CN111807796A - Novel composite anti-seepage layer based artificial lake bottom anti-seepage method - Google Patents
Novel composite anti-seepage layer based artificial lake bottom anti-seepage method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0277—Hardening promoted by using additional water, e.g. by spraying water on the green concrete element
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/121—Devices for applying linings on banks or the water bottom
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial lake bottom anti-permeability method based on a novel composite anti-permeability layer, which comprises the following steps: (1) the lowest layer is a plain soil compaction layer, and the plain soil is undisturbed soil; (2) preparing a novel composite soil anti-seepage layer, paving the novel composite soil anti-seepage layer on a plain soil compaction layer, and compacting by using a machine, wherein solid-phase components of the novel composite soil anti-seepage layer comprise dry clay, fly ash, river sand, stone powder and a small amount of industrial waste residues, and liquid-phase components comprise a water plugging agent (polyacrylamide solution), a water glass solution, a calcium chloride solution and water; (3) and uniformly paving a planting soil covering layer on the novel composite soil impervious layer. The invention adopts a 'sandwich' anti-permeability method of a plain soil compaction layer, a novel composite soil anti-permeability layer and a planting soil covering layer, and compared with the traditional method, the invention has the advantages of simpler construction operation, lower cost, more convenient material taking, no ecological destruction and economic and environmental protection effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an anti-permeability method for an artificial lake bottom, in particular to an anti-permeability method for an artificial lake bottom based on a novel composite anti-permeability layer.
Background
When the artificial lake is subjected to seepage-proofing treatment, a construction method generally adopts a method of paving a waterproof layer structure for thoroughly blocking seepage, and the method blocks the communication between lake water and underground water, destroys the ecological balance of the artificial lake and causes pollution. And the geotextile has limited service life, can age after a plurality of years, has reduced impermeability and needs to be replaced. Although clay has a certain anti-seepage effect, the anti-seepage requirement of the artificial lake is far from being met, and the anti-seepage structure of the artificial lake adopted in the Chinese invention patent application 'ecological waterproof and seepage-reducing method of the artificial lake in saline-alkali soil' (application publication No. CN 108457241A) needs a plain soil compaction layer, an anti-hydrophobic soil curing layer, a geotextile layer (the geotextile is generally used for the saline-alkali soil) and a planting soil covering layer besides a clay layer. Although the method has good waterproof and permeability reducing effects, the method does not have good effect on reducing the construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method is characterized in that a plain soil compaction layer, a novel composite soil impervious layer and a planting soil covering layer are sequentially laid on the artificial lake bottom, and compared with the traditional method, the method is simpler in construction operation, lower in cost, more convenient in material taking, free of ecological damage and economic and environment-friendly.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: an anti-permeability method of an artificial lake bottom based on a novel composite anti-permeability layer comprises the following steps:
(1) the lowest layer is a plain soil compaction layer, the plain soil is undisturbed soil, the compaction mode is mechanical compaction, and the compaction compactness is not less than 96%;
(2) -1: preparing initial composite soil, wherein the raw materials in percentage by weight are as follows: dry clay: fly ash: river sand: quartz powder: industrial waste residues: water = 90: 10-15: 10-15: 5-10: 10-25: 40-50, the preparation process is as follows: fully and uniformly stirring dry clay, water, fly ash, river sand, quartz powder and industrial waste residues to obtain initial composite soil, and finally, flatly paving the composite soil on a plain soil compaction layer, wherein the soil is in a loose state;
(2) -2: uniformly spraying 0.001 mass percent of polyacrylamide solution to the initial composite soil, wherein the amount of the polyacrylamide solution sprayed to each square meter is 1L-1.5L, after the spraying is finished, waiting for the composite soil to be dried until no free water exists in the soil, spraying 10-35 mass percent of water glass solution and 10-35 mass percent of calcium chloride solution to the composite soil in sequence, wherein the amount of the calcium chloride solution and the amount of the water glass solution sprayed to each square meter are 1.5L-2L respectively, standing for 1-2 hours after the spraying is finished, and compacting by using an impact compacting machine;
(2) -3: paving a transparent waterproof film after compaction to prevent water loss, maintaining the composite soil, watering and maintaining the surface of the composite soil layer every day after one day of maintenance, removing the transparent waterproof film after one week to form a novel composite soil impervious layer, wherein the thickness of the novel composite soil impervious layer is 350-500mm, the compaction compactness is controlled to be more than 96%, and the water content is controlled to be 25-28%;
(3) and uniformly paving a planting soil covering layer on the novel composite soil impervious layer, wherein the planting soil covering layer adopts common planting soil.
The thickness of the planting soil covering layer in the step (3) is 250-350 mm.
The invention adopts a 'sandwich' impervious method of a plain soil compaction layer, a novel composite soil impervious layer and a planting soil covering layer, in the process of preparing the novel composite soil impervious layer, a sodium silicate solution and a calcium chloride solution need to be sprayed, the sodium silicate is commonly called sodium silicate, is a water-soluble silicate, the water solution is called sodium silicate, the sodium silicate has strong binding power and higher strength, and has good acid resistance and heat resistance, but poor alkali resistance and water resistance. The implementation principle is that the water glass and calcium chloride solution in the sprayed solution can quickly form calcium silicate gel and silica gel, and the generated substances can well fill the pores of the clay and have good adhesion effect on the clay, so that the impermeability coefficient of the soil can be effectively improved. The river sand and the quartz powder are used as two kinds of particles with larger particle size difference, and the river sand and the quartz powder have hard texture, wear resistance and stable chemical propertyAnd can be cemented with calcium silicate gel to stabilize the soil structure. The anti-permeability performance and the stability of the product are improved after a period of curing. In addition, in the composite soil impervious layer, the water glass can also be used as an activity excitant of the fly ash, the first-stage fly ash and the second-stage fly ash can directly react with the water glass, the third-stage fly ash is subjected to physical fine grinding treatment, the surface glass body structure of the fly ash is damaged, and a large amount of SiO is generated2、Al2O3The dissolving-out and early and later reaction capacities are improved, so that the activity of the fly ash can be effectively excited after the fly ash is added with water glass, and the fly ash can be fully compounded with Ca in soil2+、Mg2+The plasma fully reacts to generate network-shaped gel, the gel can not only fill the pores of the composite soil, but also effectively enhance the bonding capability among different particles of the anti-permeability layer of the composite soil, thereby improving the anti-permeability performance of the anti-permeability layer of the composite soil. Tests prove that the maximum permeability coefficient of the novel composite soil impervious layer can reach 0.43 multiplied by 10-7cm/s, the permeation resistance grade reaches the micro water permeation grade. Therefore, when the anti-permeability structure is made, only an element soil compaction layer, a novel composite soil anti-permeability layer and a planting soil covering layer are needed, wherein the element soil compaction layer and the novel composite soil anti-permeability layer can play double stable roles, and the novel composite soil anti-permeability layer can play a powerful anti-permeability role.
Compared with the traditional method for paving the geomembrane, the method has the beneficial effects that: (1) the construction operation is simpler. The geomembrane needs to be hoisted and cut during laying, and the laying sequence is strictly followed; the method eliminates these operation steps. (2) The cost is lower. The traditional geomembrane is about 40 yuan per square meter, and the construction cost per square meter of the method is less than 10 yuan. (3) No ecological damage, and economic and environment-friendly effect. The geomembrane thoroughly blocks the communication between the artificial lake water and the underground water, and the ecology is damaged; the impervious layer laid by the method does not completely block the communication between the artificial lake water and the underground water.
Compared with the 'ecological waterproof permeability reducing method for saline-alkali soil artificial lake' in the background technology, the method has the following advantages: (1) the anti-permeability structure of the artificial lake is simplified, and the anti-dredging soil curing layer and the geotechnical cloth layer are changed into the composite soil curing layer; (2) the permeability coefficient is reduced, and the anti-permeability performance is more excellent; (3) the manufacturing cost of the composite soil anti-seepage layer is lower than that of the anti-dredging soil curing layer and the geotechnical cloth layer, and the effect of saving cost can be achieved.
Detailed Description
Examples 1 to 6: an anti-permeability method of an artificial lake bottom based on a novel composite anti-permeability layer comprises the following steps:
(1) the waterproof impervious structure adopts a sandwich structure, the lowest layer is a plain soil compaction layer, the plain soil is undisturbed soil, the compaction mode is mechanical compaction, and the compaction compactness is not less than 96%.
(2) The permeability coefficient is 0.43 multiplied by 10-7~3.7×10-7And (3) laying the novel composite soil impervious layer in cm/s on the plain soil compaction layer, and mechanically compacting (all soil layers are compacted by the compaction method). The specific implementation steps are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing an initial composite soil impervious layer, wherein the composite soil impervious layer takes yellow clay as main soil and is doped with some fly ash, river sand, mineral powder, water and a small amount of industrial waste residue, and the fly ash is secondary fly ash. Putting dry clay, fly ash, river sand, quartz powder, industrial waste residue and water into a continuous concrete mixer according to a certain proportion, fully stirring for 120s to obtain initial composite soil, and finally paving the composite soil on a plain soil compaction layer, wherein the soil is in a loose state.
Step two: uniformly spraying 0.001 percent by mass of polyacrylamide solution (water plugging agent) to initial composite soil, aiming at flocculating and bonding clay particles suspended in free water of the composite soil, wherein the amount of the polyacrylamide solution sprayed per square meter is preferably 1L-1.5L, the amount of the polyacrylamide solution sprayed is ensured to just penetrate into the soil, waiting for the composite soil to be slightly dried after the spraying is finished (the degree of drying is based on no free water in the soil), spraying 10-35 percent by mass of water glass solution and 10-35 percent by mass of calcium chloride solution to the composite soil in sequence, the amount of the calcium chloride solution and the water glass solution sprayed per square meter is preferably 1.5L-2L respectively, the amount of the calcium chloride solution and the water glass solution sprayed is preferably 1.5L-2L after the soil surface is wetted and slightly penetrated, standing for 1 hour after the solution is sprayed, compaction is carried out by impact compaction machinery.
Step three: the method comprises the steps of maintaining a compacted composite soil layer on a construction site, namely paving a transparent waterproof film to prevent water from losing after the composite soil layer is compacted, properly watering and maintaining the surface of the composite soil layer every day after one day of maintenance, removing the transparent waterproof film after one week, and using the composite soil layer as a novel composite soil anti-seepage layer of an artificial lake bottom, wherein the thickness of the novel composite soil anti-seepage layer is about 400mm, the rolling compactness is controlled to be more than 96%, and the water content is controlled to be 25% -28%.
(3) And uniformly paving a planting soil covering layer on the novel composite clay layer, wherein the thickness is 300mm, and the planting soil is common planting soil.
See table 1 below for specific parameters for examples 1-6.
Table 1: EXAMPLES 1-6 parameter List
The impervious coefficient of the new composite soil impervious layer in the table 1 is detected by a variable water head test method in GBT 50123 and 2019 geotechnical test method standard.
When the first-grade or second-grade fly ash is adopted, the expected effect can be achieved without fine grinding treatment, and when the third-grade fly ash is adopted, the physical fine grinding treatment is required.
Application example:
the embodiments of the invention are all applied to the artificial lake of the Sanhe wetland park in the ecological new district in the northern Liuzhou city, and the water area of the artificial lake is wide and is 1500m2The water depth is 2m, the soil layer structure at the upper part of the lake bottom is loose, the soil body has more pores, and the karst fissure of the grey dolomite of the lower layer is relatively developed, thus the lake belongs to a strong permeable layer. In addition, the evaporation capacity of lake water is large, the supply is difficult, and the environmental protection requirement is high. The artificial lake adopts the anti-seepage method of the embodiment of the invention to treat the seepage prevention and ecological problems at the bottom of the pool (different embodiments are used in different areas according to the actual conditions of the artificial lake, and the bottom of the artificial lake is treated by the anti-seepage method of the embodiment of the inventionIn the area with larger impermeability requirement, a novel composite soil impermeable layer with smaller permeability coefficient is used; in the region with smaller requirement on the impermeability of the artificial lake bottom, a novel composite soil impervious layer with larger permeability coefficient is used: practice proves that the method can achieve the ecological anti-seepage effect, meanwhile, water quality is clear and shows the bottom, and the growth effect of the aquatic plants is good.
Claims (2)
1. An artificial lake bottom anti-permeability method based on a novel composite anti-permeability layer is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the lowest layer is a plain soil compaction layer, the plain soil is undisturbed soil, the compaction mode is mechanical compaction, and the compaction compactness is not less than 96%;
(2) -1: preparing initial composite soil, wherein the raw materials in percentage by weight are as follows: dry clay: fly ash: river sand: quartz powder: industrial waste residues: water = 90: 10-15: 10-15: 5-10: 10-25: 40-50, the preparation process is as follows: fully and uniformly stirring dry clay, water, fly ash, river sand, quartz powder and industrial waste residues to obtain initial composite soil, and finally, flatly paving the composite soil on a plain soil compaction layer, wherein the soil is in a loose state;
(2) -2: uniformly spraying 0.001 mass percent of polyacrylamide solution to the initial composite soil, wherein the amount of the polyacrylamide solution sprayed to each square meter is 1L-1.5L, after the spraying is finished, waiting for the composite soil to be dried until no free water exists in the soil, spraying 10-35 mass percent of water glass solution and 10-35 mass percent of calcium chloride solution to the composite soil in sequence, wherein the amount of the calcium chloride solution and the amount of the water glass solution sprayed to each square meter are 1.5L-2L respectively, standing for 1-2 hours after the spraying is finished, and compacting by using an impact compacting machine;
(2) -3: paving a transparent waterproof film after compaction to prevent water loss, maintaining the composite soil, watering and maintaining the surface of the composite soil layer every day after one day of maintenance, removing the transparent waterproof film after one week to form a novel composite soil impervious layer, wherein the thickness of the novel composite soil impervious layer is 350-500mm, the compaction compactness is controlled to be more than 96%, and the water content is controlled to be 25-28%;
(3) and uniformly paving a planting soil covering layer on the novel composite soil impervious layer, wherein the planting soil covering layer adopts common planting soil.
2. The impervious method of the artificial lake bottom based on the novel composite impervious layer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the thickness of the planting soil covering layer in the step (3) is 250-350 mm.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110055042A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-26 | 介休鑫峪沟集团企业管理有限公司 | A kind of method that common yellow clay produces fining clay refining |
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CN1243858A (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2000-02-09 | 吉林大学 | Water-preserving agent for preventing water leakage of dry or semi-dry farmland |
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CN103193454A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-07-10 | 陕西煤业化工建设(集团)有限公司 | Grouting material applicable to reinforcement of sand layer and grouting method |
CN106939583A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-07-11 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Seepage structure and its method |
CN108396706A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The ecology of solidification riverbed soil, which subtracts infiltration method, solidified earth and ecology and subtracts, oozes structure |
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Patent Citations (6)
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JPH08208310A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-13 | Koushiya:Kk | Water-resistant solidfied formed material of clay-containing soil |
CN1243858A (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2000-02-09 | 吉林大学 | Water-preserving agent for preventing water leakage of dry or semi-dry farmland |
CN202247789U (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-05-30 | 北京正和恒基滨水生态环境治理有限公司 | Seepage-proofing structure for river bottom |
CN103193454A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-07-10 | 陕西煤业化工建设(集团)有限公司 | Grouting material applicable to reinforcement of sand layer and grouting method |
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CN108396706A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The ecology of solidification riverbed soil, which subtracts infiltration method, solidified earth and ecology and subtracts, oozes structure |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110055042A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-26 | 介休鑫峪沟集团企业管理有限公司 | A kind of method that common yellow clay produces fining clay refining |
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