CN111764938A - Construction method of waste rock crushing chamber of 40m below slipping system engineering - Google Patents
Construction method of waste rock crushing chamber of 40m below slipping system engineering Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a waste rock crushing chamber of a 40m below slipping system engineering, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: constructing three small patios in the crushing chamber to the top of the chamber; step two: after the small patio is tunneled, tunneling a connection channel between patios; step three: excavating and supporting a vault of the waste rock crushing chamber; step four: after arch crown digging is finished, the lower part of the crushing chamber is constructed by adopting a positive step method; step five: the chamber is permanently supported by reinforced concrete. The invention has simple whole construction process and high working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mining, in particular to a construction method of a waste rock crushing chamber of an ore slipping crushing system engineering with the size of less than 40 m.
Background
The slipping system is a common project in the mining field, the working efficiency is not high in the existing slipping system sub-foundation construction process, the construction period is long, especially for slipping systems below 40 meters, foundation construction is carried out below 40 meters, the working efficiency is not high, and the safety index of workers is reduced. In the construction of the slipping system, a crushing chamber sometimes exists, the construction needs to be carried out in the crushing chamber, the existing crushing chamber construction mode is simple, and the effect after the construction is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the slipping system engineering with simple implementation and high working efficiency and less than 40 m.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a construction method of a waste rock crushing chamber of a 40m below slipping system engineering comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing three small patios in the crushing chamber to the top of the chamber;
step two: after the small patio is tunneled, tunneling a connection channel between patios;
step three: excavating and supporting a vault of the waste rock crushing chamber;
step four: after arch crown digging is finished, the lower part of the crushing chamber is constructed by adopting a positive step method;
step five: the chamber is permanently supported by reinforced concrete.
In the construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the slip-breaking system engineering below 40m, in the first step, the height of a small patio is 11m, the distance between adjacent patios is 5m, a reverse patio method is adopted for construction, and one-time roadway forming is carried out; drilling holes by adopting a rock drill, and paying off by a technician every time a cannon is tunneled to ensure the perpendicularity of the raise; when a gun is tunneled for one time, an anchor rod I is drilled on the well wall, a ladder is hung on the anchor rod I and fixed on the anchor rod I, and people can get on and off; and (3) drilling anchor rods II on two opposite surfaces of the well wall 2 meters away from the driving working surface, paving wood plates on the anchor rods II to serve as a rock drilling working platform, and drilling anchor rods III on the platform to serve as a next stubble cannon hanging ladder and a frame platform.
In the second step, because the distance between the two patios is only 5m, each patio joint channel can be communicated by digging a cannon by using 3m steel drill rods, in order to ensure that the gangue naturally falls and the personnel can conveniently walk, the drilling angle is controlled to be 45 degrees, a funnel is formed after the connection channels between the small patios are communicated, in order to ensure the safety of the exit and entrance of the connection channels, the personnel on and off the small patio in west or east of the cave are reserved each time, the size of the small patio is 2m and 2m, the personnel on and off are convenient, and the crawling ladder and the safety guardrail are arranged in the small patio to facilitate the personnel on and off.
In the third step, after the funnel is formed and a constructor brushes the arch crown to be large, the constructor stands on the slag pile and chisels holes by adopting a rock drill, expands and brushes the arch crown part from the reverse layer to the upward direction in an inclined way, and the brushing large angle is 45 degrees in order to ensure that the slag stones are naturally put down; and (4) performing temporary support when the vault is constructed to the designed top plate, then performing tunneling work of the next cycle, and performing permanent support when the vault excavation is finished by about 5 m.
In the fourth step, wall expanding and brushing are carried out from top to bottom, the chamber is pushed from the slag pouring side to the slag discharging side in a segmented and layered expanding and brushing mode, the layered height is not more than 2m, the segment length is not more than 10m, the explosive amount of blasting each time is not more than 40kg, temporary support must be carried out after each expanding and brushing mode, the temporary support height is not more than 2m each time, and the end wall is well supported when the expanding and brushing are carried out to the end wall of the chamber.
In the construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the slip-breaking system engineering with the size of less than 40m, in the fifth step, the reinforced concrete permanent support of the chamber specifically comprises the following steps:
5-1) steel bar construction:
the construction of broken chamber steel bars is carried out before the construction of concrete, after the steel bars are completely bound, the operation of stable-mould masonry concrete is carried out, the binding sequence of the steel bars is carried out, the frame binding → the main bar encryption → the stirrup binding → the bracing fixing sequence is carried out continuously, the binding platforms are erected along with the increase of the binding height, the platforms are erected in layers by adopting frame pipes and fasteners, the height of each layer of platform is not more than 2m, the platform is firmly braced to a chamber side bang by using bracing rods, bamboo springboards are bound on the platforms, and the platforms are reinforced by 50mm thick wood boards at intervals;
5-2) template and mold stabilization;
the wall part adopts a building template with the length of 1.2m or 1.5m multiplied by the width of 0.3m or 0.2m multiplied by 0.05m, the arch part adopts a channel steel arch tire and an arch tire plate erecting die, the arch tire is processed by not less than 20# channel steel according to the shape reduction of the chamber arch part by 50mm, the arch tire plate is made of 8# channel steel and has the length of 1 m;
the wall part adopts frame pipe stable formwork, the number of the vertical rods is 1 per meter, the distance between the cross rods is not more than 1.5m, the support rods are fixed on the platform frame pipe, the formwork is bound on the vertical rods, the height of the stable formwork is not more than 1m each time, and the two sides are symmetrically irrigated in a stable mode; 4-6 frames of arch tires of the arch are stably erected each time, and the arch tires are fixed by round steel support rods;
5-3) building concrete:
the concrete is constructed by pumping concrete, the concrete is marked with a concrete label C25, a mining concrete delivery pump is arranged at a selected position outside the underground chamber for delivery, a centralized stirring station is built on the ground, a JS750 stirrer is adopted for stirring, a concrete tanker is adopted for transporting the materials to the position of a well bottom delivery pump, and the materials are directly poured into the delivery pump for delivery;
5-4) removing the mold and maintaining.
In the construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the slip-breaking system engineering below 40m, in the step 5-3), the HBTS30-8-30K type mining conveying pump is selected as the conveying pump, and the maximum horizontal conveying distance is 300 m; the maximum vertical conveying distance is 90 m; the pipe diameter of the conveying pipe is 125mm, and the conveying capacity is 30m 3/h; the maximum conveying aggregate is 40 mm; the concrete slump range is 120-160.
The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the slip-crushing system engineering with the size of less than 40m comprises the following concrete pumping process in the step 5-3):
a. before pumping concrete, adjusting the oil quantity of a main oil pump to be maximum, adding enough water into a hopper, and running for 10 minutes in an empty state, and checking whether the system pressure, a stirring device and the pumping action are normal or not;
b. the pipeline is lubricated by mortar, the dosage of the pipeline is 0.5m3/200m, the mixing ratio of the sand to the cement is 1: 1, the discharge capacity of an oil pump is adjusted to be minimum when the mortar is pumped, and the pumped concrete is poured after the mortar is pumped.
In the construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the slip-breaking system engineering below 40m, in the step 5-3), in the process of pumping concrete,
if the concrete entering the hopper has a separation phenomenon, stopping pumping, and pumping after uniformly stirring; in the concrete conveying process, the pump materials are kept above the stirring axis;
if the shutdown time exceeds 30-40 minutes, removing the concrete from the pump and the conveying pipe, when the pumping of the concrete vertically upwards is interrupted and the pumping is carried out again, firstly carrying out a reverse pump to suck the concrete in the separating valve back to the hopper, and then carrying out positive pumping after stirring;
in the pumping process, if the pressure of pumping is suddenly increased or the conveying pipeline vibrates, a reverse pump button is opened to enable the pump to reversely pump for 2-3 strokes, and then the reverse pump button is closed to enable the pumping to continue; or knocking the easy-to-block part of the conical pipe and the bent pipe by a wooden hammer, and stopping the machine to perform pipe blocking treatment if the continuous operation is carried out for a plurality of times and the pumping pressure is not returned to normal;
the temperature of the hydraulic oil is noticed in the pumping process, and when the temperature of the oil rises to 70 ℃, the machine is stopped immediately for cooling treatment;
after the concrete pumping operation is finished every time, the concrete remained in the cylinder, in the pipeline and on the machine frame shell is cleaned and flushed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of firstly, constructing three small patios to the top of a crushing chamber; after the small patio is tunneled, tunneling a connection channel between patios; then carrying out vault excavation and supporting of the waste rock crushing chamber; after arch crown digging is finished, the lower part of the crushing chamber is constructed by adopting a positive step method; and finally, carrying out permanent supporting on the reinforced concrete in the chamber, wherein the whole construction process is simple and the working efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of three small patios constructed to the top of the chamber in the invention.
Fig. 3 is a view from i-i in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a view ii-ii of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The waste rock crushing chamber of the ore slipping system engineering below 40m of 400 ten thousand/a second-stage mining engineering of Yuxi Dahongshan mining company Limited is taken as an example below. A waste rock crushing chamber project of a slipping system project below 40m of 400-kiloton/a second-stage mining project of Yuxi Dahongshan mining company Limited is connected with a large channel at the west side, is connected with a waste rock ore bin at the east side, is connected with a power transformation chamber and a return air connecting channel at the north side, is connected with a crushing foundation at the lower part, and has the central coordinates of X =65311.924 and Y = 64636.486. The chamber is 11.53m high, 8.3m wide and 15.8m long, and is designed to be a partial double-layer reinforced C25 concrete permanent support and a plain C25 concrete permanent support, and the support thickness is 0.4 m. Because the chamber is large, in order to ensure the safety in the construction process, excavation and supporting are carried out in different times. According to the revealed rock condition, rock fractures develop, a fault exists in the middle, and the hardness coefficient f of the surrounding rock is about 10.
The construction conditions are determined before construction as follows:
1. power supply: the power is built up from a 340m distribution chamber of a second-stage project, the power is led to a 0m transformer chamber transformer through a slope way and a large piece way, and then the power is connected to an opening point working surface through the transformer, the lap joint distance is about 2400m, and the cable suspension mode is the same as the water supply pipe suspension mode.
2. Illumination: A36V running light transformer is arranged in the working face of the chamber to provide low-voltage power for illumination, 2 36V searchlights are installed, and each operator is provided with a lithium battery miner light for illumination.
3. Pressing air: 240 m3 pressure fans are installed at the wellhead of the waste rock skip shaft, and the pressure fans are connected to the crushing chamber through a return air channel through the waste rock skip shaft. The main compressed air pipe is a seamless steel pipe with the diameter of phi 108 multiplied by 4. The working surface adopts a hose and is provided with an air distributor.
4. Water supply: water is received from a 100m fork of the second-stage slope way, and the lap joint distance of the main pipe is about 900 m. The method is characterized in that a phi 70mm PVC pipe is used as a main water supply pipeline, the pipeline is drilled by an impact electric drill and is suspended by an iron wire with a pre-embedded cement expansion screw (existing pipeline piles can be utilized), the pipeline suspension is neat, joints are tightly connected without water leakage, and a working face water supply pipe adopts 1-minute PVC pipe for water supply.
5. Draining: construction sewage is discharged to a temporary water sump of 180m along a slope, the length of a drain pipeline is about 1800m, the construction water is mainly used for a drilling machine due to small water discharge during construction, and steel pipes with the diameter of 70mm multiplied by 3.5mm are arranged along the slope for draining.
6. And (3) gangue discharge and transportation: and (3) discharging the waste rock by matching a loader with a transport vehicle: the gangue is transported to a 0M ore bin of a waste rock skip well, then transported to the ground by the skip and then transported to a gangue unloading place appointed by an owner by an east windmill. The construction material is transported to the working face from the ground through a slope, and the total transport distance is 21 Km.
7. Ventilating: when the crushing chamber raise construction is carried out, a 5.5kw fan is adopted to be provided with a 600mm rubber wind tube as a wind guide facility as well as a compressed air tube for assisting ventilation as the depth of the raise is within 10 m.
When the arch part of the crushing chamber is excavated, natural ventilation between the patios is utilized, and a fan of 5.5kw is used as a standby ventilation facility.
8. Geological survey work in construction: the construction survey professional must be familiar with the relevant construction drawing, checking and calculating the relevant data of the survey, and make a survey design scheme on the basis of carefully accepting the survey data and the stake provided by the owner. And making daily measurement according to the detailed measurement. Attention is paid to arrangement and collection of related mapping data, actual measurement drawings and original records so as to be handed over to an owner after the project is completed.
In the construction process, geological work is highly emphasized, and safety prevention technical measures are taken according to the change of geological conditions so as to correctly guide construction.
As shown in fig. 1, a construction method of a waste rock crushing chamber of a 40m below slipping system engineering comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: three small patios are constructed in the crushing chamber to the top of the chamber, and the three small patios are shown as 1, 2 and 3 in figure 2.
The height of each small patio is 11m, the distance between every two adjacent patios is 5m, construction is carried out by adopting a reverse patio method, and a roadway is formed at one time; drilling holes by using a YSP45 upward rock drill, and paying off by technicians every time a cannon is tunneled to ensure the perpendicularity of a raise; drilling an anchor rod I on a well wall every time a cannon is tunneled, hanging a ladder on the anchor rod I, fixing the ladder on the anchor rod I, and carrying out personnel going up and down, wherein the ladder is processed by phi 16 deformed steel, and is 2 meters in height and 0.3 meter in width; and (3) drilling anchor rods II on two opposite surfaces of the well wall 2 meters away from the driving working surface, paving wood plates on the anchor rods II to serve as a rock drilling working platform, and drilling anchor rods III on the platform to serve as a next stubble cannon hanging ladder and a frame platform.
Step two: and after the small patios are tunneled, connecting channels among the patios are tunneled, so that the three small patios form three funnels.
Because the distance between every two day shafts is only 5m, each courtyard channel can be communicated by a cannon which is driven by 3m steel drill, in order to ensure that the gangue naturally falls and the personnel can conveniently walk, the drilling angle is controlled at 45 degrees, a funnel is formed after the communication channels between the small courtyards are communicated, in order to ensure the access safety of the communication channels, the personnel on and off the small courtyard at west or east of the chamber are reserved every time, the specification of the small courtyard is 2m x 2m, and in order to facilitate the personnel on and off, the crawling ladder and the safety guardrail are arranged in the small courtyard to facilitate the personnel on and off.
Step three: and excavating and supporting the vault of the waste rock crushing chamber.
After the funnel is formed, when a constructor brushes the arch crown to be large, the constructor stands on a slag pile and uses a rock drill to chisel the hole, the arch crown part is obliquely upwards expanded and brushed from a reverse layer to a layer, and the brushing angle is 45 degrees in order to ensure that slag stones are naturally placed downwards; in the brushing process, the slag discharge amount of the lower opening of the funnel is determined according to the slag discharge amount below the operation surface, and in order to ensure safety, the upper part is strictly forbidden to operate in the lower slag discharge process; and (4) performing temporary support when the vault is constructed to the designed top plate, then performing tunneling work of the next cycle, and performing permanent support when the vault excavation is finished by about 5 m.
Step four: and after the vault excavation is finished, constructing the lower part of the crushing chamber by adopting a positive step method.
The wall expanding brush is carried out from top to bottom, the wall expanding brush is pushed from the chamber slag pouring side to the slag discharging side in a segmented and layered mode, the layered height is not more than 2m, the segmented length is not more than 10m, the explosive quantity of blasting at each time is not more than 40kg, personnel operation is convenient (the ballast surface is not less than 1m of the expanding brush operation surface), after expanding brush at each time, temporary support must be carried out, the temporary support height is not more than 2m at each time, and the end wall is temporarily supported when the expanding brush is carried out to the chamber end wall.
Step five: the chamber is permanently supported by reinforced concrete.
5-1) steel bar construction:
broken chamber bar construction is gone on before the concrete construction, the whole ligatures back of reinforcing bar, carry out steady mould masonry concrete operation, the bar reinforcement order, frame ligature → main reinforcement is encrypted → stirrup ligature → the continuous ligature construction of the fixed order of propping, reinforcing bar overlap joint length and protective layer thickness accord with the regulation requirement, erect the ligature platform along with the increase of ligature height, adopt frame pipe and fastener layering to erect the platform, every layer of platform height is not more than 2m, the platform props firm chamber border with the vaulting pole, ligature bamboo springboard and interval are consolidated with 50mm plank on the platform.
5-2) template and mold stabilization;
the wall part adopts a building template with the length of 1.2m or 1.5m multiplied by the width of 0.3m or 0.2m multiplied by 0.05m, the arch part adopts a channel steel arch tire and an arch tire plate erecting die, the arch tire is processed by not less than 20# channel steel according to the shape reduction of the chamber arch part by 50mm, the arch tire plate is made of 8# channel steel and has the length of 1 m;
the wall part adopts frame pipe stable formwork, the number of the vertical rods is 1 per meter, the distance between the cross rods is not more than 1.5m, the support rods are fixed on the platform frame pipe, the formwork is bound on the vertical rods, the height of the stable formwork is not more than 1m each time, and the two sides are symmetrically irrigated in a stable mode; the arch portion arch tire is stably erected for 4-6 frames each time, and the arch tires are fixed by round steel support rods.
5-3) building concrete:
the concrete is constructed by pumping concrete, the concrete is marked with the number C25, a concrete delivery pump for mining is arranged at a selected position outside the underground chamber for delivery, a centralized stirring station is built on the ground, a JS750 stirrer is used for stirring the materials, a concrete tanker is used for transporting the materials to the position of the well bottom delivery pump, and the materials are directly poured into the delivery pump for delivery.
A. Selection of type of delivery pump
Selecting an HBTS30-8-30K type mining delivery pump, wherein the parameters are as follows: the maximum horizontal conveying distance is 300 m; the maximum vertical conveying distance is 90 m; the pipe diameter of the conveying pipe is 125mm, and the conveying capacity is 30m 3/h; the maximum conveying aggregate is 40 mm; the concrete slump range is 120-160.
B. Concrete pumping process
a. Before pumping concrete, the oil quantity of the main oil pump can be adjusted to the maximum, the hopper is filled with enough water to run for 10 minutes, and whether the system pressure, the stirring device and the pumping action are normal or not is checked.
b. The pipeline is lubricated by mortar before pumping concrete, the dosage of the pipeline is 0.5m3/200m, the mixing ratio of the pipeline to the mortar is 1: 1 (sand to cement), the discharge capacity of an oil pump is adjusted to be minimum when the mortar is pumped, and after the mortar is pumped, the concrete is poured into the pipeline (the discharge capacity is adjusted to a proper position and determined according to the site).
c. When pumping concrete, the slump fluctuation of the concrete is not too large (the variation range is not more than 15%), if the slump of the concrete is too low, water cannot be directly added into the hopper for stirring, cement mortar (the water cement ratio of the cement mortar is the same as that of the concrete) is added into the stirrer for uniform stirring, and then the cement mortar is discharged into the stirring hopper.
d. And if the concrete entering the hopper has a separation phenomenon, stopping pumping, and pumping after uniformly stirring. If the aggregate is seriously separated and mortar in the hopper is seriously insufficient, removing part of the aggregate, adding the mortar and stirring again; when necessary, the concrete in the hopper and the distributing valve is completely removed.
e. The operator of the front hose should be contacted when starting or stopping pumping concrete. The bending radius of the front end hose is larger than 1 meter, so that an operator cannot stand at the discharge port of the hose, and the condition that the pipeline suddenly sprays concrete to hurt people is prevented.
f. In the concrete conveying process, the pump materials are kept above the stirring axis, so that air suction and material-free pumping are not allowed, and the concrete is prevented from flying out of the hopper at a high speed to hurt machines and nearby personnel.
g. If the pumping is suspended for a long time, the pump is started every 4-5 minutes, the pump is reversely pumped for 2-3 strokes and then is positively pumped for 2-3 strokes, so that the concrete in the pipe is prevented from bleeding and condensing. If the shutdown time exceeds 30-40 minutes (depending on the air temperature and the slump), the concrete is preferably removed from the pump and the conveying pipe, and the concrete with small slump needs to be strictly paid attention. When the pumping is interrupted and the concrete is pumped again, the reverse pump is firstly carried out to suck the concrete in the separating valve back to the hopper, and the concrete is pumped by the positive pump after being stirred.
h. In the pumping process, if the pressure of pumping is suddenly increased or the conveying pipeline vibrates, the reverse pump button is immediately turned on to reversely pump the pump for 2-3 strokes, and then the reverse pump button is turned off to continue pumping; or knocking parts which are easy to block, such as a conical pipe, a bent pipe and the like, by using a wooden hammer, if the continuous operation is carried out for a plurality of times, the pumping pressure is still too high, and the machine needs to be stopped for pipe blocking treatment.
i. The temperature of the hydraulic oil should be constantly noticed in the pumping process, when the temperature of the oil rises to 70 ℃, the machine should be stopped immediately, cooling treatment is carried out, and pumping can be continued after the temperature of the oil is reduced.
j. When the pump machine is operated, the handle is strictly prevented from extending into the hopper or the dispensing valve is grasped by hands, and the square grids on the hopper cannot be randomly removed.
k. The pressure of the hydraulic system cannot be adjusted at will, and the pressure of the energy accumulator needs to be released after the operation is finished.
And l, after concrete pumping work is finished every time, cleaning and washing the concrete remained in the cylinder, in the pipeline and on the machine frame shell.
m, equipment is required to be checked, cleaned and maintained after work, and the purposes of tidiness, cleanness, lubrication and safety are achieved.
C. Pouring concrete
The wall portion is irrigated by adopting a chamber bilateral symmetry layered concrete irrigation mode, the layered height is 300-400 mm, the layered irrigation interval time is not more than the initial setting time of concrete, an electric vibrating spear is adopted for fully vibrating, and the vibrating spear avoids reinforcing steel bars and templates as far as possible.
Every 3 ~ 5 moulds of arch portion are watered once, and the baffle is established to the tip to ensure that the concrete watering is closely knit, have to add the continuous watering of baffle, in order to prevent to cause the local place watering of arch portion not in place, cause the empty roof phenomenon.
5-4) removing the mold and maintaining.
In order to accelerate the construction speed and protect the built concrete, the arch wall formwork can be temporarily not disassembled, only the middle table and the support are disassembled, then the next cycle construction is continued, and the formwork is disassembled after the concrete reaches a certain strength.
The concrete is maintained according to the situation, and if the roadway is drenched, the concrete is naturally maintained. Otherwise, watering and maintaining according to the regulations.
Claims (9)
1. A construction method of a waste rock crushing chamber of a 40m below slipping system engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing three small patios in the crushing chamber to the top of the chamber;
step two: after the small patio is tunneled, tunneling a connection channel between patios;
step three: excavating and supporting a vault of the waste rock crushing chamber;
step four: after arch crown digging is finished, the lower part of the crushing chamber is constructed by adopting a positive step method;
step five: the chamber is permanently supported by reinforced concrete.
2. The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the slip breaking system engineering below 40m as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the small patios are 11m high, the adjacent patios are 5m apart, the construction is carried out by adopting a reverse patio method, and one-time roadway formation is carried out; drilling holes by adopting a rock drill, and paying off by a technician every time a cannon is tunneled to ensure the perpendicularity of the raise; when a gun is tunneled for one time, an anchor rod I is drilled on the well wall, a ladder is hung on the anchor rod I and fixed on the anchor rod I, and people can get on and off; and (3) drilling anchor rods II on two opposite surfaces of the well wall 2 meters away from the driving working surface, paving wood plates on the anchor rods II to serve as a rock drilling working platform, and drilling anchor rods III on the platform to serve as a next stubble cannon hanging ladder and a frame platform.
3. The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the below 40m chute system engineering as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, because the distance between two day wells is only 5m, each of the patio gangways can be penetrated by a 3m steel drill, in order to ensure that the gangue naturally falls and the personnel can walk conveniently, the drilling angle is controlled at 45 degrees, a funnel is formed after the gangways between the small patios are penetrated, in order to ensure the safety of the gangways, the personnel on and off the small patio in west or east of the chamber are reserved each time, the size of the small patio is 2m, in order to facilitate the personnel on and off, the personnel on and off are convenient by installing a ladder stand and a safety barrier in the small patio.
4. The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber for the systematic engineering of breaking through below 40m as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, after the funnel is formed, when the constructor brushes the vault to a large size, the constructor stands on the heap and uses the rock drill to bore the vault, and the vault part is expanded and brushed from the reverse direction layer by layer and upwards, and the brush angle is 45 ° in order to ensure the natural downward movement of the sediment
An angle; and (4) performing temporary support when the vault is constructed to the designed top plate, then performing tunneling work of the next cycle, and performing permanent support when the vault excavation is finished by about 5 m.
5. The method for constructing the waste rock crushing chamber of the below 40m chute system engineering as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the wall expanding brush is conducted from top to bottom and is pushed from the slag pouring side of the chamber to the slag discharging side in a segmented and layered mode, the layered height is not more than 2m, the segmented length is not more than 10m, the explosive amount of each blasting is not more than 40kg, after each expanding brush, temporary support must be conducted, the temporary support height is not more than 2m each time, and the end wall is temporarily supported when the end wall of the chamber is expanded and brushed.
6. The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the below 40m chute system engineering as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the reinforced concrete permanent support of the chamber specifically comprises the following steps:
5-1) steel bar construction:
the construction of broken chamber steel bars is carried out before the construction of concrete, after the steel bars are completely bound, the operation of stable-mould masonry concrete is carried out, the binding sequence of the steel bars is carried out, the frame binding → the main bar encryption → the stirrup binding → the bracing fixing sequence is carried out continuously, the binding platforms are erected along with the increase of the binding height, the platforms are erected in layers by adopting frame pipes and fasteners, the height of each layer of platform is not more than 2m, the platform is firmly braced to a chamber side bang by using bracing rods, bamboo springboards are bound on the platforms, and the platforms are reinforced by 50mm thick wood boards at intervals;
5-2) template and mold stabilization;
the wall part adopts a building template with the length of 1.2m or 1.5m multiplied by the width of 0.3m or 0.2m multiplied by 0.05m, the arch part adopts a channel steel arch tire and an arch tire plate erecting die, the arch tire is processed by not less than 20# channel steel according to the shape reduction of the chamber arch part by 50mm, the arch tire plate is made of 8# channel steel and has the length of 1 m;
the wall part adopts frame pipe stable formwork, the number of the vertical rods is 1 per meter, the distance between the cross rods is not more than 1.5m, the support rods are fixed on the platform frame pipe, the formwork is bound on the vertical rods, the height of the stable formwork is not more than 1m each time, and the two sides are symmetrically irrigated in a stable mode; 4-6 frames of arch tires of the arch are stably erected each time, and the arch tires are fixed by round steel support rods;
5-3) building concrete:
the concrete is constructed by pumping concrete, the concrete is marked with a concrete label C25, a mining concrete delivery pump is arranged at a selected position outside the underground chamber for delivery, a centralized stirring station is built on the ground, a JS750 stirrer is adopted for stirring, a concrete tanker is adopted for transporting the materials to the position of a well bottom delivery pump, and the materials are directly poured into the delivery pump for delivery;
5-4) removing the mold and maintaining.
7. The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the below 40m chute system engineering as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step 5-3), the transportation pump is selected from HBTS30-8-30K type mining transportation pumps, and the maximum horizontal transportation distance is 300 m; the maximum vertical conveying distance is 90 m; the pipe diameter of the conveying pipe is 125mm, and the conveying capacity is 30m 3/h; the maximum conveying aggregate is 40 mm; the concrete slump range is 120-160.
8. The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the below 40m chute system engineering as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step 5-3), the concrete pumping process comprises:
a. before pumping concrete, adjusting the oil quantity of a main oil pump to be maximum, adding enough water into a hopper, and running for 10 minutes in an empty state, and checking whether the system pressure, a stirring device and the pumping action are normal or not;
b. the pipeline is lubricated by mortar, the dosage of the pipeline is 0.5m3/200m, the mixing ratio of the sand to the cement is 1: 1, the discharge capacity of an oil pump is adjusted to be minimum when the mortar is pumped, and the pumped concrete is poured after the mortar is pumped.
9. The construction method of the waste rock crushing chamber of the below 40m chute system engineering as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step 5-3), during the concrete pumping process,
if the concrete entering the hopper has a separation phenomenon, stopping pumping, and pumping after uniformly stirring; in the concrete conveying process, the pump materials are kept above the stirring axis;
if the shutdown time exceeds 30-40 minutes, removing the concrete from the pump and the conveying pipe, when the pumping of the concrete vertically upwards is interrupted and the pumping is carried out again, firstly carrying out a reverse pump to suck the concrete in the separating valve back to the hopper, and then carrying out positive pumping after stirring;
in the pumping process, if the pressure of pumping is suddenly increased or the conveying pipeline vibrates, a reverse pump button is opened to enable the pump to reversely pump for 2-3 strokes, and then the reverse pump button is closed to enable the pumping to continue; or knocking the easy-to-block part of the conical pipe and the bent pipe by a wooden hammer, and stopping the machine to perform pipe blocking treatment if the continuous operation is carried out for a plurality of times and the pumping pressure is not returned to normal;
the temperature of the hydraulic oil is noticed in the pumping process, and when the temperature of the oil rises to 70 ℃, the machine is stopped immediately for cooling treatment;
after the concrete pumping operation is finished every time, the concrete remained in the cylinder, in the pipeline and on the machine frame shell is cleaned and flushed.
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