CN115030556A - Method for repairing and reinforcing exposed brick exterior wall old building - Google Patents
Method for repairing and reinforcing exposed brick exterior wall old building Download PDFInfo
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- CN115030556A CN115030556A CN202210855884.3A CN202210855884A CN115030556A CN 115030556 A CN115030556 A CN 115030556A CN 202210855884 A CN202210855884 A CN 202210855884A CN 115030556 A CN115030556 A CN 115030556A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
- E04G23/0222—Replacing or adding wall ties
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D37/00—Repair of damaged foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0203—Arrangements for filling cracks or cavities in building constructions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0296—Repairing or restoring facades
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/04—Propping of endangered or damaged buildings or building parts, e.g. with respect to air-raid action
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building repair, and discloses a method for repairing and reinforcing an old building of an exposed brick outer wall, which comprises the following steps: s1, repairing the exposed wall of the brick; s2, dismantling the partition wall of the old building roof; s3, building a buttress structure system, and supporting the outer wall in the step S1; s4, removing the connecting member, and plugging the air hopper part by using the ganged brick; s5, protecting and reinforcing the rubble foundation of the old building; s6, reconstructing the roof and the indoor structure, wherein the reconstruction foundation adopts a raft foundation and is connected with a rubble foundation, and a reconstruction frame structure is tied with the outer wall; and S7, removing the buttress structure system. The bare brick outer wall is reserved as an outer skin, a buttress structure system is adopted to support the outer wall during reconstruction, the raft foundation with strong integrity and the original rubble foundation are connected into a whole in the interior, and the reconstruction frame and the outer wall are tied into a whole during the reconstruction in the interior, so that the structural strength of the reconstructed building is increased, and the commercialized requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building repair, in particular to a method for repairing and reinforcing an old building of a clear water brick outer wall.
Background
With the development and planning of cities, as the times of the ages are long and the exterior wall bricks are exposed for a long time, the weathering of the exterior walls of some old buildings is serious, the clay masonry material adopted by the original building has no strength, the exterior wall bricks of old residential buildings need to be protectively repaired, and some old residential buildings are updated to modern electric business settlement commercial buildings. In order to keep the characteristics and the style of the external wall of a regional resident building, continue the urban characteristic wind cap, inherit the historical context of the city and promote the green development concept, the current complete external wall of an old resident building needs to be kept for an updated commercial building, and the roof, the indoor structure and the like are rebuilt.
For example, patent with publication number CN111042570B discloses a method for repairing and constructing a fresh water brick wall of an ancient building, which combines modern materials and technologies with a traditional construction process under the condition of not destroying the original wall foundation and keeping the historical original appearance of part of the wall, and calculates the wall load, designs a structure beam pair, reinforces the wall foundation, and re-disassembles and repairs the local part of the wall, so that the old wall of the ancient building repairing is more stable, durable and has more complete historical appearance.
The method for repairing and constructing the brick wall of the ancient building realizes the repair of the brick wall, but the old building of the existing brick wall is mostly a rubble foundation and brick mixed structure, the foundation bearing capacity of the brick wall can not meet the requirement of the updated commercial building, the weathering of the brick wall is serious, the clay masonry material adopted by the original building has no strength, and therefore, the brick wall of the old residential building needs to be protectively repaired, and meanwhile, the wall needs to be reinforced, and the roof, the indoor structure and the like are rebuilt to meet the commercial requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the method for repairing and reinforcing the exposed wall old building of the bare brick is provided, so that the exposed wall old building is protectively repaired and reinforced, a roof, an indoor structure and the like are reconstructed, and the commercialized requirements are met.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a method for repairing and reinforcing an old building of a bare brick outer wall, which comprises the following steps: s1, repairing the exposed wall of the brick; s2, removing the partition wall of the old building roof, and performing rain-proof protection on the wall body of the reserved part; s3, building a wall supporting structure system, and supporting the outer wall in the step S1 after the partition wall is removed by using the wall supporting structure system; s4, dismantling the connecting member between the partition wall in the step S2 and the outer wall in the step S1, and plugging the air hopper part by using the gangway brick; s5, performing protection treatment on the rough stone foundation of the old building, wherein the protection treatment comprises the steps of sealing the surface of the rough stone foundation and performing grouting and joint filling on the inner gap of the rough stone foundation, arranging ground beams on the inner side and the outer side of the rough stone foundation for reinforcement, and connecting the ground beams on the inner side and the outer side through pin keys; s6, rebuilding the roof and the indoor structure, wherein the rebuilding foundation adopts a raft foundation and is connected with the rubble foundation in the step S5, the rebuilding frame structure is tied with the outer wall in the step S1, and the rebuilding outer wall is built by using water bricks; and S7, dismantling the buttress structure system in the step S3 to finish the renovation and reinforcement of the old building.
Preferably, step S1 includes: s1.1, building a construction operation frame on the outer side of the exposed brick outer wall for repair construction, wherein the height of the construction operation frame is 1200mm above the building height, and jointing by adopting a joint mixture added with iron oxide with a proportion of 5%; s1.2, removing the plastering surface on the inner side of the outer wall, removing the inner side structure of the outer wall of the ganged brick, performing reinforcement construction on the inner side foundation of the outer wall, and performing repair construction on the inner side of the outer wall of the ganged brick; s1.3, locally removing the wall body on the inner side of the original lintel position at the top of the exposed brick outer wall door and window, arranging a steel lintel, arranging a supporting steel plate at the bottom of the steel lintel, inserting the supporting steel plate into the bottom of the original lintel, inserting the steel lintel and the supporting steel plate into the wall bodies on two sides of the door and window, and blocking the risk between the steel lintel and the exposed brick by adopting mortar.
Preferably, in the step S1.1, the construction operation frame is erected by adopting steel pipes, the frame foundation is poured by adopting concrete, and the construction operation frame is pulled and tied with the wall by adopting the steel pipes and the buckles at the door and window openings of the exposed wall of the bare brick; during jointing operation, the original mortar joint shale soil is removed to 30mm depth, an air compressor is used for blowing the mortar joint clean, tap water is used for spraying the surface of the wall to moisten the wall, plain cement paste is squeezed into the mortar joint by using jointing equipment, and then jointing is completed.
Preferably, in step S1.2, when the foundation on the inner side of the outer wall is reinforced, ash cakes are made along the inner side of the outer wall, tap water is sprayed on the surface of the wall to wet the wall, a steel wire mesh is fully hung, polymer mortar is used for leveling, the forming process is adopted for two times, then carbon fiber cloth is laid, and mortar is used for protection.
Preferably, in step S2, the roof is removed from top to bottom, the roof tiles, the rafters and the purlins are removed in sequence, and the top of the wall at the remaining part is provided with a roof-pressing ring beam for rain protection.
Preferably, in step S3, the buttress structure system includes a bar foundation, a tie beam steel structure disposed on the bar foundation, and a fixing frame connected to the outer wall in S1, the fixing frame includes channel steels disposed on the inner and outer sides of the outer wall and a through bolt connecting the channel steels on the two sides, the bottom of the tie beam steel structure is supported on the bar foundation, and the side of the tie beam steel structure is connected to the fixing frame.
Preferably, in step S3, performing foundation excavation work on the strip foundation after the replacement of the mortar joints of the outer wall of S1 is completed, pouring concrete, completing the pre-embedding work of the profile steel upright post embedded part before the pouring of the concrete, and maintaining for 7 days after the pouring of the concrete is completed; all the contact channel steel of the contact beam steel structure is welded, and the contact beam steel structure is connected with the fixed frame and the strip foundation by bolts; the mount is formed by vertical extension and the vertical channel-section steel of horizontal interval arrangement and the horizontal channel-section steel of connection between vertical channel-section steel on the wall body of a plurality of, and horizontal interval between the vertical channel-section steel is not more than 1.5m, and mount and wall body contact site set up flexible buffer structure.
Preferably, step S5 includes: s5.1, firstly excavating earthwork on two sides of the rubble foundation, adopting a mode of excavating from the strip foundation to the outside, wherein the width of the excavated earthwork is 2.7m, and manually excavating the earthwork within a range of 500mm from the rubble foundation; s5.2, cleaning soil on the surface of the rubble foundation and in the gap, and treating the rubble foundation with a cleaning agent 1: 3, plugging rubble gaps by cement mortar, arranging grouting holes in the upper part of the rubble foundation, performing pressure grouting by adopting the pressure of 0.2MPa after the cement mortar plugged by the rubble gaps is solidified, and sealing the grouting holes after grouting is completed; s5.3, drilling holes in the pin key part on the rubble foundation in advance, reserving holes of the pin key on the newly-added surrounding sleeve and the ground beam, reinforcing the rubble foundation by using the newly-added surrounding sleeve, arranging the ground beam on the inner side and the outer side of the newly-added surrounding sleeve, taking the ground beam on the inner side of the newly-added surrounding sleeve as the foundation of the newly-added concrete column, connecting the rubble foundation and the ground beam by using the pin key, and simultaneously connecting the pin key with the raft foundation in the step S6.
Preferably, in step S5.3, grouting holes are reserved at the pin hole positions on the rubble foundation, and grouting material is adopted for secondary filling after the pin construction is completed.
Preferably, in step S6, the raft foundation has the same elevation as the rubble foundation, and the raft foundation is connected with the ground beam and the pin key through the planting bars; the reconstructed frame structure comprises frame columns and frame beams, wherein the frame columns and the frame beams are tied with the reserved outer wall through dowel bars; the reconstructed frame column adopts a three-side formwork construction process, the other side of the frame column utilizes the reserved outer wall surface as a template, and a support system is additionally arranged on the outer side of the reserved wall body; when the external wall is built again, iron oxide yellow with the proportion of 5 percent is doped into the mortar as a coloring agent, and when the cavity wall is built, the heat-insulating mortar is filled in the gap.
Compared with the prior art, the method for repairing and reinforcing the exposed wall old building of the water brick has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of repairing the exposed brick outer wall, keeping the exposed brick outer wall as an outer skin of an old building, protecting the kept outer wall through rain protection during dismantling, avoiding the strength influence of the outer wall caused by rainwater irrigation, performing joint filling and sealing protection on a rubble foundation, reinforcing the rubble foundation by using a ground beam and a pin key, supporting the outer wall by using a buttress structure system during reconstruction, improving the strength of the outer wall by plugging an air funnel part, dismantling a roof and an internal partition wall, internally connecting a raft foundation with a raw rubble foundation into a whole by using a raft foundation with stronger integrity, and then forming the whole by pulling a reconstruction frame and the outer wall during internal reconstruction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the repair of the positions of the door and window lintels of the method for repairing and reinforcing the old buildings of the exterior wall of the bare bricks;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wall supporting structure system of the method for repairing and reinforcing the old exposed wall of the bare brick of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the method for repairing and reinforcing the rough stone foundation in the exposed wall old building of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reconstruction frame structure and a drawknot structure of a ganged brick outer wall of the method for repairing and reinforcing the old building of the ganged brick outer wall of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a reconstruction formwork of the method for repairing and reinforcing the old building of the exterior wall of the bare brick.
In the figure, 1, a steel lintel; 2. door and window openings; 3. a support steel plate; 4. a bare brick outer wall; 5. a strip foundation; 6. a tie beam structure; 61. bracing; 7. a fixed mount; 71. vertical channel steel; 72. horizontal channel steel; 73. penetrating a bolt; 8. a ground beam; 9. a pin key; 10. newly adding a surrounding sleeve; 11. a raft foundation; 12. inserting ribs; 13. a frame beam; 14. a frame column; 15. a wood base plate; 16. wood purlin; 17. a horizontal bar; 18. h-shaped steel columns; 19. an adjustable support, 20 and a vertical rod.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
According to the preferred embodiment of the method for repairing and reinforcing the old building of the bare brick outer wall, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the method for repairing and reinforcing the old building of the bare brick outer wall is used for repairing and reinforcing the old building of a rubble strip-shaped foundation 5, a bare brick outer wall 4 and a roof with wood purlins and wood eaves structures, so that the appearance of the old residential building is kept, and the requirement of modern commercialization can be met.
The method for repairing and reinforcing the exposed wall old building comprises the following steps:
s1, repairing the exposed wall 4 of the brick for use in the old building; s2, removing the partition wall of the old building roof, and performing rain-proof protection on the wall body of the reserved part; s3, building a wall supporting structure system, and supporting the outer wall in the step S1 after the partition wall is removed by using the wall supporting structure system; s4, dismantling the connecting member between the partition wall in the step S2 and the outer wall in the step S1, and plugging the air hopper part by using the gangway brick; s5, performing protection treatment on the rough stone foundation of the old building, wherein the protection treatment comprises the steps of sealing the surface of the rough stone foundation and performing grouting and joint filling on the inner gap of the rough stone foundation, arranging the ground beams 8 on the inner side and the outer side of the rough stone foundation for reinforcement, and connecting the ground beams 8 on the inner side and the outer side through pin keys 9; s6, rebuilding the roof and the indoor structure, wherein the rebuilt foundation adopts a raft foundation 11 and is connected with the rubble foundation in the step S5, the rebuilt frame structure is tied with the outer wall in the step S1, and the rebuilt outer wall is built by using water-free bricks; and S7, dismantling the buttress structure system in the step S3 to finish the renovation and reinforcement of the old building.
In step S1, when the bare brick outer wall 4 is repaired, the main component of the original bare brick wall masonry bonding material is shale soil, the strength is low, and the original mortar joint bonding material needs to be replaced. The mortar joint adhesive material is replaced by adopting a gap filler on site, and 5% of yellow iron oxide is added into the gap filler to imitate the original masonry adhesive material, so that the replaced mortar joint can keep the original building style and has the effect close to the original mortar joint. The existing repairing process can also be adopted for repairing the bare brick outer wall 4.
In step S2, the existing house has low structural strength, so that all partition walls are dismantled and only the external wall 4 of the ganged brick is reserved to improve the building strength after the repair. The existing roof has no heat-insulating waterproof structure, the stress points of the roof are all transverse partition walls, the construction sequence when the roof is dismantled is opposite to the construction sequence, specifically, roof tiles are dismantled → wood eaves are dismantled → wood purlins are dismantled → partition walls are dismantled.
After the original roof is dismantled, the wall of the reserved part is protected from rain, and the outer wall of the reserved part can be protected from being affected by rainwater irrigation. And C25 fair-faced concrete is adopted for pouring before concrete pouring is carried out on subsequent reconstruction to ensure that no slurry leakage pollutes the wall surface.
In step S3, after the roof and all partition walls are removed, the remained bare brick outer wall 4 is lack of support, the stability of the bare brick outer wall 4 can be influenced, a wall supporting structure system is built, the stability of the system is utilized to support the outer wall outside the old building, and the outer wall can be prevented from being inclined and damaged. In this embodiment, the buttress structure is steel.
In step S4, after the partition wall and the wall surface are removed, part of the connecting members are of metal structures, and need to be removed for reconstruction. Adopt artifical + mechanical cooperation to accomplish indoor structure in this embodiment and demolish, indoor partition wall adopts the rope saw to cut with keeping the outer wall connection position, and cutting department wall body empty bucket position adopts the clear water brick to carry out the shutoff.
In step S5, the old building adopts a rubble foundation structure to protect and reinforce the original rubble foundation, so as to meet the stress requirements of the new overground component.
In this embodiment, the original rubble basis of trapezoidal cross-section of 4 lower parts of residential building ganged brick outer wall, the length of upper limit is 150mm, the length of lower limit is 350mm, and height 1000mm, rubble basis adopt irregular stone material to build and form, do not use bonding material between the rubble, have more gaps. The surface of the rubble foundation is sealed, the internal gap is compacted, grouting and joint filling are carried out, the original rubble foundation can be protected, and damage is avoided.
All set up the grade beam 8 in the inside and outside both sides of rubble basis and consolidate, the grade beam 8 of inside and outside both sides passes through cotter 9 to be connected, can increase the stability of rubble basis.
In step S6, raft foundation 11 has mature process and convenient structure manufacture, and can increase the stability of the repaired building after being connected with the original rubble foundation into a whole. The main structure of rebuilding is newly-built two-layer frame construction, and antidetonation level four, and the inclined roof adopts concrete structure, coats the little blue and white roofing on, and the design service life is 30 years after the transformation, and building height 8.90 m.
The exterior wall of the old building can be completely maintained or partially maintained, and in the embodiment, the old building maintains the three-side brick-faced exterior wall 4. The raft foundation 11 built inside is connected with the rubble foundation of the old building, the frame structure is built and the outer wall is reserved in a pulling mode, and integrity and stability of the reserved structure and the reconstructed structure are guaranteed. And after the construction of the reconstruction frame is finished, reconstructing the unreserved bare brick outer wall 4 by using the original bare bricks according to the building style of the old black bricks.
Preferably, step S1 includes: s1.1, building a construction operation frame on the outer side of the bare brick outer wall 4 for repair construction, wherein the height of the construction operation frame is 1200mm above the building height, and jointing by adopting a joint mixture added with iron oxide with a proportion of 5%; s1.2, removing the plastering surface on the inner side of the outer wall, removing the inner side structure of the exposed brick outer wall 4, reinforcing the foundation on the inner side of the outer wall, and then performing repair construction on the inner side of the exposed brick outer wall 4; s1.3, locally removing the wall body on the inner side of the original lintel position at the top of the exposed brick outer wall 4 door window, arranging a steel lintel 1, arranging a supporting steel plate 3 at the bottom of the steel lintel 1, inserting the supporting steel plate 3 into the bottom of the original lintel, inserting the steel lintel 1 and the supporting steel plate 3 into the wall bodies on two sides of the door window, and blocking the risk between the steel lintel 1 and the exposed brick by adopting mortar.
S1.1, the construction operation frame is arranged at the position 300mm outside the bare brick outer wall 4, when meeting the door and window opening 2, the steel pipe and the fastener are utilized to draw the frame body and the wall body, the frame body is erected to have the height of 1200mm above the building height, and the green dense mesh net is fully hung outside the outer frame.
In this embodiment, the size of the door opening of the original ganged brick outer wall 4 is 900mm × 2400mm, the size of the window opening is 1000mm × 1500mm, part of the door and window openings 2 are widened by 100 mm-300 mm, and the widened door and window openings are restored by using the original ganged bricks, so that the sizes of the door and window openings 2 are the same.
And S1.3, repairing the original door and window, restoring the texture of the door and window, and ensuring the uniformity of the outer vertical surface. The repairing principle is that the part which is not to be repaired is still made of the bare bricks dismantled in the site, the brick-laying mortar is made of the original mortar joint replacement material, namely, the special gap filler added with 5 percent of yellow iron oxide, and the brick is laid according to the original wall and door and window textures. According to the size of the existing complete door opening, all the 4 door openings of the outer wall of the outer facade fair-faced brick are repaired according to 900mm multiplied by 2400mm, the window opening is repaired according to 1000mm multiplied by 1500mm, and the repaired texture of the outer facade is consistent with the original texture.
The door and window lintel of the old building is a brick lintel, which does not meet the existing requirement of seismic fortification. Demolish the wall body of partial former lintel position, arrange just excessive and just excessive bottom and arrange supporting steel plate 3, can ensure that the lintel structure satisfies the requirement of seismic fortification after transforming, and the door and window lintel adopts the plain brick + steel mixed lintel form in this embodiment, can guarantee facade plain brick lintel effect simultaneously.
In this embodiment, the material of the steel lintel 1 is a square tube with a thickness of 120 × 120 × 3mm, the thickness of the supporting steel plate 3 is 5mm, the supporting steel plate 3 extends into the bottom of the original gangway of the gangway brick for supporting, and the steel lintel 1 and the supporting steel plate 3 extend into the wall bodies at two sides by 300 mm. The gap between the steel lintel 1 and the bare brick is blocked by polymer mortar, so that the tightness of the wall body can be ensured.
Preferably, in the step S1.1, the construction operation frame is erected by using steel pipes, the frame foundation is poured by using concrete, and the construction operation frame is tied with the wall by using steel pipes and buckles at the positions of the door and window openings 2 of the bare brick outer wall 4; during jointing operation, the original mortar joint shale soil is removed to 30mm depth, an air compressor is used for blowing the mortar joint clean, tap water is used for spraying the surface of the wall to moisten the wall, plain cement paste is squeezed into the mortar joint by using jointing equipment, and then jointing is completed.
In the embodiment, a construction operation frame is erected by adopting a phi 48.3 multiplied by 3.0 steel pipe, a frame foundation is cast by adopting C20 plain concrete with the thickness of 80mm for 1m, the width of the frame is 850mm, the longitudinal distance of an upright rod 20 is 1500mm, the step distance of the upright rod 20 is 1800mm, a large cross rod is arranged on the inner side of the upright rod 20 and is placed on a small cross rod, a steel fence net piece is fully paved at the position of each layer of the large cross rod, and the distance between a sweeping rod and the ground is 200 mm.
When pointing operation is carried out, the depth of a seam is 5mm, and the wall surface of the dry wall which is possibly polluted is wiped after the pointing operation is finished; the replacement of the mortar joints requires sectional flow production, and the sectional width is 1500 mm.
Preferably, in step S1.2, when the foundation on the inner side of the outer wall is reinforced, ash cakes are made along the inner side of the outer wall, tap water is sprayed on the surface of the wall to wet the wall, a steel wire mesh is fully hung, polymer mortar is used for leveling, the forming process is adopted for two times, then carbon fiber cloth is laid, and mortar is used for protection.
In this example, the specifications of the ash cakes are 30mm thick × 50mm long × 50mm wide, and the interval between the ash cakes is 1500mm × 1500 mm; leveling by using polymer mortar, and leveling the thickest part of the mortar to be 40mm thick; and after laying the carbon fiber cloth, protecting the carbon fiber cloth by using common mortar with the thickness of 20 mm. After the construction of the reconstruction structure is completed, indoor decoration construction can be carried out.
Preferably, in step S2, the roof is dismantled from top to bottom, the roof tiles, the wooden eaves citrons and the wooden purlins are dismantled in sequence, and the top of the wall body of the reserved part is constructed with a capping ring beam for rain protection.
In the embodiment, the capping ring beam is arranged on the top of the wall body, and the size of the capping ring beam is 240mm multiplied by 240 mm.
Preferably, in step S3, the buttress structure system includes a bar-shaped foundation 5, a tie beam steel structure 6 disposed on the bar-shaped foundation 5, and a fixing frame 7 connected to the outer wall in S1, wherein the fixing frame 7 includes channel steels disposed on the inner and outer sides of the outer wall and a through bolt 73 connecting the channel steels on the two sides, the bottom of the tie beam steel structure 6 is supported on the bar-shaped foundation 5, and the side is connected to the fixing frame 7.
In this embodiment, the dimensions of the strip-shaped base 5 are 400mm × 1500mm × 500mm, and 12 bidirectional loop hoops are arranged in the strip-shaped base 5 at a distance of 3300 mm.
In the present embodiment, the beam steel structure is a double-column double-transverse structure system composed of HW150 × 150 section steel and 14a channel diagonal braces 61, and the system weighs 700kg per roof truss, and is installed by hoisting in advance at a reserved bolt pitch of 3300mm foundation.
In the present embodiment, each linking beam system is composed of an inner profile steel upright and an outer profile steel upright, two horizontal linking beams and three inclined struts 61. The distance between the profile steel upright columns is 1m, the profile steel upright columns are made of H-shaped steel with the specification of HW150 multiplied by 150, and the flat top of the top of each profile steel upright column is horizontally connected with the beam top and is about 3.6m high.
The two horizontal connecting beams are made of H-shaped steel with the specification of HW150 multiplied by 150, and are divided into two sections according to the inner vertical column, one side close to the wall is 2675mm long, and the other side is 850mm long; the uppermost horizontal connecting beam is arranged on the top of the wall, and the horizontal connecting beam is 70mm higher than the top of the reserved wall so as to ensure that the interface of the reserved wall and the top capping beam thereof is positioned in the middle of the top horizontal connecting beam; the lowest horizontal connecting beam is arranged at the position 100mm above the second floor.
The three diagonal braces 61 formed by the 14a channel steel can improve the stability of the supporting unit, the three diagonal braces 61 are distributed at the lower two and the top one, and the two adjacent connected beam systems are integrally formed by using 150 x 150H-shaped steel tie columns.
The fixing frame 7 is connected with the original ganged brick outer wall 4 through channel steel on the inner side and the outer side of the outer wall and the opposite-penetrating bolts 73 for connecting the channel steel on the two sides, so that a whole is formed, and the overall stability of the ganged brick outer wall 4 is guaranteed. The channel-section steel of both sides is fixed through 2M 14 tie horizontal tie beam to wearing bolt 73 through, and the horizontal interval of bolt 480mm to be connected mount 7 and tie beam steel construction 6 as whole.
Preferably, in step S3, the strip foundation 5 performs foundation excavation after the replacement of the mortar joints of the outer wall of S1 is completed, concrete is used for pouring, the pre-embedding of the profile steel upright post embedded parts is completed before the concrete pouring, and the maintenance is performed for 7 days after the concrete pouring is completed; all the contact channel steel of the contact beam steel structure 6 are welded, and the contact beam steel structure 6 is connected with the fixed frame 7 and the strip foundation 5 through bolts; the fixing frame 7 is formed by a plurality of vertical channel steel 71 which vertically extends on the wall body and is horizontally arranged at intervals and horizontal channel steel 72 connected between the vertical channel steel 71, the horizontal distance between the vertical channel steel 71 is not more than 1.5m, and a flexible buffer structure is arranged at the contact part of the fixing frame 7 and the wall body.
The foundation excavation work can be carried out after the mortar joints are replaced on the repaired fair-faced brick outer wall 4, the work efficiency can be improved, C30 concrete is poured when the strip foundation 5 is poured, and the formed steel upright post embedded parts are embedded in advance, so that the phenomenon that the strength of the strip foundation 5 is damaged due to the later-stage hole opening can be avoided.
The bar foundation 5 is provided with a section steel upright column base which is used for being connected with a connecting beam steel structure 6. The base of the section steel upright column adopts a 250X 20 section steel anchor plate, and the bottom of the anchor plate is provided with M24 foundation bolts to form a section steel upright column embedded part; and after the construction of the strip foundation 5 is completed, performing secondary grouting sealing treatment on the bottom of the anchor plate to ensure the tightness of the strip foundation 5.
All adopt welded connection between each tie beam of tie beam steel construction 6, can guarantee the overall stability of tie beam. The connection beam steel structure 6 is connected with the fixing frame 7 and the strip foundation 5 through bolts, so that the connection mode of the connection beam steel structure 6 can be simplified, and the connection beam steel structure is convenient to disassemble.
Welded fastening between vertical channel-section steel 71 and the horizontal channel-section steel 72 of mount 7, horizontal interval between vertical channel-section steel 71 is not more than 1.5m and arranges, when meeting door and window entrance to a cave 2, can suitably reduce this interval, and when vertical channel-section steel 71 met precast floor slab, precast floor slab opened the hole in advance.
The flexible buffer structure is arranged at the contact part of the fixing frame 7 and the wall body, so that the damage of the section steel to the wall body bare bricks at the reserved part can be reduced. In this embodiment, the flexible cushioning structure is a 14mm thick plank sheathing.
Preferably, step S5 includes: s5.1, firstly excavating earthwork on two sides of the rubble foundation, adopting a mode of excavating from the strip foundation to the outside, wherein the width of the excavated earthwork is 2.7m, and manually excavating the earthwork within a range of 500mm from the rubble foundation; s5.2, cleaning soil on the surface of the rubble foundation and in the gap, and treating the rubble foundation with a cleaning agent 1: 3, plugging rubble gaps with cement mortar, arranging grouting holes in the upper parts of the rubble foundations, performing pressure grouting under the pressure of 0.2MPa after the cement mortar plugged in the rubble gaps is solidified, and sealing the grouting holes after grouting is completed; s5.3, drilling holes in the pin keys 9 on the rubble foundation in advance, reserving holes for the pin keys 9 on the newly added enclosing sleeves 10 and the ground beams 8, reinforcing the rubble foundation by using the newly added enclosing sleeves 10, arranging the ground beams 8 on the inner side and the outer side of the newly added enclosing sleeves 10, using the ground beams 8 on the inner sides of the newly added enclosing sleeves 10 as foundations of the newly added concrete column, connecting the rubble foundation and the ground beams 8 by using the pin keys 9, and simultaneously connecting the pin keys 9 with the raft foundation 11 in the step S6.
In this embodiment, when the earthwork on the two sides of the rubble foundation is excavated in step S5.1, the earthwork is excavated from the strip foundation to the outside by adopting manual and mechanical methods and by adopting the layered segmentation, the excavation width is 2.7m, and the damage of the rubble foundation caused by the machines can be avoided by adopting the parts similar to the rubble foundation by adopting the manual excavation.
In the step S5.2, due to the influence of excavation, soil exists on the surface and the gap of the rubble foundation, and the soil is cleaned, so that the subsequent joint filling protection is conveniently carried out on the rubble foundation. In this embodiment, 50mm grouting holes are arranged at 1500mm intervals on the top of the rubble foundation, and the rubble foundation can be guaranteed to be closed at the distance, wherein the grouting adopts epoxy resin grouting material, epoxy resin is used as a main body, and curing agent, diluent, toughening agent and the like are added in a certain proportion and mixed to form the rubble foundation.
And S5.3, before reinforcing the rubble foundation, finishing the protection construction of the rubble foundation in advance, and avoiding damaging the original rubble foundation. In the embodiment, the rubble foundation is reinforced by adding the enclosure 10, and the size of the enclosure 10 is 1m × 1 m. The ground beam 8 is additionally arranged on the inner side of the newly-added enclosure 10 to serve as a foundation of the newly-added concrete column, so that the strength and the stability of a newly-added frame structure foundation can be improved, and in the embodiment, the size of the ground beam 8 on the inner side of the newly-added enclosure 10 is 400mm multiplied by 600 mm.
The rubble foundation is connected with the raft foundation 11 and the ground beam 8 through the pin keys 9, so that the overall stability of the renovation building foundation can be improved. In this embodiment, the pin keys 9 are horizontally arranged, the horizontal distance between two adjacent pin keys 9 is not more than 4m, 16 pin keys 9 are constructed in total, the pin keys 9 are arranged perpendicular to the newly-added enclosure 10 of the rubble foundation, the size of each pin key 9 is 200mm × 400mm, and the size of the ground beam 8 outside the newly-added enclosure 10 is 300mm × 400 mm.
As the pin key 9 needs to penetrate through the rubble foundation, the newly-added surrounding sleeve 10 and the ground beam 8, the hole drilling of the hole at the pin key 9 of the rubble foundation is completed in advance, and the hole is reserved before the newly-added surrounding sleeve 10 and the ground beam 8 are lifted, so that the influence of subsequent hole opening on the strength of the newly-added surrounding sleeve 10 and the ground beam 8 can be avoided. In this embodiment, the size of the hole at the pin key 9 is 300mm × 600 mm.
Preferably, in step S5.3, grouting holes are reserved at the positions of the holes of the pin key 9 on the rubble foundation, and grouting material is adopted for secondary filling after the construction of the pin key 9 is completed.
The holes of the pin keys 9 are filled for the second time, so that the compactness of the concrete at the pin keys 9 in the range of the crude rubble foundation can be ensured. In this embodiment, the size of the grouting hole is 50mm, and the secondary filling is performed by using C40 high-strength grouting material.
Preferably, in step S6, the raft foundation 11 has the same elevation as the rubble foundation, and the raft foundation 11 is connected with the ground beam 8 and the pin key 9 through the planting bars; the reconstructed frame structure comprises frame columns 14 and frame beams 13, wherein the frame columns 14 and the frame beams 13 are tied with the reserved outer wall through dowel bars 12; the reconstructed frame column 14 adopts a three-side formwork construction process, the other side of the frame column utilizes the reserved outer wall surface as a formwork, and a support system is additionally arranged on the outer side of the reserved wall body; when the exterior wall is rebuilt, iron oxide yellow with the proportion of 5% is doped in the mortar to be used as a coloring agent, and when the cavity wall is built, heat-insulating mortar is filled in gaps.
The raft foundation 11 of the reconstruction structure has the same elevation as the rubble foundation, and can ensure that the foundation of the reconstruction part is convenient to tie with the reserved outer wall foundation. When the elevation depth of the original rubble foundation is different, the reconstructed raft foundation 11 is constructed according to the elevation condition of the bottom surface of the rubble foundation and the inclined plane, so as to ensure that the elevations of the new foundation and the old foundation are the same. The raft foundation 11 of rebuilding links to each other with grade beam 8 and cotter 9 through the bar planting, can ensure that raft foundation 11 of rebuilding forms wholly with former rubble foundation, in this embodiment, bar planting degree of depth 20 d.
When the frame structure is rebuilt, the frame column 14 which is close to the reserved outer wall and spans one step is tightly attached to the rubble foundation and the reserved wall surface of the dry brick outer wall 4, and the newly-added surrounding sleeve 10 and the ground beam 8 of the rubble foundation are arranged at the bottom of the first-layer column.
The frame columns 14 and the frame beams 13 are tied with the reserved outer wall through the dowel bars 12, 2L-shaped steel bars are inserted into brick joints of the reserved exposed brick outer wall 4, the gaps of the brick joints are filled with structural adhesive, and a tie point is arranged at each interval of 1m along the length directions of the frame beams 13 and the frame columns 14. The L-shaped steel bar extends into the exposed wall of the ganged brick by 4120mm, extends into the frame column 14 and the frame beam by 13300mm, and has the straight section length of the hook of 100 mm.
When the frame structure is rebuilt, because the frame beams 13 and the frame columns 14 which are close to the reserved bare brick outer wall 4 for one span are tightly attached to the reserved wall, the conventional formwork supporting mode construction cannot be used, therefore, a three-side formwork supporting construction process is adopted, the reserved outer wall surface is used as a template on the other side, and the formwork supporting construction of the rebuilt frame can be guaranteed.
In the embodiment, the three-side formwork part adopts a conventional wood formwork reinforcing process. And a support system is additionally arranged on the outer side of the reserved wall body, so that the construction safety of the template part of the reserved exposed brick outer wall 4 can be ensured. The method is characterized in that a wood base plate 15 is arranged on the outer side of a wall body, a wood beam 16 is used as a secondary keel, a double-steel pipe is used as a main keel, a horizontal rod 17 is arranged to form a tie with an attached wall system for retaining the wall body, the horizontal rod 17 and an H-shaped steel column 18 in the attached wall system form a column-embracing system, and an adjustable support 19 is arranged at the other end of the horizontal rod and connected with the main keel. In order to avoid instability caused by overlong slenderness ratio of the horizontal rod 17, two vertical rods 20 are arranged in the middle of the horizontal rod 17, and the distance between the vertical rods 20 is not more than 1.2 m.
In this embodiment, the bottom formwork of the reconstructed frame beam 13 and the formwork on the indoor side are reinforced by a conventional wood formwork, and the reserved wall is used as the formwork close to the reserved wall.
When the outer wall is rebuilt, the outer wall on the demolished side is rebuilt according to the reserved wall style, the masonry material uses the clean water bricks when the indoor wall is demolished, and the masonry and the typesetting are carried out according to the typesetting of the reserved wall. The iron oxide yellow with the proportion of 5 percent is doped into the masonry mortar as a coloring agent, the color of the mortar joint of the old wall body can be reduced, and the heat-insulating mortar is filled in the gap during the masonry of the cavity wall, so that the energy-saving requirement of the building can be met.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for repairing and reinforcing an old building of a bare brick exterior wall, which repairs the exterior wall of the bare brick, keeps the exterior wall of the bare brick as the outer surface of the old building, the remained outer wall is protected by rain protection during the dismantling process, the strength of the outer wall is prevented from being influenced by the irrigation of rainwater, the rubble foundation is subjected to joint filling and sealing protection, and simultaneously the ground beam and the pin key are utilized to reinforce the rubble foundation, during the reconstruction, the outer wall is supported by adopting a buttress structure system, the strength of the outer wall is improved by plugging the air bucket part, the roof and the internal partition wall are removed, adopt the raft foundation that the wholeness is stronger to be linked into an organic whole with former rubble foundation in inside, rebuild frame and outer wall drawknot when inside is rebuild again and form wholly, increase the structural strength of building after the rebuilding, satisfy the demand of commercialization, remain the wholeness of building and remain the safe and reliable of outer wall.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for repairing and reinforcing a bare brick exterior wall old building is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, repairing the exposed wall of the brick; s2, removing the partition wall of the old building roof, and performing rain-proof protection on the wall body of the reserved part; s3, building a wall supporting structure system, and supporting the outer wall in the step S1 after the partition wall is removed by using the wall supporting structure system; s4, dismantling the connecting member between the partition wall in the step S2 and the outer wall in the step S1, and plugging the air hopper part by using the gangway brick; s5, performing protection treatment on the rough stone foundation of the old building, wherein the protection treatment comprises the steps of sealing the surface of the rough stone foundation and performing grouting and joint filling on the inner gap of the rough stone foundation, arranging ground beams on the inner side and the outer side of the rough stone foundation for reinforcement, and connecting the ground beams on the inner side and the outer side through pin keys; s6, rebuilding the roof and the indoor structure, wherein the rebuilt foundation adopts a raft foundation and is connected with the rubble foundation in the step S5, the rebuilt frame structure is tied with the outer wall in the step S1, and the rebuilt outer wall is built by using water-free bricks; and S7, dismantling the buttress structure system in the step S3 to finish the renovation and reinforcement of the old building.
2. The method for repairing and reinforcing bare brick exterior wall old buildings according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises: s1.1, building a construction operation frame on the outer side of the exposed brick outer wall for repair construction, wherein the height of the construction operation frame is 1200mm above the building height, and jointing by adopting a joint mixture added with iron oxide with a proportion of 5%; s1.2, removing the plastering surface on the inner side of the outer wall, removing the inner side structure of the outer wall of the ganged brick, performing reinforcement construction on the inner side foundation of the outer wall, and performing repair construction on the inner side of the outer wall of the ganged brick; s1.3, locally removing the wall body on the inner side of the original lintel position at the top of the exposed brick outer wall door and window, arranging a steel lintel, arranging a supporting steel plate at the bottom of the steel lintel, inserting the supporting steel plate into the bottom of the original lintel, inserting the steel lintel and the supporting steel plate into the wall bodies on two sides of the door and window, and blocking the risk between the steel lintel and the exposed brick by adopting mortar.
3. The method for repairing and reinforcing the old building of the bare brick exterior wall according to claim 2, wherein in step S1.1, a construction operation frame is built by adopting steel pipes, a frame foundation is poured by adopting concrete, and the construction operation frame is additionally tied with the wall body by adopting the steel pipes and a fastener at the position of the door and window hole of the bare brick exterior wall; during jointing operation, the original mortar joint shale soil is removed to 30mm depth, an air compressor is used for blowing the mortar joint clean, tap water is used for spraying the surface of the wall to moisten the wall, plain cement paste is squeezed into the mortar joint by using jointing equipment, and then jointing is completed.
4. The method for repairing and reinforcing the old building of the bare brick exterior wall according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1.2, when reinforcing the foundation on the inner side of the exterior wall, ash cakes are made along the inner side of the exterior wall, tap water is used for spraying the surface of the wall to moisten the surface, a steel wire mesh is fully hung, polymer mortar is used for leveling, the construction is carried out by adopting a two-pass forming process, then carbon fiber cloth is laid, and then the mortar is used for protection.
5. The method for repairing and reinforcing a bare brick exterior wall old building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein roof tiles, rafters and purlins are removed from the top down in sequence by roof removal in step S2, and a capping ring beam is constructed on the top of the wall at the remaining portion to prevent rain.
6. The method for renovating and reinforcing a bare brick exterior wall old building according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein in step S3, the sustaining wall structure system comprises a strip-shaped foundation, a connecting beam steel structure arranged on the strip-shaped foundation and a fixing frame connected with the exterior wall in S1, the fixing frame comprises channel steel arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the exterior wall and a penetrating bolt connecting the channel steel on the two sides, the connecting beam steel structure is supported on the strip-shaped foundation at the bottom and connected with the fixing frame at the side.
7. The method for repairing and reinforcing the bare brick exterior wall old building according to claim 6, wherein in step S3, the strip foundation is subjected to foundation excavation work after the replacement of the mortar joints of the exterior wall S1 is completed, concrete is adopted for pouring, the pre-embedding work of the profile steel upright post embedded part is completed before the concrete is poured, and the maintenance is carried out for 7 days after the concrete is poured; all the contact channel steel of the contact beam steel structure is welded, and the contact beam steel structure is connected with the fixed frame and the strip foundation by bolts; the mount is formed by vertical extension and the vertical channel-section steel of horizontal interval arrangement and the horizontal channel-section steel of connection between vertical channel-section steel on the wall body of a plurality of, and horizontal interval between the vertical channel-section steel is not more than 1.5m, and mount and wall body contact site set up flexible buffer structure.
8. The method for renovation and strengthening of a ganged brick exterior wall according to any of claims 1-4, wherein step S5 comprises: s5.1, firstly excavating earthwork on two sides of the rubble foundation, adopting a mode of excavating from the strip foundation to the outside, wherein the width of the excavated earthwork is 2.7m, and manually excavating the earthwork within a range of 500mm from the rubble foundation; s5.2, cleaning soil on the surface of the rubble foundation and in the gap, and using the following steps of 1: 3, plugging rubble gaps with cement mortar, arranging grouting holes in the upper parts of the rubble foundations, performing pressure grouting under the pressure of 0.2MPa after the cement mortar plugged in the rubble gaps is solidified, and sealing the grouting holes after grouting is completed; s5.3, drilling holes in the pin key part on the rubble foundation in advance, reserving holes of the pin key on the newly-added surrounding sleeve and the ground beam, reinforcing the rubble foundation by using the newly-added surrounding sleeve, arranging the ground beam on the inner side and the outer side of the newly-added surrounding sleeve, taking the ground beam on the inner side of the newly-added surrounding sleeve as the foundation of the newly-added concrete column, connecting the rubble foundation and the ground beam by using the pin key, and simultaneously connecting the pin key with the raft foundation in the step S6.
9. The method for repairing and reinforcing the old building of the external wall of the bare brick according to claim 8, wherein in step S5.3, grouting holes are reserved at the pin hole positions on the rubble foundation, and grouting materials are adopted for secondary filling after the pin construction is completed.
10. The method for repairing and reinforcing the bare brick exterior wall old building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S6, the elevation of the raft foundation is the same as that of the rubble foundation, and the raft foundation is connected with the ground beam and the pin through the planting bars; the reconstructed frame structure comprises frame columns and frame beams, wherein the frame columns and the frame beams are tied with the reserved outer wall through dowel bars; the reconstructed frame column adopts a three-side formwork construction process, the other side of the frame column utilizes the reserved outer wall surface as a template, and a support system is additionally arranged on the outer side of the reserved wall body; when the external wall is built again, iron oxide yellow with the proportion of 5 percent is doped into the mortar as a coloring agent, and when the cavity wall is built, the heat-insulating mortar is filled in the gap.
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| CN115369928A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-22 | 福州大学 | Sliding, shock-isolating and reinforcing structure for existing stone structure foundation and reinforcing method thereof |
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