CN111780634A - Method for reducing blasting vibration velocity - Google Patents
Method for reducing blasting vibration velocity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111780634A CN111780634A CN202010696287.1A CN202010696287A CN111780634A CN 111780634 A CN111780634 A CN 111780634A CN 202010696287 A CN202010696287 A CN 202010696287A CN 111780634 A CN111780634 A CN 111780634A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for reducing blasting vibration velocity, which comprises the following steps: s1) arranging a plurality of explosion vibration speed detection points in an explosion range, detecting the specific explosion vibration speed of each detection point during explosion, and comparing each specific explosion vibration speed with the maximum allowable vibration speed; s2) determining a corresponding vibration velocity influence factor according to the detection and comparison result; s3) determining a corresponding vibration velocity correction scheme according to the vibration velocity influence factor, and obtaining a corresponding correction quantity according to the constituent elements of the influence factor; s4) according to the correction quantity, implementing a corresponding vibration speed correction scheme and recording the correction result. The risk of construction is reduced, the house of people around having stopped to cause the damage, avoided causing too big feelings of earthquake to influence resident's normal life around.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a method for reducing blasting vibration velocity.
Background
In the tunnel construction process, the stone excavation usually needs to use the blasting construction, and if too high blasting vibration velocity is produced in the blasting process, the house damage of the house of the people around the house or too big vibration sensation is possibly caused, the potential safety hazard is caused, and the normal life of the residents around the house is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for reducing blasting vibration speed, which reduces the risk of construction, avoids damaging the houses of the surrounding civil houses, and avoids causing overlarge vibration to influence the normal life of the surrounding residents.
The method for reducing the blasting vibration speed provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1) arranging a plurality of explosion vibration speed detection points in an explosion range, detecting the specific explosion vibration speed of each detection point during explosion, and comparing each specific explosion vibration speed with the maximum allowable vibration speed;
s2) determining a corresponding vibration velocity influence factor according to the detection and comparison result;
s3) determining a corresponding vibration velocity correction scheme according to the vibration velocity influence factor, and obtaining a corresponding correction quantity according to the constituent elements of the influence factor;
s4) according to the correction quantity, implementing a corresponding vibration speed correction scheme and recording the correction result.
Preferably, in step S2), the detecting and comparing result includes: obtaining the number of the blasting vibration speed detection points with the specific blasting vibration speed larger than the maximum allowable vibration speed, wherein the number is larger than a first preset number; obtaining the number of the blasting vibration speed detection points with the specific blasting vibration speed larger than the maximum allowable vibration speed, wherein the number is smaller than a second preset number, and the first preset number is larger than the second preset number; and obtaining the number of the blasting vibration speed detection points at the cut hole position, wherein the specific blasting vibration speed is greater than the maximum allowable vibration speed, and the number is greater than a third preset number.
Preferably, in step S2), the vibration velocity influence factor at least includes: the number of the blasting segments is less than the preset number of the segments; the maximum charge of the single-section blasting section is larger than the preset maximum charge; the single-hole medicine loading amount of the cut hole is larger than the preset single-hole medicine loading amount.
Preferably, in step S3), determining a corresponding vibration velocity modification scheme according to the vibration velocity influence factor includes: aiming at the vibration velocity influence factor of which the number of the blasting segments is less than the preset number of the segments, the vibration velocity correction scheme is as follows: setting the number of the blasting sections to be larger than the preset number of the blasting sections, and setting time delay among the blasting sections to reduce the number of the electronic detonators detonated simultaneously, wherein the electronic detonators are embedded in blasting holes arranged in the blasting range;
aiming at the vibration speed influence factor that the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section is larger than the preset loading, the vibration speed correction scheme is as follows: reducing the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section to be less than the preset loading;
aiming at the vibration speed influence factor that the single-hole loading of the cut hole is larger than the preset single-hole loading, the vibration speed correction scheme is as follows: and changing the cutting mode and setting the dosage of the cut hole to be smaller than the preset single-hole dosage.
Preferably, the setting that the number of the segments of the blast is greater than the preset number of the segments includes: the number of the blast holes in each blasting section is unchanged, and the total number of the blast holes is increased to form a new blasting section; or the total number of the blast holes is kept unchanged, and the blasting sections are divided again to increase the number of the blasting sections.
Preferably, a large-aperture vibration reduction hole is drilled in the center of the cut hole.
Preferably, a plurality of layers of auxiliary holes are circumferentially arranged on the periphery of the cut hole.
Preferably, the method further comprises: and while implementing the vibration speed correction scheme according to the correction amount, changing the positions of the blast holes and the charge amount of each blast hole according to the vibration speed correction scheme.
Preferably, the vibration velocity influencing factor includes: the number of the blasting sections, the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section and the single-hole loading of the cut hole;
the correction amount corresponding to the component of the vibration velocity influence factor includes: the difference between the number of the blasting segments and the preset number of the segments; the difference value between the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section and the preset loading; and the difference value of the single-hole loading amount of the cut hole and the preset single-hole loading amount.
Preferably, in step S4), the correction result includes:
the blasting vibration speed after implementing the vibration speed correction scheme;
the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section after the vibration velocity correction scheme is implemented; and
and carrying out single-hole loading of the cut hole after the vibration speed correction scheme is implemented.
The method for reducing the blasting vibration speed comprises the steps of firstly arranging a plurality of blasting vibration speed detection points in a blasting range, detecting the specific blasting vibration speed of each detection point during blasting, and comparing each specific blasting vibration speed with the maximum allowable vibration speed to determine the positions and the number of the points with the vibration speeds larger than the maximum allowable vibration speed; determining a corresponding vibration velocity influence factor according to the detection and comparison result; the corresponding vibration speed correction scheme can be determined according to the vibration speed influence factor, and the corresponding correction quantity is obtained according to the constituent elements of the influence factor, so that the improved target is clear, the construction is purposeful, and the construction efficiency is improved; and implementing a corresponding vibration speed correction scheme according to the correction amount, recording a correction result, and proving that the correction is an effective scheme under the condition that each specific blasting vibration speed is detected to be less than the allowed maximum vibration speed after the correction, so that the risk of construction is reduced, the damage to houses of surrounding civil houses is avoided, and the influence of overlarge vibration sense on the normal life of surrounding residents is avoided.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a method for reducing the vibration velocity of blasting according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the tunnel construction process, the stone excavation usually needs to use the blasting construction, and if too high blasting vibration velocity is produced in the blasting process, the house damage of the house of the people around the house or too big vibration sensation is possibly caused, the potential safety hazard is caused, and the normal life of the residents around the house is influenced.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for reducing the vibration velocity of blasting, comprising the following steps:
s1) arranging a plurality of explosion vibration speed detection points in an explosion range, detecting the specific explosion vibration speed of each detection point during explosion, and comparing each specific explosion vibration speed with the maximum allowable vibration speed;
s2) determining a corresponding vibration velocity influence factor according to the detection and comparison result;
s3) determining a corresponding vibration velocity correction scheme according to the vibration velocity influence factor, and obtaining a corresponding correction quantity according to the constituent elements of the influence factor;
s4) according to the correction quantity, implementing a corresponding vibration speed correction scheme and recording the correction result.
The construction environment of the invention is a hard rock tunnel, for example: the tunnel burial depth is 30m, the thickness of overlying strata around the tunnel is 6-12m, the surrounding rock grade is III-IV 2 level hard rock tunnel, and the horizontal distance between the tunnel and the surrounding building is 10-15 m. The vibration velocity of blasting reflects the blasting strength, the most direct factor influencing the blasting strength is the loading amount, the larger the loading amount is, the larger the vibration velocity generated by blasting is, and the blasting effects among the blasting sections are superposed to inevitably generate larger vibration.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, in order to improve the problem of overhigh blasting vibration speed, firstly, a plurality of blasting vibration speed detection points are arranged in a blasting range, the specific blasting vibration speed of each detection point during blasting is detected, and each specific blasting vibration speed is compared with the allowable maximum vibration speed so as to determine the positions and the number of the points with the vibration speed greater than the allowable maximum vibration speed; determining a corresponding vibration velocity influence factor according to the detection and comparison result; the corresponding vibration speed correction scheme can be determined according to the vibration speed influence factor, and the corresponding correction quantity is obtained according to the constituent elements of the influence factor, so that the improved target is clear, the construction is purposeful, and the construction efficiency is improved; and implementing a corresponding vibration speed correction scheme according to the correction amount, recording a correction result, and proving that the correction is an effective scheme under the condition that each specific blasting vibration speed is detected to be less than the allowed maximum vibration speed after the correction, so that the risk of construction is reduced, the damage to houses of surrounding civil houses is avoided, and the influence of overlarge vibration sense on the normal life of surrounding residents is avoided.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the maximum allowable vibration velocity may be set to: 0.5 cm/s.
First, step S1) is performed to arrange a plurality of detection points of the vibration velocity of blasting in the blasting range, detect the specific vibration velocity of blasting at each detection point, and compare each specific vibration velocity of blasting with the allowable maximum vibration velocity.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a detection point is arranged at each blasting section, a detection point is arranged at each cutting hole position, a specific blasting vibration velocity of each blasting section and a specific blasting vibration velocity of each cutting hole position can be obtained, and each specific blasting vibration velocity is compared with an allowable maximum vibration velocity to find the positions and the number of the detection points with the specific blasting vibration velocity greater than the allowable maximum vibration velocity, so as to provide basic data for subsequent improvement.
Step S2), according to the detection and comparison results, determining the corresponding vibration velocity influence factor.
Specifically, the detection and comparison results are: and obtaining the number of the blasting vibration speed detection points with the specific blasting vibration speed larger than the maximum allowable vibration speed, and setting the first preset number to be larger than 50% of the total number of the blasting sections under the condition that the number is larger than the first preset number, so that the problem that most blasting sections have too large blasting vibration speeds and need to be integrally corrected can be obtained.
For this result, the corresponding vibration velocity influence factor is determined as: the number of the blasting segments is less than the preset number of the segments. It can be understood that under the condition of a certain total explosive quantity, the explosive quantity in each section is reduced by increasing the number of the sections, so that the explosive vibration speed of each section is reduced.
The corresponding vibration velocity correction scheme is as follows: setting the number of the blasting sections to be larger than the number of the preset sections, and setting time delay among the blasting sections to reduce the number of the electronic detonators detonated simultaneously, wherein the electronic detonators are embedded in the blasting holes in the blasting range.
For example: the blasting segments are too few, so that the maximum charge of a single segment is 1.2kg, the number of the segments for blasting needs to be adjusted and increased, and the maximum charge of the single segment can be reduced to be below 0.6kg by adjusting the number of the blasting segments to be 30-40, so that the vibration speed of blasting is reduced; furthermore, the detonating tube detonator is changed into a digital electronic detonator, and the electronic control module is adopted to control the detonation process, so that time delay can be set among the blasting sections, the blasting sections are detonated in a time-sharing manner, the blasting resonance is reduced, and the vibration velocity of the blasting is reduced.
The detection and comparison results are: and obtaining the number of the detection points of the specific blasting vibration velocity greater than the maximum allowable vibration velocity, and setting that the second preset number is less than 50% of the total number of the blasting sections and the first preset number is greater than the second preset number when the number is less than the second preset number, so that the problem that the blasting vibration velocity is too large in a small number of the blasting sections and local correction is needed can be obtained.
For this result, the corresponding vibration velocity influence factor is determined as: the maximum charge of the single-section blasting section is larger than the preset maximum charge. The maximum loading capacity of the blasting section with the specific blasting vibration speed higher than the allowable maximum vibration speed during detection is set to be the preset maximum loading capacity, and the maximum loading capacity of the single-section blasting section is smaller than the preset maximum loading capacity by adjusting the maximum loading capacity, so that the blasting vibration speed of the single-section blasting section can be reduced.
The corresponding vibration velocity correction scheme is as follows: and reducing the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section to be less than the preset loading. For example, the preset charge is set to 0.6kg, and the maximum charge of the single-stage blasting section is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.6kg so as to control the blasting vibration speed of the single stage.
The detection and comparison results are: and under the condition that the number of the detection points of the specific blasting vibration speed at the cut hole position is larger than the maximum allowable vibration speed and the number is larger than a third preset number, the number of the cut holes with the third preset number larger than 70 percent can be set, and most cut holes can be corrected.
The corresponding vibration velocity influence factor for this result is: the single-hole loading amount of the cut hole is larger than the preset single-hole loading amount, and the purpose of reducing the blasting array speed at the position of the cut hole can be achieved by reducing the single-hole loading amount of the cut hole.
The corresponding vibration velocity correction scheme is as follows: and changing the cutting mode and setting the dosage of the cut hole to be smaller than the preset single-hole dosage. For example, the preset single-hole explosive loading can be set to be 0.8kg, if a six-hole cutting blasting mode is selected, the single-hole explosive loading is 0.2-0.3kg, the explosive loading requirement is met, and no obvious footage exists after blasting; the selected cutting mode is rhombic cutting blasting, the single-hole explosive quantity is 0.15-0.3kg, the blasting footage is 1m, the requirement on explosive quantity and the requirement on cyclic footage can be met, and the vibration speed is in a control range.
Specifically, the setting that the number of the segments of the blasting is greater than the preset number of the segments includes: the number of the blast holes in each blasting section is unchanged, the total number of the blast holes is increased to form a new blasting section, the increased blast holes are combined into the new blasting section, and the total blasting charge is dispersed in more blasting sections, so that the maximum blasting charge of each blasting section is reduced, and the vibration speed of blasting is reduced;
or the total number of the blasting holes is kept unchanged, the blasting sections are divided again to increase the number of the blasting sections, the number of the blasting holes in each blasting section is reduced, the maximum blasting charge in each blasting section is reduced, and the vibration speed of blasting is reduced.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a large-aperture vibration reduction hole is drilled at the center of the cut hole, so that the vibration reduction hole can play a role in reflecting and blocking detonation vibration, and the blasting vibration velocity is further reduced.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of layers of auxiliary holes are arranged on the periphery of the cut hole along the circumferential direction, so that blasting is reasonably dispersed in a blasting area, and the purpose of reducing the blasting vibration speed is achieved.
The method further comprises the following steps: and while implementing the vibration speed correction scheme according to the correction amount, changing the positions of the blast holes and the charge amount of each blast hole according to the vibration speed correction scheme. In the vibration velocity correction scheme, a digital electronic detonator is used instead, and the cut holes are adjusted according to the construction condition, so that the positions of the blast holes and the charge of each blast hole need to be correspondingly changed. For example, a first circle of auxiliary holes are arranged around the cut hole in a rectangular distribution with the cut hole as the center, a plurality of rows of second-layer auxiliary holes parallel to the hole arrangement direction of the first circle of auxiliary holes are arranged around the first circle of auxiliary holes, and a plurality of circles of third-layer auxiliary holes are arranged on the periphery of the second-layer auxiliary holes in a circular distribution. And determining the distance among the first circle of auxiliary holes, the second layer of auxiliary holes and the third layer of auxiliary holes according to the area of the blasting area, the number of the blasting holes and the division of the blasting section.
Preferably, the vibration velocity influencing factor includes: the number of the blasting sections, the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section and the single-hole loading of the cut hole;
the correction amount corresponding to the component of the vibration velocity influence factor includes: the difference between the number of the blasting segments and the preset number of the segments; the difference value between the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section and the preset loading; the difference value of the single-hole loading amount of the cut hole and the preset single-hole loading amount defines the improved target, so that the construction is targeted, and the construction efficiency is improved.
Preferably, in step S4), the correction result includes:
the blasting vibration speed after implementing the vibration speed correction scheme;
the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section after the vibration velocity correction scheme is implemented; and
and carrying out single-hole loading of the cut hole after the vibration speed correction scheme is implemented.
The maximum loading of the single-section blasting section is smaller than the preset loading, the single-hole loading of the cut hole is smaller than the preset single-hole loading, and the target of correction can be achieved under the condition that the blasting vibration speed is smaller than the allowed maximum vibration speed.
The invention aims to provide a method for reducing blasting vibration speed, which comprises the steps of firstly arranging a plurality of blasting vibration speed detection points in a blasting range, detecting specific blasting vibration speed of each detection point during blasting, and comparing each specific blasting vibration speed with an allowable maximum vibration speed to determine the positions and the number of points with vibration speeds greater than the allowable maximum vibration speed; determining a corresponding vibration velocity influence factor according to the detection and comparison result; the corresponding vibration speed correction scheme can be determined according to the vibration speed influence factor, and the corresponding correction quantity is obtained according to the constituent elements of the influence factor, so that the improved target is clear, the construction is purposeful, and the construction efficiency is improved; and implementing a corresponding vibration speed correction scheme according to the correction amount, recording a correction result, and proving that the correction is an effective scheme under the condition that each specific blasting vibration speed is detected to be less than the allowed maximum vibration speed after the correction, so that the risk of construction is reduced, the damage to houses of surrounding civil houses is avoided, and the influence of overlarge vibration sense on the normal life of surrounding residents is avoided.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention do not describe every possible combination.
In addition, any combination of various different implementation manners of the embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the embodiments of the present invention should be considered as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as long as the combination does not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reducing the vibration velocity of blasting, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) arranging a plurality of explosion vibration speed detection points in an explosion range, detecting the specific explosion vibration speed of each detection point during explosion, and comparing each specific explosion vibration speed with the maximum allowable vibration speed;
s2) determining a corresponding vibration velocity influence factor according to the detection and comparison result;
s3) determining a corresponding vibration velocity correction scheme according to the vibration velocity influence factor, and obtaining a corresponding correction quantity according to the constituent elements of the influence factor;
s4) according to the correction quantity, implementing a corresponding vibration speed correction scheme and recording the correction result.
2. The method for reducing the vibration velocity in blasting according to claim 1, wherein in step S2), the detecting and comparing result comprises:
obtaining the number of the blasting vibration speed detection points with the specific blasting vibration speed larger than the maximum allowable vibration speed, wherein the number is larger than a first preset number;
obtaining the number of the blasting vibration speed detection points with the specific blasting vibration speed larger than the maximum allowable vibration speed, wherein the number is smaller than a second preset number, and the first preset number is larger than the second preset number;
and obtaining the number of the blasting vibration speed detection points at the cut hole position, wherein the specific blasting vibration speed is greater than the maximum allowable vibration speed, and the number is greater than a third preset number.
3. The method for reducing vibration velocity in blasting according to claim 1, wherein in step S2), the vibration velocity influence factor at least comprises:
the number of the blasting segments is less than the preset number of the segments;
the maximum charge of the single-section blasting section is larger than the preset maximum charge;
the single-hole medicine loading amount of the cut hole is larger than the preset single-hole medicine loading amount.
4. The method for reducing vibration velocity in blasting according to claim 1, wherein in step S3), determining a corresponding vibration velocity modification scheme according to the vibration velocity influence factor comprises:
aiming at the vibration velocity influence factor of which the number of the blasting segments is less than the preset number of the segments, the vibration velocity correction scheme is as follows: setting the number of the blasting sections to be larger than the preset number of the blasting sections, and setting time delay among the blasting sections to reduce the number of the electronic detonators detonated simultaneously, wherein the electronic detonators are embedded in blasting holes arranged in the blasting range;
aiming at the vibration speed influence factor that the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section is larger than the preset loading, the vibration speed correction scheme is as follows: reducing the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section to be less than the preset loading;
aiming at the vibration speed influence factor that the single-hole loading of the cut hole is larger than the preset single-hole loading, the vibration speed correction scheme is as follows: and changing the cutting mode and setting the dosage of the cut hole to be smaller than the preset single-hole dosage.
5. The method for reducing the vibration velocity of blasting according to claim 4, wherein the setting the number of the segments of the blasting to be greater than the preset number of the segments comprises:
the number of the blast holes in each blasting section is unchanged, and the total number of the blast holes is increased to form a new blasting section; or
And (4) keeping the total number of the blast holes unchanged, and dividing the blast sections again to increase the number of the blast sections.
6. The method for reducing the vibration velocity in blasting according to claim 4, wherein a large-aperture vibration reduction hole is drilled at the center of the cut hole.
7. The method for reducing the vibration velocity for blasting according to claim 6,
and a plurality of layers of auxiliary holes are arranged on the periphery of the cut hole along the circumferential direction.
8. The method for reducing the vibration velocity for blasting according to claim 7, further comprising:
and while implementing the vibration speed correction scheme according to the correction amount, changing the positions of the blast holes and the charge amount of each blast hole according to the vibration speed correction scheme.
9. The method for reducing vibration velocity in blasting according to claim 1, wherein the vibration velocity influence factor comprises: the number of the blasting sections, the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section and the single-hole loading of the cut hole;
the correction amount corresponding to the component of the vibration velocity influence factor includes:
the difference between the number of the blasting segments and the preset number of the segments;
the difference value between the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section and the preset loading;
and the difference value of the single-hole loading amount of the cut hole and the preset single-hole loading amount.
10. The method for reducing the vibration velocity in blasting according to claim 1, wherein in step S4), the correction result comprises:
the blasting vibration speed after implementing the vibration speed correction scheme;
the maximum loading of the single-section blasting section after the vibration velocity correction scheme is implemented; and
and carrying out single-hole loading of the cut hole after the vibration speed correction scheme is implemented.
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| CN116242209A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-06-09 | 青岛理工大学 | Vibration damping rate calculation method, system and equipment for vibration damping hole and readable storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20201016 |