CN111788886A - Agricultural machine for mechanically planting sweet potatoes - Google Patents
Agricultural machine for mechanically planting sweet potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN111788886A CN111788886A CN202010673883.8A CN202010673883A CN111788886A CN 111788886 A CN111788886 A CN 111788886A CN 202010673883 A CN202010673883 A CN 202010673883A CN 111788886 A CN111788886 A CN 111788886A
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- potato seedling
- assembly
- transmission
- sweet
- agricultural machine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B71/00—Construction or arrangement of setting or adjusting mechanisms, of implement or tool drive or of power take-off; Means for protecting parts against dust, or the like; Adapting machine elements to or for agricultural purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses agricultural machinery for mechanically planting sweet potatoes, which comprises traction machinery, wherein the rear side of the traction machinery is connected with a rack, the rack is provided with a traction part, and the traction part is connected with a three-point suspension device of the traction machinery; the rotary tillage knife roll, the ridging mechanism, the potato seedling throwing assembly, the soil covering assembly and the pressing assembly are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back; the potato seedling feeding assembly is provided with a vertical feeding part, and a furrow opener is arranged below the vertical feeding part. The agricultural machine for mechanically planting the sweet potatoes can complete all the working procedures of rotary tillage soil breaking, ridging, ditching, sweet potato seedling transplanting, soil covering and pressing in the sweet potato planting process at one time, other working procedures can be automatically completed except that manual assistance is needed for sequentially feeding the sweet potato seedlings to the sweet potato seedling throwing assembly, the mechanization degree and the automation degree are high, and the sweet potato planting efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to agricultural machinery for mechanically planting sweet potatoes.
Background
The sweet potato is an important economic crop, grain crop, feed, industrial raw material and novel energy application raw material. The sweet potato originates from south America, China is the largest sweet potato planting country at present, and the total sweet potato production amount of China is only inferior to grain crops of rice, wheat and corn at present.
The sweet potato planting industry is labor-intensive, the mechanization degree of the sweet potato planting industry is low, each link generally needs independent machinery to operate or completely depends on manual operation, the planting efficiency is low, and the situations of large labor amount, high labor intensity, high labor cost and low comprehensive income along with continuous transfer of rural labor force seriously affect the planting enthusiasm of farmers and restrict the healthy and rapid development of the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the agricultural machine for mechanically planting the sweet potatoes, which is full-ring mechanized, high in planting efficiency and low in cost.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the agricultural machine for mechanically planting the sweet potatoes comprises a traction machine, wherein a frame is connected to the rear side of the traction machine, the frame is provided with a traction part, and the traction part is connected with a three-point suspension device of the traction machine;
the rotary tillage knife roll, the ridging mechanism, the potato seedling throwing assembly, the soil covering assembly and the pressing assembly are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back;
the potato seedling feeding assembly is provided with a vertical feeding part, and a furrow opener is arranged below the vertical feeding part.
Furthermore, the rotary tillage knife roller comprises a main shaft, and a knife tackle is arranged on the main shaft; the cutter set is composed of a plurality of cutter bodies which are staggered in the axial direction of the general shaft, and the cutter bodies are regularly staggered in the circumferential direction of the general shaft.
Furthermore, the main body part of the cutter body is arc-shaped and is positioned in an axial plane perpendicular to the total axis, and one end of the main body part, which is far away from the cutter body, is provided with a bending part which is raised and separated from the plane of the main body part.
Further, many ridges can be made up simultaneously to the ridging mechanism on the soil, correspond ground, install quantity such as in the frame furrow opener, potato seedling put in subassembly, earthing subassembly and suppression subassembly.
Further, ridging mechanism is including installing install the baffle of rotary tillage rotor rear side, be formed with trapezoidal vacancy portion on the baffle, just the edge of trapezoidal vacancy portion is fixed with the board of bending that extends along its outline line, the width direction perpendicular to of the board of bending the baffle place plane.
Further, the subassembly is put in to potato seedling possesses horizontal conveying portion, the other potato seedling material loading level that is equipped with of horizontal conveying portion, potato seedling material loading level department installs potato seedling storage container.
Further, a seat is further installed at the potato seedling loading position.
Furthermore, a linkage relation is established among the rotary tillage knife roller, the potato seedling throwing-in assembly and the soil covering assembly through a linkage assembly.
Further, the linkage assembly comprises a first transmission case, a second transmission case and a third transmission case; the three components are respectively in driving connection with the rotary tillage knife roller, the potato seedling throwing component and the soil covering component;
the first transmission case is provided with a power input part connected with a power output shaft of the traction machine;
the second transmission case is arranged at the rear side of the first transmission case, and a transmission relation is established between the second transmission case and the first transmission case through the first transmission assembly; the third transmission case is arranged on the left side or the right side of the second transmission case, and a transmission relation is established between the third transmission case and the second transmission case through a second transmission assembly.
Furthermore, a supporting wheel is installed on the rear side of the rack, and the height position of the supporting wheel relative to the rack is adjustable.
Has the advantages that: the agricultural machine for mechanically planting the sweet potatoes can complete all the working procedures of rotary tillage soil breaking, ridging, ditching, sweet potato seedling transplanting, soil covering and pressing in the sweet potato planting process at one time, other working procedures can be automatically completed except that manual assistance is needed for sequentially feeding the sweet potato seedlings to the sweet potato seedling throwing assembly, the mechanization degree and the automation degree are high, and the sweet potato planting efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general configuration diagram of an agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes, which includes a traction machine;
FIG. 2 is a general configuration view of an agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes, which does not include a traction machine;
FIG. 3 is a first perspective view of an agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes, which does not include a traction machine;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged structural view of portion A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a second perspective view of the agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes without a traction machine;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged structural view of portion B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a potato seedling throwing assembly;
FIG. 8 is a combined structure diagram of a potato seedling throwing assembly and a power box;
FIG. 9 is a partial structural view of a potato seedling throwing assembly of the preferred embodiment;
fig. 10 is a structural view of an adjustment mechanism.
In the figure: 1-a frame; 11-a first extension; 2-rotary tillage knife roll; 21-the total axis; 22-a cutter body; 23-a tool apron; 231-a plug-in fixing part; 3-a ridging mechanism; 31-a separator; 32-bending a plate; 4-a furrow opener; 41-a trenching plate; 5-potato seedling throwing-in component; 51-a conveyor belt; 511-transverse band section; 512-vertically placing the belt sections; 513-a receiving groove; 514-functional groove; 52-a clamping band; 521-a first belt segment; 522-a second belt segment; 523-through groove; 53-a first driven wheel; 54-a first drive pulley; 55-a second driving wheel; 56-a second driven wheel; 57-a third driving wheel; 58-fourth drive wheel; 6-a soil covering assembly; 61-a helical member; 62-a power shaft; 63-an adjustment mechanism; 631-a transmission case; 632-a transmission assembly; 633-a first adjustment lever; 634-a first nut; 7-a compacting assembly; 71-a connecting frame; 711-a second extension; 72-a wheel frame; 73-press wheel; 74-a second adjustment lever; 75-a second nut; 81-potato seedling storage container; 82-a seat; 9-a linkage assembly; 91-a first gearbox; 911-power input part; 92-a second gear box; 93-a third gear box; 94-a first transmission assembly; 95-a second transmission assembly; 96-power box; 961-a first synchronization assembly; 962-a second synchronization component; 963-a first gear; 964-a second gear; 965-first transition gear; 966-a second transition gear; 97-a third transmission assembly; 98-a fourth transmission assembly; 10-a support wheel; 20-a traction machine; 30-seedling discharging mechanism; 301-dropping seedling stems; 302-pressure spring; 303-a first arc; 304-a second arcuate plate; 305-cornering wheel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of the sweet potatoes as shown in the attached figure 1 comprises a traction machine 20, wherein the rear side of the traction machine 20 is connected with a frame 1, the frame 1 is provided with a traction part, and the traction part is used for connecting a three-point suspension device of the traction machine 20; as shown in attached figures 2, 3 and 5, a rotary tillage knife roller 2, a ridging mechanism 3, a potato seedling throwing component 5, an earth covering component 6 and a compacting component 7 are sequentially arranged on a frame 1 from front to back, and all the components are sequentially used for rotary tillage soil crushing, ridging, sweet potato seedling throwing, earth covering and soil compacting; the potato seedling throwing assembly 5 is provided with a vertical throwing portion, a furrow opener 4 used for making a groove on a ridge is installed below the vertical throwing portion, and the potato seedling throwing assembly 5 can throw sweet potato seedlings one by one in a groove which is opened to the furrow opener 4 at equal intervals.
As shown in fig. 4, the rotary blade roller 2 has a main shaft 21 transversely arranged left and right, two sets of blade sets are symmetrically arranged on the main shaft 21 left and right, each set of blade set is composed of a plurality of blade bodies 22 staggered in the axial direction of the main shaft 21, each blade body 22 is staggered in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 21 regularly, the main body of each blade body 22 is arc-shaped and is located in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft 21, and one end of the main body, which is far away from the blade body 22, is provided with a bending portion which is tilted and separated from the plane of the main body. With the rotary tillage knife roller 2 with the structure, when the main shaft 21 rotates, the knife bodies 22 contained in the knife group can fully stir and crush soil on the surface layer of the soil, so that the subsequent process is convenient to carry out. Preferably, each cutter body 22 is removable with respect to the general axis 21, in a manner that: a tool holder 23 is arranged on the main shaft 21 corresponding to each group of tool groups, the tool holder 23 is provided with a plurality of inserting fixing parts 231, and one end of each tool body 22 close to the main shaft 21 is inserted into the inserting fixing part 231 and fixedly connected with the inserting fixing part 231 through screws, so that the damaged tool body 22 can be conveniently replaced.
As shown in fig. 3, ridging mechanism 3 is including installing the baffle 31 at rotary tillage rotor 2 rear side, be formed with two trapezoidal vacancy portions on the baffle 31, two trapezoidal vacancy portions are arranged in respectively after two sets of banks, and the edge of trapezoidal vacancy portion is fixed with the board 32 of bending along its outline line extension, the width direction perpendicular to baffle 31 place plane of the board 32 of bending, the setting of the board 32 of bending has increased the area with soil contact part in the front and back side, be favorable to the shaping of ridge, and play the intensity reinforcing effect to baffle 31.
As shown in FIG. 3, the furrow opener 4 is composed of two furrow plates 41 symmetrically arranged at the left and right sides, and the front end of each furrow plate 41 is provided with a bending part which is inclined inwards. The front end of the furrow opener 4 is narrow at the front and wide at the back, which is beneficial to pushing away soil and opening a groove.
The potato seedling feeding assembly 5 is further provided with a transverse conveying part, the transverse conveying part and the vertical feeding part form an inverted L-shaped structure, a potato seedling feeding position is arranged beside the transverse conveying part, as shown in the attached drawing 5, a potato seedling storage container 81 is installed at the potato seedling feeding position, and a seat 82 is also installed at the potato seedling feeding position. Through above-mentioned structure, can store a large amount of sweet potato seedlings in the sweet potato seedling storage container 81, the staff can sit on seat 82, snatch the sweet potato seedling and put the sweet potato seedling one by one to the horizontal transfer portion of sweet potato seedling input assembly 5 from sweet potato seedling storage container 81 to supplementary material loading, the staff can work with normal position of sitting, and working strength is very little.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the potato seedling throwing assembly 5 includes a conveying belt 51 and a clamping belt 52, and the linear speeds of the two belts are the same; the conveying belt 51 is provided with containing grooves 513 arranged at equal intervals; the conveyor belt 51 includes a horizontal belt segment 511 and a vertical belt segment 512; the clamping strap 52 is provided with a first strap segment 521 and a second strap segment 522; the included angle between the first belt section 521 and the second belt section 522 is larger than the included angle between the horizontal belt section 511 and the vertical belt section 512, so that the included angle between the first belt section 521 and the horizontal belt section 511 is an acute angle, a wedge-shaped space for sweet potato seedlings to enter is formed between the first belt section 521 and the horizontal belt section 511, and the wedge-shaped space is gradually narrowed in the conveying direction of the conveying belt 51; second band segment 522 is disposed parallel to and abutting at least vertical band segment 512. Through the structure, the staff places the sweet potato seedlings into each containing groove 513 of the transverse belt section 511 in sequence, along with the operation of the conveying belt 51, the containing groove 513 containing the sweet potato seedlings enters between the conveying belt 51 and the clamping belt 52 and is pressed and fixed on the conveying belt 51 by the clamping belt 52, the containing groove 513 containing the sweet potato seedlings enters the vertical belt section 512 from the transverse belt section 511, and at the lower end of the transverse belt section 511, because the vertical belt section 512 is separated from the second belt section 522, the sweet potato seedlings fall into the seedling falling groove in the middle of the furrow opener 3 and fall into the ground.
Above-mentioned sweet potato seedling puts in subassembly 5 is through making the wedge space that forms narrowing gradually between first area section 521 and the horizontal area section 511, can make things convenient for sweet potato seedling to get into between conveyer belt 51 and the holding area 52, and after sweet potato seedling got into the wedge space, because the wedge space narrows gradually, first area section 521 compressed tightly sweet potato seedling gradually and fixes on conveyer belt 51 for sweet potato seedling gets into to be put up behind the area section 512 and is put up the area section 512 and hold with second area section 522 by the vertical and can not shift for conveyer belt 51. Compare in the scheme that the whole laminating of horizontal area section 511 of first area section 521 and conveyer belt 51 of holding belt 52 set up, through setting up above-mentioned wedge space, can not produce the above-mentioned potato seedling that appears easily by the contrast scheme and be blocked the condition in the entrance position between the two when potato seedling gets into between conveyer belt 51 and the holding belt 52, also can not appear the potato seedling owing to get into between the two smoothly by the situation of local or whole take out of storage tank 513, can fully guarantee the quality that potato seedling transplanted and put.
As shown in fig. 3, the casing assembly 6 comprises a power shaft 62 transversely arranged left and right and two screw members 61 arranged oppositely, and each screw member 61 has a power transmission relationship with the power shaft 62; the spiral directions of the spiral parts on the two spiral parts 61 are opposite; with this configuration, since the two screw members 61 are both drivingly connected to the same power shaft 62 and the two screw members 61 are provided thereon, when the power shaft 62 rotates, the directions of soil transportation by the screw portions of the two screw members 61 are opposite to each other, and the two screw members 61 each transport soil to between to fill the trench opened by the furrow opener 4.
The width direction of both the conveyor belt 51 and the pinch belt 52 is the longitudinal direction. In a specific arrangement, as shown in fig. 2, in a side view, the front end of the furrow opener 4 is ahead of the front end of the conveyor belt 51, and the rear end of the furrow opener 4 is ahead of the rear end of the conveyor belt 51 (the rear end of the actual furrow opener 4 is located at a position in the middle of the conveyor belt 51 in the front-rear direction); the axes of the two helical members 61 of the casing assembly 6 face the rear end of the conveyor belt 51 with a space between the rear end of the furrow opener 4 and the helical members 61. Adopt this overall arrangement, sweet potato seedling puts in earthing suppression device when whole operation, sweet potato seedling puts in subassembly 5 and earthing subassembly 6 and is in running state always, there is a time interval before the preceding sweet potato seedling is put in the back of getting off and is put in the back sweet potato seedling, in this time interval, after furrow opener 4 opened the slot, earthing subassembly 6 immediately carries earth to fill some with the rear side of slot, make sweet potato seedling put in the head of getting off back sweet potato seedling and is heightened and expose soil by the bed hedgehopping, so can realize that partly lying of sweet potato seedling and its head is vertical state, be favorable to the subsequent growth of sweet potato seedling.
The suppression subassembly 7 is used for suppressing the soil covering subassembly 6 and covers the soil slick around sweet potato seedling for the soil slick is suppressed comparatively compactly, prevents that the soil slick from running off under the external effect such as rainwash from causing the sweet potato seedling to expose.
Because the furrow opener 4, the soil covering assembly 6 and the press assembly 7 all operate on ridges formed by the ridging mechanism 3, the rear side of the frame 1 lacks strong support, and therefore the support wheels 10 are installed on the rear side of the frame, and the height positions of the support wheels 10 relative to the frame 1 can be adjusted to prevent the support wheels 10 from making the furrow opener 4, the soil covering assembly 6 or the press assembly 7 overhead.
The operation of the rotary tillage knife roll 2, the potato seedling throwing-in component 5 and the soil covering component 6 all needs a power source to provide power, a plurality of motion components of a common machine are generally independently powered by independent power sources, the driving mode is high in cost, and a control strategy required by realizing cooperative motion among all the components is complex.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the linkage assembly 9 includes a first transmission case 91, a second transmission case 92, and a third transmission case 93; the three components are respectively in driving connection with the rotary tillage knife roller 2, the potato seedling throwing component 5 and the soil covering component 6; the first transmission case 91 has a power input unit 911 connected to a power output shaft of the traction machine 20 (the traction machine 20 is a tractor in the present embodiment); the second transmission box 92 is arranged at the rear side of the first transmission box 91, and a transmission relation is established between the second transmission box and the first transmission box through the first transmission assembly 94; the third transmission case 93 is disposed on the left or right side of the second transmission case 92, and a transmission relationship is established therebetween by the second transmission assembly 95. In this embodiment, the first transmission assembly 94 and the second transmission assembly 95 are both chain transmission assemblies.
The first transmission box 91, the second transmission box 92 and the third transmission box 93 each include a transmission mechanism (such as a gear set, a transmission chain, a transmission belt, etc.) and/or a reversing mechanism (such as a bevel gear set, a worm gear mechanism, etc.) to realize the functions of power transmission, speed change, reversing, etc. between different shafts, thereby realizing the diversity output of power.
Specifically, the first transmission case 91 has one power input unit, that is, the power input unit 911, and the power input unit 911 is connected to a power output shaft of a tractor, the two power output units are respectively connected to the main shaft 21 of the rotary tillage cutter drum 2 and one sprocket of the first transmission assembly 94 in a driving manner, and both sprockets of the first transmission assembly 94 are in a left-right transverse direction.
The second transmission case 92 has a power input shaft and two power output shafts, the power input shaft is arranged horizontally from left to right, and is connected with another chain wheel of the first transmission assembly 94, the two power output shafts are longitudinally arranged from front to back, and one power output shaft is connected with the third transmission case 93 through the second transmission assembly 95, the other power output shaft is simultaneously connected with two sets of third transmission assemblies 97, the two sets of third transmission assemblies 97 are respectively connected with the two potato seedling feeding assemblies 5, in the embodiment, the third transmission assemblies 97 are also chain transmission assemblies, and the two sets of third transmission assemblies 97 are both provided with a chain wheel fixedly arranged on the same power output shaft of the second transmission case 92.
The third transmission case 93 has a power input shaft and a power output shaft, the power input shaft is longitudinally arranged in the front-rear direction and the power output shaft is transversely arranged in the left-right direction, and a bevel gear set is arranged in the third transmission case 93 so that the axes of the two shafts are perpendicular to each other. The power input shaft of the third transmission case 93 is connected with the other chain wheel of the second transmission assembly 95, and the power output shaft thereof is connected with the power shaft 62 of the covering assembly 6 through a fourth transmission assembly 98, in this embodiment, the fourth transmission assembly 98 is also a chain transmission assembly.
Preferably, in order to make the transmission linear speeds of the conveyer belt 51 and the holding belt 52 consistent, the linkage assembly 9 further comprises a power box 96 for synchronously driving the conveyer belt 51 and the holding belt 52, and the potato seedling throwing assembly 5 further comprises a plurality of driving rollers and a plurality of driven rollers. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the conveying belt 51 and the clamping belt 52 are both annular belts and both of them are in an inverted L-shaped layout, a first driven wheel 53 and a first driving wheel 54 are respectively disposed at two ends of a one-way stroke of the conveying belt 51, the first driven wheel 53 and the first driving wheel 54 divide the conveying belt 51 into a conveying part and a return part, a second driving wheel 55 is disposed at a corner position of the conveying belt 51, and the conveying part is divided into a horizontal belt segment 511 and a vertical belt segment 512 by the second driving wheel 55; as shown in fig. 8, the power box 96 includes therein a first synchronizing unit 961 for synchronizing rotation of the first driven pulley 53 and the second driving pulley 55; a second driven wheel 56 and a third driving wheel 57 are respectively arranged at two ends of the one-way stroke of the clamping belt 52, the second driven wheel 56 and the third driving wheel 57 divide the clamping belt 52 into a holding part and a return part, and the holding part and the conveying part generate corners at the same point, so that the second driving wheel 55 indirectly acts on the clamping belt 52 through the conveying belt 51 at the same time, the holding part of the clamping belt is divided into a first belt section 521 and a second belt section 522 at two sides of the second driving wheel 55, and a fourth driving wheel 58 acting on the return part is arranged at the corner position of the clamping belt 52; the power box 96 includes a second synchronizing unit 962 for synchronizing rotation of the third capstan 57 with the fourth capstan 58.
In this embodiment, the first synchronizing assembly 961 and the second synchronizing assembly 962 are both chain transmission assemblies, and the first synchronizing assembly 961, the first driving wheel 54 and the second driving wheel 55 establish a synchronous rotation relationship, and both drive the conveyor belt 51 to run; the third drive wheel 57 is brought into synchronous rotational relationship with the fourth drive wheel 58 by the second synchronizing assembly 962, both of which drive the gripper belts 52 together. Because the conveying belt 51 and the clamping belt 52 are driven by the two driving wheels to run simultaneously, the conveying belt 51 and the clamping belt 52 both have large driving wrap angles, the problem of skidding cannot be caused, and the running stability of the conveying belt 51 and the clamping belt 52 can be ensured.
The power box 96 further includes a gear set therein to establish a constant speed and reverse motion relationship between the second driving wheel 55 and the fourth driving wheel 58, specifically, the gear set includes a first gear 963 and a second gear 964 respectively connecting the second driving wheel 55 and the fourth driving wheel 58; a drive relationship is established between the first gear 963 and the second gear 964 via a first transition gear 965 and a second transition gear 966; first transition gear 965 or second transition gear 966 is coupled to third drive assembly 97 described above.
Because install two sets of potato seedlings in this embodiment on the frame 1 and put in subassembly 5, and two sets of potato seedlings put in subassembly 5 and be the mirror image overall arrangement, consequently two sets of potato seedlings put in the rotation direction of second drive wheel 55 of subassembly 5 and can realize two sets of potato seedlings and put in the equal normal operating of subassembly 5, put in the equal normal operating of subassembly 5 for making two sets of potato seedlings, wherein the first transition gear 965 that a set of potato seedling put in subassembly 5 connects this third drive assembly 97 that the subassembly 5 corresponds is put in to this group potato seedling, another second transition gear 966 that the subassembly 5 was put in to this group potato seedling is connected this third drive assembly 97 that the subassembly 5 corresponds is put in to this group potato seedling. Therefore, the potato seedling feeding assemblies 5 with two mirror image layouts driven by the same power output shaft of the third transmission case 93 can run normally.
In addition, in the preferred embodiment, since the potato seedlings may be inserted into the accommodating groove 513, in order to ensure that the potato seedlings can fall from the lower end of the vertical strip section 512, a seedling dropping mechanism 30 may be provided to assist the blanking; specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the seedling dropping mechanism 30 includes a plurality of seedling dropping rods 301 mounted on the third driving wheel 57, each seedling dropping rod 301 can move telescopically in the radial direction of the third driving wheel 57, and a pressure spring 302 is disposed between each seedling dropping rod 301 and the third driving wheel 57, and the pressure spring 302 makes the seedling dropping rod 301 have a movement tendency of extending outward relative to the third driving wheel 57; the conveyer belt 1 is provided with a functional groove 514, the extending direction of the functional groove 514 is vertical to the extending direction of the containing groove 513, the functional groove 514 is deeper than the containing groove 513, and the outward end of the seedling dropping rod 301 can extend into the functional groove 514; through grooves 523 for the seedling dropping rods 301 to pass through are arranged on the clamping belt 52 in an array manner; the seedling dropping mechanism 30 further comprises a turning wheel 305, and the turning wheel 305 enables the return part of the clamping belt 52 to have an inward concave part close to the second belt section 522; the seedling discharging mechanism 30 further comprises a first arc-shaped plate 303 and a second arc-shaped plate 304, wherein the first arc-shaped plate 303 and the second arc-shaped plate 304 are respectively arranged at the inner side and the outer side of the clamping belt 52 and surround the third driving wheel 57; in the rotating direction of the third driving wheel 57, the distance between the inner wall of the first arc-shaped plate 303 and the clamping belt 52 gradually approaches, the tail end of the first arc-shaped plate 303 is in contact with the clamping belt 52, and the tail end of the first arc-shaped plate 303 is located at the intersection position of the clamping belt 52 and the turning wheel 305; in the rotating direction of the third driving wheel 57, the distance between the inner wall of the second arc-shaped plate 304 and the third driving wheel 57 gradually approaches, and the tail end of the second arc-shaped plate 304 contacts with the third driving wheel 57, and the tail end of the second arc-shaped plate 304 is located at the intersection position of the third driving wheel 57 and the clamping belt 52; the head end of the second arcuate plate 304 is positioned at the disengagement position of both the gripper belt 52 and the turning wheel 305. Through the structure, if the end part of the seedling dropping rod 301 is contacted with the inner wall of the second arc-shaped plate 304 at the beginning, when the third driving wheel 57 rotates, the end part of the seedling dropping rod 301 is separated from the tail end of the second arc-shaped plate 304, penetrates out of the through groove 523 and extends into the functional groove 514, and when the potato seedlings reach the lower end of the vertical belt section 512, the seedling dropping rod 301 can stir the potato seedlings to drop; then along with the third action wheel 57 rotates, the tip of seedling pole 301 and the inner wall contact of first arc 303 and compressed gradually, after the tail end of first arc 303, third action wheel 57 rotates the angle of setting again, and seedling pole 301 can break away from the holding belt 52 and stretch out a section distance under the effect of pressure spring 302 again down, and the tip of seedling pole 301 and the inner wall contact of second arc 304 once more down, so circulation is reciprocal, and the operation that supplementary potato seedling fell can be accomplished to seedling pole 301 down.
In addition, in the preferred embodiment, in order to realize the adjustment of the thickness of the casing soil for sweet potato seedlings, each screw member 61 is connected to the frame 1 through an adjusting mechanism 63. As shown in fig. 10, the adjusting mechanism 63 includes a transmission case 631, a transmission assembly 632, and a first adjusting lever 633; the power shaft 62 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1 and is connected with a power source; the transmission case 631 is rotatably mounted on the power shaft 62; one end of the first adjusting rod 633 is rotatably connected with the transmission case 631, the other end of the first adjusting rod 633 is connected with the frame 1, and the connection position between the first adjusting rod and the frame 1 is adjustable, specifically, the first adjusting rod 633 is provided with a screw portion, the frame 1 is provided with a first extending portion 11 with a through hole, the first adjusting rod 633 passes through the through hole of the first extending portion 11, and two first nuts 634 are screwed thereon, the two first nuts 634 respectively abut against two sides of the first extending portion 11, when the angle of the transmission case 631 needs to be adjusted, only the axial positions of the two first nuts 634 on the first adjusting rod 633 need to be adjusted; the screw part 61 is rotatably arranged on the transmission case 631, and the rotating center of the screw part is not coaxial with the rotating center of the power shaft 62; the transmission assembly 632 is used for establishing a transmission relationship between the screw member 61 and the power shaft 62, and in this embodiment, the transmission assembly 632 is a chain transmission assembly. Through the structure, the pitching angle of the transmission case 631 is used as an adjusting object, so that the deep rapid adjustment of the soil penetration of each spiral part 61 can be realized, the soil conveying capacity of the spiral parts 61 is controllable, and the purpose of reasonably covering the sweet potato seedlings with soil is achieved.
Optionally, the pressing assembly 7 includes a connecting frame 71, a wheel frame 72, a pressing wheel 73 and a second adjusting rod 74; the connecting frame 71 is mounted on the machine frame 1, the press wheel 73 is rotatably mounted on the wheel frame 72, the machine frame 1 is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 71, one end of the second adjusting rod 74 is hinged on the connecting frame 71, the other end of the second adjusting rod is connected with the connecting frame 71, and the connecting position of the second adjusting rod and the connecting frame 71 is adjustable. Specifically, the connecting frame 71 has a second extending portion 711, a through hole is formed in the second extending portion 711, the second adjusting rod 74 passes through the through hole in the second extending portion 711, the second adjusting rod 74 is screwed with two second nuts 75, the two second nuts 75 respectively abut against two sides of the second extending portion 711, and when the pitch angle of the wheel frame 72 needs to be adjusted, only the axial positions of the two second nuts 75 on the second adjusting rod 74 need to be adjusted.
Since the height of the press wheel 73 is adjusted by adjusting the pitch angle of the wheel frame 72, the adjustable range of the height of the press wheel 73 is small, and the connecting frame 71 can be adjusted in position in the vertical direction with respect to the frame 1 in order to provide a wider adjustable range for the press wheel 73. Thus, when the height of the press wheel 73 is adjusted, the height of the connecting frame 71 can be roughly adjusted, and then the pitching angle of the wheel frame 72 is adjusted to realize the accurate adjustment of the height of the press wheel 73.
Two press wheels 73 are symmetrically arranged on each wheel frame 72 in a left-right mode, and rotating shafts of the press wheels 73 are arranged in an inclined mode, so that the two press wheels 73 are arranged in a V-shaped mode when seen from the front and the rear. Through this structure, press wheel 73 not only can carry out the suppression to earth, still can extrude two ditches in the both sides of sweet potato seedling, is favorable to follow-up fertilization watering. The spacing between the two press wheels 73 is adjustable to suit specific press requirements.
The agricultural machine for mechanically planting the sweet potatoes can complete all the working procedures of rotary tillage soil breaking, ridging, ditching, sweet potato seedling transplanting, soil covering and pressing in the sweet potato planting process at one time, other working procedures can be automatically completed except that manual assistance is needed for sequentially feeding the sweet potato seedlings to the sweet potato seedling throwing assembly, the mechanization degree and the automation degree are high, and the sweet potato planting efficiency is greatly improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An agricultural machine for mechanical planting of sweet potatoes is characterized by comprising a traction machine (20), wherein a frame (1) is connected to the rear side of the traction machine (20), the frame (1) is provided with a traction part, and the traction part is connected with a three-point suspension device of the traction machine (20);
the rotary tillage knife roll (2), the ridging mechanism (3), the potato seedling throwing component (5), the soil covering component (6) and the pressing component (7) are sequentially arranged on the rack (1) from front to back;
the potato seedling throwing assembly (5) is provided with a vertical delivery part, and a furrow opener (4) is installed below the vertical delivery part.
2. The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the rotary tillage cutter roller (2) comprises a general shaft (21), and a cutter set is arranged on the general shaft (21); the cutter set is composed of a plurality of cutter bodies (22) which are arranged in a staggered mode in the axial direction of the general shaft (21), and the cutter bodies (22) are arranged in a staggered mode in the circumferential direction of the general shaft (21) regularly.
3. The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes according to claim 2, wherein the main body part of the cutter body (22) is arc-shaped and is located in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft (21), and one end of the main body part, which is far away from the cutter body (22), is provided with a bent part which is turned up and is separated from the plane of the main body part.
4. The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the ridging mechanism (3) can simultaneously form a plurality of ridges on the land, and correspondingly, the rack (1) is provided with equal numbers of the furrow openers (4), the potato seedling throwing assemblies (5), the soil covering assemblies (6) and the pressing assemblies (7).
5. The agricultural machine for carrying out mechanized planting on sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the ridging mechanism (3) comprises a partition plate (31) installed on the rear side of the rotary tillage knife roller (2), a trapezoidal hollow part is formed on the partition plate (31), a bending plate (32) extending along the contour line of the trapezoidal hollow part is fixed at the edge of the trapezoidal hollow part, and the width direction of the bending plate (32) is perpendicular to the plane of the partition plate (31).
6. The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the sweet potato seedling throwing assembly (5) is provided with a transverse conveying part, a sweet potato seedling feeding position is arranged beside the transverse conveying part, and a sweet potato seedling storage container (81) is installed at the sweet potato seedling feeding position.
7. The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes of claim 6, wherein a seat (82) is further installed at the sweet potato seedling loading position.
8. The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein the rotary tillage knife roller (2), the potato seedling throwing component (5) and the soil covering component (6) are linked through a linkage component (9).
9. An agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes according to claim 8, wherein the linkage assembly (9) comprises a first transmission case (91), a second transmission case (92) and a third transmission case (93); the three components are respectively in driving connection with the rotary tillage knife roller (2), the potato seedling throwing component (5) and the soil covering component (6);
the first transmission case (91) is provided with a power input part (911) connected with a power output shaft of a traction machine;
the second transmission box (92) is arranged at the rear side of the first transmission box (91), and a transmission relation is established between the second transmission box and the first transmission box through a first transmission assembly (94); the third transmission case (93) is arranged on the left side or the right side of the second transmission case (92), and a transmission relation is established between the third transmission case and the second transmission case through a second transmission assembly (95).
10. The agricultural machine for the mechanized planting of sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein a supporting wheel (10) is installed at the rear side of the frame, and the height position of the supporting wheel (10) relative to the frame (1) is adjustable.
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| CN202010673883.8A CN111788886B (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Agricultural machine for mechanically planting sweet potatoes |
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| CN202010673883.8A CN111788886B (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Agricultural machine for mechanically planting sweet potatoes |
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Cited By (1)
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