CN111766148B - Tensile test testing device and testing method for stud welding heads with different diameters - Google Patents
Tensile test testing device and testing method for stud welding heads with different diameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN111766148B CN111766148B CN202010680928.4A CN202010680928A CN111766148B CN 111766148 B CN111766148 B CN 111766148B CN 202010680928 A CN202010680928 A CN 202010680928A CN 111766148 B CN111766148 B CN 111766148B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0296—Welds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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Abstract
The invention provides a tensile test device and a tensile test method for stud welding heads with different diameters. The stud welding head plate end fixing structure comprises an installation table, a shell and a fixing piece; the upper end of the shell is provided with a placing table; the motion block in the shell is provided with a second through hole, a first rack is arranged in the second through hole, and a first gear on the first adjusting rotating shaft is meshed with the first rack. The clamping structure for the stud end of the stud welding head comprises a clamping shell, a main gear, a bearing, a group of first transmission mechanisms and a plurality of groups of second transmission mechanisms; the main gear is sleeved on the bearing outer ring, and the connecting shaft is fixed with the bearing inner ring; the top of the clamping shell is provided with a connecting plate, and the top of the connecting plate is provided with a threaded column. Aiming at clamping studs with different diameters, in the process that the first transmission mechanism drives the plurality of groups of second transmission mechanisms to move simultaneously through the main gear, the first clamping piece and the second clamping piece move inwards or outwards simultaneously, and the clamping stability is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of stud welding joint mechanical property testing devices, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing the tensile test of stud welding joints with different diameters.
Background
The stud welding is a method of discharging and striking an arc after one end of a stud to be welded is contacted with the surface of a plate or a pipe fitting, and welding is finished under certain pressure for the stud when a contact surface is molten. With the continuous development of high-speed rail technology, the lightweight alloy stud welding method is more and more widely applied to key manufacturing links such as locomotive skins, vehicle body frame structures and the like. Therefore, the demands for stud welding heads and micro-area mechanical property tests thereof are increasing day by day. At present, aiming at the mechanical property detection of a stud welding joint, the lamellar tearing resistance and metallurgical defects of the joint are evaluated mainly by measuring the reduction of area through tests. But the load-displacement curve of stud welding heads with different diameters cannot be obtained quantitatively. Therefore, for different materials to be welded and stud welding heads with different diameters, a device for testing the mechanical properties of the stud welding head is needed to be designed.
There are several patents on weld stud tensile testing.
Patent No. 201320811497.6, grant No. CN203606214U, grant No. 20144.05.21, applicant: shanghai electric power construction and construction plant, patent application: a clamping device for a welding stud tensile test. The device mainly fixes a plate through two pressing plates and a bolt and a nut, and a stud end is directly connected with a travel mechanism of a universal testing machine to complete a tensile test; however, the bolt and nut connection of the device in the fixing process takes long time, and whether the stress of the welding stud sample is uniform or not can not be ensured in the test process. In addition, when the thickness of the plate is larger, the clamping stability cannot be ensured; when a plurality of samples are tested, the time consumption for replacing the samples is long, and the test efficiency is reduced; clamping is difficult for a welding stud sample with a short stud.
There are some patents on clamping studs.
Patent No. 201320663970.0, grant No. CN203566136U, grant No. 20144.04.30, applicant: zhejiang Jili holdings group ltd, inventor: zhao Zhengwei, the issued patent: an adjustable clamping device for a welding stud. The main body of the device is a hollow cylinder, the upper end of the main body is provided with a chute, and a clamping slide block is connected in the chute in a sliding way; the stud is clamped by a sliding clamping slide. However, the clamping hole of the device is fixed, and the stud with larger diameter can not be clamped.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tensile test testing device for stud welding heads with different diameters, which can ensure the stability of fixing and clamping in the process of fixing plate ends with different thicknesses and clamping stud ends with different diameters.
Another object of the present invention is a method for testing stud welds using the above-described testing apparatus.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
the device for testing the stretching test of the stud welding joints with different diameters comprises a stud welding joint plate end fixing structure and a stud welding joint stud end clamping structure;
the stud welding head plate end fixing structure comprises an installation table, a shell and two fixing pieces, wherein the shell is arranged on the installation table; the upper end of the shell is provided with a storage plate, and the shell is fixedly connected with the storage plate; a first through hole is formed in the side face of the shell, the first adjusting rotating shaft penetrates through the first through hole, and a moving block is arranged inside the shell; the moving block is provided with a second through hole, a first rack is arranged in the second through hole, the first adjusting rotating shaft penetrates through the first through hole and the second through hole, and a first gear is fixedly connected with the first adjusting rotating shaft positioned in the shell; the first gear is meshed with the first rack; the fixing pieces are of an inverted L shape, two ends of the moving block are respectively and fixedly connected with the lower ends of the two fixing pieces, and the transverse plate at the upper part of each fixing piece is positioned outside the shell and above the object placing plate;
the clamping structure for the stud end of the stud welding head comprises a clamping shell, a main gear, a bearing, a group of first transmission mechanisms and a plurality of groups of second transmission mechanisms; the main gear, the connecting shaft, the first transmission mechanism and the plurality of groups of transmission mechanisms are all positioned in the clamping shell; the bearing is fixed on the clamping shell, the main gear is sleeved on the bearing outer ring, and the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the bearing inner ring; the top of the clamping shell is provided with a connecting plate, the top of the connecting plate is provided with a threaded column, and the threaded column is fixedly connected with the connecting plate;
the first transmission mechanism comprises two first supporting plates, a first clamping piece, a first transmission rack and a screw rod; two sides of the first clamping piece are provided with first sliding grooves, one ends of the two first supporting plates are respectively embedded in the first sliding grooves on the two sides of the first clamping piece, and the other ends of the two first supporting plates are fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell; the upper surface or the lower surface of the first clamping piece is provided with inclined teeth; the first transmission rack is provided with a helical tooth part and a straight rack part; the inclined tooth part on the first transmission rack is meshed with the inclined teeth on the first clamping piece, and the straight rack part on the first transmission rack is meshed with the main gear; the first transmission rack is sleeved on the screw rod and is in threaded connection with the screw rod; one end of the screw rod is fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell, and the other end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with a second adjusting rotating shaft;
each group of second transmission mechanisms comprises two second supporting plates, a second clamping piece, a second transmission rack and a shaft; two sides of the second clamping piece are provided with second sliding grooves, one ends of the two second supporting plates are respectively embedded in the second sliding grooves on the two sides of the second clamping piece, and the other ends of the two second supporting plates are fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell; the upper surface or the lower surface of the second clamping piece is provided with helical teeth; the second transmission rack is provided with a helical tooth part and a straight rack part; the inclined tooth part on the second transmission rack is meshed with the inclined teeth on the second clamping piece, and the straight rack part on the second transmission rack is meshed with the main gear; the second transmission rack is sleeved on the shaft; wherein both ends of the shaft are fixed to the inner wall of the clamping case.
Wherein, the two fixing pieces are distributed in bilateral symmetry and are arranged oppositely; a fourth through hole is formed in the clamping shell, and the second adjusting rotating shaft penetrates through the fourth through hole; a third through hole is formed in the position, opposite to the clamping shell, of the first clamping piece; and a fifth through hole is formed at the position of the second clamping piece, which is opposite to the clamping shell.
The method for testing the stud welding joints by using the stud welding joint tensile test testing device with different diameters comprises the following operation steps:
fixing the mounting table on a dovetail groove stud of the universal testing machine;
the first adjusting rotating shaft is rotated anticlockwise, the first adjusting rotating shaft drives the first gear to rotate, the moving block moves upwards, and the moving block drives the fixing piece to move upwards, so that the transverse plate at the upper part of the fixing piece is separated from the object placing plate, and a sample placing space is reserved above the object placing plate;
after the stud welding head sample is placed on the object placing plate, the first adjusting rotating shaft is rotated along the needle, so that the moving block and the fixing piece move downwards together, and the transverse plate on the upper portion of the fixing piece presses the stud welding head plate end portion of the stud welding head sample;
the second adjusting rotating shaft is rotated clockwise, the screw rod fixedly connected with the second adjusting rotating shaft is driven to rotate axially simultaneously in the axial rotating process of the second adjusting rotating shaft, the first transmission rack moves linearly along the axial direction of the screw rod, and the first clamping piece meshed with the helical teeth of the first transmission rack moves outwards along the first sliding groove in the axial linear movement process of the first transmission rack;
when the first clamping piece slides outwards, the straight teeth on the first transmission rack drive the main gear to rotate; in the rotation process of the main gear, second transmission racks of a plurality of groups of second transmission mechanisms are driven to simultaneously do linear motion along the shaft; in the process of linear motion of the second transmission rack, the helical teeth on the second transmission rack drive the second clamping pieces of the multiple groups of second transmission mechanisms to simultaneously move outwards along the second sliding grooves;
after the first clamping piece and the plurality of second clamping pieces move outwards, a space with a central position is reserved;
aligning the stud end of the stud welding sample to the space of the central position, and anticlockwise rotating the second adjusting rotating shaft to enable the first clamping piece and the plurality of second clamping pieces to move inwards to clamp the stud part of the stud welding sample;
after the stud welding joint sample is fixed, the threaded column is connected with the working end of a universal testing machine, load and displacement signals are respectively measured by using a load and displacement sensor carried by the universal testing machine, a load-displacement curve is drawn, and the tensile test of the stud welding joint sample is completed.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the fixed in-process of stud welding head panel end, the motion piece can be fixed to the panel of different thickness with the mounting in-process of up-and-down motion, has solved among the prior art because of the thick great problem that can't stably fix of board.
2. Aiming at clamping studs with different diameters, in the process that a first transmission mechanism drives a plurality of groups of second transmission mechanisms to move simultaneously through a main gear, a first clamping piece and a plurality of second clamping pieces move inwards or outwards simultaneously, and the clamping stability of the studs is ensured; the problem of can't adjust the centre gripping to the double-screw bolt of different diameters among the prior art is solved, application scope is extensive.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a stud welding joint tensile test testing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stud weld joint tensile test apparatus according to the present invention in full section;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first gear and a first rack of the stud welding joint tensile test testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of stud clamping of the stud welding head tensile test testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a stud clamp of the stud welding head tensile test testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first support plate and a first clamping member of the stud welding head tensile test testing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a half-section structure of a first support plate and a first clamping member of the stud welding joint tensile test device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a lead screw and a first transmission rack of the stud welding joint tensile test testing device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of a stud weld joint specimen;
FIG. 10 is a load-displacement graph of the tensile test results of the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1-mounting a table; 2-a housing; 3-clamping the shell; 4-a bearing; 5-connecting a plate; 6-a threaded post; 7-a fixing member; 8-a storage plate; 9-a first via; 10-a first adjusting rotation axis; 11-a first rack; 12-a motion block; 13-a first gear; 14-a second via; 15-a first support plate; 16-a first clamp; 17-a connecting shaft; 18-a third through-hole; 19-a fourth via; 20-a second adjusting rotation axis; 21-a screw mandrel; 22-a first drive rack; 23-a main gear; 24-a second clamp; 25-a second support plate; 26-a second drive rack; 27-axis; 28-fifth through hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the invention provides a tensile test device for stud welding joints with different diameters, which comprises a stud welding joint plate end fixing structure and a stud welding joint stud end clamping structure.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stud welding head plate end fixing structure comprises an installation table 1, a shell 2 and two fixing pieces 7, wherein the shell 2 is arranged on the installation table 1, the installation table 1 is connected with a dovetail groove of a universal testing machine through a stud, an object placing plate 8 is arranged at the upper end of the shell 2, and the shell 2 is fixedly connected with the object placing plate 8; a first through hole 9 is formed in the side face of the shell 2, and a first adjusting rotating shaft 10 penetrates through the first through hole 9; as shown in fig. 3, a moving block 12 is provided inside the housing 2; the moving block 12 is provided with a second through hole 14, and a first rack 11 is arranged in the second through hole 14; the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 penetrates through the first through hole 9 and the second through hole 14, and the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 positioned in the shell 2 is fixedly connected with a first gear 13; the first gear 13 is meshed with the first rack 11; the fixing pieces 7 are of an inverted L shape, two ends of the moving block 12 are respectively fixedly connected with the lower ends of the two fixing pieces 7, and the transverse plate on the upper portion of the fixing pieces 7 is located outside the shell 2 and above the object placing plate 8.
The working principle of the stud welding head plate end fixing structure is as follows: after the mounting table 1 is fixed on a dovetail groove stud of a universal testing machine, a first adjusting rotating shaft 10 is rotated, and in the rotating process of the first adjusting rotating shaft 10, a first gear 13 fixedly connected with the first adjusting rotating shaft rotates along with the first adjusting rotating shaft, and a first rack 11 moves upwards or downwards; the moving block 12 and the fixing member 7 move upward or downward in synchronization with the first rack 11. This structure is adjusted portably at fixed in-process, and the fixed process plate atress of assurance that mounting 7's type of falling L symmetrical structure can be fine is even.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the stud end clamping structure of the stud welding head comprises a clamping shell 3, a main gear 23, a bearing 4, a set of first transmission mechanisms and a plurality of sets of second transmission mechanisms; the main gear 23, the connecting shaft 17, the first transmission mechanism and the plurality of groups of transmission mechanisms are all positioned inside the clamping shell 3; the bearing 4 is fixed on the clamping shell 3, the main gear 23 is sleeved on an outer ring of the bearing 4, and the connecting shaft 17 is fixedly connected with an inner ring of the bearing 4; the top of the clamping shell 3 is provided with a connecting plate 5, the top of the connecting plate 5 is provided with a threaded column 6, and the threaded column 6 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 5.
As shown in fig. 4, 5, 6 and 7, the first transmission mechanism includes two first support plates 15, a first clamping member 16, a first transmission rack 22 and a lead screw 21; two sides of the first clamping piece 16 are provided with first sliding grooves, one ends of the two first supporting plates 15 are respectively embedded in the first sliding grooves on the two sides of the first clamping piece 16, and the other ends of the two first supporting plates 15 are fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell 3; the upper surface or the lower surface of the first clamping piece 16 is provided with inclined teeth; the first transmission rack 22 is provided with a helical tooth part and a straight rack part; the helical tooth part on the first transmission rack 22 is meshed with the helical teeth on the first clamping piece 16, and the straight rack part on the first transmission rack 22 is meshed with the main gear 23; as shown in fig. 8, the first transmission rack 22 is sleeved on the screw rod 21, and the two are connected by screw thread; wherein, one end of the screw 21 is fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell 3, and the other end is fixedly connected with a second adjusting rotating shaft 20.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, each set of second transmission mechanisms includes two second support plates 25, a second clamping member 24, a second transmission rack 26 and a shaft 27; second sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the second clamping piece 24, one ends of the two second supporting plates 25 are respectively embedded in the second sliding grooves in the two sides of the second clamping piece 24, and the other ends of the two second supporting plates 25 are fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell 3; the upper surface or the lower surface of the second clamping piece 24 is provided with oblique teeth; the second transmission rack 26 is provided with a helical tooth part and a straight rack part; the helical tooth part on the second transmission rack 26 is meshed with the helical teeth on the second clamping piece 24, and the straight rack part on the second transmission rack 26 is meshed with the main gear 23; the second transmission rack 26 is sleeved on the shaft 27; wherein both ends of the shaft 27 are fixed to the inner wall of the clamping shell 3.
The second clamping member 24 and the second support plate 25 have the same structure as the first clamping member 16 and the first support plate 15.
The working principle of the stud end clamping structure of the stud welding head is as follows: the screw rod 21 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the second adjusting rotating shaft 20, and the first transmission rack 22 moves linearly along the screw rod 21 in the rotating process of the screw rod 21; meanwhile, the straight teeth on the first transmission rack 22 drive the main gear 23 to rotate; during the rotation of the main gear 23 about the bearing 4, all the second transmission racks 26 rotate therewith; the second driving rack 26 moves linearly along the shaft 27; during the simultaneous linear movement of the first driving rack 22 and all the second driving racks 26, the first clamping member 16 and the second clamping member 24 move outwards or inwards simultaneously along the sliding groove; during movement, the first and second clamping members 16, 24 may protrude from the third and fifth through- holes 18, 28, respectively. The main advantage of the structure is that only the second adjusting rotating shaft 20 needs to be rotated in the adjusting process, so that the whole structure can be driven to clamp or loosen the stud end of the stud welding head; the third through hole 18 and the fifth through hole 28 ensure that the structure can be used for clamping studs with different diameters, and the applicability of the device is improved.
The two fixing pieces 7 are distributed in bilateral symmetry and are arranged oppositely; a fourth through hole 19 is formed in the clamping shell 3, and a second adjusting rotating shaft 20 penetrates through the fourth through hole 19; a third through hole 18 is formed at the position of the first clamping piece 16, which is opposite to the clamping shell 3; the second clamping member 24 has a fifth through hole 28 facing the clamping shell 3.
The method for testing the tensile test of the stud welding heads with different diameters by using the welding head tensile test device comprises the following operation steps:
fixing the mounting table 1 on a dovetail groove stud of a universal testing machine;
the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 is rotated anticlockwise, the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 drives the first gear 13 to rotate, the moving block 12 moves upwards, the moving block 12 drives the fixing piece 7 to move upwards, the transverse plate on the upper portion of the fixing piece 7 is separated from the object placing plate 8, and a sample placing space is reserved above the object placing plate 8;
after placing the stud welding joint sample on the object placing plate 8, rotating the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 along the needle, so that the moving block 12 and the fixing member 7 move downwards together, and the transverse plate on the upper part of the fixing member 7 presses the stud welding joint plate end part of the stud welding joint sample;
the second adjusting rotating shaft 20 is rotated clockwise, in the rotating process of the second adjusting rotating shaft 20, the screw rod 21 fixedly connected with the second adjusting rotating shaft is driven to rotate simultaneously, the first transmission rack 22 moves linearly along the axial direction of the screw rod 21, and in the axial linear motion process of the first transmission rack 22, the first clamping piece 16 meshed with the helical teeth of the first transmission rack 22 moves outwards along the first sliding groove;
when the first clamping piece 16 slides outwards, the straight teeth on the first transmission rack 22 drive the main gear 23 to rotate; in the rotation process of the main gear 23, the second transmission racks 26 of the multiple groups of second transmission mechanisms are driven to simultaneously move linearly along the shaft 27; in the process of the linear motion of the second transmission rack 26, the helical teeth on the second transmission rack 26 drive the second clamping members 24 of the multiple groups of second transmission mechanisms to move outwards along the second sliding grooves at the same time:
the first clamping member 16 and the plurality of second clamping members 24 leave a space in the center position after moving outwards;
aligning the stud end of the stud welding sample to the space of the central position, and rotating the second adjusting rotating shaft 20 anticlockwise to enable the first clamping piece 16 and the plurality of second clamping pieces 24 to move inwards to clamp the stud part of the stud welding sample;
after the stud welding joint sample is fixed, the threaded column 6 is connected with the working end of a universal testing machine, load and displacement signals are respectively measured by using a load and displacement sensor carried by the universal testing machine, a load-displacement curve is drawn, and the tensile test of the stud welding joint sample is completed.
Test of
The stud of the stud welding joint used in the test is a stainless steel stud, and the plate is a red copper plate; the size of the red copper plate is 2mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 15mm, the diameter of the 304 stainless steel stud is 2mm, the chemical composition of the stainless steel stud is shown in table 1, and the chemical composition of the red copper plate is shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of stainless steel stud (mass fraction,%)
Table 2 chemical composition of copper plate (mass fraction,%)
The tensile test process of the stud welding joint is as follows:
and polishing the red copper plate and wiping the red copper plate with acetone before welding so as to reduce the air hole defects in the welding seam. The test adopts a contact type stud welding method, and the stud welding machine is of the type: FNS-1000, the welding voltage is 105V, constant load is kept between the stud welding nail and the red copper plate for 100N, then welding is carried out, and the schematic diagram of the obtained sample is shown in FIG. 9;
the mounting table in the stud welding head plate fixing structure is fixed on a dovetail groove of a universal testing machine by adopting bolt connection; the type of the universal testing machine is as follows: AG-IS-10KN;
the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 is rotated anticlockwise, the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 drives the first gear 13 to rotate, the moving block 12 moves upwards, the moving block 12 drives the fixing piece 7 to move upwards, the transverse plate on the upper portion of the fixing piece 7 is separated from the object placing plate 8, and a sample placing space is reserved above the object placing plate 8 according to the thickness of the stud welding head plate end being 2 mm;
after placing the stud welding joint sample on the object placing plate 8, rotating the first adjusting rotating shaft 10 along the needle, so that the moving block 12 and the fixing member 7 move downwards together, and the transverse plate on the upper part of the fixing member 7 presses the stud welding joint plate end part of the stud welding joint sample;
the second adjusting rotating shaft 20 is rotated clockwise, in the rotating process of the second adjusting rotating shaft 20, the screw rod 21 fixedly connected with the second adjusting rotating shaft is driven to rotate simultaneously, the first transmission rack 22 moves linearly along the axial direction of the screw rod 21, and in the axial linear motion process of the first transmission rack 22, the first clamping piece 16 meshed with the helical teeth of the first transmission rack 22 moves outwards along the first sliding groove;
while the first clamping piece 16 slides outwards, the straight teeth on the first transmission rack 22 drive the main gear 23 to rotate; in the rotation process of the main gear 23, the second transmission racks 26 of the multiple groups of second transmission mechanisms are driven to simultaneously move linearly along the shaft 27; in the process of the linear motion of the second transmission rack 26, the helical teeth on the second transmission rack 26 drive the second clamping members 24 of the multiple groups of second transmission mechanisms to simultaneously move outwards along the second sliding grooves;
after the first clamping piece 16 and the plurality of second clamping pieces 24 move outwards, a space at the central position is reserved according to the diameter of the stud end of the stud welding head being 2 mm;
aligning the stud end of the stud welding sample to the space of the central position, and rotating the second adjusting rotating shaft 20 anticlockwise to enable the first clamping piece 16 and the plurality of second clamping pieces 24 to move inwards to clamp the stud part of the stud welding sample;
after the stud welding joint sample is fixed, the threaded stud 6 is connected with the working end of the universal testing machine;
in the stretching process, the displacement is controlled at 0.1mm/min, quasi-static loading is kept, and a load and displacement sensor measures the load and the displacement in the test process;
and 9, analyzing test data:
the load-displacement curve is drawn by the obtained load and displacement data, as shown in fig. 10, it can be seen from the graph that the load is increased along with the increasing displacement, and when the maximum displacement of the stud welding head is 1.73mm, the breaking load is 2999.531N.
Claims (6)
1. Different diameter stud welding head tensile test testing arrangement, its characterized in that: the device comprises a stud welding head plate end fixing structure and a stud welding head stud end clamping structure;
the stud welding head plate end fixing structure comprises an installation table (1), a shell (2) and two fixing pieces (7), wherein the shell (2) is arranged on the installation table (1); the upper end of the shell (2) is provided with an object placing plate (8), and the shell (2) is fixedly connected with the object placing plate (8); a first through hole (9) is formed in the side face of the shell (2), a first adjusting rotating shaft (10) penetrates through the first through hole (9), and a moving block (12) is arranged inside the shell (2); the moving block (12) is provided with a second through hole (14), a first rack (11) is arranged in the second through hole (14), the first adjusting rotating shaft (10) penetrates through the first through hole (9) and the second through hole (14), and the first adjusting rotating shaft (10) positioned in the shell (2) is fixedly connected with a first gear (13); the first gear (13) is meshed with the first rack (11); the fixing pieces (7) are inverted L-shaped, two ends of the moving block (12) are respectively and fixedly connected with the lower ends of the two fixing pieces (7), and the transverse plate at the upper part of each fixing piece (7) is positioned outside the shell (2) and above the storage plate (8);
the clamping structure for the stud end of the stud welding head comprises a clamping shell (3), a main gear (23), a bearing (4), a group of first transmission mechanisms and a plurality of groups of second transmission mechanisms; the main gear (23), the connecting shaft (17), the first transmission mechanism and the multiple groups of transmission mechanisms are all positioned inside the clamping shell (3); the bearing (4) is fixed on the clamping shell (3), the main gear (23) is sleeved on an outer ring of the bearing (4), and the connecting shaft (17) is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the bearing (4); a connecting plate (5) is arranged at the top of the clamping shell (3), a threaded column (6) is arranged at the top of the connecting plate (5), and the threaded column (6) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (5);
the first transmission mechanism comprises two first supporting plates (15), a first clamping piece (16), a first transmission rack (22) and a screw rod (21); first sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the first clamping piece (16), one ends of the two first supporting plates (15) are respectively embedded in the first sliding grooves in the two sides of the first clamping piece (16), and the other ends of the two first supporting plates (15) are fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell (3); the upper surface or the lower surface of the first clamping piece (16) is provided with helical teeth; the first transmission rack (22) is provided with a helical tooth part and a straight rack part; the helical tooth part on the first transmission rack (22) is meshed with the helical teeth on the first clamping piece (16), and the straight rack part on the first transmission rack (22) is meshed with the main gear (23); the first transmission rack (22) is sleeved on the screw rod (21) and is in threaded connection with the screw rod; one end of the screw rod (21) is fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell (3), and the other end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with a second adjusting rotating shaft (20);
each group of second transmission mechanisms comprises two second supporting plates (25), a second clamping piece (24), a second transmission rack (26) and a shaft (27); second sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the second clamping piece (24), one ends of the two second supporting plates (25) are respectively embedded in the second sliding grooves in the two sides of the second clamping piece (24), and the other ends of the two second supporting plates (25) are fixed on the inner wall of the clamping shell (3); the upper surface or the lower surface of the second clamping piece (24) is provided with helical teeth; the second transmission rack (26) is provided with a helical tooth part and a straight rack part; the oblique tooth part on the second transmission rack (26) is meshed with the oblique teeth on the second clamping piece (24), and the straight rack part on the second transmission rack (26) is meshed with the main gear (23); the second transmission rack (26) is sleeved on the shaft (27); wherein both ends of the shaft (27) are fixed to the inner wall of the clamping shell (3).
2. The tension test device for stud welding joints with different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two fixing pieces (7) are distributed in bilateral symmetry and are arranged oppositely.
3. The tension test device for stud welding joints with different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a fourth through hole (19) is formed in the clamping shell (3), and a second adjusting rotating shaft (20) penetrates through the fourth through hole (19).
4. The tension test device for stud welding joints with different diameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a third through hole (18) is formed at the position of the first clamping piece (16) opposite to the clamping shell (3).
5. The tension test device for stud welding joints with different diameters according to claim 1, wherein: and a fifth through hole (28) is formed at the position of the second clamping piece (24) opposite to the clamping shell (3).
6. The method for testing stud welding joints by using the tensile test device for stud welding joints with different diameters, which is disclosed by claim 1, comprises the following operation steps:
step 1, connecting a universal testing machine dovetail groove with the device:
fixing the mounting table (1) on a dovetail groove stud of a universal testing machine;
step 2, reserving a space for placing a stud welding joint sample:
the first adjusting rotating shaft (10) is rotated anticlockwise, the first adjusting rotating shaft (10) drives the first gear (13) to rotate, the moving block (12) moves upwards, the moving block (12) drives the fixing piece (7) to move upwards, the transverse plate at the upper part of the fixing piece (7) is separated from the object placing plate (8), and a sample placing space is reserved above the object placing plate (8);
step 3, fixing the stud welding head plate end:
after the stud welding head sample is placed on the object placing plate (8), the first adjusting rotating shaft (10) is rotated along the needle, so that the moving block (12) and the fixing piece (7) move downwards together, and the transverse plate on the upper portion of the fixing piece (7) presses the end portion of the stud welding head plate of the stud welding head sample;
step 4, reserving a clamping space at the stud end of the stud welding head:
the second adjusting rotating shaft (20) is rotated clockwise, in the axial rotating process of the second adjusting rotating shaft (20), the screw rod (21) fixedly connected with the second adjusting rotating shaft is driven to rotate axially at the same time, the first transmission rack (22) moves linearly along the axial direction of the screw rod (21), and in the axial linear moving process of the first transmission rack (22), the first clamping piece (16) meshed with the helical teeth of the first transmission rack (22) moves outwards along the first sliding groove;
when the first clamping piece (16) slides outwards, the straight teeth on the first transmission rack (22) drive the main gear (23) to rotate; in the rotating process of the main gear (23), second transmission racks (26) of a plurality of groups of second transmission mechanisms are driven to simultaneously do linear motion along the shaft (27); in the process of linear movement of the second transmission rack (26), the helical teeth on the second transmission rack (26) drive the second clamping pieces (24) of the multiple groups of second transmission mechanisms to simultaneously move outwards along the second sliding grooves;
after the first clamping piece (16) and the plurality of second clamping pieces (24) move outwards, a space with a central position is reserved;
step 5, clamping the stud end of the stud welding head:
aligning the stud end of the stud welding sample to the space of the central position, and rotating a second adjusting rotating shaft (20) anticlockwise so that a first clamping piece (16) and a plurality of second clamping pieces (24) move inwards to clamp the stud part of the stud welding sample;
step 6, connecting the working end of the universal testing machine:
after the stud welding joint sample is fixed, the threaded column (6) is connected with the working end of a universal testing machine, load and displacement signals are respectively measured by using a load and displacement sensor carried by the universal testing machine, a load-displacement curve is drawn, and the tensile test of the stud welding joint sample is completed.
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