CN111719109A - 一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法 - Google Patents

一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法 Download PDF

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CN111719109A
CN111719109A CN202010607604.8A CN202010607604A CN111719109A CN 111719109 A CN111719109 A CN 111719109A CN 202010607604 A CN202010607604 A CN 202010607604A CN 111719109 A CN111719109 A CN 111719109A
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steering gear
rocker shaft
hardness
optical axis
induction heating
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江海涛
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Knorr Bremse DETC Commercial Vehicle Braking Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，具体为：（1）对转向器摇臂轴不同部位设计不同的硬度，光轴部硬度为HRC34‑42,并且延伸到与扇齿部相交的过渡圆角处，螺纹部及花键部硬度为HRC44‑52，扇齿部硬度为HRC58‑63；（2）为实现转向器摇臂轴不同部位的硬度要求，在转向器摇臂轴整体渗碳淬火后，采用局部感应加热退火工艺。本发明通过转向器摇臂轴的不同部位设计不同的硬度并采用局部感应加热退火工艺，达到了主要解决转向器摇臂轴光轴部和螺纹部断裂的风险，同时也减少了转向器在使用过程中其它部位脆断的风险。

Description

一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法
技术领域
本发明属于汽车转向器领域，一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法。
背景技术
转向器是汽车重要的保安件，转向器摇臂轴通常包括螺纹部、花键部、中间光轴部、扇齿部、外光轴部形成一个整体，采用低碳合金钢整体渗碳淬火再低温回火工艺，表面硬度在HRC58-63之间；为防止垂壁锁紧螺纹脆断，对螺纹部采取涂防渗涂料，达到螺纹不渗碳，此处整体淬火后硬度在HRC30-45范围内，以减少螺纹脆断倾向。但在实际使用过程中，由于摇臂轴受很大扭矩，螺纹处容易发生脆断事故；同时涂防渗涂料，很难保证涂层的均匀性，导致螺纹不能保证都得到保护，存在较大风险；并且，花键部也容易发生脆断花键齿，在光轴与扇齿过渡圆角处也出现有裂纹。
发明内容
为了克服现有转向器摇臂轴光轴、螺纹、花键易脆断及螺纹防渗不能有效防护的问题，本发明提出一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，对摇臂轴不同部位设计不同的硬度，同时为达到规定的硬度采用新的热处理工艺实现。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，其特征在于，具体为：
（1）对转向器摇臂轴不同部位设计不同的硬度，光轴部硬度为HRC34-42,并且延伸到与扇齿部相交的过渡圆角处，螺纹部及花键部硬度为HRC44-52，扇齿部硬度为HRC58-63；
（2）为实现转向器摇臂轴不同部位的硬度要求，在转向器摇臂轴整体渗碳淬火后，采用局部感应加热退火工艺。
对上述技术方案的进一步限定：局部感应加热退火工艺为2次，所述转向器摇臂轴的螺纹部及花键部单独局部感应加热退火，光轴部单独局部感应加热退火。分为2次局部退火，利于分别控制硬度要求，感应器易于设置，实现容易。
对上述技术方案的进一步限定：感应加热退火工艺中的加热温度为550～600℃。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过对转向器摇臂轴不同部位设计不同的硬度，并采用整体渗碳淬火后局部感应加热退火的工艺实现不同的硬度要求，由于是整体渗碳淬火，保证了整个转向器摇臂轴内韧外硬，避免脆断风险；螺纹部及花键部硬度降低为HRC44-52，避免了螺纹部及花键部的过渡处、螺纹、花键齿断裂现象；光轴部硬度降低为HRC34-42，并且延伸到与扇齿部相交的过渡圆角处，避免了光轴与扇齿过渡圆角处出现裂纹；综合地，本发明通过转向器摇臂轴的不同部位设计不同的硬度并采用局部感应加热退火工艺，达到了主要解决转向器摇臂轴光轴部和螺纹部断裂的风险，同时也减少了转向器在使用过程中其它部位脆断的风险。
附图说明
图1是本发明中转向器摇臂轴的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面，结合附图和实施例进一步描述本发明。
实施例1
一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，具体为：
（1）如图1所示，转向器摇臂轴包括螺纹部1、花键部2、扇齿部4、光轴部，光轴部又包括中间光轴部3、外光轴部5，扇齿部4位于中间光轴部3、外光轴部5之间；对转向器摇臂轴不同部位设计不同的硬度，光轴部（中间光轴部3、外光轴部5）硬度为HRC34-42,并且延伸到与扇齿部相交的过渡圆角a、b处，螺纹部1及花键部2硬度为HRC44-52，扇齿部4硬度为HRC58-63；
（2）为实现转向器摇臂轴不同部位的硬度要求，在转向器摇臂轴整体渗碳淬火后，采用局部感应加热退火工艺；局部感应加热退火工艺为2次，所述转向器摇臂轴的螺纹部及花键部单独局部感应加热退火，光轴部单独局部感应加热退火。分为2次局部退火，利于分别控制硬度要求，感应器易于设置，实现容易。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的区别仅在于：局部感应加热退火工艺为1次，在感应加热退火设备上一次性实现光轴部、螺纹部及花键部的局部感应加热退火。
采用实施例2，利于提高生产效率。
上述实施例中，感应加热退火工艺中的加热温度为550～600℃。
本发明中，转向器摇臂轴整体渗碳淬火，渗碳层的深度通常为0.8-1.2毫米。
本发明的技术创新在于：转向器摇臂轴不同部位设计不同的硬度以及为达到规定的硬度所采用的热处理工艺方法。

Claims (4)

1.一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，其特征在于，具体为：
（1）对转向器摇臂轴不同部位设计不同的硬度，光轴部硬度为HRC34-42,并且延伸到与扇齿部相交的过渡圆角处，螺纹部及花键部硬度为HRC44-52，扇齿部硬度为HRC58-63；
（2）为实现转向器摇臂轴不同部位的硬度要求，在转向器摇臂轴整体渗碳淬火后，采用局部感应加热退火工艺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，其特征在于：局部感应加热退火工艺为2次，所述转向器摇臂轴的螺纹部及花键部单独局部感应加热退火，光轴部单独局部感应加热退火。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，其特征在于：感应加热退火工艺中的加热温度为550～600℃。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种解决转向器摇臂轴光轴和螺纹断裂的方法，其特征在于：转向器摇臂轴整体渗碳淬火，渗碳层的深度为0.8-1.2毫米。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN117387937A (zh) * 2023-12-13 2024-01-12 万向钱潮股份公司 一种传动轴加工方法及装置

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