CN111778469A - Method for improving bonding strength of thermal spraying coating on surface of light alloy part - Google Patents
Method for improving bonding strength of thermal spraying coating on surface of light alloy part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111778469A CN111778469A CN202010699314.0A CN202010699314A CN111778469A CN 111778469 A CN111778469 A CN 111778469A CN 202010699314 A CN202010699314 A CN 202010699314A CN 111778469 A CN111778469 A CN 111778469A
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- sand blowing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the bonding strength of a thermal spraying coating on the surface of a light alloy part, and belongs to the technical field of thermal spraying. The method adopts a fine-grain-diameter and low-pressure sand blowing process, and performs high-pressure water cleaning and carbon dioxide secondary cleaning and drying treatment on the surface after sand blowing, so that the clean surface to be sprayed, which is free from sand embedding and has interface pollution less than 2%, can be obtained, the bonding strength of plasma spraying coatings on the inner surfaces of light alloy base material parts such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like, particularly annular thin-walled parts, is effectively improved, and the deformation of the parts is reduced. The bonding strength of the coating prepared by the invention is improved by 50-100% compared with the prior art, the reliability is higher, the service life is longer, and the coating is suitable for batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal spraying, relates to a method for improving the bonding strength of a thermal spraying coating on the surface of a light alloy part, and particularly relates to a method for improving the bonding strength of a plasma spraying coating on the inner surface of a light alloy thin-wall part.
Background
Light alloys such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy and the like are widely used structural materials in the aviation industry, have active chemical properties and low surface hardness, are easy to corrode and abrade, and need to be subjected to surface protection treatment before use. The hot spraying has become a development trend of the preparation technology of the surface protective coating of the light alloy part due to various process types, wide material selection, strong adaptability of part shapes, controllable coating thickness and controllable heating degree of a matrix. The protective coating for hot spraying on the surface of the light alloy mainly comprises a wear-resistant coating, an anticorrosive coating, a heat-insulating coating, a sealing coating, a titanium fire-resistant coating and the like, and the preparation process of the coating usually comprises three steps of pretreatment before spraying, coating preparation and coating post-treatment.
Research shows that the main reason for the failure of the protective coating of the light alloy surface by hot spraying is the peeling of the coating, and the main reasons are as follows: (1) the surface of the light alloy is active in chemical property, and the surface to be sprayed is quickly oxidized after coarsening before spraying, so that the coating cannot form high-strength mechanical combination with the surface of the base material; (2) the light alloy has low hardness, and the coarsening process before spraying is easy to cause sand grains to be embedded, so that the sand grains become stress concentration points and crack sources in the coating, and the cracking, the falling and the failure are caused.
Research has shown that for a given coating material, the protective properties and service life of a thermal spray protective coating are directly related to its bond strength. But because of the surface characteristics of the light alloy, the bonding strength of the prepared coating is only about 50 percent of the bonding strength of the same coating on the surfaces of the iron-based and nickel-based materials, and the inner hole coating of the thin-wall part is even less than 30 percent, so that the yield and the reliability of the plasma spraying coating on the inner surface of the light alloy thin-wall part are very low. Due to the low melting point of the light alloy, the bonding strength of the coating is difficult to further improve by a subsequent heat treatment method.
People urgently need a method for improving the bonding strength of the thermal spraying coating on the surface of the light alloy part, and the protection performance and the service life of the thermal spraying coating on the surface of the light alloy part are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the bonding strength of a thermal spraying coating on the surface of a light alloy part, which is mainly applied to but not limited to the preparation of various light alloy parts, in particular to the preparation of plasma spraying coatings of inner holes of light alloy thin-wall ring parts, the bonding strength of the prepared coatings is improved by 50-100 percent compared with that of the coatings in a normal state, and the coatings have higher reliability and service life and are suitable for batch production. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A method for improving the bonding strength of a hot spraying coating on the surface of a light alloy part comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the part into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and performing ultrasonic cleaning and oil removal by using an organic solvent as a cleaning agent;
(2) after the parts are taken out, the parts are dried by using clean compressed air, and the uncoated areas of the parts are protected by using a special protective adhesive tape for sand blowing;
(3) carrying out surface roughening treatment on a part spraying area by adopting a fine-grain-diameter and low-pressure sand blowing process, and removing a sand blowing protective adhesive tape after sand blowing;
(4) washing and cleaning the sand blasting surface by using high-pressure water;
(5) carrying out secondary cleaning and drying treatment on the sand blowing surface and other areas of the part by adopting high-pressure carbon dioxide airflow;
(6) and (5) transferring to a spraying process.
The inventor finds that the cleanliness of the surface of the light alloy part to be sprayed has an important influence on the bonding strength of the thermal spraying coating, and the cleanliness of the surface of the light alloy part to be sprayed is remarkably improved by creatively using high-pressure carbon dioxide airflow to perform secondary cleaning and drying treatment on the sand blasting surface and other areas of the part, so that the bonding strength of the coating is improved by 50% -100% compared with that of the coating in a normal state, and the coating has higher reliability and longer service life.
In some embodiments, the organic solvent of step (1) is ethanol or acetone.
In some embodiments, the specific process parameters of the ultrasonic cleaning and oil removal in step (1) are as follows: the ultrasonic frequency is 30-40 kHz, and the power density is 0.6-0.8W/cm2The cleaning temperature is 25-50 ℃, and the cleaning time is 15-30 min.
In some embodiments, the fine particle size, low pressure sand blowing process of step (3) is specifically: the method comprises the steps of blowing sand by using 50-150 meshes of white corundum sand and a multi-shaft manipulator or a manually clamped press-in sand blowing gun, wherein the diameter of a gun barrel is 6-10 mm, the sand blowing pressure is 0.1-0.4 MPa, the sand blowing angle is 60-80 degrees, the sand blowing distance is 140-170 mm, and the surface roughness after sand blowing is 4-10 mu m.
In some embodiments, the specific process parameters of step (4) are: the water pressure is 20-50 MPa, the pulse frequency is 5-15 kHz, the flushing distance is 10-30 mm, and the interface pollution on the sand blowing surface after flushing cleaning is less than 5%.
In some embodiments, the specific process parameters of step (5) are: the surface of the part is subjected to rapid cleaning and drying treatment by adopting high-pressure compressed air flow containing carbon dioxide gas or dry ice, the mass fraction of the carbon dioxide gas or the dry ice is 50-80%, and the interface pollution on the sand blowing surface after cleaning and drying is less than 2%.
The invention provides a method for improving the bonding strength of a thermal spraying coating on the surface of a light alloy part, which aims to improve the bonding strength of the thermal spraying coating on the surface of the light alloy part, particularly the inner surface of a thin-wall annular part, by 50-100%. Compared with the traditional pretreatment before spraying, the method can obtain a clean surface, so that the reliability and the service life of the thermal spraying coating prepared subsequently are greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples.
Example 1 preparation of aeroengine compressor half-and-half casing inner wall sealing coating (TC4 titanium alloy substrate)
Step 1, putting the casing component into ultrasoundIn the wave cleaning machine, alcohol is used as a cleaning agent to carry out ultrasonic cleaning and oil removal, the ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz, and the power density is 0.8W/cm2The cleaning temperature is 50 ℃, and the cleaning time is 15 min.
And 2, taking out the casing assembly, drying the casing assembly by using compressed air, and protecting the uncoated area by using a sand blowing protective adhesive tape.
And 3, performing surface roughening treatment on a spraying area of the casing by adopting a fine-grain-diameter and low-pressure sand blowing process, crushing white corundum sand by adopting 50-mesh electric melting, clamping a press-in sand blowing gun by adopting a multi-shaft manipulator, wherein the diameter of a gun barrel is 10mm, the sand blowing pressure is 0.3MPa, the sand blowing angle is 80 degrees, the sand blowing distance is 140mm, the surface roughness is 6-8 mu m after sand blowing, and removing the sand blowing protective adhesive tape after sand blowing is completed.
And 4, washing and cleaning the sand blasting surface by adopting high-pressure water, wherein the water pressure is 20MPa, the pulse frequency is 5kHz, and the cleaning distance is 30 mm.
And 5, performing rapid cleaning and drying treatment on the surface of the part by using high-pressure compressed air flow containing carbon dioxide (particles), wherein the mass fraction of the carbon dioxide (particles) is 60%, the gas input pressure is 1.2MPa, the moving speed is 10mm/s, the rotating speed of the part is 80rpm, and the part is cleaned for 1 time.
And 6, protecting the uncoated area by adopting a plasma spraying protective adhesive tape, and sequentially spraying an NiAl bonding bottom layer and an AlSi/PHB sealing coating surface layer.
The bonding strength of the coupon coating after spraying was determined as shown in the table below.
| Coating hanging piece | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Average |
| Bonding Strength (MPa) | 13.49 | 14.20 | 12.68 | 15.17 | 13.95 | 13.90 |
Comparative example 1: preparation of aeroengine compressor half-and-half casing inner wall sealing coating (TC4 titanium alloy substrate)
Step 1, placing the casing assembly into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and performing ultrasonic cleaning and oil removal by using alcohol as a cleaning agent, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 40kHz, and the power density is 0.8W/cm2The cleaning temperature is 50 ℃, and the cleaning time is 15 min.
And 2, taking out the casing assembly, drying the casing assembly by using compressed air, and protecting the uncoated area by using a sand blowing protective adhesive tape.
And 3, performing surface roughening treatment on a spraying area of the cartridge receiver by adopting a conventional particle size and normal pressure sand blowing process, crushing white corundum sand by adopting 22-mesh electric melting, clamping a press-in sand blowing gun by adopting a multi-shaft manipulator, wherein the diameter of a barrel is 12mm, the sand blowing pressure is 0.8MPa, the sand blowing angle is 80 degrees, the sand blowing distance is 200mm, the surface roughness is 8-12 mu m after sand blowing, and removing the sand blowing protective adhesive tape after sand blowing is completed.
And 4, cleaning the sand blowing surface by adopting high-pressure clean compressed air with the air pressure of 1.1 MPa.
And 5, protecting the uncoated area by adopting a plasma spraying protective adhesive tape, and sequentially spraying an NiAl bonding bottom layer and an AlSi/PHB sealing coating surface layer.
The bonding strength of the coupon coating after spraying was determined as shown in the table below.
| Coating hanging piece | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Average |
| Bonding Strength (MPa) | 8.05 | 8.66 | 9.27 | 7.84 | 8.71 | 8.51 |
Comparing example 1 with comparative example 1, it can be seen that, by adopting the method for improving the bonding strength of the hot sprayed coating on the surface of the light alloy part, the average value of the bonding strength of the coating of example 1 reaches 13.90MPa, which is 163.39% of the average value (8.51MPa) of the bonding strength of the coating of comparative example 1.
Example 2 Cold spray repair coating preparation of helicopter accessory casing (ZM5 magnesium alloy substrate)
Step 1, putting the casing into an ultrasonic cleaner, and using alcohol as the cleaning agentCleaning agent for ultrasonic cleaning and oil removal, the ultrasonic frequency is 30kHz, and the power density is 0.8W/cm2The cleaning temperature is 50 ℃, and the cleaning time is 30 min.
And 2, taking out the casing, drying the casing by using compressed air, and protecting the uncoated area of the part by using a sand blowing protective adhesive tape.
And 3, performing surface roughening treatment on a part spraying area by adopting a fine-grain-diameter and low-pressure sand blowing process, crushing white corundum sand by adopting 100-mesh electric melting, clamping a press-in sand blowing gun by adopting a multi-shaft manipulator (or manually), wherein the diameter of a gun barrel is 10mm, the sand blowing pressure is 0.2MPa, the sand blowing angle is 70 degrees, the sand blowing distance is 160mm, the surface roughness is 4-6 mu m after sand blowing, and removing the protective adhesive tape after sand blowing is completed.
And 4, washing and cleaning the sand blasting surface by adopting high-pressure water, wherein the water pressure is 30MPa, the pulse frequency is 15kHz, and the cleaning distance is 10 mm.
And 5, performing rapid cleaning and drying treatment on the surface of the part by adopting high-pressure compressed air flow containing carbon dioxide (dry ice), wherein the mass fraction of the carbon dioxide (dry ice) is 80%, the gas input pressure is 1.5MPa, the moving speed is 8mm/s, the step pitch is 15mm, and the part is cleaned for 1 time.
And 6, protecting the uncoated area by adopting a tool, and carrying out cold spraying preparation on the 6061 aluminum alloy coating.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving the bonding strength of a hot spraying coating on the surface of a light alloy part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing the part into an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and performing ultrasonic cleaning and oil removal by using an organic solvent as a cleaning agent;
(2) after the parts are taken out, the parts are dried by using clean compressed air, and the uncoated areas of the parts are protected by using a special protective adhesive tape for sand blowing;
(3) carrying out surface roughening treatment on a part spraying area by adopting a fine-grain-diameter and low-pressure sand blowing process, and removing a sand blowing protective adhesive tape after sand blowing;
(4) washing and cleaning the sand blasting surface by using high-pressure water;
(5) carrying out secondary cleaning and drying treatment on the sand blowing surface and other areas of the part by adopting high-pressure carbon dioxide airflow;
(6) and (5) transferring to a spraying process.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent in step (1) is ethanol or acetone.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process parameters of the ultrasonic cleaning and oil removal in the step (1) are as follows: the ultrasonic frequency is 30-40 kHz, and the power density is 0.6-0.8W/cm2The cleaning temperature is 25-50 ℃, and the cleaning time is 15-30 min.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fine particle size, low pressure sand blowing process of step (3) is specifically: the method comprises the steps of blowing sand by using 50-150 meshes of white corundum sand and a multi-shaft manipulator or a manually clamped press-in sand blowing gun, wherein the diameter of a gun barrel is 6-10 mm, the sand blowing pressure is 0.1-0.4 MPa, the sand blowing angle is 60-80 degrees, the sand blowing distance is 140-170 mm, and the surface roughness after sand blowing is 4-10 mu m.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process parameters in the step (4) are as follows: the water pressure is 20-50 MPa, the pulse frequency is 5-15 kHz, the flushing distance is 10-30 mm, and the interface pollution on the sand blowing surface after flushing cleaning is less than 5%.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process parameters in the step (5) are as follows: the surface of the part is subjected to rapid cleaning and drying treatment by adopting high-pressure compressed air flow containing carbon dioxide gas or dry ice, the mass fraction of the carbon dioxide gas or the dry ice is 50-80%, and the interface pollution on the sand blowing surface after cleaning and drying is less than 2%.
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| CN202010699314.0A CN111778469A (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2020-07-20 | Method for improving bonding strength of thermal spraying coating on surface of light alloy part |
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| CN202010699314.0A CN111778469A (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2020-07-20 | Method for improving bonding strength of thermal spraying coating on surface of light alloy part |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112474241A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-12 | 郑州飞机装备有限责任公司 | Method for improving environmental resistance of paint layer on surface of titanium alloy part |
| CN112593226A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Method for improving coating bonding strength in spraying installation of optical fiber sensor |
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2020
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2007051186A (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-03-01 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Surface treating method using carbon dioxide |
| CN105107795A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-12-02 | 山西金鼎高宝钻探有限责任公司 | Method for cleaning surfaces of electric device and precise hydraulic part by dry ice |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112474241A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-12 | 郑州飞机装备有限责任公司 | Method for improving environmental resistance of paint layer on surface of titanium alloy part |
| CN112593226A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Method for improving coating bonding strength in spraying installation of optical fiber sensor |
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