CN111707168B - Inner hole size measuring device and measuring method suitable for revolving body part - Google Patents
Inner hole size measuring device and measuring method suitable for revolving body part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111707168B CN111707168B CN202010501611.XA CN202010501611A CN111707168B CN 111707168 B CN111707168 B CN 111707168B CN 202010501611 A CN202010501611 A CN 202010501611A CN 111707168 B CN111707168 B CN 111707168B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B5/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inner hole size measuring device and a measuring method suitable for a revolving body part, belonging to the technical field of revolving body part size measurement. The inner hole size measuring device suitable for the revolving body part is simple in structure, simple and convenient in measuring method, capable of effectively achieving error calibration and accurate measurement of the size of the inner hole of the revolving body part, reducing measuring errors, simplifying procedures of measuring the inner hole of the revolving body part, improving accuracy and efficiency of measuring the size of the inner hole of the revolving body part, and good in application prospect and popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of dimensions of revolving body parts, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the size of an inner hole of a revolving body part.
Background
When a large-sized revolving body part is turned, an inner hole of the revolving body part is often required to be measured on line so as to ensure the machining precision of the revolving body part.
In actual production, in order to simplify the arrangement of the measuring equipment of the revolving body part, the measuring equipment is usually combined with the machining equipment of the part, that is, a quick-change device is arranged on a lathe cutter rod, so that a machining cutter and a measuring tool can be switched on the quick-change device, and the measurement process of the part is completed by means of an existing machining lathe. The design scheme can effectively simplify the processing and measuring procedures of the revolving body part, avoids secondary clamping of the part and improves the measuring efficiency of the revolving body part.
However, when an operator actually measures the size of the inner hole of the revolving body by using the method, the measurement result often has a measurement error of more than 0.1mm, and the stability and accuracy of the measurement result are poor. After analysis, researchers find that the main reasons for the problems are as follows: when the machining lathe is in long-term reciprocating work, different parts of a guide rail where a machining tool is located are abraded in different degrees, and a supporting plate supporting the machining tool and a measuring tool has the possibility of left and right deviation when running in the guide rail, so that the measuring tool bar is difficult to ensure to be always parallel to the inner hole axis of a revolving body part during measurement, and errors are brought to a measuring result. Meanwhile, the existence of the abrasion also causes certain errors in the machining precision of the revolving body part. Moreover, the influence of the error in the process of processing and measuring the large-scale revolving body part is more obvious, which is related to the current situation that the abrasion condition of the lathe is more serious when the large-scale revolving body part is processed, and the difference between the abrasion conditions of the frequently used part and the infrequently used part is larger, and the longer length of the measuring cutter rod can cause the amplification of the measuring error generated by the gap of the guide rail.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at one or more of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides the inner hole size measuring device and the inner hole size measuring method suitable for the revolving body part, which can effectively avoid the uneven wear of the guide rail sliding groove, reduce the influence of the guide rail wear on the revolving body part machining and the part inner hole machining precision and ensure the accuracy of the inner hole size measurement of the revolving body part.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inner hole size measuring device suitable for a revolving body part, wherein the measuring device includes a rod-shaped measuring rod, a measuring tool is disposed at an end of the measuring rod, and the measuring rod can be fixedly mounted on a supporting plate of a processing lathe;
the processing lathe is provided with a guide rail along the longitudinal direction of the lathe, the guide rail comprises two guide rail pairs which are oppositely arranged, and a sliding groove is formed between the two guide rail pairs; the supporting plate is arranged in the sliding groove in a matching mode, and the two side wall surfaces of the supporting plate in the transverse direction of the lathe are respectively aligned with the side wall surfaces of the two guide rail pairs;
at least one guide rail clearance eliminating device is respectively arranged on two sides of the supporting plate along the longitudinal direction of the lathe; the guide rail gap eliminating device comprises an abutting part and a connecting part; each connecting part is respectively and fixedly connected to the side wall surface of the supporting plate and comprises an ejector rod and an elastic part which are transversely arranged along the lathe; one end of the ejector rod is connected with the abutting part, the other end of the ejector rod is abutted and matched with the elastic part, and the elastic part can be stretched in a reciprocating mode in the transverse direction of the lathe for a certain length so as to change the distance of the abutting part protruding out of the supporting plate; and one side of each abutting part, which is far away from the ejector rod, abuts against the side wall surface of the same guide rail pair at the same time, and the supporting plate is tightly abutted against the side wall surface of the other guide rail pair.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the abutting portion includes a connecting member and a rolling member;
one end of the connecting piece is connected with the ejector rod, and the rolling piece can rotate around a shaft and is arranged at the other end of the connecting piece; and is
The axis of the rolling part is vertically arranged, and the running surface of the rolling part protrudes out of the end surface of the connecting part and is abutted against the wall surface of the corresponding guide rail pair.
As a further improvement of the invention, the connecting part further comprises a main body, a guide rod and a screw rod;
a first through hole is formed in the end face of one side of the main body corresponding to the elastic piece, and a second through hole and a third through hole communicated with the first through hole are formed in the two side faces of the main body respectively;
the ejector rod is of a stepped shaft structure, one end with the large outer diameter is accommodated in the first through hole, and the other end with the small outer diameter penetrates through the second through hole and is connected with the abutting part; the guide rod is accommodated in the first through hole and is of a stepped shaft structure, the elastic piece is sleeved on the periphery of one end with a small outer diameter, and two ends of the elastic piece are respectively abutted against the end face of the ejector rod and the stepped surface on the guide rod; the screw rod is connected with the third through hole in a threaded matching mode, and one end of the screw rod is abutted to the end face of one side, away from the ejector rod, of the guide rod.
As a further improvement of the invention, the elastic member is a disc spring or a spring.
As a further improvement of the invention, the end surface of the ejector rod, which is opposite to the guide rod, is provided with a groove with a certain depth for coaxially embedding the end part of the guide rod.
As a further improvement of the present invention, a cover plate is disposed on an opening side of the first through hole, and the cover plate is connected to the main body by a plurality of screws and closes the opening of the first through hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, the connecting part is connected with the supporting plate through a plurality of screws.
As a further development of the invention, the rolling elements are rolling bearings.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for measuring an inner hole size of a rotating body component, using the measuring device, the method comprising the steps of:
clamping a part to be detected at one end of the sliding chute along the longitudinal direction of the lathe; the measuring rod is longitudinally arranged on the supporting plate along the lathe, and one end, provided with a measuring tool, of the measuring rod points to the part to be measured; and controlling the supporting plate to move in the sliding groove, enabling the measuring tool to be continuously close to the part to be measured, and sequentially measuring the size of the inner hole at each position of the inner hole in the axial direction after the measuring tool stretches into the inner hole of the part to be measured.
As a further improvement of the invention, before the measurement of the size of the inner hole of the part to be measured, the calibration process of the measurement error is also carried out, and the process is as follows:
clamping a standard part with the determined size of each part of the inner hole at one end of the sliding chute along the longitudinal direction of the lathe; mounting the measuring rod on the supporting plate along the longitudinal direction of the lathe, and enabling one end provided with the measuring tool to point to the standard part; controlling the supporting plate to move in the sliding groove, enabling the measuring tool to be continuously close to the standard part, and sequentially measuring the size of the inner hole at each position of the inner hole in the axial direction after the measuring tool extends into the inner hole of the standard part; obtaining and recording the difference value of each position according to the inner hole size measured at each position and the inner hole size of the standard component; when the part to be measured is measured, when the measuring tool measures the corresponding position of the inner hole, the position calibration is correspondingly compensated to obtain a difference value on the basis of the measuring result, so that the size of the inner hole at the position is obtained.
The above-described improved technical features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the inner hole size measuring device suitable for the revolving body part, the inner hole size measuring device is arranged in a form capable of being correspondingly arranged on the lathe supporting plate, so that the revolving body workpiece can continue to carry out inner hole measuring work without being taken down from a lathe clamping position after the revolving body workpiece is machined, the clamping procedure of workpiece inner hole size measurement is simplified, and the workpiece machining and measuring efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the guide rail clearance eliminating devices are respectively arranged on the two longitudinal sides of the supporting plate, so that one side wall surface of the supporting plate always abuts against the side wall surface of the guide rail pair when the supporting plate runs in the sliding groove, the running tracks of the supporting plate in the sliding groove at each time can be kept consistent, the clearance error caused by the abrasion of the sliding groove is avoided, and the accuracy of the measurement of the size of the inner hole is ensured;
(2) the guide rail clearance eliminating device of the inner hole size measuring device suitable for the revolving body part is simple in structure, simple and convenient to set and strong in controllability, and can adjust the acting force of the elastic part acting on the abutting part according to needs so as to change the acting force of the supporting plate abutting against the guide rail pair, thereby ensuring the reliable movement of the supporting plate on the guide rail and ensuring the accuracy of the processing and measuring of the revolving body part;
(3) according to the inner hole size measuring device suitable for the revolving body part, the guide rail clearance eliminating device and the measuring rod are correspondingly arranged, the clamping arrangement of the standard part is combined, the calibration of the abrasion degree of the sliding chute can be effectively realized, the measurement compensation value at each position of the sliding chute is obtained, the measurement compensation value is combined with the actual measurement value, the actual inner hole size at each position of the revolving body workpiece can be accurately obtained, the measurement error is effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the inner hole measurement of the revolving body part is further improved;
(4) the inner hole size measuring device suitable for the revolving body part is simple in structure, simple and convenient in measuring method, capable of effectively achieving error calibration and accurate measurement of the size of the inner hole of the revolving body part, reducing measuring errors, simplifying procedures of measuring the inner hole of the revolving body part, improving accuracy and efficiency of measuring the size of the inner hole of the revolving body part, and good in application prospect and popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a guide rail anti-backlash device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of a guide rail anti-backlash device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a guide rail anti-backlash device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an elevation view of the rail anti-backlash mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention mated with a pallet;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the rail clearance elimination apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention mated with a pallet;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the guide track anti-backlash mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention mated with a bracket;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring rod and a standard component during matching measurement according to an embodiment of the invention;
in all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular: 1. the device comprises a rolling shaft, 2 rolling parts, 3 connecting parts, 4 gaskets, 5 elastic gaskets, 6 nuts, 7 first screws, 8 ejector rods, 9 second screws, 10 elastic parts, 11 guide rods, 12 screw rods, 13 front cover plates, 14 main bodies, 15 third screws, 16 rear cover plates, 17 lathes, 18 supporting plates, 19 guide rail pairs, 20 sliding grooves, 21 standard parts, 22 measuring rods, 23 first clamps and 24 second clamps.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-7, the inner hole dimension measuring device for a revolving body component in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a supporting plate 18 and a measuring rod 22 disposed in a guide rail of a lathe 17. The guide rail comprises two guide rail pairs 19 which are oppositely arranged, a sliding groove 20 is formed between the two guide rail pairs 19, and then the supporting plate 18 is arranged in the sliding groove 20 in a matching manner and can slide in the sliding groove 20 in a reciprocating manner. It should be noted that, in the preferred embodiment, the extending direction of the chute 20 is referred to as a longitudinal direction of the lathe (i.e., a horizontal direction shown in fig. 5), and a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the lathe is referred to as a transverse direction of the lathe (i.e., a vertical direction shown in fig. 5). In addition, in actual measurement, the axial direction of the workpiece to be measured after clamping is completed is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lathe, that is, the measuring rod 22 reciprocates along the axial direction of the workpiece to be measured during test.
Further, in the actual setting, the test rod 22 may be fixedly connected to the supporting plate 18 by a quick-change device, and accordingly, the machining tool may also be fixedly connected to the supporting plate 18 by a quick-change device. Therefore, the machining tool and the measuring tool can be quickly switched, and the workpiece to be machined/measured only needs to be accurately clamped once. Meanwhile, the quick-change device can be a connecting block structure which can be quickly changed on the top of the supporting plate 17, and the measuring tool and the processing tool can be correspondingly fixed on the connecting block structure. Of course, the measuring tool and the machining tool can also be integrally arranged or preassembled with the corresponding connecting block structure respectively to form an integral structure, so that the measuring tool and the machining tool can be replaced quickly.
Further, the measuring tool includes a measuring rod 22 in a rod-like structure, the end of which is provided with a measuring head, and the supporting plate 18 on which the rear axis is provided is along the longitudinal direction of the lathe, and then the supporting plate 18 can drive the measuring rod 22 to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction of the lathe to approach or separate from the workpiece to be measured, and measure different positions of the inner bore on the workpiece to be measured, as shown in fig. 7.
In practical applications of the pallet 18, due to the need to reciprocate the slide channel 20 longitudinally along the lathe, there is a different degree of wear on the sides of the slide channel 20 in contact with the pallet 18, which is more evident in the context of large turning machines for machining large rotating parts. Moreover, since the sliding position of the pallet 18 in the chute 20 is often concentrated in certain areas during the machining of the rotating member, these areas are more worn than other areas; in comparison, when the inner hole of the revolving body workpiece is measured, the running area of the supporting plate 18 is different from the running area of the workpiece during machining, so that the running precision of the supporting plate 18 is poor during measurement, and obvious measurement errors are easy to exist.
In this regard, in a preferred embodiment, a guide rail anti-backlash device is provided for the carriage 18 and the guide rail for eliminating measurement errors introduced by the clearance between the carriage 18 and the guide rail. Specifically, the guide rail anti-backlash devices are at least one pair, i.e., at least two, and in the preferred embodiment, two as shown in fig. 4 and 5, respectively, disposed on both longitudinal sides of the supporting plate 18, and the two guide rail anti-backlash devices are disposed on the supporting plate 18 and simultaneously matched with the same guide rail pair 19.
Further, the guide rail gap eliminating device in the preferred embodiment includes, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an abutting portion and a connecting portion, wherein the abutting portion is configured to abut against a side wall surface of the guide rail pair 19, the connecting portion is configured to be connected to the supporting plate 18, and the connecting portion and the abutting portion are elastically connected. Specifically, the abutting part in the preferred embodiment includes a rolling shaft 1, a rolling member 2, and a connecting member 3, the rolling shaft 1 is vertically disposed, the rolling member 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rolling shaft 1, the bottom of the rolling shaft 1 coaxially passes through a through hole at the end of the connecting member 3, and is mounted in a manner of being matched with a washer 4, an elastic washer 5, and a nut 6, and the rolling outer periphery of the rolling member 2 protrudes from the side peripheral wall surface of the connecting member 3, as shown in fig. 1. In a preferred embodiment, the rolling elements 2 are rolling bearings, which are correspondingly arranged to be rotatable about an axis.
Further, the connecting part in the preferred embodiment comprises a top rod 8, an elastic part 10, a guide rod 11, a screw 12, a front cover plate 13, a main body 14 and a rear cover plate 16. Specifically, the main body 14 is a plate structure having a certain thickness, one end of which is provided with a through hole penetrating through two end surfaces, i.e., a square through hole as shown in fig. 1, and two side wall surfaces of the main body 14 are respectively provided with connecting holes communicating with the through hole, i.e., a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole, which are respectively used for corresponding arrangement of the ejector rod 8 and the screw rod 12. Further, the ejector rod 8 in the preferred embodiment is of a stepped structure, so that one end of the ejector rod can coaxially penetrate through the first through hole and is limited on the inner peripheral wall surface of the square through hole by the end part, meanwhile, the middle part of the ejector rod 8 is provided with a stepped through hole for the first screw 7 to correspondingly penetrate, then the ejector rod 8 and the connecting piece 3 are correspondingly matched and connected by the first screw 7, and the ejector rod 8 can reciprocate in the axial direction of the first connecting hole.
Further, be provided with guide arm 11 in square through hole, it preferably is stepped shaft structure, including the external diameter and square through hole internal dimension (set up the width vertically as shown in fig. 1) assorted big external diameter end and the less matching end of external diameter for match elastic component 10, the position that big external diameter end and matching end are connected forms the step face, elastic component 10 cover is established in the periphery of matching the end, its both ends respectively butt step face and the terminal surface of ejector pin 8 on the guide arm 11, and can be at 8 axial reciprocal flexible ejector pins of ejector pin. In a preferred embodiment, the elastic member 10 is a disc spring or a spring, the guide rod 11 is a corresponding combination of a square large-outer-diameter end and a cylindrical matching end, and the end of the ejector rod 8 facing the guide rod 11 is provided with a groove with a certain depth corresponding to the matching end, so that the end of the matching end can be correspondingly embedded into the groove, thereby meeting the requirement of the elastic member 10 on compression deformation.
Correspondingly, be provided with screw rod 12 in the guide arm 11 and deviate from one side of ejector pin 8, it is connected with the second connecting hole with screw thread accordant to with the terminal surface of the big external diameter end of tip correspondence butt guide arm 11, through the regulation of screw rod 12 precession degree of depth, can correspond the precompression degree of adjusting elastic component 10 to and ejector pin 8, the preset position of guide arm 11, adjust the length that rolling member 2 is outstanding from main part 14 terminal surface promptly.
Further, cover plates, namely a front cover plate 13 and a rear cover plate 16, are respectively arranged on two sides of the main body 14 for sealing two ends of the square through hole and enclosing the guide rod 11 and the elastic member 10 in the square through hole. Specifically, the two cover plates and the main body 14 are correspondingly connected through a plurality of second screws 9. Meanwhile, at least one third screw 15 is further provided on the main body 14, which passes through the front cover plate 13, the main body 14 and the rear cover plate 16 in this order and protrudes with an end portion out of an end surface of the rear cover plate 16, and then the third screw 15 may be connected with its end portion to a side wall surface of the support plate 18, as shown in fig. 5, and preferably at least two third screws in the preferred embodiment are provided in order to secure stability of connection of the third screws 15.
When the two longitudinal sides of the supporting plate 18 are respectively provided with the guide rail clearance eliminating devices, and the elastic members 10 in the two guide rail clearance eliminating devices are adjusted to be in the same pre-compression state, so that the two rolling members 2 respectively transversely protrude out of the supporting plate 18 and just face the end face of one guide rail pair 19 (which is called as a first guide rail pair, and the other opposite guide rail pair is a second guide rail pair), and then the supporting plate 18 is arranged in the chute 20 in a matching way, at this time, the two rolling members 2 respectively abut against the side wall face of the first guide rail pair, and due to the compression of the two rolling members 2, a certain compression amount exists in the two elastic members 10, namely, the restoring force of the two elastic members 10 generates two transverse acting forces in the transverse direction of the lathe, the supporting plate 18 abuts against one side of the second guide rail pair, so that the supporting plate 18 always abuts against the side wall face of the second guide rail pair, as shown in fig. 5, even if the side wall faces of the second guide rail pair are worn, the supporting plate 18 can abut against the supporting plate 18 against the second guide rail pair under the restoring force, it is ensured that the longitudinal path of the pallet 18 in the chute 20 is always the same.
On the basis of realizing that the supporting plate 18 tightly pushes the second guide rail pair, the error caused by inconsistent abrasion degree of the sliding groove 20 can be realized by matching with the corresponding error calibration process. The specific calibration process is as follows:
a rotary body standard part 21 with a certain length and an inner hole diameter D is selected and clamped on a first clamp 23 and a second clamp 24, so that the axis of the rotary body standard part is coincident with or parallel to the axis of a measuring rod 22 arranged on a supporting plate 18, the center of one end, close to the supporting plate 18, of the standard part 21 is taken as a coordinate origin, and the direction along the axis (namely the longitudinal direction of a lathe) of the standard part is taken as an X axis. The carriage 18 is then controlled to travel in the longitudinal direction of the lathe (i.e. the X-axis) so that the end of the measuring rod 22 provided with the measuring tool gradually projects into the bore and the measuring tool measures an inner diameter value D at intervals of length L from the origin of the coordinates1、D2、D3……DnThe inner diameter value is compared with the inner diameter value D of the standard part 210By comparison, the corresponding difference delta, i.e. delta, can be obtained1、δ2、δ3… … δ n, each difference δ corresponds to the wear condition of the chute 20 at each position, thereby completing the calibration of the error caused by inconsistent wear of the chute 20. After the calibration is finished once, the calibration can be not needed within a certain period, even if the condition that the guide rail pair 19 or the supporting plate 18 is abraded exists in the later-stage supporting plate operation, the error calibration process can be carried out again, and thus, the error calibration process can be carried out againThe design greatly simplifies the calibration process of the device for measuring the size of the inner hole of the rotating member and improves the measurement accuracy of the device.
When the inner hole size measuring device in the preferred embodiment is used for measuring, a workpiece to be measured is fixed and clamped by the first clamp 23 and the second clamp 24, so that the clamped form of the workpiece to be measured is the same as that of the standard part 21, the supporting plate 18 is controlled to move in the chute 20, one side of the supporting plate 18 always abuts against the second guide rail pair, and the running track of the second guide rail pair is completely consistent with that of error calibration. Then, with the walking of the supporting plate 18, the measuring end of the measuring rod 22 gradually extends into the inner hole of the workpiece to be measured, the measurement of the size of each position of the inner hole is sequentially performed, and after the measurement of the size of each position is completed, the difference value δ calibrated at the position is correspondingly added (the difference value can be positive or negative and corresponds to different abrasion degrees of the sliding groove), so that the accurate measurement of the size of the inner hole at each position of the revolving body workpiece is completed.
The inner hole size measuring device suitable for the revolving body part is simple in structure and convenient to set, can effectively utilize the existing machining lathe structure, does not need to additionally arrange corresponding measuring equipment, effectively reduces the setting cost of the measuring equipment, and does not need to detach and clamp a workpiece from a clamping position after the workpiece is machined, thereby simplifying the clamping process of the workpiece and improving the inner hole measuring efficiency of the revolving body workpiece; meanwhile, the corresponding arrangement of the guide rail gap eliminating device is utilized, the measurement error caused by the gap between the supporting plate and the guide rail is effectively avoided, the consistent track of the supporting plate in the sliding groove at each time is ensured, the consistency and the accuracy of the inner hole size measurement are ensured, and the device has better application prospect and popularization value.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The inner hole size measuring device is suitable for a revolving body part and is characterized by comprising a rod-shaped measuring rod, wherein a measuring tool is arranged at the end part of the measuring rod, and the measuring rod can be fixedly arranged on a supporting plate of a processing lathe;
the processing lathe is provided with a guide rail along the longitudinal direction of the lathe, the guide rail comprises two guide rail pairs which are oppositely arranged, and a sliding groove is formed between the two guide rail pairs; the supporting plate is arranged in the sliding groove in a matching mode, and the two side wall surfaces of the supporting plate in the transverse direction of the lathe are respectively aligned with the side wall surfaces of the two guide rail pairs;
at least one guide rail clearance eliminating device is respectively arranged on two sides of the supporting plate along the longitudinal direction of the lathe; the guide rail gap eliminating device comprises an abutting part and a connecting part; each connecting part is respectively and fixedly connected to the side wall surface of the supporting plate and comprises an ejector rod and an elastic part which are transversely arranged along the lathe; one end of the ejector rod is connected with the abutting part, the other end of the ejector rod is abutted and matched with the elastic part, and the elastic part can be stretched in a reciprocating mode in the transverse direction of the lathe for a certain length so as to change the distance of the abutting part protruding out of the supporting plate; and one side of each abutting part, which is far away from the ejector rod, abuts against the side wall surface of the same guide rail pair at the same time, and the supporting plate is tightly abutted against the side wall surface of the other guide rail pair.
2. The device for measuring the size of an inner hole of a body part according to claim 1, wherein the abutting portion comprises a connecting member and a rolling member;
one end of the connecting piece is connected with the ejector rod, and the rolling piece can rotate around a shaft and is arranged at the other end of the connecting piece; and is
The axis of the rolling part is vertically arranged, and the running surface of the rolling part protrudes out of the end surface of the connecting part and is abutted against the side wall surface of the corresponding guide rail pair.
3. The device for measuring the size of the inner hole of the part of the body of revolution as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting part further comprises a main body, a guide rod and a screw rod;
a first through hole is formed in the end face of one side of the main body corresponding to the elastic piece, and a second through hole and a third through hole communicated with the first through hole are formed in the two side faces of the main body respectively;
the ejector rod is of a stepped shaft structure, one end with the large outer diameter is accommodated in the first through hole, and the other end with the small outer diameter penetrates through the second through hole and is connected with the abutting part; the guide rod is accommodated in the first through hole and is of a stepped shaft structure, the elastic piece is sleeved on the periphery of one end with a small outer diameter, and two ends of the elastic piece are respectively abutted against the end face of the ejector rod and the stepped surface on the guide rod; the screw rod is connected with the third through hole in a threaded matching mode, and one end of the screw rod is abutted to the end face of one side, away from the ejector rod, of the guide rod.
4. The device for measuring the size of the inner hole of the part of the body of revolution as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastic member is a disc spring or a spring.
5. The device for measuring the size of the inner hole of the revolving body part as claimed in claim 3, wherein the end surface of the ejector rod facing the guide rod is provided with a groove with a certain depth for coaxially embedding the end part of the guide rod.
6. The device for measuring the size of the inner hole of the part of the body of revolution as claimed in claim 3, wherein the opening side of the first through hole is provided with a cover plate, the cover plate is connected with the main body by a plurality of screws, and the cover plate closes the opening of the first through hole.
7. An inner hole size measuring device suitable for a body of revolution part as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 or 6, wherein said connecting part and said supporting plate are connected by a plurality of screws.
8. An inner bore dimension measuring device for a part of the body of revolution as claimed in claim 2, wherein said rolling elements are rolling bearings.
9. An inner hole dimension measuring method suitable for a revolving body part, which utilizes the measuring device of any one of claims 1-8 to measure the inner hole dimension of the revolving body part, and the measuring step comprises the following steps:
clamping a part to be detected at one end of the sliding chute along the longitudinal direction of the lathe; the measuring rod is longitudinally arranged on the supporting plate along the lathe, and one end, provided with a measuring tool, of the measuring rod points to the part to be measured; and controlling the supporting plate to move in the sliding groove, enabling the measuring tool to be continuously close to the part to be measured, and sequentially measuring the size of the inner hole at each position of the inner hole in the axial direction after the measuring tool stretches into the inner hole of the part to be measured.
10. The method for measuring the size of the inner hole of the part of the body of revolution according to claim 9, wherein before the measurement of the size of the inner hole of the part to be measured, a calibration process of the measurement error is further performed, and the process is as follows:
clamping a standard part with the determined size of each part of the inner hole at one end of the sliding chute along the longitudinal direction of the lathe; mounting the measuring rod on the supporting plate along the longitudinal direction of the lathe, and enabling one end provided with the measuring tool to point to the standard part; controlling the supporting plate to move in the sliding groove, enabling the measuring tool to be continuously close to the standard part, and sequentially measuring the size of the inner hole at each position of the inner hole in the axial direction after the measuring tool extends into the inner hole of the standard part; obtaining and recording the difference value of each position according to the inner hole size measured at each position and the inner hole size of the standard component; when the part to be measured is measured, when the measuring tool measures the corresponding position of the inner hole, the position calibration is correspondingly compensated to obtain a difference value on the basis of the measuring result, so that the size of the inner hole at the position is obtained.
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