CN111763345A - 一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111763345A CN111763345A CN202010732755.6A CN202010732755A CN111763345A CN 111763345 A CN111763345 A CN 111763345A CN 202010732755 A CN202010732755 A CN 202010732755A CN 111763345 A CN111763345 A CN 111763345A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- parts
- injection machine
- polyurethane foam
- die
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/125—Water, e.g. hydrated salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3225—Polyamines
- C08G18/3228—Polyamines acyclic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4081—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/64 with other macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4236—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
- C08G18/4238—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/44—Polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/64—Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/63
- C08G18/6484—Polysaccharides and derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
- C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/664—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
- C08G18/6644—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203 having at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
- C08G18/6637—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6648—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
- C08G18/6651—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or polyamines of C08G18/38
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/10—Water or water-releasing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2483/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
- C08K7/26—Silicon- containing compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,将聚酯多元醇、淀粉、玻璃纤维、氨基甲酸乙酯、硬脂酸以及水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀;将异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中反应釜,加热反应;将步骤二中反应釜降温,加入催化剂、以及扩链剂,保温;将稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热备用;准备粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热备用;准备装入喷射机三中,并加热备用;准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为0.5‑3MPa;将模具急速降温,并保温,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
Description
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及聚氨酯发泡材料生产技术领域,具体涉及一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯为主链含-NHCOO-重复结构单元的一类聚合物,英文缩写PU,由异氰酸酯(单体)与羟基化合物聚合而成。聚氨酯含有强极性的氨基甲酸酯基,不溶于非极性基团,具有良好的耐油性、韧性、耐磨性、耐老化性和粘合性。用不同原料可制得适应较宽温度范围(-50-150℃)的材料,包括泡棉、胶粘剂、热塑性树脂和热固性树脂等。
现有技术中,随着电子产品和汽车产品等的不断发展,对聚氨酯发泡材料的应用越来越多,特别是对具有一定机械强度的聚氨酯发泡材料的需求不断增大。专利号为201710322608.X的授权发明专利,研究了高密度聚氨酯泡棉的配方和生产方法,并且制得了具有密度均匀性好,减震缓冲性能优越得高密度聚氨酯泡棉,解决了现有技术中聚氨酯泡棉机械性能差的问题。但是,随着产品的不断发展,对聚氨酯发泡材料的机械强度的要求不断提高,现有的配方和生产方法,难以达到特殊产品的使用要求。因此,申请人在专利号为201710322608.X的授权发明专利基础上进行配方和工艺的改进,经过验证,在保持原有特性的基础上,进一步提高了聚氨酯泡棉的机械强度,扩大了产品的应用范围。
发明内容
为此,本发明实施例提供一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,以解决现有技术中存在的相关技术问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明实施例提供如下技术方案:
一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将60-80重量份聚酯多元醇、20-40重量份淀粉、3-7重量份玻璃纤维、2-4重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、1-2重量份硬脂酸以及2-5重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1;
步骤二:将15-25重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热80-90℃反应2-4小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯;
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至50-60℃,加入0.5-2重量份催化剂、以及4-8重量份扩链剂,保温3-5小时;
步骤四:将1-3重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备3-10重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤六:准备2-5重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为0.5-3MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm-50mm;
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温30-40min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
进一步地,所述步骤三中催化剂为辛酸亚锡或二丁基锡二月桂酸酯。
进一步地,所述步骤三中扩链剂包括1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、一缩二乙二醇、乙二胺、二乙烯二胺、三乙烯四胺中的一种或多种的组合。
进一步地,所述步骤四中稳定剂为硅油。
本发明实施例具有如下优点:
本发明将淀粉和聚酯多元醇进行预先混合,淀粉作为含有大量羟基的葡萄糖聚合物,与聚酯多元醇相容性高,预先混合使得其与异氰酸酯发生亲和加成反应时,反应更充分,利用聚酯多元醇和淀粉协同作用,可以提高聚氨酯的密度,并保证密度的均匀性,同时改善其回弹力;硬脂酸和氨基甲酸乙酯的加入,能够稳定淀粉和聚酯多元醇的反应结构,使发泡大小更加均匀,同时促进玻璃纤维进入到淀粉和聚酯多元醇中,提高聚氨酯泡棉的机械强度;
本发明提供了利用混合聚酯多元醇和异氰酸酯反应,混合聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇,聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯是一种混合二元醇聚酯,它的使用减小了聚氨酯的结晶性,增加聚氨酯的初黏强度,聚碳酸酯二醇具有良好的耐水解性和耐氧化性,二者混合使用时,可以提高聚氨酯泡棉的性能;
同时,本发明创造性的引入了粉煤灰和陶瓷粉,通过与淀粉和聚酯多元醇的同时喷射,直接混入到聚氨酯泡棉的生产结构中,粉煤灰能够吸收淀粉和聚酯多元醇反应混合物中的水分,与陶瓷粉配合,加速聚氨酯泡棉的固定过程,大大改善了聚氨酯泡棉的物理性能。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式,熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了解决现有技术中存在的相关技术问题,本申请实施例提供了一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,旨在生产出机械性能更强的聚氨酯发泡材料,提高适用范围,具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将60-80重量份聚酯多元醇、20-40重量份淀粉、3-7重量份玻璃纤维、2-4重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、1-2重量份硬脂酸以及2-5重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1。具体的,聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯由己二酸、乙二醇和丁二醇反应合成,作为一种混合二元醇聚酯,它的使用减小了聚氨酯的结晶性;聚碳酸酯二醇为一种白色蜡状固体,羟值为100mg KOH/g,可提供内聚力大,粘接强度高的预聚体。淀粉是一种多羟基葡萄糖聚合物,结构都含有丰富的羟基,可以部分代替聚酯多元醇与异氰酸酯发生反应制备聚氨酯,淀粉与聚酯多元醇混合均匀再进行反应时,协同效应显著。
步骤二:将15-25重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热80-90℃反应2-4小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯。所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯(1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate,简称NDI),NDI熔点较高,分子的刚性、规整性和对称性高,可以从根本上提高聚氨酯的相分离程度,使得聚氨酯获得更为优异的机械性能和物理性能,其制品具有高强度、回弹性能优良等特性,是最佳的减震密封材料。聚酯多元醇和异氰酸酯反应,水作为发泡剂,反应放出二氧化碳成为泡核,使反应混合物膨胀,得到具有开孔结构的泡沫。另外氮气保护使得反应过程中各原料不易被空气氧化,可提高制得的聚氨酯材料的稳定性。
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至50-60℃,加入0.5-2重量份催化剂、以及4-8重量份扩链剂,保温3-5小时。所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡,用于调节发泡反应和凝胶反应的速度,使之处于良好的平衡状态,提高产品生产效率;所述扩链剂为1,4-丁二醇,1,4-丁二醇与预聚体中的异氰酸酯基团反应,生产氨基甲酸酯或脲,起扩链或交联作用。辛酸亚锡和1,4-丁二醇并用可获得最佳的泡孔结构。
步骤四:将1-3重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备3-10重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;粉煤灰能够快速吸收聚氨酯发泡材料中的水分,加速发泡材料的固化速度。
步骤六:准备2-5重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;陶瓷粉能够显著提高聚氨酯泡棉的机械强度,可与上述粉煤灰进行配合,采用喷射方式进入到聚氨酯发泡材料内。
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为0.5-3MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm-50mm;如上述结构可知,喷射机二向外喷出的粉煤灰可间隔进入到聚氨酯发泡材料中,且成竖向结构;而喷射机三向外喷出的陶瓷粉可在厚度方向上进入到聚氨酯发泡材料中,与粉煤灰形成网格状结构,提高了聚氨酯泡棉的机械强度。上述工作可通过控制喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三间隔喷射实现。如,喷射机一和喷射机二首先喷射1-2s后停止,喷射机三喷射2s后停止,如上过程,可实现聚氨酯泡棉内形成网格状结构,即通过加入玻璃纤维、粉煤灰和陶瓷粉等提高了聚氨酯泡棉的机械强度,同时又从加工步骤上实现聚氨酯泡棉的网格状结构,提高机械性能。
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温30-40min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。快速冷却,加速固化过程,进一步提高了机械强度。
进一步地,所述步骤三中催化剂为辛酸亚锡或二丁基锡二月桂酸酯。
进一步地,所述步骤三中扩链剂包括1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、一缩二乙二醇、乙二胺、二乙烯二胺、三乙烯四胺中的一种或多种的组合。
进一步地,所述步骤四中稳定剂为硅油。可降低发泡体系混合料的表面张力,从而稳定泡孔,防止泡沫倒塌,并控制抛空的大小和均匀度。
基于上述工艺步骤,本申请为了更好的说明其生产的聚氨酯泡棉的机械强度,提供了如下实施例和对比例。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将60重量份聚酯多元醇、40重量份淀粉、3重量份玻璃纤维、2重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、1重量份硬脂酸以及2重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1。
步骤二:将15重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热80℃反应4小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯。
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至60℃,加入0.5重量份催化剂、以及4重量份扩链剂,保温5小时;
步骤四:将1重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备4重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤六:准备2重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为0.5MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm。
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温30min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将65重量份聚酯多元醇、35重量份淀粉、4重量份玻璃纤维、2重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、2重量份硬脂酸以及3重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1。
步骤二:将18重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热80℃反应3小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯。
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至50℃,加入0.8重量份催化剂、以及5重量份扩链剂,保温3小时;
步骤四:将1重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备3重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤六:准备4重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为1MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm。
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温40min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将70重量份聚酯多元醇、30重量份淀粉、5重量份玻璃纤维、3重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、1重量份硬脂酸以及4重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1。
步骤二:将21重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热90℃反应2小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯。
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至50℃,加入2重量份催化剂、以及6重量份扩链剂,保温4小时;
步骤四:将2重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备8重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤六:准备3重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为1.5MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm。
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温40min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将75重量份聚酯多元醇、25重量份淀粉、6重量份玻璃纤维、3重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、2重量份硬脂酸以及5重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1。
步骤二:将23重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热90℃反应3小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯。
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至55℃,加入1.5重量份催化剂、以及8重量份扩链剂,保温5小时;
步骤四:将2重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备10重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤六:准备3重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为3MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm。
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温30min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将80重量份聚酯多元醇、20重量份淀粉、7重量份玻璃纤维、4重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、1重量份硬脂酸以及5重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1。
步骤二:将25重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热90℃反应4小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯。
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至60℃,加入1.2重量份催化剂、以及7重量份扩链剂,保温4小时;
步骤四:将3重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备5重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤六:准备5重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为2MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm。
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温40min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
对比例1
按照实施例1中的步骤,提供一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,但在步骤六和七中不添加陶瓷粉。
对比例2
按照实施例1中的步骤,提供一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,但在步骤五和七中不添加粉煤灰。
对比例3
按照实施例1中的步骤,提供一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,在步骤五、六和七中,陶瓷粉和粉煤灰均不添加。
对比例4
按照实施例1中的步骤,提供一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,在步骤一中不添加玻璃纤维、氨基甲酸乙酯和硬脂酸。
根据以上实施例和对比例,检测聚氨酯泡棉的物理性能,结果如表1所示。
从表1可以看出,通过本发明提供的方法制得的聚氨酯泡棉的密度稳定于0.7g/cm3,密度进一步提高,抗冲击强度高,说明聚氨酯泡棉具有优越的减震缓冲性能。同时,通过对比例可知,玻璃纤维、氨基甲酸乙酯与粉煤灰和陶瓷粉之间产生协同作用,促进了聚氨酯泡棉机械性能的提高。
本发明将淀粉和聚酯多元醇进行预先混合,淀粉作为含有大量羟基的葡萄糖聚合物,与聚酯多元醇相容性高,预先混合使得其与异氰酸酯发生亲和加成反应时,反应更充分,利用聚酯多元醇和淀粉协同作用,可以提高聚氨酯的密度,并保证密度的均匀性,同时改善其回弹力;硬脂酸和氨基甲酸乙酯的加入,能够稳定淀粉和聚酯多元醇的反应结构,使发泡大小更加均匀,同时促进玻璃纤维进入到淀粉和聚酯多元醇中,提高聚氨酯泡棉的机械强度;
本发明提供了利用混合聚酯多元醇和异氰酸酯反应,混合聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇,聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯是一种混合二元醇聚酯,它的使用减小了聚氨酯的结晶性,增加聚氨酯的初黏强度,聚碳酸酯二醇具有良好的耐水解性和耐氧化性,二者混合使用时,可以提高聚氨酯泡棉的性能;
同时,本发明创造性的引入了粉煤灰和陶瓷粉,通过与淀粉和聚酯多元醇的同时喷射,直接混入到聚氨酯泡棉的生产结构中,粉煤灰能够吸收淀粉和聚酯多元醇反应混合物中的水分,与陶瓷粉配合,加速聚氨酯泡棉的固定过程,大大改善了聚氨酯泡棉的物理性能。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:将60-80重量份聚酯多元醇、20-40重量份淀粉、3-7重量份玻璃纤维、2-4重量份氨基甲酸乙酯、1-2重量份硬脂酸以及2-5重量份水加入到反应釜中,混合均匀,其中聚酯多元醇包括聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的混合物,且聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和聚碳酸酯二醇的质量比为3:1;
步骤二:将15-25重量份异氰酸酯加入到步骤一中所述反应釜,在氮气保护下加热80-90℃反应2-4小时,所述异氰酸酯为1,5-萘二异氰酸酯;
步骤三:将步骤二中所述反应釜降温至50-60℃,加入0.5-2重量份催化剂、以及4-8重量份扩链剂,保温3-5小时;
步骤四:将1-3重量份稳定剂加入到步骤三中反应釜,搅拌均匀后装入到喷射机一中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤五:准备3-10重量份粉煤灰装入喷射机二中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤六:准备2-5重量份陶瓷粉装入喷射机三中,并加热至100℃备用;
步骤七:准备成型模具,喷射机一和喷射机二设置在模具上方,且喷射机一和喷射机二间隔设置,喷射机三对称设于模具两侧,喷射机一、喷射机二和喷射机三均加热至120℃并朝向模具喷射,模具压力为0.5-3MPa,聚氨酯泡棉厚度为20mm-50mm;
步骤八:将模具在2min内急速降温至30℃,并保温30-40min,固化得到聚氨酯泡棉。
2.如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中催化剂为辛酸亚锡或二丁基锡二月桂酸酯。
3.如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中扩链剂包括1,4-丁二醇、乙二醇、一缩二乙二醇、乙二胺、二乙烯二胺、三乙烯四胺中的一种或多种的组合。
4.如权利要求1所述的聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四中稳定剂为硅油。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010732755.6A CN111763345A (zh) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | 一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010732755.6A CN111763345A (zh) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | 一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111763345A true CN111763345A (zh) | 2020-10-13 |
Family
ID=72727412
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010732755.6A Withdrawn CN111763345A (zh) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | 一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111763345A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114716645A (zh) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 上海禺立电子科技有限公司 | 一种定位泡绵内衬的制备方法及应用 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160053078A1 (en) * | 2014-08-23 | 2016-02-25 | United States Gypsum Company | Inorganic filled lightweight polyurethane composites |
CN107099017A (zh) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-29 | 东莞市普力达光学材料科技有限公司 | 高密度聚氨酯泡棉及其制备方法、以及泡棉胶带 |
US20170267585A1 (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-09-21 | Amitabha Kumar | Filled polyurethane composites with size-graded fillers |
WO2019117952A1 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-20 | Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited | Fatty acid modified polyurethane composites with improved dimensional stability |
-
2020
- 2020-07-27 CN CN202010732755.6A patent/CN111763345A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160053078A1 (en) * | 2014-08-23 | 2016-02-25 | United States Gypsum Company | Inorganic filled lightweight polyurethane composites |
US20170267585A1 (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-09-21 | Amitabha Kumar | Filled polyurethane composites with size-graded fillers |
CN107099017A (zh) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-29 | 东莞市普力达光学材料科技有限公司 | 高密度聚氨酯泡棉及其制备方法、以及泡棉胶带 |
WO2019117952A1 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-20 | Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited | Fatty acid modified polyurethane composites with improved dimensional stability |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
李建军等编: "《塑料配方设计》", 30 September 2019, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114716645A (zh) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 上海禺立电子科技有限公司 | 一种定位泡绵内衬的制备方法及应用 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107602817B (zh) | 一种高耐寒聚氨酯减震垫及其制备方法 | |
CN101519485B (zh) | 一种宽温域阻尼减振聚氨酯微孔弹性体材料及其制备方法 | |
CA1306906C (en) | Polyurethanes prepared or combined with another material and a process for their manufacture | |
CN107099017B (zh) | 高密度聚氨酯泡棉及其制备方法、以及泡棉胶带 | |
US4048105A (en) | High density urethane foam for rim | |
CN101328254B (zh) | 添加低成本聚碳酸酯多元醇的聚酯型聚氨酯微孔弹性体及制备方法 | |
CN102060969B (zh) | 一种高熔体强度聚酯弹性体及其制备方法 | |
CN105440243B (zh) | 用于汽车天窗缓冲垫块的聚氨酯组合物及其制备方法 | |
JPS63500182A (ja) | 脂肪族ポリウレタン吹付型被覆組成物及び製造法 | |
CN110054744B (zh) | 改性环氧树脂增强聚氨酯组合料及其制备方法和应用 | |
WO2021204790A1 (en) | Polyurethanes from depolymerized lignin containing lignin monomers | |
EP0341375A2 (en) | Compatible polyol blends for high modulus polyurethane compositions | |
CN113968954B (zh) | 一种可降解热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN111763345A (zh) | 一种聚氨酯泡棉的制备方法 | |
CN110003423B (zh) | 改性异氰酸酯预聚体、聚氨酯组合料及其制备方法和应用 | |
JP2023530699A (ja) | 高い機械的特性、uv照射に対する良好な耐性を備え且つブルーム及び曇りが少ない熱可塑性ポリウレタン組成物 | |
CN111763344A (zh) | 一种阻燃聚氨酯发泡材料生产方法 | |
US3743621A (en) | Polyurethane resins | |
KR20090126103A (ko) | 아미노수지를 포함하는 발포체용 폴리우레탄 수지 조성물 | |
KR101737764B1 (ko) | 바이오 폴리올을 사용한 미세기공형 폼시트용 폴리우레탄 수지조성물 | |
KR102245471B1 (ko) | 바이오 소재를 이용한 원단 코팅용 폴리우레탄 수지 제조방법 | |
CN111808416A (zh) | 一种高导热聚氨酯发泡组合物和生产方法 | |
US3728289A (en) | Elastic,tear-resistant,high-density foams based on polycarbodiimide-polyisocyanates | |
CN109354666B (zh) | 一种耐低温热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法 | |
CN112029133B (zh) | 一种聚氨酯发泡材料及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20201013 |