CN111762659A

CN111762659A - Traction elevator safety monitoring system

Info

Publication number: CN111762659A
Application number: CN202010546511.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李俊凯; 吕海涛
Original assignee: Zhejiang Zhiling Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Zhiling Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-16
Filing date: 2020-06-16
Publication date: 2020-10-13

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator safety protection system, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a slip monitoring device, wherein the slip monitoring device comprises a differential slow release module, a differential belt module, a synchronous access module and two elastic tensioning modules, a friction wheel is rotatably arranged on a lift car and clings to a shaft guide rail, and the friction wheel is linked to a sliding shaft; the differential slow release module comprises a slow release sliding support, an inner wheel, an outer wheel and a plurality of slow release components, the slow release sliding support is slidably mounted on the car, a sliding support pressure spring used for upwards propping the slow release sliding support is arranged on the car, the inner wheel and the outer wheel are coaxially arranged and are respectively rotatably mounted on the sliding support, and the inner wheel and the outer wheel can rotate relatively. According to the invention, when the friction wheel encounters an oil stain area on the shaft guide rail, the friction wheel slips through the slip monitoring device, so that the rotating speed difference between the outer wheel and the inner wheel is suddenly caused, and the rapid detection is convenient.

Description

Traction elevator safety monitoring system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of elevator equipment, in particular to a traction elevator safety monitoring system.

Background

Modern elevators are widely driven by traction. The traction machine is used as a driving mechanism, a traction rope is hung on a rope wheel of the traction machine, one end of the traction rope suspends the lift car, and the other end of the traction rope suspends the counterweight. When the traction machine rotates, the traction force is generated by the friction force between the traction rope and the rope wheel to drive the elevator car to move up and down. The traction type elevator mainly comprises eight major system parts, namely a traction system, a guide system, a door system, a car, a weight balance system, an electric traction system, an electric control system and a safety protection system. The existing traction elevator has the following potential safety hazards in the use process:

(1) the towline is not durable elevator part, more belongs to the consumable article, because it is in for a long time and is loaded to in operating modes such as bending repeatedly, tensile, friction, when reaching its life limit, take place towline fracture easily, this causes very big potential safety hazard for the elevator operation, and current prevention means is: when the hoisting rope begins to be exposed, the hoisting rope passes through the triggering device, the device gives an alarm or lights up, the triggering times are recorded, and maintenance personnel check abnormal conditions of the hoisting rope according to the number of floors corresponding to the lighting or alarming. However, if the elevator is not maintained for a long time, when the traction ropes are suddenly broken, the elevator still needs to be braked when the elevator is overspeed, and the deceleration reaction time of the elevator is reduced.

(2) In the regular inspection of the elevator, an inspector often finds that a layer of oil stain is accumulated on the surface of a shaft guide rail, which is formed by throwing lubricating oil in an elevator system out due to faults and mixing the lubricating oil with dust, if the lubricating oil is not cleaned in time, the friction coefficient of a safety gear and the shaft guide rail can be changed, and the braking capacity under emergency is reduced, so that the monitoring on the surface friction capacity of the shaft guide rail is very necessary in the running process of the elevator, the existing monitoring means is manually checked, and the operation difficulty is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a traction elevator safety monitoring system capable of detecting the friction capacity of a shaft guide rail.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:

an elevator safety protection system characterized in that: the device comprises a slip monitoring device, wherein the slip monitoring device comprises a differential slow release module, a differential belt module, a synchronous access module and two elastic tensioning modules, a friction wheel is rotatably arranged on a lift car and clings to a shaft guide rail, and the friction wheel is linked to a sliding shaft; the differential slow release module comprises a slow release sliding support, an inner wheel, an outer wheel and a plurality of slow release components, the slow release sliding support is slidably mounted on a lift car, a sliding support pressure spring used for upwards propping against the slow release sliding support is arranged on the lift car, the inner wheel and the outer wheel are coaxially arranged and respectively rotatably mounted on the sliding support, so that the inner wheel and the outer wheel can relatively rotate, a bevel gear III and a bevel gear IV are rotatably mounted on the sliding support, the bevel gear III and the bevel gear IV are mutually meshed, the bevel gear III drives the inner wheel to rotate through a gear set II, the slow release components comprise an inner cam block, an outer cam block and a micro cylinder, the outer cam block is fixed on the outer wheel, the inner cam block is slidably mounted along the radial direction of the inner wheel, the micro cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston pressure spring, a piston and a movable rod, one end of the movable rod is fixed with, pore has been seted up to the bottom of piston pressure spring, and when the gas in the piston compression cylinder body, gas in the cylinder body can get rid of through the pore, and the inner cam is fixed to the other end of movable rod, and differential belt module includes synchronous belt, synchronous wheel I, synchronous wheel II, and synchronous belt connects synchronous wheel I and synchronous wheel II. The synchronous pulley I fixes an outer pulley, a rotating pulley is abutted to a traction rope, the synchronous pulley II fixes the rotating pulley, the transmission ratio of the rotating pulley and the outer pulley and the transmission ratio between a friction pulley and an inner pulley are matched, so that the rotating speeds of the outer pulley and the inner pulley are the same in the normal lifting process of the elevator, the synchronous access module is used for accessing the power of a sliding shaft into a bevel gear IV of the differential slow release module, and the elastic tensioning module is used for tensioning a synchronous belt. The reason for arranging the differential slow-release module is as follows: although the transmission ratio of the rotating wheel and the outer wheel and the transmission ratio between the friction wheel and the inner wheel are adaptive, in the normal lifting process of the elevator, the rotating speeds of the outer wheel and the inner wheel are the same, but the rotating speeds are the same and are only theoretically feasible, in practice, due to the reasons of manufacturing precision and the like, the outer wheel and the inner wheel have a small rotating speed difference, the outer cam extrudes the inner cam at a very small speed, gas in the cylinder body can be discharged through the fine holes, the inner wheel cannot cause large rotating resistance to the outer wheel, the offset amplitude of the belt is not large, the normal operation of detection equipment is ensured, and the influence of manufacturing errors on equipment detection is avoided. When the wheel skidded and decelerated because the friction wheel in, the wheel and the wheel in the cylinder body have huge speed difference, the gas pore quick-discharge gas in the cylinder body is untimely, the movable rod can not descend quickly, the outer cam and the inner cam are impacted together, the rotation of the wheel is blocked, and therefore the rotation of the synchronizing wheel II is blocked. When the friction pulley meets the region that has the oil stain on the ladder shaft guide rail, the friction pulley can produce and skid, cause between the foreign steamer suddenly and interior wheel rotational speed poor, thereby it rotates to become interior wheel relatively, outer cam and interior cam striking are together, the rotation of foreign steamer is obstructed, the rotation of synchronizing wheel II is obstructed, II rotational speed of synchronizing wheel are unchangeable, synchronizing wheel II can slide down to synchronizing wheel I lapse through synchronous belt, both drive slow-release sliding support quick slip one end distance down, make the distance between synchronizing wheel I and the synchronizing wheel II reduce, one side of synchronous belt can shorten, the opposite side can shorten.

Further, as preferred, the elasticity tensioning module includes take-up pulley, wheel pole, limit switch, wheel pole pressure spring, and the take-up pulley rotates to be installed on the wheel pole, and wheel pole slidable mounting is on the car, and the cover is equipped with the wheel pole pressure spring that pushes up the take-up pulley on synchronous belt on the wheel pole, and two sets of elasticity tensioning modules are located synchronous belt's both sides respectively, are fixed with limit switch on the car, are fixed with the slip lug that is used for triggering limit switch on the wheel pole. Because the friction pulley can produce and skid, when causing the distance between synchronizing wheel I and the synchronizing wheel II to reduce, synchronous belt's one side can shorten, the opposite side can shorten, the take-up pulley of both sides can synchronous motion for synchronous belt is in the tensioning state, the lug that slides here simultaneously can the sharp slip trigger limit switch, limit switch is connected to control system, make control system detect the regional track that has the skid of floor at this moment, follow-up arrangement staff inspects the orbital safe condition in this floor.

Further, preferably, the synchronous access module comprises a gear set III and a gearbox, the sliding shaft is linked to the gearbox through the gear set III, and an output shaft of the gearbox and the bevel gear IV are in axial sliding and circumferential fixed connection.

Further, as an optimization, the monitoring device for rope breakage further comprises a follow-up traction module, a monitoring sensor, a monitoring bracket and a plurality of groups of sheave modules, each sheave module comprises a sheave, a sheave guide rod and a guide rod pressure spring, the sheave guide rod is slidably mounted on the monitoring bracket, the sheave is rotatably mounted at one end of the sheave guide rod, the sheave guide rod is sleeved with the pressure spring for pushing the sheave against the hauling rope, the sheave of each group of sheave modules is pressed on each hauling rope one by one, so that the sheave is driven to rotate through the running of the hauling rope, each sheave guide rod is provided with a long groove, a trigger rod is slidably mounted in each long groove, the trigger rod is positioned at the upper end of the long groove in an initial state, and when any hauling rope is suddenly disconnected or loosened and the corresponding sheave guide rod slides downwards, the trigger rod is driven downwards by the sheave guide rod, the monitoring sensor is fixed on the monitoring support, when the trigger rod descends, the trigger rod triggers the monitoring sensor, and the monitoring sensor sends a signal to the control system to monitor sudden disconnection or loosening of the hoisting rope. The follow-up traction module comprises a trigger rod, a traction inclined rod, a traction shaft rod seat, a traction shaft rod, a shifting head and a traction pressure spring, wherein the trigger rod is horizontally arranged and is vertically and slidably installed on the lift car in a whole manner, one end of the traction inclined rod is hinged on the trigger rod, the other end of the traction inclined rod is hinged on one end of the traction shaft rod, the traction shaft rod is horizontally and slidably installed on the traction shaft rod seat, the lift car is fixed on the traction shaft rod seat, the traction pressure spring is sleeved on the traction shaft rod, two ends of the traction pressure spring respectively abut against a shaft shoulder on the traction shaft rod seat and the traction shaft rod, the shifting head is fixed at the other end of the traction shaft rod, a notch is formed in the shifting head, a shifting piece is fixed on the shaft head and is positioned in the notch, the shifting head cannot rotate in a limited manner, the follow-up traction module can pull the traction shaft rod to slide when sliding up, thereby engaging the clutch sleeve and the clutch head. Because any hoisting rope of the elevator is loosened or disconnected, the elevator is possibly dangerous at any time, at the moment, pre-braking of the elevator is very necessary, after the trigger lever descends, the monitoring sensor sends a signal to the control system, so that the control system and the traction machine are emergently braked, and the clutch sleeve and the clutch head are combined together before the elevator is overspeed, so that preparation is made for braking of the brake module, and the safety is further improved. The structure that rectangular shape groove adopted rectangular shape can bring two functions: the downward sliding of any sheave guide rod can drive the sheave guide rod, the disconnection of any hoisting rope can be monitored without correspondingly arranging a monitoring sensor for each hoisting rope, and when the elevator descends at an overspeed, the trigger rod is provided with a downward moving space due to the arrangement of the long groove, so that the shifting block can be driven by the shifting block, and the triggering action of the speed-limiting trigger module cannot be influenced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects: according to the invention, when the friction wheel encounters an oil stain area on the shaft guide rail, the friction wheel slips through the slip monitoring device, so that a rotating speed difference between the outer wheel and the inner wheel is suddenly caused, and a speed difference between the two synchronous wheels is triggered, so that the differential belt module drives the slow-release sliding support to rapidly slide downwards for a distance, and the tightness state of the belt is also changed, thereby facilitating rapid detection; the differential slow release module is arranged, so that the condition that an outer wheel and an inner wheel have small rotating speed difference due to manufacturing precision and the like, and false triggering alarm is generated is avoided, and the monitoring result of the equipment is more reliable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of a speed limiting brake device according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed-limiting brake device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed limit triggering module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a slide shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the clutch sleeve, the clutch head and the combination structure thereof according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rope breakage monitoring device and a slip monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the inner wheel and the outer wheel according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the differential slow-release module according to the embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals: a car 1; a hoisting rope 11; a shaft guide rail 2; a speed-limiting brake device 3; a friction drive module 31; a speed limit triggering module 32; a brake actuating module 33; a reset release module 34; a friction wheel 311; gear set I312; a rotating shaft I313; a clutch sleeve 321; a clutch head 322; a bevel gear I323; a bevel gear II 324; a slide shaft 325; a stub shaft 326; a spin lever 327; a pendulum 328; a socket 329; a middle shaft 3210; the transmission mechanism 331; a brake bracket 332; a brake screw 333; a stopper 334; a catch slide 3341; a brake pad 3342; a plug cavity 3211; an outer stop 3212; an inner stopper 3213; a card connector 3221; release motor 341; releasing the gear I342; releasing the gear II 343; a rope breakage monitoring device 4; a slip monitoring device 5; a follow-up traction module 41; a monitoring sensor 42; monitoring the stent 43; a sheave module 44; a sheave 441; a sheave guide 442; a strip groove 4421; a leader spring 443; a trigger lever 411; a traction diagonal 412; a traction shaft holder 413; a traction shaft 414; a dial 415; a traction compression spring 416; a paddle 417; a differential speed slow release module 51; a differential belt module 52; a synchronous access module 53; an elastic tensioning module 54; a slow-release sliding support 511; an inner wheel 512; an outer wheel 513; a slow release assembly 514; bevel gear III 515; bevel gears IV 516; an inner cam block 5141; outer cam block 5142; a microcylinder 5143; fine pores 51431; gear set iii 531; a gearbox 532; a timing belt 521; a synchronous wheel I522; a synchronizing wheel II 523; a tension wheel 541; a wheel lever 542; a limit switch 543; a wheel lever pressure spring 544; the cam 545 is slid.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The elevator safety protection system comprises a speed-limiting brake device 3, a rope breakage monitoring device 4 and a slip monitoring device 5.

Referring to fig. 1-6, two speed-limiting brake devices 3 are arranged on a car 1, the two speed-limiting brake devices 3 are connected through a central shaft 3210, each speed-limiting brake device 3 comprises a friction driving module 31, a speed-limiting triggering module 32, a brake braking module 33 and a reset releasing module 34, the friction driving module 31 is used for providing a clamping action of the brake braking module 33 through a friction force between a hoistway guide rail 2 and a friction wheel 311 to realize braking, the friction driving module 31 comprises a friction wheel 311, a gear set i 312 and a rotating shaft i 313, the friction wheel 311 is rotatably installed on the car 1, the friction wheel 311 is connected to the rotating shaft i 313 through the gear set i 312 to realize rotation of the rotating shaft i 313, and the friction wheel 311 is tightly attached to the hoistway guide rail 2, so that the friction wheel 311 can realize forward rotation or reverse rotation in the up-down lifting process of the car. The speed-limiting trigger module 32 comprises a clutch sleeve 321, a clutch head 322, a bevel gear I323, a bevel gear II 324, a sliding shaft 325, a shaft head 326, a rotary pull rod 327, a pendulum 328, a socket base 329 and a middle shaft 3210, the clutch sleeve 321 and the rotating shaft I313 are axially slid and circumferentially fixedly connected (realized by a spline, a sliding key and the like), the sliding shaft 325 and the bevel gear II 324 are rotatably mounted on the car 1, the bevel gear I323 and the bevel gear II 324 are engaged with each other, one end of the sliding shaft 325 is fixedly provided with the clutch sleeve 321, the sliding shaft 325 is sleeved with the clutch head 322 and the bevel gear I323, the clutch head 322 and the bevel gear I323 are fixed, so that the clutch head 322 and the bevel gear I323 are rotatably mounted on the sliding shaft 325, the sliding shaft 325 can axially slide relative to the clutch head 322 and the bevel gear I323, one end of the shaft head 326 and the rotary pull rod 327 is fixed on the sliding shaft, the other end of the rotating pull rod 327 is hinged to the middle of the pendulum 328, one end of the pendulum 328 is hinged to a sleeve-joint seat 329, the sleeve-joint seat 329 is fixed to the middle shaft 3210, the middle shaft 3210 is rotatably mounted on the car 1, a sliding shaft compression spring for pushing the shaft head 326 to the clutch head 322 is sleeved on the sliding shaft 325, and the sliding shaft 325 is inserted into the sleeve-joint seat 329, so that the sliding shaft 325 can rotate relative to the sleeve-joint seat 329. The rotation of the friction wheel 311 can drive the clutch sleeve 321 to rotate, thereby driving the sliding shaft 325 to rotate, the sliding shaft 325 can drive the pendulum bob 328 to rotate around the axis of the sliding shaft 325 through the rotating pull rod 327, when the pendulum bob 328 rotates at a high speed, under the action of the centrifugal force of the ball at the other end of the pendulum bob 328, the pendulum bob 328 can rotate around one end of the pendulum bob 328, thereby pulling the clutch sleeve 321 to enable the clutch sleeve to overcome the elasticity of the pressure spring of the sliding shaft to lean against the clutch head 322, when the speed of the car 1 exceeds a limited speed, the rotating angle of the pendulum bob 328 rotating around one end of the pendulum bob 328 can be larger, so that the clutch sleeve 321 is in contact with and firmly buckled with the clutch head 322, thereby driving the clutch head 322 to rotate through the clutch sleeve 321, thereby driving the bevel gear i 323 to drive the bevel gear ii 324 to rotate, the bevel gear ii 324 rotates to drive the brake module 33 to realize a braking action. The brake module 33 comprises a transmission mechanism 331, a brake support 332, a brake screw 333 and two brake members 334, the brake support 332 is fixed on the car 1, the two brake members 334 are respectively arranged at two sides of the elevator shaft guide rail 2, the brake screw 333 is rotatably mounted on the brake support 332, the brake screw 333 is connected to the bevel gear II 324 through the transmission mechanism 331 so as to realize that the brake screw 333 is driven to rotate through the speed-limiting trigger module 32, two thread sections are arranged on the brake screw 333, the two thread sections are respectively a right-handed thread section and a left-handed thread section, the brake member 334 comprises a brake slider 3341 and a brake pad 3342, the brake slider 3341 and the brake pad 3342 are fixed, the brake slider 3341 is slidably mounted on the brake support 332, the brake sliders 3341 of the two brake members 334 are respectively in threaded fit with the two thread sections, so that the brake pads 3342 of the two brake members 334 can be close, so that the brake pads 3342 of the two sets of brake members 334 can clamp or release the shaft guide rails 2 to achieve the brake application and release. The braking module 33 adopts the braking screw 333 to realize braking, and has the following advantages: (1) the thread matching has self-locking property, so that the braking force can be kept in the locking process, and the enough braking force can be ensured after the car 1 stops in time; (2) the matching of the threads can generate larger pressure, so that the brake pad 3342 can generate larger braking force, the braking force is ensured, and the problem of insufficient braking force caused by elastic fatigue of the spring when the existing spring is used as the braking force is solved. The transmission mechanism 331 adopts a belt transmission mechanism 331 or a chain transmission mechanism 331, the belt transmission mechanism 331 comprises a transmission wheel I, a transmission wheel II and a transmission belt I, the transmission belt I is connected with the transmission wheel I and the transmission wheel II, the transmission wheel I is fixed with a bevel gear II 324, and the transmission wheel II is fixed with a brake screw 333. The engagement mode of the clutch sleeve 321 and the clutch head 322 is to ensure that the clutch sleeve 321 and the clutch head 322 can be stably combined when the car 1 falls at an overspeed, and before the car 1 stops, the clutch sleeve 321 and the clutch head 322 can also be prevented from being disengaged, and in order to ensure the design goal, the clutch sleeve 321 and the plugging cavity 3211 adopt the following structures: the clutch sleeve 321 (shown in (a) of fig. 6) has an insertion cavity 3211 for inserting the clutch head 322, the outer wall of the clutch head 322 is fixed with a plurality of clamping heads 3221 (shown in (b) of fig. 6), the outer end of the insertion cavity 3211 is fixed with a plurality of stopper sets, each stopper set includes an outer stopper 3212 for stopping the clamping head 3221 (the specific function of the outer stopper 3212 is to prevent the clamping head 3221 from sliding axially to one side, which not only prevents the clutch sleeve 321 from axially disengaging from the clutch head 322), and an inner stopper 3213 for stopping the clamping head 3221 (the specific function of the inner stopper 3213 is to drive the clamping head 3221 to rotate around the axis of the clutch head 322, which also drives the clutch head 322 to rotate through the clutch sleeve 321). After the engaging head 3221 is clamped into the engaging cavity 3211, because there is a speed difference between the engaging sleeve 321 and the engaging head 322 at this time, the engaging head 3221 rotates relative to the engaging cavity 3211, the inner stopper 3213 rapidly abuts against the engaging head 3221 (shown in (c) of fig. 6) to drive the engaging head 322 to rotate, and after the elevator speed drops, because the outer stopper 3212 blocks the engaging head 3221 to avoid axial sliding thereof, axial separation of the engaging sleeve 321 relative to the engaging head 322 is avoided, so that the car 1 can be decelerated to stop by the combination of the engaging sleeve 321 and the engaging head 322. After the car 1 stops and danger is discharged, the braking state needs to be relieved, in the embodiment, the clutch sleeve 321 and the clutch head 322 are separated through the reset releasing module 34, the reset releasing module 34 comprises a releasing motor 341, a releasing gear I342 and a releasing gear II 343, the releasing gear I342 is fixed on an output shaft of the releasing motor 341, the releasing gear I342 is meshed with the releasing gear II 343, and the releasing gear II 343 is fixed on the clutch head 322. When the elevator normally runs, the release motor 341 is in a power-off state, it is ensured that the release motor 341 does not block the clutch head 322 from rotating, after the car 1 stops and danger is discharged, the release motor 341 is powered on, the release motor 341 drives the release gear I342 and the release gear II 343 to rotate for a certain angle, the outer stopper 3212 is separated from the clamping head 3221, under the action of the sliding shaft pressure spring, the clutch sleeve 321 is separated from the clutch head 322 in the axial direction, the release motor 341 continues to drive the release gear II 343 to rotate, the brake screw 333 rotates in the reverse direction, the brake pad 3342 is separated from the elevator shaft guide rail 2, and after the brake limitation is released, the elevator can be lifted through traction of the traction machine.

The speed-limiting brake device 3 can rapidly control the brake module 33 to perform brake operation through the speed-limiting trigger module 32 when the descending speed of the car 1 is too high, the operation speed is high, the speed-limiting brake device 3 is integrated on the car 1, unified maintenance and overhaul can be performed, the operation is convenient, the safety gear of the car 1, the speed limiter and the steel wire rope at the top of the elevator shaft are required to be detected simultaneously in original overhaul, and the detection positions are more; linkage between the two speed limiting brake devices 3 can be set (through the middle shaft 3210), and even if one of the two speed limiting brake devices fails, the other friction wheel 311 slips and the other friction wheel operates normally, the brake function can be ensured.

Referring to fig. 2 and 7, the rope breakage monitoring device 4 includes a follow-up traction module 41, a monitoring sensor 42, a monitoring bracket 43, and a plurality of sets of sheave modules 44, where each sheave module 44 includes a sheave 441, a sheave guide rod 442, and a guide rod compression spring 443, the sheave guide rod 442 is slidably mounted on the monitoring bracket 43, the sheave 441 is rotatably mounted at one end of the sheave guide rod 442, a compression spring for pushing the sheave 441 against the hoist rope 11 is sleeved on the sheave guide rod 442, the sheave 441 of each set of sheave modules 44 is pressed one by one on each hoist rope 11, so that the sheave 441 is driven to rotate by the operation of the hoist rope 11, each sheave guide rod 442 is provided with a long groove 4421, a trigger rod 411 is slidably mounted in the long groove 4421, the trigger rod 411 is initially located at the upper end of the long groove 4421, and when any hoist rope 11 is suddenly disconnected or loosened, the corresponding sheave guide rod 442 slides downward, the trigger bar 411 is driven downwards by the sheave guide rod 442, the monitoring sensor 42 is fixed on the monitoring bracket 43, when the trigger bar 411 descends, the trigger bar 411 triggers the monitoring sensor 42, and the monitoring sensor 42 sends a signal to the control system to monitor that the hoist rope 11 is suddenly disconnected or loosened. The follow-up traction module 41 comprises a trigger lever 411, a traction diagonal lever 412, a traction shaft lever seat 413, a traction shaft lever 414, a shifting block 415 and a traction pressure spring 416, wherein the trigger lever 411 is horizontally arranged and is integrally and vertically installed on the car 1 in a sliding manner, one end of the traction diagonal lever 412 is hinged on the trigger lever 411, the other end of the traction diagonal lever 412 is hinged on one end of the traction shaft lever 414, the traction shaft lever 414 is horizontally and slidably installed on the traction shaft lever seat 413, the car 1 is fixed on the traction shaft lever seat 413, the traction shaft lever 414 is sleeved with the traction pressure spring 416, two ends of the traction pressure spring 416 respectively abut against shaft shoulders on the traction shaft lever seat 413 and the traction shaft lever 414, the shifting block 415 is fixed at the other end of the traction shaft lever 414, a slot is formed in the shifting block 415, a shifting block 417 is fixed on the shaft head 326 and is located in the slot, the shifting block 415 cannot rotate in a limited manner (it needs to be described, although there is friction, the dial piece 417 will not stop rotating, the slot and the dial 415 may further adopt a smooth surface, so as to reduce friction), when the follower traction module 41 slides up and down on the trigger bar 411, the follower traction module will pull the traction shaft 414 to slide, so as to drive the slot to dial the dial piece 417, so as to drive the shaft head 326 to slide, so as to combine the clutch sleeve 321 and the clutch head 322. Because any hoisting rope 11 of the elevator is loosened or disconnected, the elevator is possibly dangerous at any time, at the moment, pre-braking of the elevator is very necessary, after the trigger lever 411 descends, the monitoring sensor 42 sends a signal to the control system, so that the control system and the traction machine are emergently braked, and the clutch sleeve 321 and the clutch head 322 are combined together before the elevator is overspeed, so that preparation is made for braking of the brake module 33, and the safety is further improved. The strip-shaped groove 4421 can bring two functions by adopting a strip-shaped structure: the sheave guide rod 442 can be driven by the downward sliding of any sheave guide rod 442, the disconnection of any hoisting rope 11 can be monitored without arranging a monitoring sensor 42 corresponding to each hoisting rope 11, and when the elevator descends at an overspeed, the toggle 415 can be driven by the toggle piece 417 because the trigger rod 411 is provided with a downward moving space due to the arrangement of the long groove 4421, and the trigger action of the speed-limiting trigger module 32 cannot be influenced.

Referring to fig. 7 and 9, the slip monitoring device 5 includes a differential slow-release module 51, a differential belt module 52, a synchronous access module 53 and two elastic tensioning modules 54. The differential slow release module 51 comprises a slow release sliding support 511, an inner wheel 512, an outer wheel 513 and a plurality of slow release assemblies 514, the slow release sliding support 511 is slidably mounted on the car 1, a sliding support pressure spring for upwards propping against the slow release sliding support 511 is arranged on the car 1, the inner wheel 512 and the outer wheel 513 are coaxially arranged and respectively rotatably mounted on the sliding support, so that the inner wheel 512 and the outer wheel 513 can relatively rotate, a bevel gear III 515 and a bevel gear IV 516 are rotatably mounted on the sliding support, the bevel gear III and the bevel gear IV 516 are mutually meshed, the bevel gear III 515 drives the inner wheel 512 to rotate through a gear set II, the slow release assemblies 514 comprise an inner cam block 5141, an outer cam block 5142 and a micro cylinder 5143, the outer cam block 5142 is fixed on the outer wheel 513, the inner cam block 5141 is slidably mounted along the radial direction of the inner wheel 512, the micro cylinder 5143 comprises a cylinder body, a piston pressure, the piston is fixed to the one end of the movable rod, the piston is installed in the cylinder body in a sliding mode, a piston pressure spring used for propping against the piston is installed in the cylinder body, a fine hole 51431 is formed in the bottom of the piston pressure spring, when the piston compresses gas in the cylinder body, the gas in the cylinder body can be discharged through the fine hole 51431, and the inner cam is fixed to the other end of the movable rod. The synchronous access module 53 comprises a gear set III 531 and a gearbox 532, the sliding shaft 325 is linked to the gearbox 532 through the gear set III 531, and an output shaft of the gearbox 532 is axially and fixedly connected with a bevel gear IV 516 in a sliding mode (realized through a spline, a sliding key and the like) in the circumferential direction. The differential belt module 52 comprises a synchronous belt 521, a synchronous wheel I522 and a synchronous wheel II 523, wherein the synchronous belt 521 is connected with the synchronous wheel I522 and the synchronous wheel II 523. The synchronizing wheel I522 fixes the outer wheel 513, the hoisting rope 11 is supported against the rotating wheel, and the synchronizing wheel II 523 fixes the rotating wheel (the sheave 441 in the embodiment). The linear velocity of the rotating sheave is the same as the moving velocity of the hoist rope 11, and in this embodiment, the rotating sheave and the sheave 441 are the same member. The transmission ratio of the rotating wheel and the outer wheel 513 and the transmission ratio between the friction wheel 311 and the inner wheel 512 are adaptive, so that the rotating speeds of the outer wheel 513 and the inner wheel 512 are the same in the normal lifting process of the elevator. The elastic tensioning modules 54 comprise tensioning wheels 541, wheel rods 542, limit switches 543 and wheel rod pressure springs 544, the tensioning wheels 541 are rotatably mounted on the wheel rods 542, the wheel rods 542 are slidably mounted on the car 1, the wheel rod pressure springs 544 for pushing the tensioning wheels 541 against the synchronous belt are sleeved on the wheel rods 542, the two groups of elastic tensioning modules 54 are respectively located on two sides of the synchronous belt, the car 1 is fixedly provided with the limit switches 543, and the wheel rods 542 are fixedly provided with sliding lugs 545 for triggering the limit switches 543. When the friction wheel 311 encounters an oil stain area on the shaft guide rail 2, the friction wheel 311 slips, which causes a difference between the rotating speeds of the outer wheel 513 and the inner wheel 512 suddenly, so that the outer wheel 513 rotates relative to the inner wheel 512, the outer cam and the inner cam are impacted together, the rotation of the outer wheel 513 is blocked, the rotation of the synchronizing wheel II 523 is blocked, the rotating speed of the synchronizing wheel II 523 is unchanged, the synchronizing wheel II slides downwards towards the synchronizing wheel I522 through the synchronizing belt, which not only drives the slow-release sliding support 511 to slide downwards for a certain distance quickly, so that the distance between the synchronizing wheel I522 and the synchronizing wheel II 523 is reduced, one side of the synchronizing belt is shortened, the other side of the synchronizing belt is shortened, the tension wheels 541 on both sides move synchronously, so that the synchronizing belt is in a tensioned state, meanwhile, the sliding bump 545 slides linearly to trigger the limit switch 543, the limit switch 543 is connected to the control system, so that the control system detects that the floor area at this time has, the staff is subsequently arranged to check the safety of the rails of this floor area. The reason for providing the differential slow-release module 51 is that although the transmission ratio of the rotating wheel and the outer wheel 513 and the transmission ratio between the friction wheel 311 and the inner wheel 512 are adapted, so that the rotating speeds of the outer wheel 513 and the inner wheel 512 are the same in the normal lifting process of the elevator, but the same rotating speeds are only theoretically feasible, in practice, due to reasons such as manufacturing accuracy, the outer wheel 513 and the inner wheel 512 have a slight rotating speed difference, the outer cam presses the inner cam at a very small speed, gas in the cylinder body can be discharged through the fine hole 51431, the inner wheel 512 cannot cause large rotating resistance to the outer wheel 513, and the deviation amplitude of the belt is not large, so that the normal operation of the detection equipment is ensured, and the influence of manufacturing errors on the detection of the equipment is avoided. When the inner wheel 512 slips and decelerates due to the friction wheel 311, the inner wheel 512 and the outer wheel 513 have huge speed difference, gas is discharged from the gas pore 51431 in the cylinder body rapidly and is not timely, the movable rod cannot descend rapidly, the outer cam and the inner cam are impacted together, the rotation of the outer wheel 513 is blocked, and therefore the rotation of the synchronizing wheel II 523 is blocked.

The above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. An elevator safety protection system characterized in that: the device comprises a slip monitoring device, wherein the slip monitoring device comprises a differential slow release module, a differential belt module, a synchronous access module and two elastic tensioning modules, a friction wheel is rotatably arranged on a lift car and clings to a shaft guide rail, and the friction wheel is linked to a sliding shaft; the differential slow release module comprises a slow release sliding support, an inner wheel, an outer wheel and a plurality of slow release components, the slow release sliding support is slidably mounted on a lift car, a sliding support pressure spring used for upwards propping against the slow release sliding support is arranged on the lift car, the inner wheel and the outer wheel are coaxially arranged and respectively rotatably mounted on the sliding support, so that the inner wheel and the outer wheel can relatively rotate, a bevel gear III and a bevel gear IV are rotatably mounted on the sliding support, the bevel gear III and the bevel gear IV are mutually meshed, the bevel gear III drives the inner wheel to rotate through a gear set II, the slow release components comprise an inner cam block, an outer cam block and a micro cylinder, the outer cam block is fixed on the outer wheel, the inner cam block is slidably mounted along the radial direction of the inner wheel, the micro cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston pressure spring, a piston and a movable rod, one end of the movable rod is fixed with, the pore has been seted up to the bottom of piston pressure spring, when the gas in the piston compression cylinder body, gas in the cylinder body can be got rid of through the pore, the fixed inner cam of the other end of movable rod, differential belt module includes synchronous belt, synchronizing wheel I, synchronizing wheel II, synchronous belt connects synchronizing wheel I and synchronizing wheel II, the fixed foreign steamer of synchronizing wheel I, support on the towline and rotate the wheel, the fixed rotation wheel of synchronizing wheel II, the drive ratio of rotating wheel and foreign steamer, the drive ratio adaptation between friction pulley and the interior wheel for the elevator normal lift in-process, the rotational speed of foreign steamer and interior wheel is the same, synchronous access module is used for inserting the power of sliding shaft into the bevel gear IV of slow-release differential module, elasticity tensioning module is used for tensioning synchronous belt.

2. The traction elevator safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the elastic tensioning modules comprise tensioning wheels, wheel rods, limit switches and wheel rod pressure springs, the tensioning wheels are rotatably installed on the wheel rods, the wheel rods are slidably installed on the car, the wheel rod pressure springs for pushing the tensioning wheels to the synchronous belt are sleeved on the wheel rods, the two groups of elastic tensioning modules are respectively located on two sides of the synchronous belt, the car is fixedly provided with the limit switches, and the wheel rods are fixedly provided with sliding lugs for triggering the limit switches.

3. The traction elevator safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the synchronous access module comprises a gear set III and a gearbox, a sliding shaft is linked to the gearbox through the gear set III, and an output shaft of the gearbox is fixedly connected with a bevel gear IV in an axial sliding and circumferential direction.

4. The traction elevator safety monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the rope breakage monitoring device comprises a follow-up traction module, a monitoring sensor, a monitoring bracket and a plurality of groups of sheave modules, the sheave modules comprise sheaves, sheave guide rods and guide rod pressure springs, the sheave guide rods are slidably mounted on the monitoring bracket, the sheaves are rotatably mounted at one ends of the sheave guide rods, the sheave guide rods are sleeved with the pressure springs for pushing the sheaves against the hoisting ropes, the sheaves of each group of sheave modules are pressed on each hoisting rope one by one, thereby driving the grooved pulleys to rotate by the running of the hauling rope, and each grooved pulley guide rod is provided with a long groove, the long strip groove is internally and slidably provided with a trigger rod, the trigger rod is positioned at the upper end of the long strip groove in an initial state, when any hauling rope is suddenly disconnected or loosened, when the corresponding grooved wheel guide rod slides downwards, the trigger rod is driven downwards by the grooved wheel guide rod, and the monitoring sensor is fixed on the monitoring support.