CN111771787A - Suspended-culture-based method for temporarily culturing blue crab cream crabs in winter - Google Patents
Suspended-culture-based method for temporarily culturing blue crab cream crabs in winter Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771787A CN111771787A CN202010458896.3A CN202010458896A CN111771787A CN 111771787 A CN111771787 A CN 111771787A CN 202010458896 A CN202010458896 A CN 202010458896A CN 111771787 A CN111771787 A CN 111771787A
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- 241000238097 Callinectes sapidus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 241000238154 Carcinus maenas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000040710 Chela Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238095 Scylla serrata Species 0.000 claims 8
- 208000001034 Frostbite Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001672730 Scylla paramamosain Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for temporarily breeding blue crab cream crabs in winter based on suspended culture, which is based on the temporary culture of a blue crab culture pond, wherein a circular ditch is dug at the bottom of the blue crab culture pond 3-6 meters away from the pond wall and is used as an excrement and bait residue gathering place; the winter temporary rearing method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting green crab cream crabs with healthy appendages and good vitality; s2, binding two chela feet of a single blue crab cream crab firmly by adopting a first end of a binding belt, and fixing a second end of the binding belt on a peripheral platform of the blue crab culture pond; placing the green crab cream crabs along circular ditches distributed around the green crab culture pond for temporary culture; when the temperature is reduced in winter, the blue crab cream crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch. The invention utilizes the annular ditch of the blue crab culture pond, the bottom of the annular ditch is deepest from the water surface, and the influence of the water temperature along with the weather temperature is small; because the binding belts only bind the chelae, the green crab cream crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch during cooling, and the cold tide frostbite or the freeze death of the green crabs is avoided; when the binding belt is recaptured, only the binding belt needs to be recycled, and the recapture is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blue crab breeding, and particularly relates to a suspended breeding-based method for temporarily breeding blue crab cream crabs in winter.
Background
Scylla paramamosain (Scylla paramamosain), commonly called blue crab, is delicious in taste and rich in nutrition, is a famous and precious marine crab culture variety with important economic value in China, and is also a marine culture crab with the largest yield in China. In recent years, the green crab breeding industry in China is developed rapidly, the green crab breeding yield is 15.8 million tons, the yield value is as high as 260 hundred million, the green crab breeding method becomes the agricultural support industry in various places along the coast in China, and great contribution is made to increasing income of farmers.
Under the natural condition, when the water temperature of the blue crabs is reduced to below 15 ℃ in winter, the blue crabs dig holes to live through the winter, so that farmers are difficult to catch the blue crabs, and local blue crabs cannot supply markets with vigorous demands during the spring festival. Therefore, farmers generally gradually catch and market water when the water temperature is higher in 10-11 months, but the harvesting time of the blue crabs is too concentrated, the sale price is lower, the profit margin of the farmers is seriously compressed, and the breeding benefit is seriously influenced.
By temporarily breeding the blue crabs in winter, avoiding the period of coming into the market in autumn in a large amount, and selling the blue crabs before the spring festival, the problem of low selling price in autumn can be relieved, the economic benefit brought by peak-staggering selling can be increased, and the method has important significance for promoting the income increase of farmers. The temporary culture of the green crab commodity crabs, particularly the cream crabs, has the characteristics of short time and great benefit. However, the temporary blue crab culture method adopted at present generally puts the blue crabs in a cement pool for temporary culture management, and is generally only suitable for temporary culture for about 1 month, the time is long, and the survival rate is reduced even the temporary culture can not be carried out until the spring festival. Other methods such as temporary rearing methods using rearing cages, crab apartments, crab boxes and the like are greatly limited by temporary rearing fields, the rearing area is limited, the temporary rearing cost is high, or the method has the disadvantage of poor resistance to sudden weather changes, and the survival rate is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, how to improve the winter temporary culture method of the green crab cream crabs and improve the temporary culture survival rate and the economic benefit becomes a key problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to solve at least one or more of the above problems of the prior art, in other words, to provide a method for temporarily raising crabs based on suspended cultured crab cream in winter which satisfies one or more of the above needs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for temporarily breeding blue crab cream crabs in winter based on suspended culture is characterized in that the blue crab culture pond is used for temporarily breeding blue crabs, a circular ditch is dug at the bottom of the blue crab culture pond 3-6 meters away from the pond wall, and the circular ditch is used as a place for accumulating excrement and bait residues; the winter temporary rearing method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting green crab cream crabs with healthy appendages and good vitality;
s2, binding two chela feet of a single blue crab cream crab firmly by adopting a first end of a binding belt, and fixing a second end of the binding belt on a peripheral platform of the blue crab culture pond; placing the green crab cream crabs along circular ditches distributed around the green crab culture pond for temporary culture; when the temperature is reduced in winter, the blue crab cream crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch.
As a preferred scheme, the bottom of the cultivation pond is divided into a middle cultivation platform and a peripheral cultivation platform by the annular ditch of the blue crab cultivation pond, the outer side of the peripheral cultivation platform is a pond ridge, and the inner area surrounded by the pond ridge is a blue crab cultivation space.
As the preferred scheme, the cultivation platforms on the periphery are provided with fixing rods at intervals of a preset distance, and the fixing rods are used for fixedly mounting the second ends of the binding belts.
As a preferred scheme, the blue crab culture pond is of a square structure, the length of the pond is 120-.
Preferably, the width of the annular groove is 4-6 m, and the depth is 1.5-2 m.
Preferably, the length of the binding band is 3-5 m, and the predetermined distance is 4-5 m.
Preferably, the binding band is a hemp rope, a cotton rope or an elastic rope.
Preferably, after step S2, the winter temporary rearing method further includes:
and S3, raising the water level of the blue crab culture pond to the highest water level before the cold air comes. Prevent the green crab cream crabs from being frostbitten by low temperature during the temporary rearing.
Preferably, the cold air reduces the temperature of the water to below 15 ℃.
Preferably, the temporary culture period is not fed and water is not changed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention utilizes the original annular ditch in the blue crab culture pond, the bottom of the annular ditch is deepest from the water surface, and the influence of the water temperature along with the weather temperature is small; because the binding belts only bind the chelae of the blue crabs, the normal movement of the blue crabs is not influenced, the blue crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch when the temperature is reduced, and the cold tide is prevented from frostbite or the blue crabs are frozen to death; when the binding belt is recaptured, the binding belt only needs to be recovered, and the capture is convenient;
(2) only the chela is bound, the step foot is not bound, thus not only avoiding fighting each other, but also ensuring self-walking, and having high survival rate and low disability rate;
(3) the conventional temporary culture method needs to build a temporary culture pond, needs heating and heat preservation and has high cost; the invention is suitable for all blue crab culture ponds, and the culturists can realize temporary culture in the original blue crab culture pond, thereby having wide audience and great popularization value;
(4) the feed is not fed during the temporary culture period, water is not changed, the feed cost is avoided, the cost is low, and the application prospect is wide;
(5) the survival rate of the temporary culture of the green crab cream crabs is high, the survival rate of the green crabs can reach 100 percent by sampling detection of the temporary culture method for 30 days of temporary culture, the survival rate of the green crabs can reach 92.2 to 98.3 percent by temporary culture for 60 days, the peak-off marketing of the green crab cream crabs is realized, and the economic benefit is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blue crab culture pond and a fixing rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan layout view of the blue crab culture pond according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The suspended culture-based blue crab cream crab winter temporary culture method provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on the original blue crab culture pond of the blue crab cream crab. The temporary rearing method solves the problems that the existing temporary rearing method needs a specific field and additional facilities, needs to transport the blue crabs, has large human input and high rearing cost, and cannot be popularized in a large range.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the blue crab culture pond comprises an outer pond ridge 1 and an inner culture platform, and the culture platform and the pond ridge form a culture space for the blue crab cream crabs.
Wherein, a circular ditch 3 is dug in a position 3-6 meters away from the wall of the green crab culture pond, the circular ditch divides the culture platform at the bottom of the culture pond into a middle culture platform 21 and peripheral culture platforms 22, the outer side of the peripheral culture platforms is a pond ridge 1, and the inner area enclosed by the pond ridges is a green crab culture space. The fixing rods 4 are arranged on the surrounding cultivation platforms 22 at intervals of a preset distance, and the fixing rods 4 are used for fixedly installing binding belts. The fixing rod 4 is preferably a bamboo rod, but not limited to a bamboo rod, as long as it can fix the left and right rods.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples.
Example 1:
the method for temporarily breeding the blue crab cream crabs in winter based on hanging culture comprises the following specific steps:
the green crab culture pond is 140m long, 120m wide, 25.2 mu in area, the depth of the culture platform is 1.5m, the width of the circumferential ditch is 6m, the depth is 2m, and the water depth is 3.5 m.
The crab cream with the complete appendage and good vitality is selected for binding, one end of the special packaging belt for the blue crab only binds the two chela feet of a single blue crab firmly without binding the step feet. Wherein, the special packaging belt for the blue crabs is preferably hemp rope.
The packing belt is 5 meters long, the other end of the packing belt is fixed on bamboo poles of a platform around the blue crab culture pond, the fixed points are spaced by 5 meters, and temporarily cultured blue crabs are placed along a circular ditch around the pond.
Before the cold air comes, the water level of the blue crab culture pond is raised to the highest water level so as to prevent the blue crabs from being frozen and injured due to low temperature in the temporary culture period, and the blue crabs are not fed or changed with water in the temporary culture period.
355 local green crab cream crabs are purchased in 11 months and 25 days, the survival rate of the sampled green crabs is 100 percent after temporary culture is carried out for 30 days, the survival rate of the green crabs is 349 after the temporary culture is carried out for about 60 days, and the survival rate is 98.3 percent after the blue crabs are caught in 1 month and 24 days.
Example 2:
the method for temporarily breeding the blue crab cream crabs in winter based on hanging culture comprises the following specific steps:
the green crab culture pond has the length of 135m, the width of 125m, the area of 25.3 mu, the depth of the culture platform of 1m, the width of the circumferential ditch of 4m, the depth of 1.5m and the water depth of 2.5 m.
The crab cream with the complete appendage and good vitality is selected for binding, one end of the special packaging belt for the blue crab only binds the two chela feet of a single blue crab firmly without binding the step feet. Wherein, the special packaging belt for the blue crabs is preferably hemp rope.
The length of the packaging belt is 3 meters, the other end of the packaging belt is fixed on bamboo poles of a platform around the blue crab culture pond, the fixed points are spaced by 4 meters, and the temporarily cultured blue crabs are placed along a circular ditch around the pond.
Before the cold air comes, the water level of the blue crab culture pond is raised to the highest water level so as to prevent the blue crabs from being frozen and injured due to low temperature in the temporary culture period, and the blue crabs are not fed or changed with water in the temporary culture period. Wherein the cold air causes the water temperature to drop below 15 ℃.
360 local green crab cream crabs are purchased in 11 months and 20 days, the survival rate of the sampled green crabs is 100 percent after temporary culture is carried out for 30 days, the survival rate of the green crabs is about 60 days after temporary culture, the blue crabs are caught in 26 days in 1 month, and the survival rate is 332 and 92.2 percent.
Example 3:
the method for temporarily breeding the blue crab cream crabs in winter based on hanging culture comprises the following specific steps:
the green crab culture pond has the length of 142m, the width of 120m, the area of 25.5 mu, the depth of the culture platform of 1m, the width of the circumferential ditch of 4m, the depth of 2m and the water depth of 3 m.
The crabs with strong appendages and good vitality are selected to be bound, one end of the special blue crab packaging belt only binds 2 feet of a single blue crab firmly, and the feet are not bound. Wherein, the special packaging belt for the blue crabs is preferably hemp rope.
The length of the packaging belt is 4 meters, the other end of the packaging belt is fixed on bamboo poles of a platform around the blue crab culture pond, the fixed points are spaced by 5 meters, and the temporarily cultured blue crabs are placed along a circular ditch around the pond.
Before the cold air comes, the water level of the blue crab culture pond is raised to the highest water level so as to prevent the blue crabs from being frozen and injured due to low temperature in the temporary culture period, and the blue crabs are not fed or changed with water in the temporary culture period. Wherein the cold air causes the water temperature to drop below 15 ℃.
340 local blue crabs are purchased in 24 days in 11 months, the survival rate of the sampled blue crabs is 100 percent after temporary culture is carried out for 30 days, the temporary culture is carried out for about 60 days, the blue crabs are caught in 24 days in 1 month, and the survival rate of the blue crabs is 320, and is 94.1 percent.
Example 4:
the method for temporarily breeding the blue crab cream crabs in winter based on hanging culture comprises the following specific steps:
the green crab culture pond has the length of 136m, the width of 122m, the area of 24.9 mu, the depth of the culture platform of 1.5m, the width of the circumferential ditch of 6m, the depth of 1.5m and the water depth of 3 m.
The crab cream with the complete appendage and good vitality is selected for binding, one end of the special packaging belt for the blue crab only binds the two chela feet of a single blue crab firmly without binding the step feet. Wherein, the special packaging belt for the blue crabs is preferably hemp rope.
The length of the packaging belt is 5 meters, the other end of the packaging belt is fixed on bamboo poles of a platform around the blue crab culture pond, the fixed points are spaced by 4 meters, and the temporarily cultured blue crabs are placed along a circular ditch around the pond.
Before the cold air comes, the water level of the blue crab culture pond is raised to the highest water level so as to prevent the blue crabs from being frozen and injured due to low temperature in the temporary culture period, and the blue crabs are not fed or changed with water in the temporary culture period. Wherein the cold air causes the water temperature to drop below 15 ℃.
335 local blue crabs are purchased in 18 days in 11 months, the survival rate of the sampled blue crabs is 100 percent after the temporary culture is carried out for 30 days, the blue crabs are caught in 20 days in 1 month after the temporary culture is carried out for about 60 days, and the survival rate of the blue crabs is 312 percent and 93.1 percent.
In the above embodiment and its alternative, the step of raising the water level of the blue crab culture pond to the highest water level before the arrival of the cold air can be omitted, but the survival rate of the blue crabs is affected.
In the above embodiments and their alternatives, the feed can also be administered in small amounts during the temporary rearing period.
In the above embodiments and their alternatives, the binding band may also be a strip of existing and commonly used binding, such as a cotton rope, a stretch cord, or the like.
In the above embodiment and the alternative, the size of the blue crab culture pond can be arbitrarily designed according to the actual situation between the length of 120-.
In the above embodiment and its alternative, the size of the annular groove can be designed arbitrarily according to the actual situation, and the width is 4-6 meters and the depth is 1.5-2 meters, and the size is not limited to the above size.
In the above embodiments and their alternatives, the length of the ligature band can be selected at will between 3-5 meters, and the predetermined distance of the fixing rod can also be selected at will between 4-5 meters, specifically designed according to the actual situation.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for temporarily breeding blue crab cream crabs in winter based on suspended culture is characterized in that the blue crab culture pond is used for temporarily breeding blue crabs, a circular ditch is dug at the bottom of the blue crab culture pond 3-6 meters away from the pond wall, and the circular ditch is used as a place for accumulating excrement and bait residues; the winter temporary rearing method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting green crab cream crabs with healthy appendages and good vitality;
s2, binding two chela feet of a single blue crab cream crab firmly by adopting a first end of a binding belt, and fixing a second end of the binding belt on a peripheral platform of the blue crab culture pond; placing the green crab cream crabs along circular ditches distributed around the green crab culture pond for temporary culture; when the temperature is reduced in winter, the blue crab cream crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch.
2. The suspended-culture-based temporary culture method for the cream crabs in winter according to claim 1, wherein the annular ditch of the blue crab culture pond divides the bottom of the culture pond into a middle culture platform and a peripheral culture platform, the outer side of the peripheral culture platform is a pond ridge, and the inner area surrounded by the pond ridge is a blue crab culture space.
3. The suspended culture-based mud crab temporary culture method in winter as claimed in claim 2, wherein the surrounding cultivation platform is provided with fixing rods at predetermined intervals, and the fixing rods are used for fixedly installing the second end of the binding belt.
4. The suspended culture-based temporary culture method for the mud crab in winter as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cultivation pond for the mud crab is rectangular in structure, with a length of 120-150 m, a width of 110-130 m and a water depth of 2.5-3.5 m.
5. The suspended culture-based mud crab cream winter temporary culture method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the width of the circular trench is 4-6 m and the depth is 1.5-2 m.
6. The suspended culture-based mud crab cream winter temporary culture method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the length of the binding belt is 3-5 m, and the predetermined distance is 4-5 m.
7. The suspended culture-based mud crab winter temporary culture method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binding bands are hemp ropes, cotton ropes or elastic ropes.
8. The suspended culture-based mud crab cream winter temporary culture method according to claim 1, wherein after the step S2, the method further comprises:
and S3, raising the water level of the blue crab culture pond to the highest water level before the cold air comes.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the cold air reduces the temperature of water to below 15 ℃.
10. The method for temporarily rearing the mud crab cream crabs in winter according to claim 1, wherein the crab cream crabs are not fed or changed with water during the temporary rearing.
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Citations (3)
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KR20120071414A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-07-03 | 인천광역시 | Net for preventing cannibalism of swimming crab |
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2020
- 2020-05-27 CN CN202010458896.3A patent/CN111771787A/en active Pending
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR20120071414A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-07-03 | 인천광역시 | Net for preventing cannibalism of swimming crab |
CN104396852A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-11 | 泰州市蒲公英农业科技发展有限公司 | Culture pond and method of crab |
CN106165667A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-30 | 奉化市吉奇水产生态养殖场 | A kind of low dam-high net methods swimming crab cultivation water-retention pool having from row function |
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农村科学致富丛书编写组 编: "《农家养殖新技术》", 31 August 1985, 海洋出版社 * |
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李才根: "《水产品暂养与活体运输技术》", 31 May 2004, 金盾出版社 * |
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