CN111761256A - Flux-cored wire for surfacing welding with abrasion-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions - Google Patents

Flux-cored wire for surfacing welding with abrasion-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111761256A
CN111761256A CN202010666725.XA CN202010666725A CN111761256A CN 111761256 A CN111761256 A CN 111761256A CN 202010666725 A CN202010666725 A CN 202010666725A CN 111761256 A CN111761256 A CN 111761256A
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percent
flux
outer skin
sheath
core
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Inventor
刘胜新
陈永
吴书菲
马贺祥
付雅迪
陈志民
袁红高
纠永涛
潘继民
王靖博
连明洋
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Zhengzhou University
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Zhengzhou University
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Priority to CN202010666725.XA priority Critical patent/CN111761256A/en
Priority to CN202010969830.0A priority patent/CN112025135B/en
Publication of CN111761256A publication Critical patent/CN111761256A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0272Rods, electrodes, wires with more than one layer of coating or sheathing material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/365Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/368Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and particularly relates to a flux-cored welding wire for surfacing with a wear-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions, which comprises a cross core, a sheath I, a sheath II and a flux core; the cross core is made of titanium alloy, the sheath I is made of tantalum alloy, and the sheath II is made of niobium alloy; the medicine core comprises the following components: 9 to 12 percent of hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres, 10.2 to 12.6 percent of nano silicon nitride, 3.5 to 5.2 percent of Mg, 2.5 to 4.2 percent of manganese fluoride, 4.2 to 5.6 percent of sodium carbonate, and the balance of FHT 100.25 reduced iron powder. The surfacing deposited metal can form various carbides and nitrides, the hard phases are various and large in quantity, and the wear-resistant surfacing layer can adapt to complex working conditions; the metallurgical reaction of the molten pool is sufficient, the minimum value of the hardness of the deposited metal is 68.2HRC, the hardness distribution is uniform, and the service cycle of the weld overlay is more than 3 times that of a surfacing layer of a common flux-cored wire.

Description

Flux-cored wire for surfacing welding with abrasion-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and particularly relates to a flux-cored welding wire for surfacing, wherein a wear-resistant surfacing layer adapts to complex working conditions.
Background
Abrasion is one of the main reasons causing mechanical failure, such as grinding rolls and millstones of vertical mills in cement plants, squeeze rolls, grinding rolls and millstones of coal mills in thermal power plants, hammers and rollers of crushers, shovel teeth of excavators, blades of shot blasting machines, lining plates and sieve plates, and the like, which cannot be used continuously due to local abrasion and damage in the using process and have huge loss. The surfacing technology is a common surface modification and repair method, in recent years, a flux-cored wire gradually becomes a preferred welding material for hardfacing, and by surfacing special alloy on the surface of a workpiece, the hardness of the workpiece can be improved, the wear resistance is enhanced, and the service cycle of the workpiece is prolonged.
The prior hardfacing flux-cored wire has the following problems in surfacing:
1) hard phases formed in the deposited metal by build-up welding: the number of the first layer is small. The filling rate of the powder particles in the common flux-cored wire cannot be too high (generally less than 50%), in addition, the electric arc is a moving heat source during welding, the welding process is a process of rapid melting, rapid cooling and solidification, and the melting rate of the powder particles in the flux-cored wire is difficult to ensure, so the quantity of formed hard phases is small, and the hardness improvement effect on the wear-resistant surfacing layer is not obvious; ② the varieties are few. Due to the limitation of the kind of the alloy powder to be filled, the kind of the produced hard phase is small, and the stability, shape, size and distribution form are relatively single. Due to the combined action of the first step and the second step, the abrasion-resistant surfacing layer can only work under simple working conditions and cannot adapt to complex working conditions.
2) In order to form a carbide hard phase in deposited metal of surfacing welding, a carbon source needs to be added into a flux core, but due to the agglomeration effect of the carbon source such as graphite and the like, under the action of arc heat input and arc force, carbides formed by the carbon source and other elements are not uniformly distributed, so that the hardness distribution of the deposited metal of surfacing welding of the whole workpiece is not uniform, and the aim of enhancing the wear resistance cannot be achieved.
Therefore, the improvement and innovation of the flux-cored wire for hardfacing is a technical problem which is urgently solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a flux-cored welding wire for surfacing, which is suitable for complex working conditions of a wear-resistant surfacing layer, and has the following technical effects: the hard phases formed in the hardfacing layer are various in types and large in total amount, and can adapt to complex working conditions; and carbide formed by carbon and other elements in the wear-resistant surfacing layer is uniformly distributed, so that the hardness of deposited metal is greatly improved, and the hardness is uniformly distributed.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a flux-cored welding wire for surfacing of a wear-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions comprises a cross core, a sheath I, a sheath II and a flux core;
on the cross section perpendicular to the length of the welding wire, the cross core is in a cross shape, one end of the cross core is provided with a rectangular groove penetrating in the length direction, the outer skin I and the outer skin II are wound by two metal strips which are tightly attached together to form a circular ring, a bending part is formed at the annular closed position and is bent towards the circle center direction of the circular ring after the circular ring is formed, the bending part is in interference fit with the rectangular groove to connect the cross core, the outer skin I and the outer skin II together, and the closed position of the outer skin II is provided with a welding line;
the flux core is filled in a gap between the cross core and the outer skin I;
the cross core comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 8.4 to 10.5 percent of Al, 1.3 to 1.5 percent of Mo, 1.3 to 1.6 percent of V and the balance of Ti;
the sheath I (2) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: w is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, Ni is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Fe is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ti is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance is Ta;
the sheath II (3) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: ni is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, Ti is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and the balance is Nb;
the flux core comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 9 to 12 percent of hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres, 10.2 to 12.6 percent of nano silicon nitride, 3.5 to 5.2 percent of Mg, 2.5 to 4.2 percent of manganese fluoride, 4.2 to 5.6 percent of sodium carbonate, and the balance of FHT 100.25 reduced iron powder.
The thickness of crust I is 0.1mm-0.8mm, and the thickness of crust II is 0.1mm-0.8 mm.
The thickness of the outer skin I is the same as that of the outer skin II.
The thickness of the outer skin I is different from that of the outer skin II.
The welding line is discontinuous and is obtained by adopting an electron beam welding method.
The diameter of the welding wire is 3.2mm-8.0mm, preferably 5.0mm-7.0 mm.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1) the deposited metal of the surfacing contains a plurality of hard phases with large total quantity, and the wear-resistant surfacing layer can adapt to complex working conditions. The sheath I, the sheath II and the inner cross core have different chemical compositions, the sheath I, the sheath II and the inner cross core are completely melted during surfacing, a plurality of carbides (tantalum carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide, silicon carbide and the like) and nitrides (tantalum nitride, niobium nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride and the like) can be formed in the surfacing deposited metal, the types of hard phases are various, and the hard phases with different shapes, different sizes and different distribution forms are uniformly and alternately distributed; due to the adoption of the structure of double outer skins and the inner cross core, the welding electrode is melted during welding, most of main elements forming hard phases (carbide and nitride) can be melted during welding, the number of atoms is large, and the total number of the formed hard phases is large enough.
2) The carbide is uniformly distributed, and the obtained surfacing deposited metal has high hardness, uniform distribution and good wear resistance. Hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres with the nanoscale outer diameter are used as a carbon source, a large number of interfaces exist in the nanoscale carbon microspheres, and the nanoscale carbon microspheres have high-density short-range diffusion paths, so that the carbon sources are easier to diffuse in a metal melt than carbon sources such as graphite, the hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres are uniformly distributed during welding, atoms such as tantalum, niobium, titanium, silicon and iron can enter a hollow cage through mesopores to further burst the hollow cage, the carbon distribution is more uniform, various carbides mainly comprising tantalum carbide, niobium carbide, titanium carbide and silicon carbide are uniformly distributed, and the obtained surfacing deposited metal is high in hardness and uniform in distribution.
3) The minimum value of the hardness of the surfacing deposited metal obtained through experiments is 68.2HRC, the hardness value is high, and the wear resistance is good; the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of 30 hardness test points is 1.1HRC, and the hardness of deposited metal is uniformly distributed; the experimental determination shows that the service cycle of the wear-resistant surfacing layer of the flux-cored wire is more than 3 times that of a common wear-resistant surfacing layer of the flux-cored wire, and the welding manufacturability is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a flux-cored welding wire for build-up welding, which is suitable for complex working conditions, of a wear-resistant build-up welding layer according to the present invention, perpendicular to the length direction of the welding wire;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a cross-core of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a cross core; 1-1, a rectangular groove; 2. a sheath I; 3. a skin II; 4. a drug core; 5. and (7) welding seams.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples and comparative examples, which are set forth to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a flux-cored wire for build-up welding, which is suitable for complex working conditions, of a wear-resistant build-up welding layer comprises a cross core 1, a sheath i 2, a sheath ii 3 and a flux core 4; on the cross section perpendicular to the length of the welding wire, a cross core 1 is in a cross shape, one end of the cross core is provided with a rectangular groove 1-1 penetrating through the length direction, a sheath I2 and a sheath II 3 are wound by two metal strips which are tightly attached together to form a circular ring, after the circular ring is formed, a bent part is bent towards the circle center direction of the circular ring at the annular closed position to prepare, and the bent part is in interference fit with the rectangular groove 1-1 to connect the cross core 1, the sheath I2 and the sheath II 3 together; a welding seam 5 is arranged at the closed position of the outer skin II 3; the medicine core 4 is filled in the gap between the cross core 1 and the outer skin I2.
The cross core 1 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 8.4 to 10.5 percent of Al, 1.3 to 1.5 percent of Mo, 1.3 to 1.6 percent of V and the balance of Ti.
The sheath I (2) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: w is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, Ni is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Fe is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ti is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance is Ta.
The sheath II (3) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.015 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of Ti and the balance of Nb.
The flux core 4 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 9% of hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres, 10.2% of nano silicon nitride, 3.5% of Mg, 2.5% of manganese fluoride, 4.2% of sodium carbonate and the balance of FHT 100.25 reduced iron powder.
The thickness of crust I2 is 0.1mm, and the thickness of crust II 3 is 0.5 mm.
The welding seam is discontinuous and is obtained by adopting an electron beam welding method.
The diameter of the welding wire is 5.0 mm.
Example 2:
the structural shape of the flux cored wire was prepared as in example 1.
The chemical compositions and the amounts of the cross core 1, the sheath I2 and the sheath II 3 are the same as those of the example 1.
The flux core 4 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 12% of hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres, 12.6% of nano silicon nitride, 5.2% of Mg5.2%, 4.2% of manganese fluoride, 5.6% of sodium carbonate and the balance of FHT 100.25 reduced iron powder.
The thickness of crust I2 is 0.3mm, and the thickness of crust II 3 is 0.5 mm.
The diameter of the welding wire is 8.0 mm.
Example 3:
the structural shape of the flux cored wire was prepared as in example 1.
The chemical compositions and the amounts of the cross core 1, the sheath I2 and the sheath II 3 are the same as those of the example 1.
The flux core 4 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10.5% of hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres, 11.4% of nano silicon nitride, 4.35% of Mg4, 3.35% of manganese fluoride, 4.9% of sodium carbonate and the balance of FHT 100.25 reduced iron powder.
The thickness of crust I2 is 0.4mm, and the thickness of crust II 3 is 0.4 mm.
The diameter of the welding wire is 6.0 mm.
Comparative example 1:
basically the same as example 3, but there is no cross core 1-1 in the middle of the wire, and sheath I2 and sheath II 3 need not be bent, but are closed to form an O-shape.
Comparative example 2:
basically the same as example 3, except that there is only sheath I2 and no sheath II 3.
Comparative example 3:
basically the same as example 3, except that there is no sheath I2 and only sheath II 3.
Comparative example 4:
basically the same as example 3, but only one outer skin made of low carbon steel strip, without outer skin i 2 and outer skin ii 3.
Comparative example 5:
basically the same as example 3, but the hollow cage carbon microspheres in the chemical composition of the core 4 are replaced with graphite.
Comparative example 6:
essentially the same as in example 3, but with the chemical composition of the core 4 being such that the nano-silicon nitride is replaced by silicon nitride of conventional size (not nano). Comparative example 7:
the flux-cored wire is manufactured by adopting a common structure, the middle of the wire is not provided with a cross core 1-1, the outer skin is a layer of low-carbon steel belt, and the flux-cored components are the same as those in the embodiment 3.
The flux-cored wires obtained in the examples and the comparative examples were subjected to multi-pass multi-layer surfacing on a Q420 steel test plate, a sample was taken from the same position of the surfacing metal from the surface on the test plate, a hardness test was performed, and a wear-resistant layer wear test was performed, with the results shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002580669520000041
Note: comparative examples 1 and 7 were unstable in arc combustion during welding and poor in welding manufacturability.
From examples 1, 2, 3 it can be seen that: the surfacing deposited metal obtained by the invention has high average hardness value, uniform hardness distribution and good wear resistance.
From comparative examples 1, 2, 3, 4 it can be seen that: the cross core does not exist; secondly, only adopting tantalum alloy skins; thirdly, only adopting niobium alloy sheath; and fourthly, only adopting the low-carbon steel belt sheath. The average hardness value of the surfacing deposited metal obtained in the four cases is not high, the hardness distribution is not uniform, and the wear resistance is not good.
From comparative example 5 it can be seen that: the hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres in the chemical components of the flux core are replaced by graphite, and the obtained surfacing deposited metal has low average hardness value, uneven hardness distribution and poor wear resistance.
From comparative example 6 it can be seen that: because the nanometer silicon nitride is not adopted, part of the silicon is decomposed into nitrogen and silicon under the action of arc heat input, the silicon reacts with carbon to form silicon carbide with high hardness, and the nitrogen reacts with tantalum, niobium and titanium to generate hard phases such as tantalum nitride, niobium nitride and titanium nitride; in addition, a part of undecomposed silicon nitride can not be used as nucleation particles to play a non-spontaneous nucleation role, the hardness of the surfacing deposited metal can not be improved by combining the self hardness of the silicon nitride, the phenomenon that the wear-resistant layer is damaged by cutting of larger-size particles can not be avoided, the average hardness value of the obtained surfacing deposited metal is not high, the hardness distribution is not uniform, and the wear resistance is not good.
From comparative example 7 it can be seen that: the flux-cored wire is manufactured by adopting a common structure, and the obtained surfacing deposited metal has low average hardness value, uneven hardness distribution and poor wear resistance.
In addition, as can be seen from comparative examples 1 and 7: because the cross core does not exist, the center of the welding wire has poor conductivity, the arc combustion is unstable, and the welding manufacturability is poor.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a wear-resisting surfacing layer adapts to flux-cored welding wire for build-up welding of complicated operating mode which characterized in that: comprises a cross core (1), a sheath I (2), a sheath II (3) and a medicine core (4);
on the cross section perpendicular to the length of the welding wire, the cross core (1) is in a cross shape, one end of the cross core is provided with a rectangular groove (1-1) penetrating through the length direction, the outer skin I (2) and the outer skin II (3) are wound by two metal strips which are tightly attached together to form a circular ring, a bent part is formed at the annular closed position and is bent towards the circle center direction of the circular ring after the circular ring is formed, the bent part is in interference fit with the rectangular groove (1-1) to connect the cross core (1), the outer skin I (2) and the outer skin II (3) together, and a welding seam (5) is arranged at the closed position of the outer skin II (3);
the flux core (4) is filled in a gap between the cross core (1) and the outer skin I (2);
the cross core (1) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 8.4 to 10.5 percent of Al, 1.3 to 1.5 percent of Mo, 1.3 to 1.6 percent of V and the balance of Ti;
the sheath I (2) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: w is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, Ni is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, Fe is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, Ti is less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance is Ta;
the sheath II (3) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: ni is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, Ti is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and the balance is Nb;
the flux core (4) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 9 to 12 percent of hollow cage-shaped carbon microspheres, 10.2 to 12.6 percent of nano silicon nitride, 3.5 to 5.2 percent of Mg, 2.5 to 4.2 percent of manganese fluoride, 4.2 to 5.6 percent of sodium carbonate, and the balance of FHT 100.25 reduced iron powder.
2. The flux-cored welding wire for hardfacing, adapting to complex conditions, of a hardfacing layer according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the outer skin I (2) is 0.1mm-0.8mm, and the thickness of the outer skin II (3) is 0.1mm-0.8 mm.
3. The flux-cored welding wire for hardfacing, adapting to complex conditions, of a hardfacing layer according to claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the outer skin I (2) is the same as that of the outer skin II (3).
4. The flux-cored welding wire for hardfacing, adapting to complex conditions, of a hardfacing layer according to claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the outer skin I (2) is different from that of the outer skin II (3).
5. The flux-cored welding wire for hardfacing, adapting to complex conditions, of a hardfacing layer according to claim 1, wherein: the welding seam (5) is discontinuous and is obtained by adopting an electron beam welding method.
6. The flux-cored welding wire for hardfacing, adapting to complex conditions, of a hardfacing layer according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the welding wire is 3.2mm-8.0mm, preferably 5.0mm-7.0 mm.
CN202010666725.XA 2020-07-13 2020-07-13 Flux-cored wire for surfacing welding with abrasion-resistant surfacing layer adapting to complex working conditions Pending CN111761256A (en)

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Application publication date: 20201013