution and can be used for industrially harvesting the microalgae, the device has small floor area and no secondary pollution, the generated biofilm flocculation effect is easy to individuate the microalgae, and the method has considerable industrial prospect in the aspect of microalgae harvesting.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A system for harvesting urban sewage attached culture oil-containing microalgae by using a magnetic rotor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) culturing microalgae in an attached mode, adding a proper amount of light-transmitting carriers with proper size into the device, introducing algae liquid with proper concentration into the device,
the device is made of transparent organic glass materials which are polymerized by methyl methacrylate and can fully receive illumination, the light-transmitting carrier is made of semi-soft fillers which are good in light-transmitting effect and easy to form films, the semi-soft materials are made of polyethylene and have the diameter of 150mm, the semi-soft materials are vertically fixed in the device in a serial connection mode through fiber ropes, the installation distance is 50mm, and the number of the fiber ropes is 3-10; the number of the semi-soft materials on each fiber rope is 5-10; when the microalgae is added, the concentration of the algae liquid is 0.5-1.0 g/L;
the urban sewage provides a high N, P environment for rapid growth and propagation of microalgae, the total nitrogen content is 30-60mg/L, the total phosphorus content is 4-6mg/L, and the pH value is 6-8; under the condition of illumination, the microalgae are attached to the surface of the carrier to form a biofilm, and a certain amount of microalgae is generated and accumulated in the device within a certain time to enable the biofilm to reach a certain thickness;
(2) harvesting microalgae, arranging a magnetic rotor at the bottom of the device, performing solid-liquid separation by utilizing centrifugal force generated by the rapid rotation of the magnetic rotor and the gravity of a microalgae biomembrane, stirring at high speed by adopting the magnetic rotor, setting the stirring speed to be 1000 plus 2000rad/min, and the time to be 10-15min, depositing the microalgae at the bottom of the device, discharging supernatant from the upper part of the device, and harvesting more than 95 percent of algae in the process to achieve the purpose of efficiently harvesting the microalgae.
2. The system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae for harvesting municipal sewage by using a magnetic rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microalgae is one or more of diatom, scenedesmus, chlorella and rhombohedral algae obtained by screening from nature.
3. The system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae for harvesting municipal sewage by using a magnetic rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: during microalgae attachment culture, municipal sewage is selected as a culture medium, and a filter screen of 50-100 meshes is used for filtering.
4. The system for attached culture of oil-containing microalgae for harvesting municipal sewage by using a magnetic rotor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flocculation efficiency of the microalgae is taken as an index, and the flocculation efficiency is up to more than 95%.
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| CN112662564B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-04-26 | 北京科技大学 | Method for stripping and harvesting microalgae biofilm by using interface effect |
| CN113060839B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-06-24 | 山东大学 | System for microalgae pseudoplant is used for handling reverse osmosis dense water |
| CN113233697A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-08-10 | 山东大学 | Sewage treatment system and method based on microalgae culture |
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| CN103333880A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-10-02 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for harvesting microalgae with magnetic separator |
| CN103849570A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-11 | 清华大学 | Method for harvesting microalgae by rapidly adsorbing and gathering with suspended carrier |
| CN109628316A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Utilize the method for oil-producing microalgae in magnetic particle scale harvest municipal sewage cultivating system |
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| CN103333880A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-10-02 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for harvesting microalgae with magnetic separator |
| CN103849570A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-11 | 清华大学 | Method for harvesting microalgae by rapidly adsorbing and gathering with suspended carrier |
| CN109628316A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Utilize the method for oil-producing microalgae in magnetic particle scale harvest municipal sewage cultivating system |
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