CN111730927A - 一种耐高温防寒面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐高温防寒面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111730927A
CN111730927A CN202010543830.4A CN202010543830A CN111730927A CN 111730927 A CN111730927 A CN 111730927A CN 202010543830 A CN202010543830 A CN 202010543830A CN 111730927 A CN111730927 A CN 111730927A
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temperature
resistant
resistant heating
layer
nano
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孙晓
王君
陈涛
巩泉泉
孙志超
孟玥枫
王平
李睿
卢林
汪美顺
高阳
费跃军
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STATE GRID JILINSHENG ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY Co ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Shandong Luneng Taishan Football Club Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jilin Electric Power Co Ltd
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STATE GRID JILINSHENG ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY Co ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Shandong Luneng Taishan Football Club Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010543830.4A priority Critical patent/CN111730927A/zh
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐高温防寒面料，包括采用热压工艺或者针刺工艺复合的表层面料、耐高温发热层和里层绒布；所述耐高温发热层是由表面和/或内部负载耐高温发热纳米颗粒的中空纤维纺织制成，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒的平均粒径为9‑10nm，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒是Na2SO4·10H2O‑Na2HPO4·12H2O/膨胀石墨纳米颗粒。本发明还公开了一种耐高温防寒面料的制备方法。本发明公开的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法简单可控，通过该方法制备的耐高温防寒面料能够在人体外形成微空调的效果，有效调节人体的外部微环境，以适应昼夜温差较大的恶劣环境，具有广阔的市场前景。

Description

一种耐高温防寒面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及面料纺织技术领域，具体涉及一种耐高温防寒面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
复合面料是将一层或多层纺织材料、无纺材料及其他功能材料经粘结贴合而成的一种新型材料。复合面料具备很多优异的性能，如织物外观丰满、防风、耐高温、防寒等功能，但是，这些复合的面料的功能一般比较单一。而在一些比如夜间温度低，日间温度高的昼夜温差较大的极端恶劣的环境中进行野外作业时，人们对面料与服装的功能的要求趋向于多元化，既要求服装既具有耐高温的功能，又要具有防寒的功能，因此，有必要提出一种同时具有耐高温、防寒功能的面料，以适应人们的需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术中存在的缺陷，提供一种耐高温防寒面料，该面料具有优良的耐高温性能和保暖性能，同时该面料亲肤舒适，是极佳的保暖内衣或防护服的原料。
本发明还提供了一种耐高温防寒面料的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是设计一种耐高温防寒面料，包括采用热压工艺或者针刺工艺复合的表层面料、耐高温发热层和里层绒布；所述表层面料采用长绒棉纤维织成纱线然后再织成表层面料；所述里层绒布由氨纶纤维和涤纶纤维构成的混纺丝织成里层绒布；所述耐高温发热层是由表面和/或内部负载耐高温发热纳米颗粒的中空纤维纺织制成，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒的平均粒径为9-10nm，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒是Na2SO4·10H2O-Na2HPO4·12H2O/膨胀石墨纳米颗粒。本发明通过中空纤维表面或内部负载耐高温发热纳米颗粒制成耐高温发热层，耐高温发热纳米颗粒具有熔点和凝固点分别为32℃和17℃的相变特征，通过相变过程中，耐高温发热纳米颗粒与环境中的热量交换实现热能的吸收和释放，在人体外形成微空调的效果，有效调节人体的外部微环境，能够更好的对在适应昼夜温差较大的恶劣环境中的野外作业的人员进行保护；中空纤维的内部中空，具有有益的保温性能；耐高温发热纳米颗粒填充至中空纤维的内部，使中空纤维的内部具有支撑，能够保持中空纤维内部空气的充盈度，使得耐高温发热层不易被压实，厚度较薄的面料也可达到很好的效果。
优选的技术方案为，所述耐高温发热的两侧还设有连接层，所述连接层为超吸水纤维与粘胶纤维混纤梳理成的网层，所述连接层通过热压工艺或针刺工艺与耐高温发热层合成一体。连接层做成网状结构，一方面赋予面料良好的弹性，提高穿着的舒适度，另一方面，网层结构相比于传统的粘合剂粘合有良好的透气性。
进一步优选的技术方案为，所述连接层的网孔内部填充火山岩纳米颗粒，所述火山岩纳米颗粒的平均粒径为9-10nm，所述网孔的孔径为0.01-0.1mm。连接层的网孔内填充的火山岩纳米颗粒，具有远红外线蓄热升温的功能，达到发热保暖的效果，与耐高温发热层共同作用，提高面料的耐高温、防寒效果；同时，连接层内填充火山岩纳米颗粒，对耐高温发热层内的耐高温发热纳米颗粒具有一定的保护和隔绝作用，避免耐高温发热纳米颗粒随着外部环境的升温，发生熔融相变时，向外部渗透；另外，火山岩纳米颗粒镶嵌在网孔内，并通过外部的面料层将其固定在网孔内，不会再清洗的过程中从面料中渗出或发生移动。
进一步优选的技术方案为，所述耐高温发热层的两侧还包括耐高温保护层，所述耐高温保护层由碳纤维和凯夫拉纤维混纺制成。耐高温保护层由碳纤维和凯夫拉纤维混纺而成，进一步提高复合面料的对外部环境的耐高温效果，同时，对内部的连接层、耐高温发热层进一步的进行保护和固定。
进一步优选的技术方案为，所述里层绒布中纱线组成的质量百分比为：涤纶纤维80-90％，氨纶纤维10-20％；所述涤纶纤维是多微孔中空聚酯纤维。里层绒布采用多微孔中空聚酯纤维，具有良好的保温性能。
一种耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：采用真空浸渍法将Na2SO4·10H2O-Na2HPO4·12H2O水合盐浸渍到膨胀石墨中2-5h，然后经过研磨制成平均粒径为5-8nm的耐高温发热纳米颗粒，再将耐高温发热纳米颗粒浸渍在轻质石蜡液体中包衣，然后经过真空干燥后备用；
S2：制备纳米胶液：将石蜡包衣后的耐高温发热纳米颗粒与去离子水混合，其中，耐高温发热纳米颗粒的浓度为6-10g/L，依次经过磁力搅拌和超声分散得到耐高温发热纳米胶液，备用；
S3：将中空纤维浸渍在步骤S2制成的耐高温发热纳米胶液中，取出后依次经过超声固定、真空干燥制得耐高温发热纤维；再采用上述方法制成的耐高温发热纤维纺织制成耐高温发热层；
S4：通过热压或针刺工艺将连接层复合在步骤S3制得的耐高温发热层的两侧，耐高温发热层的两侧复合连接层后，两侧再次复合耐高温保护层，最后通过缝纫分别与表层面料、里层绒布连接制成耐高温防寒面料。耐高温发热纳米颗粒经过超声和真空干燥处理，与中空纤维的吸附强度高，耐久性好；附着在耐高温发热层的外侧的连接层对内部的耐高温发热层进行保护、拘束和支撑；耐高温保护层附着在连接层的外侧使耐高温发热纳米颗粒的相变仅限于耐高温发热层的内部。
优选的技术方案为，还包括连接层负载火山岩纳米颗粒的步骤，具体为，制备火山岩纳米颗粒，将火山岩高温炭化得到粉体，然后研磨成平均粒径粒径为5-8nm的火山岩纳米颗粒；将火山岩纳米颗粒与去离子水混合，其中，火山岩纳米颗粒的浓度为6-10g/L，依次经过磁力搅拌和超声分散，得到火山岩纳米胶液；然后再将复合连接层的耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中，取出后再依次经过超声固定、真空干燥，使得耐高温发热层的两面的连接层的网孔内和纤维上均匀负载火山岩纳米颗粒。火山岩纳米颗粒通过浸渍、超声、干燥的方法附着在耐高温发热层的外侧的连接层的网孔和纤维的内部，方法简单、可控，且对内部的耐高温发热层进行保护和拘束，使耐高温发热纳米颗粒的相变仅限于耐高温发热层的内部。
进一步优选的技术方案为，在制备耐高温发热纳米胶液和火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，磁力搅拌时间为1-2h，超声分散的时间为0.5-1h。
进一步优选的技术方案为，在真空干燥耐高温发热纳米胶液和真空干燥火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，真空干燥的真空度为0.1-100pa。
进一步优选的技术方案为，所述中空纤维浸渍在耐高温发热纳米胶液中和所述耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中的浸渍时间为2-3h。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于：耐高温防寒面料采用长绒棉制成的表层面料采用涤纶纤维和氨纶纤维作为绒布，使表层面料具有良好的舒适性，里层面料具有更高的弹性和穿着舒适度；位于表层面料和里层绒布之间的耐热发热层、连接层和耐高温保护层形成一个整体的既具有发热-吸热-保温的循环功能，在17℃-32℃之间进行循环调节，形成人体外的类似微空调的微环境调节***，又同时连接层，耐高温保护层又对内部的耐高温发热层进行束缚和保护；该耐高温防寒面料，具有良好的保暖发热、吸热耐高温的性能和舒适性，在恶劣条件下的防护服的应用，具有良好的前景。本发明的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法简单、可控，具有良好的实用性。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
本发明是一种耐高温防寒面料，包括采用热压工艺或者针刺工艺复合的表层面料、耐高温发热层和里层绒布；所述表层面料采用长绒棉纤维织成纱线然后再织成表层面料；所述里层绒布由氨纶纤维和涤纶纤维构成的混纺丝织成里层绒布；所述耐高温发热层是由表面和/或内部负载耐高温发热纳米颗粒的中空纤维纺织制成，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒是Na2SO4·10H2O-Na2HPO4·12H2O/膨胀石墨纳米颗粒，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒的平均粒径为9-10nm。
所述里层绒布中纱线组成的质量百分比为：涤纶纤维85％，氨纶纤维15％；所述涤纶纤维是多微孔中空聚酯纤维。
以上所述的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：采用真空浸渍法将Na2SO4·10H2O-Na2HPO4·12H2O水合盐浸渍到膨胀石墨中3.5h，然后经过研磨制成平均粒径为5-8nm的耐高温发热纳米颗粒，再将耐高温发热纳米颗粒浸渍在轻质石蜡液体中包衣，然后经过真空干燥后备用；
S2：制备纳米胶液：将石蜡包衣后的耐高温发热纳米颗粒与去离子水混合，其中，耐高温发热纳米颗粒的浓度为8g/L，依次经过磁力搅拌1.5h和超声分散45min，得到耐高温发热纳米胶液，备用；
S3：将中空纤维浸渍在步骤S2制成的耐高温发热纳米胶液中2.5h，取出后依次经过超声固定、50pa真空干燥制得耐高温发热纤维；再采用上述方法制成的耐高温发热纤维纺织制成耐高温发热层；
S4：通过热压或针刺工艺将连接层复合在步骤S3制得的耐高温发热层的两侧，耐高温发热层的两侧复合连接层后，两侧再次复合耐高温保护层，最后通过缝纫分别与表层面料、里层绒布连接制成耐高温防寒面料。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的区别在于，所述连接层的网孔内部填充火山岩纳米颗粒，所述火山岩纳米颗粒的平均粒径为9-10nm，所述网孔的孔径为0.05mm。
所述连接层的外侧还设有耐高温保护层，所述耐高温保护层由碳纤维和凯夫拉纤维混纺制成。
以上所述耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1：采用真空浸渍法将Na2SO4·10H2O-Na2HPO4·12H2O水合盐浸渍到膨胀石墨中3.5h，然后经过研磨制成平均粒径为5-8nm的耐高温发热纳米颗粒，再将耐高温发热纳米颗粒浸渍在轻质石蜡液体中包衣，然后经过真空干燥后备用；制备火山岩纳米颗粒，将火山岩高温炭化得到粉体，然后研磨成平均粒径粒径为5-8nm的火山岩纳米颗粒，备用；
S2：将石蜡包衣后的耐高温发热纳米颗粒与去离子水混合，其中，耐高温发热纳米颗粒的浓度为8g/L，依次经过磁力搅拌1.5h和超声分散45min，得到耐高温发热纳米胶液，将中空纤维浸渍耐高温发热纳米胶液中2.5h，取出后依次经过超声固定、50pa真空干燥制得耐高温发热纤维；再采用上述方法制成的耐高温发热纤维纺织制成耐高温发热层；
S3：通过热压或针刺工艺将连接层复合在步骤S2制得的耐高温发热层的两侧，耐高温发热层的两侧复合连接层后浸渍在浓度为8g/L的火山岩纳米胶液中，取出后再依次经过超声固定、50pa真空干燥，使得耐高温发热层的两面的连接层的网孔内和纤维上均匀负载火山岩纳米颗粒；两侧再次复合耐高温保护层，最后通过缝纫分别与表层面料、里层绒布连接制成耐高温防寒面料。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例2的区别在于，所述里层绒布中纱线组成的质量百分比为：涤纶纤维80％，氨纶纤维20％。
在制备耐高温发热纳米胶液和火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，磁力搅拌时间为1h，超声分散的时间为0.5h。
在真空干燥耐高温发热纳米胶液、真空干燥火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，真空干燥的真空度为0.1pa。
所述中空纤维浸渍在耐高温发热纳米胶液、所述耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中的浸渍时间为2h。
实施例4
实施例4与实施例2的区别在于，所述里层绒布中纱线组成的质量百分比为：涤纶纤维90％，氨纶纤维10％；
在制备耐高温发热纳米胶液和火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，磁力搅拌时间为2h，超声分散的时间为1h。
在真空干燥耐高温发热纳米胶液、真空干燥火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，真空干燥的真空度为100pa。
所述中空纤维浸渍在耐高温发热纳米胶液、所述耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中的浸渍时间为3h。
实施例5
实施例5与实施例2的区别在于，在制备耐高温发热纳米胶液和火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，磁力搅拌时间为80min，超声分散的时间为40min。
在真空干燥耐高温发热纳米胶液、真空干燥火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，真空干燥的真空度为30pa。
所述中空纤维浸渍在耐高温发热纳米胶液、所述耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中的浸渍时间为130min。
实施例6
实施例6与实施例2的区别在于，在制备耐高温发热纳米胶液和火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，磁力搅拌时间为100min，超声分散的时间为50min。
在真空干燥耐高温发热纳米胶液、真空干燥火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，真空干燥的真空度为80pa。
所述中空纤维浸渍在耐高温发热纳米胶液、所述耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中的浸渍时间为160min。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐高温防寒面料，其特征在于，包括采用热压工艺或者针刺工艺复合的表层面料、耐高温发热层和里层绒布；所述表层面料采用长绒棉纤维织成纱线然后再织成表层面料；所述里层绒布由氨纶纤维和涤纶纤维构成的混纺丝织成里层绒布；所述耐高温发热层是由表面和/或内部负载耐高温发热纳米颗粒的中空纤维纺织制成，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒是Na2SO4·10H2O-Na2HPO4·12H2O/膨胀石墨纳米颗粒，所述耐高温发热纳米颗粒的平均粒径为9-10nm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐高温防寒面料，其特征在于，所述耐高温发热的两侧还设有连接层，所述连接层为超吸水纤维与粘胶纤维混纤梳理成的网层，所述连接层通过热压工艺或针刺工艺与耐高温发热层合成一体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的耐高温防寒面料，其特征在于，所述连接层的网孔内部填充火山岩纳米颗粒，所述火山岩纳米颗粒的平均粒径为9-10nm，所述网孔的孔径为0.01-0.1mm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的耐高温防寒面料，其特征在于，所述连接层的外侧还设有耐高温保护层，所述耐高温保护层由碳纤维和凯夫拉纤维混纺制成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的耐高温防寒面料，其特征在于，所述里层绒布中纱线组成的质量百分比为：涤纶纤维80-90％，氨纶纤维10-20％；所述涤纶纤维是多微孔中空聚酯纤维。
6.一种根据权利要求5所述的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S1：采用真空浸渍法将Na2SO4·10H2O-Na2HPO4·12H2O水合盐浸渍到膨胀石墨中2-5h，然后经过研磨制成平均粒径为5-8nm的耐高温发热纳米颗粒，再将耐高温发热纳米颗粒浸渍在轻质石蜡液体中包衣，然后经过真空干燥后备用；
S2：制备纳米胶液：将石蜡包衣后的耐高温发热纳米颗粒与去离子水混合，其中，耐高温发热纳米颗粒的浓度为6-10g/L，依次经过磁力搅拌和超声分散得到耐高温发热纳米胶液，备用；
S3：将中空纤维浸渍在步骤S2制成的耐高温发热纳米胶液中，取出后依次经过超声固定、真空干燥制得耐高温发热纤维；再采用上述方法制成的耐高温发热纤维纺织制成耐高温发热层；
S4：通过热压或针刺工艺将连接层复合在步骤S3制得的耐高温发热层的两侧，耐高温发热层的两侧复合连接层后，两侧再次复合耐高温保护层，最后通过缝纫分别与表层面料、里层绒布连接制成耐高温防寒面料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括连接层负载火山岩纳米颗粒的步骤，具体为，制备火山岩纳米颗粒，将火山岩高温炭化得到粉体，然后研磨成平均粒径粒径为5-8nm的火山岩纳米颗粒；将火山岩纳米颗粒与去离子水混合，其中，火山岩纳米颗粒的浓度为6-10g/L，依次经过磁力搅拌和超声分散，得到火山岩纳米胶液；然后再将复合连接层的耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中，取出后再依次经过超声固定、真空干燥，使得耐高温发热层的两面的连接层的网孔内和纤维上均匀负载火山岩纳米颗粒。
8.根据权利要求7所述的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，其特征在于，在制备耐高温发热纳米胶液和火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，磁力搅拌时间为1-2h，超声分散的时间为0.5-1h。
9.根据权利要求8所述的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，其特征在于，在真空干燥耐高温发热纳米胶液和真空干燥火山岩纳米胶液的步骤中，真空干燥的真空度为0.1-100pa。
10.根据权利要求9所述的耐高温防寒面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述中空纤维浸渍在耐高温发热纳米胶液中和所述耐高温发热层浸渍在火山岩纳米胶液中的浸渍时间为2-3h。
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