CN111771632A - Reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt vegetation restoration method - Google Patents
Reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt vegetation restoration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771632A CN111771632A CN202010676904.1A CN202010676904A CN111771632A CN 111771632 A CN111771632 A CN 111771632A CN 202010676904 A CN202010676904 A CN 202010676904A CN 111771632 A CN111771632 A CN 111771632A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/023—Multi-tiered planters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir, which comprises the steps of excavating shoreside soil with set depth inwards along a set position of a reservoir bank at an inclination angle of 30 degrees with a horizontal plane in a dry season to obtain an inclined groove with an inclination angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane; excavating a plurality of mounting grooves on the side surface of the inclined groove deviating from the water source along a set position; and prefabricating a separation frame and gabion columns, filling compacted mixed soil in the separation frame, and respectively installing the separation frame and the gabion columns in the installation grooves to form a plurality of planting grooves among the separation frame, the gabion columns and the side surfaces of the inclined grooves. The invention can solve the problem of poor treatment effect of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt in the prior art, has high efficiency, low construction amount and high success rate, and can ensure the vegetation formation activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological management engineering, in particular to a method for restoring vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir.
Background
The hydro-fluctuation belt is a dry-wet alternate mixed zone formed by connecting land and water in water bodies such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and the like and periodically submerged along seasonal and tidal fluctuation, and plays a vital role in water body health and ecological safety as an ecological barrier of the water body and along the bank of the water body.
The hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir has the characteristics of low fluctuation frequency, large water level difference in a dry period and a water expansion period and the like relative to water bodies such as inland rivers and lakes. Therefore, the plants growing in the dry season are submerged in the flood period, the vegetation is further drowned, and the vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation zone is further damaged, the soil fertility is reduced, the desertification is further realized, and the problem of the reduction of the soil quality on the bank is further caused.
When a hydro-fluctuation belt is damaged, one conventional treatment method is to pour a bank by using hard materials such as masonry, concrete and the like, but the method causes the natural environment in the water body to be damaged and difficult to recover and is not beneficial to ecological safety in the reservoir. The other method is a method for treating the side slope by a vegetation recovery method, but the conventional greening vegetation is easily submerged by water to rot roots due to large water level difference of the hydro-fluctuation belt, so that the treatment effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt vegetation restoration method and a measuring method which can solve the problem that the treatment effect of the reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt in the prior art is poor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for restoring the vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir comprises the following steps:
s1, in a dry season, excavating shoreside soil with a set depth inwards at a set position of a bank along an inclination angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane to obtain an inclined groove with an inclination angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane;
s2, excavating a plurality of mounting grooves on the side surface of the inclined groove deviating from the water source along a set position;
s3, prefabricating a partition frame and gabion columns, filling compacted mixed soil in the partition frame, and respectively installing the partition frame and the gabion columns in the installation grooves to enable a plurality of planting grooves to be formed among the partition frame, the gabion columns and the side faces of the inclined grooves;
s4, prefabricating planting bags, filling layered soil into the planting bags, wherein the layered soil comprises a green planting layer, and placing the planting bags in planting grooves;
and S5, paving the covering net on the planting groove, and removing the covering net and the planting bag after a set time length to finish vegetation restoration.
The method for repairing vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir and the testing method provided by the invention have the main beneficial effects that:
according to the method for restoring the vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir, the original desertified soil body in the hydro-fluctuation belt is removed by arranging the inclined groove, and soil is filled again to ensure the soil fertility and the growth effect of the vegetation; the installation rack is arranged to divide the space in the inclined groove into different layers along the height of the water level so as to plant different types of plants and fully adapt to the situation that the water level of the hydro-fluctuation belt is different; through setting up each face with the tip tank into the inclined plane for the front and back height difference of different layers guarantees that when the dry season, the root system of the plant that the water demand is big also can contact sufficient water source, and when the rich water period, the less plant stem leaf of water demand also can be located more than the surface of water, with the violent environment of water level change in the adaptation reservoir.
Through setting up the gabion post to utilize the space in the gabion post to make the water source circulate in the bottom of layering soil, also can contact the water source in the dry season with the green root system of planting higher in position, be unlikely to thoroughly blocked by the spacer.
The planting bags are detachably arranged, so that the bag body is prevented from influencing the growth of green plants, and meanwhile, the planting bags can be recycled, so that the cost is saved; through setting up the cover net to lay the rubble piece on the cover net, when preventing that the overburden layer of neighbouring river course one side from rising at the river, being taken away by a large amount of erodees.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for restoring vegetation in a reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt provided by the scheme.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt repaired by the scheme.
Fig. 3 is a top view of a repair structure.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of the mating relationship of the gabion column and the spacer.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the planting bag and the layered soil.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the water level and the falling zone in the dry season.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the water level and the falling zone in the rich period.
Wherein, 1, the inclined groove, 11, the mounting groove, 12, plant the groove, 2, the gabion post, 21, the gabion net, 22, separate the frame, 23, the connection stake, 3, plant the bag, 31, the lower cover leaf, 32, go up the pull ring, 33, the fixed band, 34, the connector link, 4, layering soil, 41, microorganism layer, 42, nutrition soil layer, 43, green layer of planting, 44, the overburden layer, 5, the earthing bag, 51, the soil mixture, 52, the pull ring, 6, cover the net, 61, the go-between.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of the method for restoring vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir provided by the scheme.
The method for restoring the vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir comprises the following steps:
and S1, in a dry season, excavating shoreside soil with a set depth inwards at a set position of the bank along an inclination angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane to obtain an inclined groove 1 with an inclination angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane. As shown in fig. 2 and 4.
Wherein, the set position is generally that the lowest water level in the dry season is 10 cm-30 cm upwards to ensure that the water source required by the growth of the lowest plant in the inclined groove 1 is provided, and the depth is generally 100 cm-150 cm to ensure that the lowest end in the inclined groove 1 is below the lowest water level; the side of the inclined groove 1 which is deviated from the water source is perpendicular to the side adjacent to the water source.
And S2, excavating a plurality of installation grooves 11 on the side surface of the inclined groove 1 deviating from the water source along the set position.
The installation groove 11 is in a plurality of mutually vertical grid shapes and is used for installing the separation frame 22 and the gabion column 2. The horizontal lines of the grids are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the vertical lines are perpendicular to the horizontal plane, so that the separation effect on the water body is ensured.
S3, prefabricating the partition frame 22 and the gabion column 2, filling compacted mixed soil 51 in the partition frame 22, respectively installing the partition frame 22 and the gabion column 2 in the installation groove 11, forming a plurality of planting grooves 12 among the partition frame 22, the gabion column 2 and the side surface of the inclined groove 1, wherein the planting grooves 12 are used for placing planting bags 3.
Further, the method for installing the partition frame 22 and the gabion column 2 is as follows:
s3-1, the separation frame 22 is installed in the installation groove, so that the separation frame 22 divides the inclined groove 1 into a plurality of planting grooves 12. As shown in fig. 3.
The partition frame 22 is a prefabricated wooden plate-shaped frame structure, the upper end of the partition frame 22 is open, and the bottom surface and the side surfaces are provided with a plurality of wood boards. Specifically, the method for filling the mixed soil 51 in the spacer 22 includes:
a1, preparing the separation frame 22 and the earthing bag 5, and removing the bottom surface of the earthing bag 5.
The soil covering bag 5 is a permeable woven bag and is used for matching with the separation frame 22 to contain the mixed soil 51 and matching with the separation frame 22 to ensure the compaction effect of the mixed soil 51. The upper end of the soil covering bag 5 is provided with a pull ring 52, and the material of the pull ring 52 is the same as that of the soil covering bag 5.
A2, placing the bottom surface of the soil covering bag 5 at the bottom of the separation frame 22, and detachably connecting the lower end of the soil covering bag 5 with the bottom of the separation frame 22.
The lower end of the soil covering bag 5 can be fixed with the bottom of the separation frame 22 through a plurality of screws. The number of screws is small, so that the soil covering bag 5 can be conveniently pulled out.
A3, filling nutrient soil and microorganisms into the soil covering bag 5, mixing to obtain mixed soil 51, and then compacting the mixed soil 51.
Through setting up the soil mixture 51, when playing the separated water source, when the root system of green planting pricked into soil mixture 51, also can guarantee that it draws sufficient nutrition. By compacting it, excessive damage to the mixed soil 51 and spacer 22 by the green plant roots is avoided.
And A4, repeating the step A3 until the height of the mixed soil 51 is the same as that of the upper end of the spacer 22, and finishing the filling of the mixed soil 51.
The portion of each fill and compaction is 1/3 to 1/4 of the height of the spacer 22 to ensure compaction.
And A5, when the planting bags 3 are completely placed, pulling the soil covering bags 5 out of the separation frame 22.
By pulling the pull ring 52, the soil covering bag 52 is pulled out to recover resources.
And S3-2, mounting the gabion column 2 at the intersection of the two mounting grooves 11.
The gabion column 2 comprises a gabion mesh 21 of a square-cylindrical metal net structure, and crushed stones are filled in the gabion mesh 21.
Through setting up gabion post 2 to utilize the space in the gabion post 2 to make the water source circulate in the bottom of inclined groove 1, guarantee that the higher green root system in position also can contact the water source in the dry season, be unlikely to by the thorough blocking of spacer 22.
S4, prefabricating the planting bags 3, filling layered soil 4 in the planting bags 3, wherein the layered soil 4 comprises the green planting layers 43, and placing the planting bags 3 in the planting grooves 12. As shown in fig. 5.
The planting bags 3 in each planting groove 12 are 4-6, and the structure of the planting bags 3 matched with the layered soil 4 is rectangular so as to be conveniently placed.
Furthermore, the material of the planting bag 3 is the same as that of the soil covering bag 5, and the bottom of the planting bag 3 is provided with lower cover leaves 31 which are mutually overlapped. The method for filling the layered soil 4 into the planting bag 3 comprises the following steps:
s4-1, placing the two fixing belts 33 into a rectangular mold pit in parallel;
s4-2, overlapping the lower cover leaves 31 of the planting bags 3 and then placing the planting bags on the fixing belts 33;
s4-3, filling layered soil 4 into the planting bags 3 layer by layer;
the layered soil 4 comprises a microorganism layer 41, a nutrition soil layer 42, a green plant layer 43 and a covering soil layer 44 from bottom to top, wherein microorganism strains are added in the microorganism layer 41.
The green layer 43 is arranged as follows:
the area where the water flooding time is more than 120 days is a hydrophilic area, and submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in a mixed manner;
the area with the water flooding time of more than 60 days and less than 120 days is a wet area, and emergent aquatic plants and hygrophytes are planted in a mixed mode;
and the area with the water flooding time less than 60 days is an adjacent water area, and wet plants and shore plants are planted in a mixed mode.
By planting different types of plants in a mixed manner, the green plants in the hydro-fluctuation belt are fully ensured to have certain survival capability in different periods of environments, so that the healthy growth of vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt is ensured.
As shown in fig. 6, in the dry season, because the end of the planting groove 12 at the lowest layer deviating from the water source is located below the water surface, the root system of the plant in the hydrophilic region can be ensured to be always in effective contact with the water source; by separating the mixed soil 51, the plant root system in the wet water area is only contacted with a water source to the minimum extent, and the growth difficulty caused by the complete flooding of the root system is avoided; and the plants in the adjacent water areas can be effectively prevented from contacting with a water source, so that the normal growth of the shore plants is ensured.
As shown in fig. 7, in the rich water period, the plants in the hydrophilic area are completely submerged in water, and the submerged plants can effectively grow in the water, so that the problem that the plants are drowned when submerged in the water is avoided; by the separation of the mixed soil 51, the plant root system of the adjacent water area can still only contact with the water source to the minimum extent, and the effective growth of the safety plant can also be ensured; and the plants in the wet area can be prevented from being completely submerged by a water source, so that the effective growth of emergent aquatic plants and hygrophytes is ensured.
S4-4, after filling, the binding fixing belt 33 is bundled to fix the planting bag 3, and the detachable connecting buckle 34 is arranged at the binding position of the fixing belt 33.
S5, paving the covering net 6 on the planting groove 12, and removing the covering net 6 and the planting bag 3 after a set time to finish vegetation restoration.
The set time is generally 7 to 15 days to ensure that the green plant root system completes rooting and environmental adaptation.
Furthermore, the upper end of the partition frame 22 is provided with a connecting pile 23, and the covering net 6 is provided with a connecting ring 61 which is detachably sleeved with the connecting pile 23.
The method for removing the planting bag 3 comprises the following steps: after the covering net 6 is removed, the connecting buckle 34 is opened, the fixing belt 33 is pulled out, the upper cover leaf 31 is pulled, and the planting bag 3 is pulled out along the gap between the stratified soil 4 and the separation frame 22.
The above description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Claims (10)
1. The method for restoring the vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, in a dry season, excavating shoreside soil with a set depth inwards at a set position of a bank along an inclination angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal plane to obtain an inclined groove with an inclination angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane;
s2, excavating a plurality of mounting grooves on the side surface of the inclined groove deviating from the water source along a set position;
s3, prefabricating a partition frame and gabion columns, filling compacted mixed soil in the partition frame, and respectively installing the partition frame and the gabion columns in the installation grooves to enable a plurality of planting grooves to be formed among the partition frame, the gabion columns and the side faces of the inclined grooves;
s4, prefabricating planting bags, filling layered soil into the planting bags, wherein the layered soil comprises a green planting layer, and placing the planting bags in planting grooves;
and S5, paving the covering net on the planting groove, and removing the covering net and the planting bag after a set time length to finish vegetation restoration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inclined trough is perpendicular to the side of the adjacent water source away from the side of the water source; the mounting groove is in a plurality of mutually perpendicular grid shapes.
3. The method for restoring vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the method for installing the partition frame and the gabion column comprises the following steps:
s3-1, installing a separation frame in the installation groove to enable the separation frame to separate the inclined groove into a plurality of planting grooves;
and S3-2, mounting the gabion column at the intersection of the two mounting grooves.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the spacer is a wooden plate frame structure; the gabion column comprises a gabion net of a square-cylindrical metal net structure, and broken stones are filled in the gabion net.
5. The method for remediating vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir as defined in claim 4, wherein the method for filling the spacer frame with the mixed soil comprises:
a1, prefabricating a partition frame and a soil covering bag, and removing the bottom surface of the soil covering bag;
a2, placing the bottom surface of the soil covering bag at the bottom of the separation frame, and detachably connecting the lower end of the soil covering bag with the bottom of the separation frame;
a3, filling nutrient soil and microorganisms into the soil covering bags, mixing to obtain mixed soil, and then compacting the mixed soil;
a4, repeating the step A3 until the height of the mixed soil is the same as that of the upper end of the separation frame, and finishing the filling of the mixed soil;
and A5, when the planting bags are placed completely, pulling the soil covering bags out of the separation frame.
6. The method for repairing vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bottom of the planting bag is a lower cover leaf overlapped with each other, the planting bag is bound by a fixing band, and a detachable connecting buckle is arranged at the binding position of the fixing band.
7. The method for remediating vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir as claimed in claim 6, wherein the layered soil comprises a microorganism layer, a nutrient soil layer, a green plant layer and a cover soil layer from bottom to top, and the microorganism layer is added with microorganism strains.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the green vegetation layer is arranged as:
the area where the water flooding time is more than 120 days is a hydrophilic area, and submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in a mixed manner;
the area with the water flooding time of more than 60 days and less than 120 days is a wet area, and emergent aquatic plants and hygrophytes are planted in a mixed mode;
and the area with the water flooding time less than 60 days is an adjacent water area, and wet plants and shore plants are planted in a mixed mode.
9. The method for remediating vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir as defined in claim 8, wherein a connection pile is installed at the upper end of the partition frame, and the cover net is provided with a connection ring detachably sleeved with the connection pile.
10. The method for restoring vegetation in a hydro-fluctuation belt of a reservoir according to claim 9, wherein the method for removing the planting bags comprises:
after the covering net is removed, the connecting buckle is opened, the fixing belt is pulled out, the upper cover leaf is pulled, and the planting bag is pulled out along the gaps between the layered soil and the separation frame.
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| CN202010676904.1A CN111771632B (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt vegetation restoration method |
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| CN202010676904.1A CN111771632B (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt vegetation restoration method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115262469A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-01 | 广东岭秀科技有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt |
| CN116686465A (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-09-05 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological slope protection method for regulating and storing reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt by combining microorganism solidification with plants |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115262469A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-01 | 广东岭秀科技有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt |
| CN116686465A (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-09-05 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological slope protection method for regulating and storing reservoir hydro-fluctuation belt by combining microorganism solidification with plants |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111771632B (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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