CN111760453A - Industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system - Google Patents
Industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111760453A CN111760453A CN202010639758.5A CN202010639758A CN111760453A CN 111760453 A CN111760453 A CN 111760453A CN 202010639758 A CN202010639758 A CN 202010639758A CN 111760453 A CN111760453 A CN 111760453A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8671—Removing components of defined structure not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8668
- B01D53/8675—Ozone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
- B01D2255/802—Photocatalytic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment systems, in particular to an industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system. Processing system includes preprocessing device, active carbon adsorption enrichment facility, heat accumulation formula thermal combustion device, compound deodorizing device is box integrated device, includes advanced oxidation section, physics absorption section from gas inlet to export in proper order, advanced oxidation section includes gaseous flow equalizer, UV photodissociation section and photocatalysis section, the active carbon layer is added to every fluorescent tube rear end of UV photodissociation section. The gas which is not completely combusted and decomposed can be further purified, and the nitrogen oxide and the like generated at the front end can be treated, and finally the emission can reach the standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment systems, in particular to an industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system.
Background
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) refer to organic compounds with saturated vapor pressure of more than 70Pa and boiling point of below 260 ℃ at normal temperature, or all organic compounds with corresponding volatility and vapor pressure of more than or equal to 10Pa at 20 ℃. In the production process of various industries, a certain amount of VOCs can be produced, and the emission of the VOCs causes certain harm to the environment, such as formation of photochemical smog, generation of secondary organic aerosol and the like; excessive inhalation of human body can cause headache, nausea, hypodynamia and other symptoms, and some gases have carcinogenicity.
At present, the treatment mode of industrial VOCs mostly adopts a regenerative thermal combustion (RTO) or catalytic combustion mode, the principle is simple, the efficiency is high, the treatment is more thorough, and the waste gas degradation efficiency can reach more than 99%. But certain high-concentration waste gas still can not reach the standard after being combusted; or for some small molecule gases, such as carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide and other gases, the small molecule gases escape in the concentration process and cannot be fully combusted, and in the combustion process, low-concentration nitrogen oxides and other components are sometimes generated and cannot be directly discharged. Therefore, further solving this problem can improve the processing efficiency even more.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.
The invention aims to provide an industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system.
The industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system comprises a pretreatment device, an active carbon adsorption concentration device, a heat accumulating type thermal combustion device (RTO), a composite deodorization device, an adsorption fan and a desorption fan, wherein a gas inlet to a gas outlet of the composite deodorization device sequentially comprises a high-grade oxidation section and a physical adsorption section, the high-grade oxidation section comprises a gas flow equalizing plate, a UV photolysis section and a photocatalysis section, an active carbon layer is added at the rear end of each row of lamp tubes of the UV photolysis section, and the thickness of the active carbon fiber layer is 5-15 mm.
According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the pretreatment device is a dust and water removing device.
According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the pretreatment device is a filter box body, a water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the filter box body and used for discharging water vapor carried by process waste gas, and a downward pressure device is arranged at the bottom end of the equipment.
According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the main body of the active carbon adsorption concentration device is provided with 3 adsorption tanks, the active carbon adsorption concentration device is of a carbon steel structure, the adsorption material is granular carbon, columnar carbon or honeycomb active carbon, and water vapor or nitrogen is used for desorption in the desorption stage.
According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the heating device of the composite deodorization device is made of the graphene film made of the novel material and is attached to the outer wall of the heating device.
According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, 1-3 layers of ozone catalytic modules are arranged at the outlet end of the physical adsorption section, are ceramic-based or honeycomb-based catalytic nets and are fixed by a stainless steel frame, and the section is used for catalytically decomposing redundant ozone at the front end, so that secondary pollution of outlet gas to the environment is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the pretreatment device, the downward pressure device is arranged beside the water outlet, liquid water can be prevented from being entrained into rear-end treatment equipment, waste gas concentration efficiency is reduced, and treatment efficiency is reduced; the problems that liquid water cannot be completely discharged due to negative pressure at the rear end in the equipment, the liquid water is retained in the equipment, and the filter material is blocked and polluted are solved, the replacement frequency of the filter material is accelerated, the wind resistance is increased, and the burden of negative pressure air extraction at the rear end is increased.
2. According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the high-grade oxidation section is photolyzed and added with the activated carbon fiber adsorption layer, so that redundant ozone generated by photolysis is effectively consumed, no ozone removing material is required to be added at the rear end, and no secondary pollution is generated; the strong adsorbability of the activated carbon fiber and the strong oxidizing property of the ozone are utilized to improve the treatment efficiency of the activated carbon to the odor, and the activated carbon is regenerated, so that the odor treatment efficiency of the whole system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for treating industrial VOC waste gas according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the process for treating waste gas using the industrial VOC waste gas treatment system of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-pretreatment device, 2-water outlet, 3-active carbon adsorption concentration device, 4-desorption fan, 5-heat storage type thermal combustion device, 6-composite deodorization device, 7-advanced oxidation section, 8-physical adsorption section, 9-adsorption fan and 10-exhaust funnel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The industrial voc emission treatment system of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the industrial voc exhaust gas treatment system according to the present invention includes a pretreatment device 1, an activated carbon adsorption concentration device 3, a regenerative thermal combustion device 5, a complex deodorization device 6, and a fan.
According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, waste gas generated by workshop or plant area devices is conveyed to the main pipeline through point source (gas collecting hood and the like) or sealed collection by the waste gas collection system to enter the waste gas treatment system. According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the pretreatment device is a dust and water removing device.
The pretreatment device 1 is a filtering box body, carbon steel or stainless steel materials are arranged in the pretreatment device, a filtering system is arranged in the pretreatment device, and inlet gas sequentially passes through a water-vapor separator and a filtering net. The water-vapor separator is a dynamic mesh disc separator which is supported by a stainless steel plate, a plurality of dynamic intercepting mesh discs are uniformly distributed on the plate, each mesh disc consists of a plurality of spokes and is fixed through a main shaft, a motor is arranged in the middle of each mesh disc, the spokes are driven by the motor to rotate at a high speed to separate water vapor and particulate matters or dust during operation, and excessive water and solid components are separated from gas through the action of gravity. The filter screen filters the rank and is elementary + the middlely, 2-3 layers, and the elementary filtration adopts non-woven fabrics material, and the medium efficiency filter material is synthetic fiber cotton, adopts galvanized sheet or aluminum alloy as braced frame, and the sealing strip is sealed, and the filter screen intercepts impurity such as particulate matter. The two ends of the filtering system are provided with differential pressure sensors, when the resistance of the filtering system exceeds a certain limit value, the system automatically alarms, and the filter screen is replaced by a worker.
The bottom end of the filtering box body is provided with a water outlet for discharging water vapor carried by process waste gas, the bottom end of the equipment is provided with a downward pressure device, a water pumping system is arranged on one side outside the lower water outlet and specifically comprises a water pumping pipeline, a water pumping pump, a water discharging pipeline and a water discharging valve, the water pumping pump is a pipeline booster pump with a self-absorption function, and the control flow range is 1-3m3The water pumping time is set by controlling the valve switch through an automatic control system, wherein the water pumping time is 10-20min and is set once every 3-5 days. Waste gas in the production process generally has water entrainment, the humidity requirement of the adsorption material in the active carbon adsorption concentration section on the inlet waste gas is higher, the bottom end of the filter box body is provided with a water outlet 2 and a downward pressure device, so that liquid water entrainment can be avoided, the liquid water is discharged, the waste gas is prevented from being brought into rear-end treatment equipment, the waste gas concentration efficiency is reduced, and the treatment efficiency is reduced; the problems that liquid water cannot be completely discharged due to negative pressure at the rear end in the equipment, the liquid water is retained in the equipment, and the filter material is blocked and polluted are solved, the replacement frequency of the filter material is accelerated, the wind resistance is increased, and the burden of negative pressure air extraction at the rear end is increased. According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the main body of the activated carbon adsorption concentration device 3 is 3 adsorption towers with a carbon steel structure, the adsorption material is granular carbon, columnar carbon or honeycomb activated carbon, and water vapor or nitrogen is used for desorption in the desorption stage.
The height of the tower body bed layer of the active carbon adsorption concentration device 3 is 400-2000mm, when granular carbon and columnar carbon are used as adsorbents, the granular carbon and the columnar carbon are flatly paved and filled in the tower, the airspeed is less than or equal to 0.8m/s, when honeycomb carbon is used as the adsorbents, the box-type or tower-type carbon adsorption concentration device is piled in the tower, the airspeed is 0.8-1.2m/s, and the pressure drop of a single adsorption tower is less than or equal to 1000 Pa.
The heat accumulating type thermal combustion device 5(RTO) is of a three-chamber structure, a ceramic heat accumulator is filled at the lower part, a combustion chamber is arranged at the upper part, the oxidation temperature of waste gas is 760-1000 ℃, and the reaction residence time is 0.5-1.0 s.
The active carbon adsorption and desorption devices 3 work alternately, the pretreated organic waste gas enters the first adsorption bed and is adsorbed in micropores of the first adsorption bed by the active carbon adsorption layer, and clean gas is discharged through the adsorption fan 9; after the first adsorption bed is saturated in adsorption, the desorption fan 4 is started to desorb the adsorption bed, the desorbed gas firstly enters the first regenerator, and enters the combustion chamber for combustion after being preheated, and the organic waste gas is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water and releases a large amount of heat. And the purified gas enters a second heat storage chamber, the heat is released, the gas is discharged after being cooled, and the third heat storage chamber sweeps the residual waste gas to the combustion chamber for continuous oxidation. After the process is completed, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve of the heat storage chamber are switched, the second heat storage chamber is used for air inlet, the third heat storage chamber is used for air outlet, and the first heat storage chamber is used for purging and alternately running.
And a part of heat generated after the reaction in the RTO device can enter an adsorption bed layer through a heat exchanger to desorb the activated carbon, variable-temperature desorption is adopted, a hot air desorption mode is used, the desorption temperature is 80-240 ℃, and the desorption period is 100-300 min. When the desorption temperature is too high, the air supply fan can be started to supply cold, so that the temperature of the desorption gas is stabilized in a proper range.
According to the industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system, the composite deodorization device 6 is of a box-type integrated structure and sequentially comprises a high-grade oxidation section and a physical adsorption section from a gas inlet to an outlet. The method is characterized in that a glass fiber reinforced plastic or stainless steel shell is adopted, heat preservation treatment is carried out on the outer portion of the shell according to the location of a project, a heat preservation material is added, the heat preservation shell can be made of color steel, iron sheet or stainless steel, the heat preservation material is polyurethane or rock wool, and the thickness of the heat preservation layer is 30-50 mm.
Further, the advanced oxidation section comprises a gas flow equalizing plate, a UV photolysis section and a photocatalysis section.
The gas flow equalizing plate is made of a stainless steel structure and is arranged at an equipment inlet, the inlet is diffused in different angles in four directions, and the inclination angles are different according to different equipment configuration sizes, so that waste gas can be uniformly diffused to the whole cross section of the cavity, no vortex is generated, and the waste of configuration resources is avoided.
The UV photolysis section adopts a 185nm high-energy ultraviolet lamp group, the length of the lamp tube can be 810mm or 1554mm according to requirements, and the lamp tube is arranged in an in-line or in-line mode. The rear end of each row of the lamp tubes is added with an activated carbon layer, specifically an activated carbon fiber module supported by a stainless steel support frame, the thickness of the activated carbon fiber layer is 5-15mm, the adsorbent can meet the requirements of space and pressure in equipment, the adsorption capacity is strong, and the use effect is not greatly influenced by wind resistance. When the thickness of the activated carbon fiber layer is less than 5mm, although the influence on the air pressure in the equipment is small, the initial treatment efficiency is 80%, and the adsorption is saturated after 12 h; when the thickness of the activated carbon fiber layer is 5-15mm, the initial treatment efficiency is 85%, the adsorption can be continued, and the wind pressure is small; when the thickness of activated carbon fiber layer was 20mm, initial treatment efficiency was higher, more than 90%, sustainable absorption, but the wind pressure is big, causes the influence to the system negative pressure.
The photocatalysis section comprises a photocatalysis net and an ultraviolet light source, wherein the photocatalysis net comprises a stainless steel supporting frame and a photocatalysis material; the photocatalytic material can be used as a carrier for nickel-based, honeycomb-based, ceramic-based, glass fiber felt and the like, and uniformly loads the photocatalytic active components of the nano titanium dioxide; the ultraviolet light source is a high-energy ultraviolet lamp with a wave band of 254nm, and the length of the lamp tube can be 810mm or 1554 mm; the distance between the ultraviolet light source and the photocatalytic net is 5-10 cm, and the reaction residence time at this stage is 1-3 s.
The advanced oxidation section decomposes and oxidizes incompletely dissolved components in the odor, such as methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, carbon disulfide and the like, and converts the incompletely dissolved components into gas components harmless to the environment. The UV photolysis stage is to irradiate organic waste gas pollutants or malodorous gas by using ultraviolet light of a high-energy ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 185nm (bond energy: 647KJ/mol) to destroy chemical bonds of the organic waste gas pollutants or malodorous gas so as to form atoms or groups (C, H, O, and the like) in a free state; meanwhile, oxygen in the mixed air is cracked to form free oxygen to combine to generate ozone, and part of cracked atoms or small molecules react with the ozone to generate water and carbon dioxide. In addition, the combined action of the ozone generated by the photolysis section and the activated carbon fiber module is utilized, the adsorption performance of the activated carbon is efficiently utilized, the ozone decomposes and oxidizes part of odor molecules adsorbed by the activated carbon, and the decomposed molecules in micropores are continuously taken out, so that the activated carbon is regenerated, the odor treatment efficiency and the activated carbon regeneration are improved, and the service life is prolonged.
The photolysis section of the advanced oxidation section has the technical effects of adding an active carbon fiber adsorption layer: (1) the redundant ozone generated by photolysis is effectively consumed, no ozone removing material is additionally added at the rear end, and no secondary pollution is generated; (2) the strong adsorbability of the activated carbon fiber and the strong oxidizing property of the ozone are utilized to improve the treatment efficiency of the activated carbon to the odor, and the activated carbon is regenerated, so that the odor treatment efficiency of the whole system is improved.
The photocatalysis stage is that the photocatalysis material is excited to generate electron-hole pairs under the irradiation of ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 254nm, the water adsorbed on the surface of the hole decomposition catalyst generates hydroxyl radicals (OH), and the electrons reduce the oxygen around the hydroxyl radicals into oxygen anions (O)2 -) Thereby having strong oxidation-reduction capability and thoroughly degrading various pollutants passing through the surface of the photocatalyst into CO2And H2O。
The physical adsorption section adopts a drawer type drawing structure, a single-layer adsorption layer and 2-4 layers in total, and adopts high-performance adsorption materials which are coal granular carbon, columnar activated carbon, honeycomb activated carbon or molecular sieves.
The advanced oxidation section can generate ozone with certain concentration, and the ozone reacts with the waste gas to have smaller concentration allowance, so that special O can be formed by the ozone and the physical adsorption section adsorption material3BAC reaction to further oxidize incompletely oxidized small molecules, which is favorable for adsorption of microporous structures such as activated carbon on small molecule gas, improves adsorption efficiency, and regenerates adsorption materialThe service life is long, and the replacement frequency is reduced, so that the operation cost is reduced.
Example 1
(1) A chemical company produces drag reducer, a polymerization workshop produces VOCs with certain concentration, the main components are olefin, octanol, ether and ammonia, and the concentration is 200mg/m3The air volume is 60000m3And/h, treating the VOCs by using the treatment system of the application, concentrating the waste gas by 20 times, and treating efficiency as shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
(2) The waste gas generated by a certain fine chemical industry limited company is mainly acetone, and the treatment capacity is 13000m3H, acetone concentration is 1100mg/m3The required discharge concentration is 32mg/m3The treatment system of the patent is adopted to concentrate 15-20 times, and the discharge concentration after treatment is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Serial number | Contaminants | Inlet concentration (mg/m)3) | Exhaust port concentration (mg/m)3) | Purification efficiency (%) |
| 1 | Acetone (II) | 1100 | 10 | 99.1 |
(3) The main components of waste gas produced by a chemical company are non-methane total hydrocarbon, malodorous gas triethylamine, ammonia and other components, and the treatment capacity is 40000m3H, concentration of waste gas is 1000mg/m3The treatment system of the application is adopted to treat the components with VOCs and malodorous components, and the treatment results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
According to the treatment system of the present invention, the synergistic effect of UV photolysis added activated carbon in terms of treatment effect is mainly reflected in the regeneration and treatment efficiency of ozone to activated carbon, and the effect difference before and after adding activated carbon is shown in table 4 below.
TABLE 4
Claims (7)
1. An industrial volatile organic waste gas treatment system is characterized by comprising a pretreatment device, an active carbon adsorption concentration device, a heat storage type thermal combustion device, a composite deodorization device, an adsorption fan and a desorption fan,
the gas inlet of the composite deodorization device sequentially comprises an advanced oxidation section and a physical adsorption section from an outlet, wherein the advanced oxidation section comprises a gas flow equalizing plate, a UV photolysis section and a photocatalysis section, an activated carbon layer is added at the rear end of each row of lamp tubes of the UV photolysis section, and the thickness of the activated carbon fiber layer is 5-15 mm.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein a drain is disposed at a bottom end of the pre-treatment device, and a downward pressure device is disposed beside the drain.
3. The industrial voc exhaust treatment system of claim 1 wherein the pretreatment device is a dust and water removal device.
4. The industrial voc exhaust treatment system of claim 1, wherein the activated carbon adsorption concentration device comprises 3 activated carbon adsorption tanks.
5. The industrial voc exhaust treatment system of claim 4, wherein the activated carbon is granular, columnar, or honeycomb.
6. The industrial voc exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a graphene film is attached to an outer wall of the heating device of the composite deodorization device.
7. The industrial voc exhaust treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon fiber layer has a thickness of 5-15 mm.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114849418A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江天地环保科技股份有限公司 | Coking wastewater dissipation VOCs treatment system and method |
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