CN209787851U - Peanut harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a peanut harvester. The peanut seedling separating machine comprises a frame, four traveling wheels are arranged on the frame, five seedling separating ploughshares are fixed on the frame, four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms are arranged on the lower portion of the frame and comprise belt wheel sets and clamping and conveying belts which are rotatably assembled on the belt wheel sets, an upper transmission mechanism comprises eight gears which are symmetrically arranged in a left-right mode, the eight gears are in U-shaped sequential meshing transmission, the eight gears are fixedly connected with eight transmission belt wheels of the four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms through connecting shafts, a gearbox is further arranged on the upper portion of the frame, an input shaft of the gearbox is connected with a universal transmission shaft, an output end of the gearbox is a driving sprocket which is vertically arranged along the axis, a driven sprocket is fixed on one of the eight gears, the driving sprocket is in transmission connection with the driven sprocket through a transmission chain, a traction frame is further arranged. Can realize the harvest of the four-long peanuts once, can automatically change along with the height change of the terrain in a self-adaptive way, and has high transmission efficiency of a transmission mechanism.

Description

Peanut harvester

Technical Field

the utility model relates to a peanut harvester.

background

With the development of science and technology, people basically get rid of the traditional manual harvesting mode for harvesting crops, the labor intensity of the traditional manual harvesting mode is higher when peanuts of main crops in the middle and north parts of China are harvested, the peanuts are not picked thoroughly, although a large peanut harvester is put into use, the large peanut harvester is heavy and is generally suitable for large-scale harvesting, and for most individual households in China, the peanut planting is scattered, the large peanut harvester is not only high in cost, but also the frequent transferring of the harvesting position is very inconvenient. Although some small peanut harvesters exist in the market, the tractors are hung behind the tractors and provide power for the peanut harvesters through transmission shafts, the peanut harvesters have some defects when in use, some peanuts can only harvest two ridges of peanuts once, and some peanut harvesters can cause the depth change of shoveling soil along with the jolting of the tractors, so that the problems of peanut cutting or over-deep soil penetration and the like are caused, and the transmission mechanisms of some peanut harvesters are complex and often have various problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

the utility model provides a peanut harvester which can harvest four ridges of peanuts once, can change along with the height of the ground automatically and can change in a self-adaptive manner and has high transmission efficiency of a transmission mechanism.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized like this: the peanut harvester comprises a conical frame, four traveling wheels are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the frame, a cross beam is arranged on the front side of the frame, five vertical columns extending downwards are fixed on the cross beam at intervals, seedling-dividing ploughshares are respectively fixed on the five vertical columns, a passing channel for a ridge of peanuts to pass through is formed between any two adjacent seedling-dividing ploughshares, four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms respectively corresponding to the four ridges of peanuts are arranged at the lower part of the frame, each peanut clamping and conveying mechanism comprises a belt pulley group and a clamping and conveying belt rotatably assembled on the belt pulley group, an upper transmission mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the frame, each upper transmission mechanism comprises eight gears symmetrically arranged on the left and right, the eight gears are sequentially meshed and driven in a U shape, the eight gears are fixedly connected with eight transmission belt pulleys of the four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms through connecting shafts so as to drive the four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms to act, a gearbox is further arranged at the upper part of the frame, an input, the output of gearbox is the vertical drive sprocket who sets up of axis, is fixed with driven sprocket on one of them of eight gears, and drive sprocket passes through the drive chain transmission with driven sprocket and is connected so that transmit power for eight gears, the upper portion of frame still is provided with the traction frame, and articulated on the traction frame have the pull rod, and the other end of pull rod is used for articulating so that provide the traction force that advances for the frame with agricultural walking machinery.

Furthermore, the lower part of the upright post is also fixed with a break shovel, and the height of the break shovel is lower than the seedling-separating ploughshare. The soil spade set up can loosen the soil and cut off the darker peanut root system of root system, and the condition of avoiding the peanut seedling to pull out appears.

Furthermore, one in the middle of five stands is provided with two break shovels that are the splayed setting, is fixed with the break shovel that extends to middle slope respectively on two stands of both sides.

Furthermore, the walking wheels are rotatably assembled on the connecting frame, the connecting frame is assembled on the rack in a vertically moving mode so as to adjust the vertical position of the corresponding walking wheels relative to the rack, and the connecting frame is further provided with a locking mechanism for locking the connecting frame which moves vertically relative to the rack. The left and right or front and back inclination angles of the frame can be adjusted according to different terrains.

Furthermore, two sides of each seedling separating plough share are also fixed with splayed front guide reinforcing bars so as to guide the peanut seedlings. So that the peanut seedlings can more accurately enter between the clamping belts of the peanut clamping and conveying mechanism.

Further, the belt pulley group comprises a tension wheel for tensioning the pinch belt and a top belt pulley for pressing the pinch belt and the adjacent pinch belt together.

Further, the top pulley is rotatably mounted on one end of a swing plate, the middle of which is hinged to the frame, and the other end of which is connected to the frame through a spring so as to provide an elastic force for pressing the top pulley toward the nip belt. The clamping force to the peanut seedlings can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner.

Furthermore, at least one of eight transmission belt wheels of the four pairs of peanut pinching mechanisms is fixed with a peanut seedling poking plate with teeth so as to poke peanut seedlings.

By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: firstly, the peanut harvester of the utility model can harvest four ridges of peanuts simultaneously while ensuring that the peanut harvester is small and exquisite in submission and can be used in cooperation with agricultural walking machinery such as a tractor and the like, thereby improving the peanut harvesting efficiency; secondly, the special eight-gear transmission mechanism is high in transmission efficiency, can directly drive the transmission belt wheels of the four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms to act through the connecting shafts, is remarkably shortened in transmission path, improved in transmission efficiency, reduced in equipment size, convenient to lubricate and very convenient, and compared with a traditional belt transmission mode, the special eight-gear transmission mechanism is high in transmission efficiency, small in mechanical loss, not prone to damage, free of slipping and belt breakage, reduced in probability of shutdown maintenance, and very suitable for being used in a complex and severe environment of agricultural harvesting; on the other hand, the peanut harvester lands through four walking wheels, rather than hanging on the tractor, and realize the traction connection and the power connection between peanut harvester and the tractor respectively through both ends articulated pull rod and universal axis of rotation respectively, make the peanut harvester can be for the tractor independently along with the ground shape up-and-down motion, avoid the peanut harvester to lead to the condition that the break shovel depth of ingrowing differs to the tractor luffing motion to appear, make the peanut harvesting process more stable, avoid the peanut to cut off and the problem of ingrowing too deep drawing motionless to appear.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a peanut harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a peanut vine pulling mechanism of the peanut harvester;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a peanut seedling guiding mechanism of the peanut harvester with adjustable direction;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the upper drive mechanism of the peanut harvester;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a seedling-pulling wheel;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the seedling-pulling wheel and the transmission gear;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first guide plate;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second guide plate;

wherein: 1-a frame, 11-a cross beam, 12-a longitudinal beam, 13-a vertical column, 2-a wheel, 3-a seedling-dividing plough share, 31-a front guide reinforcing bar, 4-a ripper, 5-a traction frame, 51-a portal frame, 52-a support, 6-a gearbox, 61-a rotating shaft, 62-a driving chain wheel, 7-an upper transmission mechanism, 71-a driven chain wheel, 72-a driving gear, 73-a driven gear, 74-a circular plate, 8-a connecting shaft, 9-a seedling-pulling plate, 10-a clamping belt, 20-a fixed belt wheel, 30-a top belt wheel, 40-a tensioning wheel, 50-a first guide plate, 501-a bolt hole, 502-a bolt, 60-a second guide plate, 601-a connecting plate, 70-a guide mechanism and 701-a guide rod, 702-rear guide steel bar, 80-driving pulley, 90-spring, 100-swinging plate, 101-universal driving shaft and 102-driving chain.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model discloses peanut harvester's embodiment: as shown in fig. 1-2, the device comprises a frame 1, four wheels 2, five seedling separating ploughshares 3, four break shovels 4, a traction frame 5, a gear box 6, an upper transmission mechanism 7, a connecting shaft 8, seedling poking wheels, ten clamping belts 10, a plurality of fixed pulleys 20, a plurality of top pulleys 30, a tensioning wheel 40, a first guide plate 50, a second guide plate 60 and a guide mechanism 70.

The frame 1 is conical, the front part is big, the rear part is small, the front part and the rear part are front and rear along the advancing direction of the peanut harvester, and the frame 1 is divided into two layers and comprises a cross beam 11 and a plurality of inclined longitudinal beams 12.

Four wheels 2 are respectively arranged at four corners of the frame 1, the connecting frame of the wheels 2 can adjust the length of the wheels extending out of the frame 1 downwards relative to the frame 1, thereby adjusting the height or the inclination of the frame 1 relative to the ground, the four wheels 2 can support the frame 1 by full gravity, after the peanut harvester is connected with the tractor by the traction frame 5, the tractor does not bear the weight of the peanut harvester, therefore, the peanut harvester with four wheels can adjust the height along with the height of the ground, therefore, the penetration depth of the break shovel 4 is kept constant basically, the traditional peanut harvester is hung behind a tractor and provided with two wheels to land, and the peanut harvester jolts along with the jolting of the tractor, so that the problem that the peanut harvester is easy to pull out peanut seedlings because the break shovel 4 penetrates too shallow or cuts off peanuts and the break shovel 4 penetrates too deep to pull the tractor immovably is caused.

The seedling separating ploughshare 3 is provided with two symmetrical inclined planes and has the function of separating peanut seedlings of two adjacent ridges of peanuts, front guide reinforcing steel bars 31 for guiding the peanut seedlings are welded on two sides of the seedling separating ploughshare 3 respectively, and the front guide reinforcing steel bars 31 are arranged in a splayed inclined mode. Frame 1's preceding upper portion is provided with crossbeam 11, it has five stands 13 to fix through the U-shaped card on crossbeam 11, wherein first, the length of third and fifth stand 13 is longer, and downwardly extending to under the branch seedling ploughshare 3, and be fixed with break shovel 4 through bolt assembly at its tip, one side towards second stand 13 is provided with a break shovel 4 on the first stand 13, third stand 4 is provided with two break shovels 4 towards both sides symmetry respectively, one side towards fourth stand 13 is provided with a break shovel 4 on the fifth stand 13, four break shovels 4 just cover the length of whole crossbeam 11, can be cut off by whole with the longer root system in the lower part of the four ridges peanut of ensureing to pass through. The five seedling separating ploughshares 3 are respectively sleeved on the corresponding five upright posts 13 through steel sleeves at the ends of the five seedling separating ploughshares and are fixed by welding.

Traction frame 5 includes several mutual articulated connecting rods, and the upper strata of frame 1 upwards is fixed with portal frame 51, and the one end of traction frame 5 articulates on the uppermost of portal frame 51, and the support 52 that upwards extends is also welded on the upper portion of crossbeam 11, and the other end of traction frame 5 articulates in support 52 upper end, and it has the pull rod that is used for being connected with the tractor rear portion to articulate between the both ends of traction frame 5, and the other end of pull rod is articulated with the tractor. The pull rod can provide pulling force for the portal frame 51 and the bracket 52 simultaneously to pull the peanut harvester to advance. And the tractor cannot be transferred to the peanut harvester when jolting up and down.

As shown in fig. 4, a speed change transmission assembly, such as a gear set or a worm gear set, is provided inside the transmission 6, the transmission 6 is installed at the rear side of the gantry 51, a rotating shaft 61 extends forward from the transmission 6, the rotating shaft 61 is in transmission connection with a power output end of the tractor through a universal transmission shaft 101 to transmit power of the tractor to the transmission 6, and the inside of the transmission 6 is subjected to speed change (generally speed reduction) and then transmitted to a driven sprocket 71 integrally provided with the driving gear 72 through a driving sprocket 62 and a transmission chain 102 to drive the driving gear 72 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 4, the upper transmission mechanism 7 includes eight transmission gears, wherein the driving gear 72 is integrally provided with the driven sprocket 71, and the driving gear 72 sequentially transmits the rotation to the remaining seven driven gears 73. The driving gear 72 and the driven gear 73 are both connected with a transmission belt wheel 80 through a connecting shaft 8, the upper baffle and the lower baffle of the transmission belt wheel 80 of the second row of gears (close to the driving gear 72) from front to back are seedling pulling plates 9 with teeth, a pinch belt 10 is arranged between the two seedling pulling plates 9, as shown in fig. 6, the transmission belt wheel 80 of the fourth row of gears comprises the upper baffle and the lower baffle, the two pinch belts 10 can be clamped at the same time, and the baffle at the lowest layer is a circular plate 74. During transmission, each gear is transmitted to the corresponding transmission belt wheel 80 and the seedling shifting plate 9 through the corresponding connecting shaft 8, the transmission belt wheel 80 drives the clamping belt 10 to rotate, and the seedling shifting plate 9 shifts peanut seedlings by means of teeth.

As shown in fig. 2, five pairs of pinch belts 10 are provided, each pinch belt 10 is driven by a certain driving belt pulley 80 connected to a driving gear, a fixed belt pulley 20 is further provided at the other end of each pinch belt 10, a tension wheel 40 for tensioning the pinch belt 10 and a top belt pulley 30 for jacking a contact portion of two adjacent pinch belts 10 are further provided between the driving belt pulley 80 and the fixed belt pulley 20, the top belt pulley 30 functions to maintain a gap between the pinch belts 10 and has the capability of clamping and pulling up peanut seedlings, the top belt pulley 30 is rotatably mounted on an oscillating plate 100, the center of the oscillating plate 100 is hinged to the frame 1, and one end of the oscillating plate 100, which is far away from the top belt pulley 30, is tensioned on the frame 1 through a spring 90, so that the top belt pulley 30 is pressed against the pinch belts 10 by means of elastic force. In the layout of the five pairs of the clamping conveyor belts 10, the rearmost pair of the clamping conveyor belts 10 has a guiding function, and the front four pairs of the clamping conveyor belts 10 respectively correspond to four ridges of peanuts, so that the peanut vine clamping and conveying functions are achieved.

The four preceding pairs of clamping belts 10 are arranged in a conical manner, so that the peanuts clamped by the four ridges are gathered towards the middle, and in order to realize the function of gathering the peanuts of the four ridges simultaneously, the following design is made: first, consider that the prior art generally converges for two peanut rows, which is a problem of jamming due to the simultaneous convergence of four peanut rows that may result in untimely delivery. Therefore, four ridges of peanuts are gathered in two sections, firstly, two ridges of peanuts in the middle are gathered, and two ridges of peanuts on two sides are gathered.

As shown in fig. 2, 7 and 8, the arrangement of the first guide plate 50 and the two second guide plates 60 is matched with the seedling pulling plate 9 to realize smooth backward conveying of peanuts in two ridges in the middle, meanwhile, the arrangement of the two second guide plates 60 can be matched with the seedling pulling plate 9 in the back row to realize continuous conveying of peanut seedlings, and the arrangement of the first guide plate 50 and the second guide plates 60 can realize smooth conveying of peanut seedlings conveyed from the front four pairs of pinch belts 10 to the pair of guided pinch belts 10 on the back side.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a beam 11 is disposed at the rear side of the rack 1, the guide mechanism 70 includes two parallel guide rods 701, the two guide rods 701 are hinged to the beam 11, fixed pulleys 20 are disposed at the outer ends of the guide rods 701, two clamping belts 10 are respectively sleeved between the corresponding fixed pulleys 20 and the corresponding driving pulleys 80, a top pulley 30 is further disposed on each guide rod 701, the top pulley 30 is rotatably mounted on the swing plate 100, the center of the swing plate 100 is hinged to the guide rods 701, and one end of the swing plate 100, which is far away from the top pulley 30, is tensioned on the guide rods 701 through a spring 90, so that the top pulley 30 presses against the clamping belts 10 by means of elastic force. The guide bar 701 is also provided with a rear guide steel bar 702 extending obliquely to the rear side so as to guide the conveyed peanut seedlings continuously after the peanut seedlings are conveyed by the pinch belt 10 of the guide bar 701. The arrangement of the guide mechanism 70 is mainly to adjust the placing position of the peanut seedlings, the peanut seedlings need to be pulled away through the agricultural walking machine after being harvested, the agricultural walking machine needs to advance along the placing direction of the peanuts and continuously place the peanuts on the peanut loading vehicle at the same time, the peanuts harvested by the traditional peanut harvester are placed according to a fixed distance, the peanut distance between every two adjacent rows is short, the peanuts cannot be used for walking of the agricultural walking machine, one or two rows of peanuts need to be manually separated, time and labor are wasted, the peanuts can fall off from the peanut seedlings due to the fact that the peanuts are frequently picked up, and the follow-up operation is more troublesome. And the utility model discloses a guiding mechanism 70 can adjust inclination at will to change the locating position of peanut, thereby make the distance between two adjacent peanuts enlarge, so that agricultural walking machinery passes through smoothly, made things convenient for the loading process greatly.

When in use: the traction frame 5 of the peanut harvester is connected with the rear part of a tractor, the rear output shaft of the tractor is connected with the outward-extending rotating shaft 61 of the gearbox 6 through the universal transmission shaft 101, four wheels of the peanut harvester are landed, the peanut harvester is aligned to four ridges of peanuts to be harvested, the tractor is started to walk and simultaneously drives the rear output shaft to rotate, the peanut seedlings are firstly separated by the seedling-dividing plough share 3, the scarifier 4 is buried for scarifying soil and cutting root systems, the peanut seedlings enter between the clamping belts 10, under the action of the pulling-out force of the pinch belt 10, the peanut seedlings and the peanuts are pulled out from the loosened soil, and the seedling poking plate is conveyed to the rear side, continues moving backwards under the poking of the seedling poking plate 9 at the rear side, smoothly enters the rear guide mechanism 70 through the switching of the first guide plate 50 and the second guide plate 60, is conveyed to the rear side through the clamping belt 10, continues guiding through the rear guide steel bar 702, and finally is orderly placed in one time.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A peanut harvester is characterized by comprising a conical frame, four traveling wheels are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the frame, a cross beam is arranged on the front side of the frame, five vertical columns extending downwards are fixed on the cross beam at intervals, seedling separating ploughshares are respectively fixed on the five vertical columns, a through channel for a ridge of peanuts to pass through is formed between any two adjacent seedling separating ploughshares, four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms respectively corresponding to the four ridges of peanuts are arranged at the lower part of the frame, each peanut clamping and conveying mechanism comprises a belt pulley set and a clamping and conveying belt rotatably assembled on the belt pulley set, an upper transmission mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the frame, each upper transmission mechanism comprises eight gears symmetrically arranged on the left and right, the eight gears are sequentially meshed and driven in a U shape, the eight gears are fixedly connected with eight transmission belt pulleys of the four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms through connecting shafts so as to drive the four pairs of peanut clamping and conveying mechanisms to act, a, the input shaft of gearbox is connected with universal drive shaft so that be connected with agricultural walking machine's output pivot transmission, and the output of gearbox is the vertical drive sprocket who sets up of axis, is fixed with driven sprocket on one of them of eight gears, and drive sprocket passes through drive chain transmission with driven sprocket and is connected so that transmit power for eight gears, the upper portion of frame still is provided with the traction frame, and it has the pull rod to articulate on the traction frame, and the other end of pull rod is used for articulating so that provide the traction force that advances for the frame with agricultural walking machine.

2. the peanut harvester of claim 1, wherein a break shovel is further fixed to a lower portion of the upright, and a height of the break shovel is lower than the seedling-dividing ploughshare.

3. The peanut harvester of claim 2, wherein two splayed blades are disposed on a middle one of the five columns, and blades extending obliquely toward the middle are fixed on two columns on two sides.

4. A peanut harvester as in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the road wheels are rotatably mounted on a link which is mounted to the frame for movement up and down to adjust the up and down position of the respective road wheels relative to the frame, and a locking mechanism is provided on the link for locking the link after movement up and down relative to the frame.

5. A peanut harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two sides of each seedling-dividing ploughshare are also fixed with splayed front guide reinforcements for guiding the peanut seedlings.

6. The peanut harvester of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the set of belt wheels includes a tension wheel for tensioning the pinch belt and a top pulley for pressing the pinch belt against an adjacent pinch belt.

7. Peanut harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that the top pulley is rotatably mounted on one end of a swinging plate, the middle of which is hinged to the frame, the other end of which is connected to the frame by means of a spring so as to provide the top pulley with an elastic force pressing against the gripping belt.

8. A peanut harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a seedling poking plate with teeth is fixed on at least one of the eight driving pulleys of the four pairs of peanut pinching mechanisms so as to poke peanut seedlings.