CN111705246A - Aluminum alloy material for aluminum piston and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy material for aluminum piston and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111705246A CN111705246A CN202010632959.2A CN202010632959A CN111705246A CN 111705246 A CN111705246 A CN 111705246A CN 202010632959 A CN202010632959 A CN 202010632959A CN 111705246 A CN111705246 A CN 111705246A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0084—Pistons the pistons being constructed from specific materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston and a processing method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-15% of silicon; 0.8 to 2.5 percent of nickel; 0.5 to 3.5 percent of copper; 0.32 to 0.67 percent of magnesium; 0.35 to 0.55 percent of manganese; the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of all the components is 100 percent; the aluminum alloy material is processed by placing the regenerated aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reverberatory furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the aluminum liquid is obtained after melting, cooling to 740-755 ℃ after melting, then sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese and nickel, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; refining, deslagging, degassing, casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material. The invention improves the impact resistance, tensile strength and high temperature resistance of the aluminum alloy material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy material processing, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston and a processing method thereof.
Background
The piston is a core component of an automobile engine and is a key development direction of 'industry strengthening base'. With the establishment of national VI emission standards and the advanced implementation in partial cities, especially autonomous brand vehicle enterprises, the technical and vehicle type preparation is not sufficient, so that the method is seriously influenced. The upgrade of emissions from nation V to nation VI involves the upgrade of the entire automobile industry chain. And the energy conservation and emission reduction requirements of the non-road mechanical diesel engine are necessarily synchronously improved. Therefore, the fuel efficiency, the impact resistance and other performances of the off-road diesel engine can be further improved. On one hand, under the condition of full combustion of fuel oil of the diesel engine, a high-temperature and high-pressure environment can be generated; on the other hand, the explosion pressure generated instantly by the diesel engine under the abnormal working environment is extremely large, and the piston is used as a key part of the engine combustion chamber, so that the requirements on the impact resistance, the tensile strength and the high temperature resistance of the piston are extremely high.
The stability of the existing piston in the high-detonation pressure environment generated by an engine is unreliable due to the limitation of high-temperature tensile strength, and certain risks exist. In the piston processing production, the influence of the precision of domestic special manufacturing equipment and the process manufacturing level is received, the quality level of the whole piston product of the diesel engine in China is low, the product performance fluctuation is large, and the whole quality level of the piston product needs to be improved through improving the manufacturing equipment level and optimizing and renovating the process. Therefore, the research and development of the high-specific-strength aluminum alloy material for the piston and the processing production application of the piston product thereof have important significance in improving the working performance of the piston in a severe environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston and a processing method thereof, which can improve the impact resistance, tensile strength and high temperature resistance of the aluminum piston.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
10-15% of silicon;
0.8 to 2.5 percent of nickel;
0.5 to 3.5 percent of copper;
0.32 to 0.67 percent of magnesium;
0.35 to 0.55 percent of manganese;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston further includes: 0.01 to 0.06 percent of chromium and 0.03 to 0.05 percent of titanium.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
11-15% of silicon;
0.15 to 2.2 percent of nickel;
0.8 to 2.5 percent of copper;
0.45 to 0.58 percent of magnesium;
0.35 to 0.5 percent of manganese;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
The processing method of the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reflecting furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are melted to obtain aluminum liquid, cooling to 740 and 755 ℃ after melting, then sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese and nickel, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; wherein: when the materials are mixed before melting, aiming at iron elements in the secondary aluminum, a five-level magnetic separation mode is adopted to separate iron impurities;
(2) modifying the aluminum liquid in the step (1) by adopting cerium-rich mischmetal as a modifier;
(3) refining, deslagging and degassing after refining, and standing the aluminum liquid, wherein: during refining treatment, a certain amount of iron removing agent is added;
(4) casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
Preferably, in the step (1), carbon fibers are added into the melted aluminum-silicon alloy melt by using a carbon fiber dispersion technology, and the dispersion treatment is performed by ultrasonic stirring so as to uniformly disperse the carbon fibers.
Preferably, in the step (1), after the smelting, the temperature is reduced to 740 ℃, and then the elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese and nickel are sequentially added.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are mixed and smelted, and then the elements with strong heat resistance such as copper, magnesium, manganese and nickel are added, so that the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material at high temperature and normal temperature is improved; the cerium-rich misch metal is adopted as a modifier to modify the aluminum liquid, so that the primary Si phase and A1-Si eutectic phase of the material are refined, and the performance of the alloy is further improved; the carbon fiber is added into the melted aluminum-silicon alloy melt by adopting a carbon fiber dispersion technology, and is subjected to dispersion treatment by ultrasonic stirring, so that the carbon fiber is uniformly dispersed, an aluminum alloy material with higher thermal stability and higher tensile strength is obtained, and the service performance of an aluminum piston processed by utilizing the aluminum alloy material is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
The first embodiment is as follows:
an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
10% of silicon;
0.8 percent of nickel;
0.5 percent of copper;
0.32% of magnesium;
0.35 percent of manganese;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
The processing method of the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reflecting furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are melted to obtain aluminum liquid, cooling to 740 and 755 ℃ after melting, then sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese and nickel, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; wherein: when the materials are mixed before melting, aiming at iron elements in the secondary aluminum, a five-level magnetic separation mode is adopted to separate iron impurities;
(2) modifying the aluminum liquid in the step (1) by adopting cerium-rich mischmetal as a modifier;
(3) refining, deslagging and degassing after refining, and standing the aluminum liquid, wherein: during refining treatment, a certain amount of iron removing agent is added;
(4) casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
Example two:
an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15% of silicon;
2.5 percent of nickel;
3.5% of copper;
0.67 percent of magnesium;
0.55 percent of manganese;
0.06 percent of chromium;
0.05 percent of titanium;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
The processing method of the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reverberatory furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are melted to obtain aluminum liquid, cooling to 740-755 ℃ after melting, sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese, nickel, chromium and titanium, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; wherein: when the materials are mixed before melting, aiming at iron elements in the secondary aluminum, a five-level magnetic separation mode is adopted to separate iron impurities;
(2) modifying the aluminum liquid in the step (1) by adopting cerium-rich mischmetal as a modifier;
(3) refining, deslagging and degassing after refining, and standing the aluminum liquid, wherein: during refining treatment, a certain amount of iron removing agent is added;
(4) casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
Example three:
an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
11% of silicon;
0.8 percent of nickel;
0.8% of copper;
0.55 percent of magnesium;
0.35 percent of manganese;
0.03 percent of chromium;
0.05 percent of titanium;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
The processing method of the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reverberatory furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are melted to obtain aluminum liquid, cooling to 740-755 ℃ after melting, sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese, nickel, chromium and titanium, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; wherein: when the materials are mixed before melting, aiming at iron elements in the secondary aluminum, a five-level magnetic separation mode is adopted to separate iron impurities;
(2) modifying the aluminum liquid in the step (1) by adopting cerium-rich mischmetal as a modifier;
(3) refining, deslagging and degassing after refining, and standing the aluminum liquid, wherein: during refining treatment, a certain amount of iron removing agent is added;
(4) casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
Example four:
an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
12% of silicon;
1.3 percent of nickel;
1.5% of copper;
0.32% of magnesium;
0.45 percent of manganese;
0.01 percent of chromium;
0.03 percent of titanium;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
The processing method of the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reverberatory furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are melted to obtain aluminum liquid, cooling to 740-755 ℃ after melting, sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese, nickel, chromium and titanium, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; wherein: when the materials are mixed before melting, aiming at iron elements in the secondary aluminum, a five-level magnetic separation mode is adopted to separate iron impurities;
(2) modifying the aluminum liquid in the step (1) by adopting cerium-rich mischmetal as a modifier;
(3) refining, deslagging and degassing after refining, and standing the aluminum liquid, wherein: during refining treatment, a certain amount of iron removing agent is added;
(4) casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
Example five:
an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
12.5% of silicon;
2% of nickel;
3.5% of copper;
0.32% of magnesium;
0.53 percent of manganese;
0.01 percent of chromium;
0.03 percent of titanium;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
The processing method of the aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reverberatory furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are melted to obtain aluminum liquid, cooling to 740-755 ℃ after melting, sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese, nickel, chromium and titanium, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; wherein: when the materials are mixed before melting, aiming at iron elements in the secondary aluminum, a five-level magnetic separation mode is adopted to separate iron impurities;
(2) modifying the aluminum liquid in the step (1) by adopting cerium-rich mischmetal as a modifier;
(3) refining, deslagging and degassing after refining, and standing the aluminum liquid, wherein: during refining treatment, a certain amount of iron removing agent is added;
(4) casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
According to the invention, the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are mixed and smelted, and then the elements with strong heat resistance such as copper, magnesium, manganese and nickel are added, so that the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material at high temperature and normal temperature is improved; the cerium-rich misch metal is adopted as a modifier to modify the aluminum liquid, so that the primary Si phase and A1-Si eutectic phase of the material are refined, and the performance of the alloy is further improved; the carbon fiber is added into the melted aluminum-silicon alloy melt by adopting a carbon fiber dispersion technology, and is subjected to dispersion treatment by ultrasonic stirring, so that the carbon fiber is uniformly dispersed, an aluminum alloy material with higher thermal stability and higher tensile strength is obtained, and the service performance of an aluminum piston processed by utilizing the aluminum alloy material is greatly improved.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The aluminum alloy material for the aluminum piston is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
10-15% of silicon;
0.8 to 2.5 percent of nickel;
0.5 to 3.5 percent of copper;
0.32 to 0.67 percent of magnesium;
0.35 to 0.55 percent of manganese;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
2. The aluminum alloy material for aluminum pistons according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
0.01 to 0.06 percent of chromium;
0.03 to 0.05 percent of titanium.
3. The aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston as recited in claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
11-15% of silicon;
0.15 to 2.2 percent of nickel;
0.8 to 2.5 percent of copper;
0.45 to 0.58 percent of magnesium;
0.35 to 0.5 percent of manganese;
the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities, and the total weight percentage of the components is 100 percent.
4. The method of processing an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston as set forth in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
placing the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum in a material concentration reflecting furnace, mixing and heating to 850 ℃ until the secondary aluminum and the electrolytic aluminum are melted to obtain aluminum liquid, cooling to 740 and 755 ℃ after melting, then sequentially adding elements of silicon, copper, magnesium, manganese and nickel, blending the components of the raw materials, stirring and standing; wherein: when the materials are mixed before melting, aiming at iron elements in the secondary aluminum, a five-level magnetic separation mode is adopted to separate iron impurities;
modifying the aluminum liquid in the step (1) by adopting cerium-rich mischmetal as a modifier;
(3) refining, deslagging and degassing after refining, and standing the aluminum liquid, wherein: during refining treatment, a certain amount of iron removing agent is added;
(4) casting and homogenizing to obtain the aluminum alloy material.
5. The method of processing an aluminum alloy material for an aluminum piston as set forth in claim 4, wherein the carbon fibers are added to the molten aluminum-silicon alloy by the carbon fiber dispersion technique in the step (1), and the dispersion treatment is performed by ultrasonic stirring to make the dispersion uniform.
6. The aluminum alloy material for aluminum pistons as defined in claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the temperature is lowered to 740 ℃ after the melting, and then the elements Si, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni are added in this order.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010632959.2A CN111705246A (en) | 2020-07-04 | 2020-07-04 | Aluminum alloy material for aluminum piston and processing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010632959.2A CN111705246A (en) | 2020-07-04 | 2020-07-04 | Aluminum alloy material for aluminum piston and processing method thereof |
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| CN111705246A true CN111705246A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113293326A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-24 | 江苏奋杰有色金属制品有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and production process |
| CN114150171A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-08 | 四会市辉煌金属制品有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113293326A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-24 | 江苏奋杰有色金属制品有限公司 | Aluminum alloy material and production process |
| CN114150171A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-08 | 四会市辉煌金属制品有限公司 | Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200925 |